In this study, we used a secondary data set. Secondary data analysis can allow for the validation of prevalent theories. The main advantages of secondary data in- clude: the availability of data without gathering it, which overcomes the obstacles of gathering data, such as peoples’ and organizations’ willingness to participate and cost to conduct the study. However, since the data is not collected though the
Repeated Use of E-Gov Web Stes
protocols of scientific research with a specific study in mind, it can have drawbacks.
The survey was designed to measure public opinion. The original research was not driven by a theoretical model. This may impact the validity and reliability of the measures. Individual questionnaire items may be unbiased but may not necessarily pass psychometric properties, such as the need to use multiple items. In this study, most of the variables were represented by one question each (except perceived performance, which was measured with two questions); hence, validity was based on expert opinion.
The data has to be available for all the concepts that must be considered, which may not always be possible. Several other quality indicators mentioned earlier in the study can also be considered to consider satisfaction. But lack of items capturing such indicators posed limitations in considering any additional variables. We had to use different methods (logistic and linear regression) for analysis due to differing scales of the variables (i.e., dichotomous scale for dependent variable and all independent variables being continuous). For this reason, we could not test the causal relation- ship among those constructs statistically, but test only the effects (relationship) of each variable on endogenous variables.
In the light of these limitations, a more detailed analysis of each construct using a proper design methodology is recommended. Despite some limitations, this study is among the first studies measuring the impact of perceived confidentiality on the intention of repeated usage of a government’s site. More importantly, the strength of the research is that the data represents a national random sample of the US adult population rather than a convenience sample, and that the results are consistent with theory. We believe the findings from our research could shed meaningful light regarding e-government.
Acknowledgment
We appreciate the comments made by anonymous reviewers and attendees at the ICEG 2005 conference, which have enhanced this paper. The research of the fourth author is funded by NSF under grant #0420448. The usual disclaimer applies.
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