BIBLIOGRAPHY - the use of english podcast application to improve

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Prasetyo, M. D., Vianty, M., & Jaya, H. P. 2014. Using Podcast to Improve Students Listening Comprehension on Descriptive Text. The Journal of English Literacy Education: The Teaching and Learning of English as a Foreign Language, 1(2), 93-99

Ramli, A. M., & Kurniawan, E. H. 2017. The Use of Podcast to Improve Students’ Listening and Speaking Skills For EFL Learners. Proceedings of the International Conference on English Language Teaching (ICONELT 2017): Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research Vol (Vol. 145, pp. 247-252).

Riftiningsih, F. 2018. The Use of Video Media to Improve the Students’ Listening Skill for the Second Grade Students of Senior High School in SMAN 2 Grabag Magelang in The Academic Year Of 2017/2018. SALATIGA:

IAIN SALATIGA.

Rüdel, Cornelia. 2006. A work in progress: Literature survey on mobile learning and podcasts in education. School of Education.

Stanley, G. (2006). Podcasting: Audio on the Internet Comes of Age. TESLEJ, 9 No 4.

Sze, P. M. 2006. Developing students' listening and speaking skills through ELT podcasts. EDUCATION JOURNAL - HONGKONG - CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG, 34(2), 115.

Wiyanah, S. 2015. Improving Listening Skill Using Podcast for English Department Students of Upy. Yogyakarta: Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta.

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Appendix A

(SCRIPT PRE-TEST) COVID-19 IN THE NEWS

Hello, Im Tony Grant, the host of LearnEnglish Podcast s new series

"LearnEnglish from Home . This series features regular short podcasts to help those of you who have to stay at home because of Covid-19 to spend a little bit of time learning English every day.

In each episode we’ll give a short talk on a theme, and during the talk I’ll explore a few interesting words and phrases for you.

I thought we’d spend today talking about Covid-19 in the news, and also use this topic as a chance to explore some news-related words and phrases. Also, after episode 7 of series 1 thanking our essential workers, one of our listeners wrote in to recommend journalists as another category of essential workers.

So, thank you journalists, we appreciate all those of you who are out there pursuing truth on our behalf! Now firstly, I’d like to give you a few keywords and phrases to do with news and journalism that you need to listen out for during the talk. If you pause now and go get a pen and paper to make a note of them, I’ll wait.

Ok, write down the following words and phrases, and then listen and tick when you hear them - news reportsi news coverage; news headlines; mass media;

breaking news; analysisi interviewsi editorialsi feature stories: human-interesti opinion piecesi newspaper; news broadcast.

And here’s an extra challenge. One of those phrases is NOT in the talk, so listen carefully and at the end I’ll tell you which one it is!

I don t know how you experienced the Covid-19 pandemic as an item in the news, but I suspect for many of you it was something like this: At first we watched sympathetically as it began in Wuhan - news reports told us of a terrible tragedy that was happening over there, spreading slowly to nearby countries like Hong Kong and Korea - and the poor people trapped on cruise ships like the Diamond Princess.

Slowly the world realised that it would go from something specific to concentrated populations in large cities in Asia to something everywherei Italy and Iran entered the battle, followed by more European countries, Australia, the Middle East and South America and eventually the United States.

News coverage of the pandemic has reflected this changing perspective.

Originally much of the news focussed on the numbers - the new cases, the number of deaths, the number of tests it was possible to do, and very occasionally good news about the number of people who were recovering quickly, with limited symptoms.

Then the news headlines switched to the gradual shutdown of society. We were informed daily which countries were closing their borders. Then came the increasing domestic restrictions - people being asked or forced to stay at home.

Mass media informed us how often people could go out for food and exercise, and for how long. Some people panicked and supermarket shelves quickly became empty of essentials until we were told that there was plenty for everyone.

Facts became repetitive and boring, so journalists switched to analysis. Instead of wanting to understand what was happening we wanted to know why and how.

Interviews with experts explored various questions, like 'why was the death rate in Italy so high? and 'why were more men than women affected in China?

Editorials and opinion pieces applauded leaders who seemed to be doing things right, and compared them to those who were doing it wrong.

Then there were the feature stories that celebrated human-interest heroes like Captain Tom Moore, a 100-year-old gentleman who started walking around his garden to raise money for the British National Health Service. He aimed to raise

£1000 before his 100th birthday, and ended up raising 29 million.

Living through an international crisis is hard, and one of the difficult things is the amount of information you feel obliged to read, watch and understand. In the old days most people read one newspaper and watched maybe one evening news broadcast.

Now our supply of news is vast on every platform. Information is useful and necessary - but sometimes it can get too much. Remember that it's okay to switch off now and again, and give yourself a break from the headlines.

Ok everyone, that’s it for todays episode. I hope you managed to catch all the words and phrases. And which one was missing? That sright, it was 'breaking news.

Thank you for listening to LearnEnglish from Home. If you’d like to give us feedback or leave a suggestion for future topics just send an email to learnenglish.mobile@britishcouncil.org. And remember, stay safe everyone.

Question.

Answer the question below. Choose True or False in the coloum.

No Question

Choose the correct answer true False 1 Covid-19 began as a global pandemic

2 At first, “How Many” was a key question in the news

3 Originally much of the news focused on the numbers

4 The news headlines switched to the gradual shutdown of society

5 Gradually, more and more countries closed their borders

6 There was no panic-buying in supermarkets because everybody stayed calm

7 Soon journalists started discussing the reason for the situation.

8 Captain Tom Moore raised £1000 for the NHS in the UK

9 People have more ways to get the news now than they did in the past

10 Information is unuseful and necessary-but sometimes it can get too much

Appendix B

(SCRIPT POST-TEST)

The Corona Virus and Covid-19

Hello, Im Tony Grant, the host of LearnEnglish Podcast s new series

"LearnEnglish from Home. This series features regular short podcasts to help those of you who have to stay at home because of Covid-19 to spend a little bit of time learning English every day.

In each episode we’ll give a short talk on a theme, and during the talk Ill explore a few interesting words and phrases for you.

Today in episode 1 I’m going to talk about the reason so many of us are at home at this time; the coronavirus, and its resulting illness, COVID-19. You’ll notice that although it has an official name, lots of people still call it "coronavirus".

This is probably because when it started it was known as "2019 novel coronavirus". This was a bit of a mouthful so many people shortened it to

"coronavirus" and that has stuck in our memories.

But actually, this isn’t a very accurate name because there are seven strains of human coronavirus in the world, and both SARS and MERS were also coronaviruses. Also, remember that COVID-19 is the name of the disease, not the virus itself. The virus that causes COVID-19 is actually SARS-COV-2.

Other confusing words we’re hearing a lot in relation to COVID-19 are epidemic and pandemic. The difference between the two is scale (the number of people infected) and geography (the location of the infection).

An epidemic is when a disease has spread widely in a specific geographical area.

That geographical area might be a country, a region or a continent. But while it’s contained in that area, a disease is considered an epidemic.

A pandemic is larger - this word is used when a disease has spread globally.

Originally COVID-19 was focused in Asia, and it was called an epidemic. Then after it spread widely to other continents, it was called a pandemic.

Having said that, there’s no clear moment when a disease goes from being epidemic to pandemic, so we rely on the World Health Organization, or WHO, to decide. In the case of COVID-19 they changed the designation from epidemic to pandemic on March 11th 2020.

Finally, let’s look at three more terms related to this COVID-19 pandemic social distance, quarantine and isolation. Many people around the world are currently practising some form of social distancing.

From 'light distancing measures like trying not to stand too close to people on public transport or not shaking hands and hugging when you meet, to more drastic measures like staying home as much as possible and only chatting to friends and family online.

The second term 'quarantine is normally used when someone is living at a strict social distance from everyone because they might have the disease. Maybe

someone they know and have met recently has it, or they’ve visited an area where lots of people are infected.

As COVID-19 doesn’t always make you ill for the first few days, people are usually 'in quarantine for about 14 days before they feel safe to assume they don t have the disease.

And finally, if someone is unfortunate enough to get COVID-19, they’ll almost certainly 'go into isolation to protect everyone else.

This means that they’re unable to see anyone apart from medical professionals wearing special clothes called Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, to keep them safe, at least until they’ve recovered and are no longer testing positive for the virus.

Ok everyone, that’s it for today’s episode. Thank you for listening to 'LearnEnglish from Home. And if you’d like to give us feedback or leave a suggestion for future topics just send an email to:

learnenglish.mobile@britishcouncil.org and please, stay safe everyone.

Question

Answer the question below. Choose True or False in the coloum.

No Question

Choose the correct answer True False 1 There are seven different type of human

coronavirus in this world so far.

2 Covid-19 is the name of a disease

3 The virus that causes COVID-19 is actually SARS-COV-2

4 An epidemic is more widespread than a pandemic

5 A disease is considered a pandemic

6 WHO stand for World Health Organisation 7 In the case of COVID-19 they changed the

designation from epidemic to pandemic

8 Shaking hands and hugging are acceptable forms of social distancing

9 Quarantine for coronavirus ussually lasts for about two weeks

10 PPE stand for Persona Protective Equipment

Appendix C

TREATMENT A. Pengertian teks eksplanasi

Menurut Macmillan Dictionary, explanation is a description of how something works or of how to do something. Teks penjelasan adalah deskripsi tentang bagaimana sesuatu bekerja atau bagaimana melakukan sesuatu. Sedangkan menurut Vocabulary.com, explanation is a statement about how or why something is the way it is. Penjelasan adalah pernyataan tentang bagaimana atau mengapa sesuatu seperti itu. Jika disimpulkan, explanation text adalah jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang berisi tentang bagaimana atau mengapa sesuatu terjadi. Umumnya teks jenis ini menjelaskan tentang proses terjadinya sesuatu. Hal-hal yang dipaparkan dalam teks penjelasan berupa fenomena alam maupun sosial.

B. Struktur umum teks eksplanasi

Struktur umum dari explanation text adalah sebagai berikut:

General statement (pernyataan umum) Bagian ini menyebutkan fenomena apa yang akan dijelaskan. Sequenced explanation (penjelasan yang berurutan) Bagian ini menyebutkan rangkaian proses dari suatu kejadian.

C. Unsur kebahasaan teks eksplanasi

Beberapa ciri kebahasaan teks eksplanasi dalam bahasa Inggris adalah: Noun phrase, contoh blue color in the sky, the roasted beans, a brief transient sound, dan lain-lain. Action verbs, contoh produces, enters,

moves, dan lain-lain. Simple present tense, karena menjelaskan tentang fakta maka tense yang digunakan adalah present tense. Passive voice, passive voice digunakan ketika penjelasan fokus pada proses atau tindakannya, contohnya is produced, are fermented, is reflected, dan lain- lain.

D. Contoh teks eksplanasi

Berikut contoh teks eksplanasi dalam bahasa Inggris:

How rain is formed

Rain has both good and bad effect. Rain clears the air from pollution, it can also keep the plants green. However, too much rain can cause natural disaster such as floods and landslides. Do you know how rain is formed? There are many water source such as oceans, lakes, rivers, etc.

When the sun shines, the hot temperature will make the water evaporate.

This “vapor” then rises because the air (gas) flows from the high pressure to the low pressure places. When the vapor is in the sky, it cools and changes form as water. This condensed vapor will grow bigger into clouds.

The clouds are carried by the air. When the clouds becomes too heavy, the gravity will pull it down slowly. The water drops fall down and it becomes rain.

SCRIPT 1

Studying at Home

Hello, I m Tony Grant, the host of LearnEnglish Podcast s new series

"LearnEnglish from Home . This series features regular short podcasts to help those of you who have to stay at home because of Covid-19 to spend a little bit of time learning English every day.

In each episode we ll give a short talk on a theme, and during the talk I ll explore a few interesting words and phrases for you. For example, today in episode 3 I m going to give you a few tips on how to study at home, and while Im doing that, I ll be using a few body idioms - so let s see how many you can spot. Some of you are probably old hands at distance or online learning as they re often the preferred way to take a course these days. But those of you who were in the middle of a face to face course in college or at university will probably have a bit of adjusting to do from classroom to virtual learning. Here are a few ideas that might help you make the switch. Number one is to get organized. Try and give yourself a head start by finding out exactly how your classes are going to be delivered. Will they be live webinars that you have to watch at a fixed time, or will they be recorded to enable you to watch at a time that suits you? What platforms will your college use? Is there a discussion forum to leave questions? A helpdesk? A preferred chat platform for tutorials? Once you have all the key web pages and platforms, make a folder on your browser bookmark bar or on your desktop, and save all the shortcuts there. Use a google calendar to set alerts and an easy-to-use task

management platform like Trello to help you keep an eye on all your appointments and deadlines.

Next up, try not to multitask. Not everyone sees eye to eye on multitasking - some people think it s a positive skill whereas others feel it slows you down. But when it comes to getting your school work done quickly and efficiently, we re against it.

I know it s tempting when studying and working online to have one tab open for your projects and another open favourite social media or entertainment channel.

But this just means whatever you re doing will take twice as long, and your work will be prone to errors at the point where you were with your distracted. Maybe try sticking to one task, or monotasking, using the pomodoro method. This means you can reward yourself with five minutes on Facebook for every 25 minutes you spent focussed on your studies. Our next tip covers a few strategies for video lectures and webinars. If some of your classes are delivered to you by video, using Zoom or some other web-conferencing platform, do your best to attend the live event even if it is recorded for your convenience. Then you ll be able to make the most of the opportunity to ask questions, and also see the questions your peers ask. You can even have fun chatting to your friends about the lecture behind the scenes - it is surprising how much the little things like that help you keep your chin up! Also, it sa good idea to take some notes while you re listening, rather than relying on yourself to re-watch it later. Note-taking helps you process information more deeply so you re more likely to understand it and remember it later.

Finally, try and make a schedule and stick to it. You remember the things we suggested to help keep yourself healthy in body and mind in the last episode? Try and build your study schedule around those. Get up early and do 30 minutes of yoga before breakfast. Then spend the morning studying. Why not structure your studying like a High Intensity Interval Training workout? How about doing 4 pomodoros (each one 25 minutes of studying and then a five-minute break) and then take a longer break of an hour where you step away from your computer and refresh yourself with a completely different activity. Then have lunch and go back to your laptop and do another round of 4 pomodoros before another break.

Remember to take it easy on yourself though, no matter how diligent you are you need to let your hair down some days to help deal with the stress of trying to carry on with life while practising social distancing. Ok everyone, I hope these tips help you stay focussed on your online studies. Did you notice the body idioms in the talk? There were seven in total and they were: Old hands, face to face, a head start, keep an eye on, see eye to eye, keep your chin up, and let your hair down.

That s it for today s episode. Thank you 'LearnEnglish from Home. Andif you dlike to give us feedback or leave a suggestion for future topics just send an email to: learnenglish.mobile@britishcouncil.org and remember, stay safe for listening to everyone.

SCRIPT 2

Covid-19 Testing

Hello, Im Tony Grant, the host of LearnEnglish Podcast s new series

"LearnEnglish from Home . This series features regular short podcasts to help those of you who have to stay at home because of Covid-19 to spend a little bit of time learning English every day.

In each episode we ll give a short talk on a theme, and during the talk Ill explore a few interesting words and phrases for you. In the first series of 'LearnEnglish from Home we had two episodes exploring Covid-19 vocabulary. In episode 1 we looked at general vocabulary to do with the virus, and terms like epidemic, pandemic and quarantine.

In episode 12 we explored vocab related to the analysis of Covid-19 data and transmission. Today we re going to do a 3rd viral vocabulary episode and talk about Covid-19 testing. There dre currently two ways to test for Covid-19.

A viral test, also called a molecular test, which tells you have an infection now, and an antibody test, also called a serological test, which tells you if you have or have had an infection in the past. you if For doctors trying to discover if the sick person in front of them has Covid-19 the viral test is necessary, but they can also use scans and x-rays to look for lung damage.

The viral test for Covid-19 is not very pleasant because it involves poking a long stick with cotton on the end, called a swab, right into the back of the nose or the throat to collect mucus. This mucus is sent to the lab for analysis.

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