CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION
B. Discussion
1. The Activity of Problem Based Learning Strategy on English Learning at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar
Based on the data findings of problem based learning strategy used by teacher in teaching English of the students of SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar. The researcher found some the activities carried out by English teachers in the activity of learning English using problem-based learning strategy. There was dividing into groups of students, problem orientation, learning organization, individual or group investigations, problem development and investigation, analysis and evaluation of the problem solving process, and conclude the material.
1) Divide into groups of students
2) Problem orientation, the teacher presents real problems to students.
3) Learning organization, the teacher facilitates students to understand the real problems presented by identifying what they know, what needs to be done to solve the problem. Students share tasks to solve problems.
4) Individual or group investigations, at this stage the teacher guides students to collect data or information in the form of knowledge, concepts or theories through various ways to find alternative solutions to problems.
5) Development and investigation of problems, at this stage students compile reports on the results of problem solving, for example in the form of showing the results of solving problems in English with the help of an English teacher. The teacher guides students to determine the most appropriate problem solving.
6) Analysis and evaluation of the problem-solving process, the teacher facilitates students to reflect or evaluate the problem-solving process that is being carried out.
7) Summarizing the material, the teacher and students together conclude the material that has been studied
Based on this, it is in line with the steps of the problem based learning strategy put forward by David Johnson & Johnson in Sanjaya56,the activity of problem- based learning strategy with several steps, there are five steps to the problem- based learning strategy through group activities.
1) Defining the problem, namely formulating the problem of certain events that contain conflict issues, so that students become clear what problems will be studied. In this activity educators can ask students for opinions and explanations about hot issues that are interesting to solve;
2) Diagnosing problems, namely determining the causes of problems, as well as analyzing various factors, both factors that can inhibit and factors that can support problem solving;
3) Formulate alternative strategies, namely testing each action that has been formulated through class discussions. At this stage each student is motivated to give his opinion about the possibility of every action that can be taken;
4) Determining and implementing the preferred strategy, namely making decisions about which strategy can be implemented;
5) Perform evaluation, both evaluation process evaluation results. Process evaluation is an evaluation of all activities carried out while the evaluation of results is an evaluation of the results of implementing the implemented strategy.
In the activity of problem based learning strategies that are implemented in teaching and learning classes, students generally experience problems in being less responsive to the ongoing subject processes. This can be caused by students who lack interest in learning English, because in general there are two problems students have in pursuing English learning, namely the obstacle in the absence of interest in learning, the second obstacle in the lack of proficiency in English.
56 Sanjaya and Wina, Strategi Pembelajaran Beriorentasi Standar Proses Pendidikan.
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According to Sanjaya that students in implementing problem based learning strategies, students do not just listen, take notes, then memorize the subject matter, but also students actively think, communicate, search, and conclude.57 Therefore, this problem based learning strategy is suitable for English teachers to implement.
Problem Based Learning (PBL) strategy as a strategy in learning is very important in learning.58 Teachers use this learning strategy to make students know and understand well the lessons presented by their English teacher. This means that English teachers use many learning strategies for the convenience of student learning. One of them is by using the problem based learning strategy that is used by the teacher because it has a positive influence on students.
Teachers always use learning strategies by adjusting the conditions in student learning classes. In research conducted by Dr. Rusman, M.Pd, that teacher performance is very important and very decisive in the learning process, because for students teachers are often used as examples/role models, even become self- identification figures, therefore teachers should have adequate behavior and abilities to develop their students in an effective manner intact.59 This is done by the English teacher at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar in implementing learning strategies to increase student's interest and motivation in learning.
Use of problem based learning strategies is very helpful in the learning process and is quite effective for educators and students. This learning strategy is already familiar to students when the English learning process takes place. In English learning activities implementing a problem based learning strategy can improve the students' interest in learning English.
57 Sanjaya and Wina, Stretagi Pembelajaran Berorientasi Standar Proses Pendikan (Jakarta:
Kencana, 2006).
58 Saiful and others, ‘Problem Based Learning Strategy for Better Speaking Ability’, BATARA DIDI: English Language Journal, 1 (2022), 20–23.
59 Dr. Rusman M.Pd, Berorientasi Standar Proses Pendidikan, Pertama (Jakarta: Kencana, 2017).
Learning activities using problem based learning strategy activities can increase activeness, and in-depth understanding of the material, and improve communication. This learning activity is one of the solutions to the saturation of the learning process taking place, this can provoke a class atmosphere that was initially silent to live because each student is busy solving the problems that have been presented.
Based on the findings in this study, learning activities using problem-based learning strategies are expected to make learning English more effective for educators and students based on learning objectives regarding learning effectiveness. Objective motivates students, by developing students' insights, and active thinking, and gradually increasing communication in students' learn English as learning activities continue using the problem based learning strategy.
2. The English Teachers and Students Prespective of Problem Based Learning Strategy on English Learning at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar
The researchers interviewed the respondent's teachers and students at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar. Then the researcher found that the problem based learning strategy is effective for implementation by English teachers at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar. Based of the English teachers and students prespective.
According to one of the English teacher in SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar that the problem based learning strategy has been effectively implemented in English subjects. Because in the process of learning English by using a problem based learning strategy, students are motivated to be active in thinking and are motivated to express in learn English.
All English teachers say that this problem based learning strategy is effective to be implemented in English teaching and learning classes. There were English
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teachers who said that some students were active in participating in learning English with this strategy, but there were also students who were less able to understand because their background did not have basic English or had never studied English before. And other English teachers say that students who don't have basic English can mingle by themselves in an active classroom environment and that can make students able to learn English well.
One of the English teachers said that there were students' obstacles/barriers in learning English by using a problem based learning strategy based on the teacher's teaching experience. The problem for less active students is that they don't have basic English at all. Based on the interview prespective, this problem-based learning strategy has been effective and for students who do not have the basics, they will also gradually become capable because of the influence of the active student class environment from those who are not used to being accustomed so that it influences students.
It has been known that the effect of problem-based learning strategy is based on the results of prespective interviews with English teachers. To find out more about the influence of problem based learning strategies, it is necessary to know students' opinions about how the influence are felt by implementing this problem based learning strategy.
The opinion of students about the problem based learning strategy in English learning use by their English teacher. From the results of the prespective interview above it is known that students have understood and are aware of the learning that is being followed in English subjects, that the English teacher uses a learning strategy that is problem-based learning and this strategy is already familiar to the student's environment.
Problem based learning strategy can be well received by students because of the teacher's way of teaching which is easy to understand and detailed during the material explanation process. So that students easily grasp the material explained by the teacher himself. Students at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar also experienced an increase in students speaking abilities. This is based on the results of the following prespective interviews.
According to one of the English teacher that in the process of teaching and learning using problem based learning strategies students are required to get used to using English. The students' interest in learning English has increased because of demands by the learning rules of one of the students' English teachers, where in the learning process class students are required to get used to speaking English.
This is relevant to the results of an interview with an English teacher with the opinions of students at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar.
In Waldopo's research, he said that the benefits of problem-based learning strategies are that they can train students, both individually and in groups so that they are accustomed to active learning.60 Based on the results of interviews regarding the benefits felt by students that they have realized that by implementing a problem based learning strategy, it is beneficial for students because students can think actively and improve their English speaking skills. Then, the following discusses students' opinions regarding the continuity of the English learning process with this problem based learning strategy.
Students who do not have basic English can improve their English learning due to the influence of the classroom environment and also the rules for learning English classes have been set for learning English. This fits with the expression of one English teacher, that according to Mr. Mansur, S.Pd who is an English teacher
60 Waldopo, ‘Problem-Based Learning, An Instructional Strategy In Preparing Student’s Autonomy’, Jurnal Teknodik, XVI (2012), 300.
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at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar, for students who experience learning difficulties, generally because students do not have basic English, students can interact independently with the learning process taking place, because there is influence from the environment of friends who have basic English and learning demands from the English teacher alone.
Students who like challenges will be more interested in the problem based learning strategy implemented by their English teacher. Students are aware that the development of their knowledge is increasing from not knowing at all to knowing even that, little by little. Students' interest in learning English has increased to learn more in English because by implementing this problem based learning strategy students are challenged and also motivated to learn English. Students hope that their teachers will add creativity to teaching by using this problem based learning strategy.
From all research respondents, it was found that this problem based learning strategy was influence for students' in learning English at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar. This is based on the results of interviews with all English teachers and students of class XI Mipa 1.
Assessment is carried out on learning English with problem based learning strategies, namely by looking at the development of learning English, especially looking at the development of their thinking, understanding, and communication in learn English they have. The assessment activity is that when learning English is taking place, it will be seen how the class conditions and student activities are in learning by implementing this problem based learning strategy. The implementation of learning strategies in the process of teaching and learning activities is certainly based on the success of learning to be achieved.
Success in learning is also influenced by the facilities owned by the school.
Complete and adequate facilities will make students enthusiastic about learning and easy to understand learning material so they can get good grades. Facilities that are lacking or even non-existent will also hurt student learning outcomes.61 As a facility, the teacher uses learning strategies in the learning process to achieve the goals of student learning outcomes, namely effective learning.
Effective learning is learning that can produce learning that is useful and focused on students through the use of appropriate procedures.62 In this statement, it can be interpreted that ineffective learning the activities that occur are the occurrence of learning in students and what educators do to teach their students.
Teachers always try to understand the condition/state of the student class by using problem based learning strategies as a learning strategy. In the learning process, the abilities of students vary, some students quickly understand lessons, and some students are less responsive in the process of learning activities, especially in learning English. For students who experience problems that are not fast in understanding the material, this is generally because they do not have basic English. So for students' problems in learning English or those who do not have the basics, it is recommended to study more so that they can produce good learning results as well.
Learning outcomes are abilities that students acquire through learning activities. In another sense, learning outcomes are patterns of behavior, values, notions, attitudes, appreciation, and skills. Learning itself is a process of someone trying to obtain a relatively permanent form of behavior change.63 Student learning
61 Ivyletine Datu Palittin, Wihelmus Wolo, and Ratna Purwanti, ‘Hubungan Motivasi Dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa’, 6 (2019), 101–9.
62 Miarso and Yusufhadi, Menyemai Benih Teknologi Pendidikan (Jakarta: Kencana, 2004).
63 Sudirman A, M, Interaksi Dan Motivasi Belajar Mengajar (Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2007).
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outcomes are one of the goals that must be achieved by using a problem based learning strategy in the English subject of a learning activity.
Based on the findings in the Problem Based Learning Strategy research on English learning, learning activities with Problem Based Learning strategies have been effectively implemented in learning English subjects. Students experienced a slight increase in learning English. This is based on the results of the prespective interviews with respondents, both prespective interviews with English teachers and students at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar.
42 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the researcher put forward the following conclusions:
1. In problem-based learning strategies in class activities carried out by English teachers at SMAN 1 Wonomulyo Polewali Mandar by dividing students into groups, problem orientation, learning organization, individual or group investigations, problem development and investigation, process analysis and evaluation solving problems, and concluding the material.
2. The researcher found that the perceptions of English teachers and students regarding problem-based learning strategies in learning English were that students not only understood, listened to, memorized the subject matter, and were active in thinking, but students were also active in communicating using English so that it would produce students who have good English learning.
Students who are less responsive in terms of being able to adapt and even improve their communication in learning English are assisted by their classroom environment or their peers or their English teacher.
B. Suggestion
Based on the research, the researcher gives some suggestions as follows:
1. The teacher must remain active in increasing his creativity in carrying out the teaching and learning process so that he can turn on student learning well and
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be fun for students, so that student's interest in learning can increase properly, especially in learning English to improve the increase interest in learning.
Choosing a problem-based learning strategy as learning strategy that is always used in the teaching process, can produce students who are smart and understand English well.
2. The results obtained from several references and other supporting materials are expected to provide broader insights to future teacher candidates.
Prospective teachers are people who can influence students in the learning process. Teaching using a problem based learning strategy has a positive or very good impact on students and also teachers. It would be nice to increase the creativity of teaching teachers in today's era so that they can produce students who are intelligent in the future.
I
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