CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
B. Discussions
Table 4.3 Function of Interjection
No Interjection Functions of Interjection Frequency
Referential Emotive Conative Phatic Metalingual Poetic
1 Oh my God! 4
2 Oh my
Goodness!
1
3 Thank God! 3
4 Sshh! 2
5 Yups! 2
6 Wow! 6
7 Aha! 1
8 Oops! 4
9 Sorry! 1
10 Ouch! 2
11 Shut Up! 1
interjections are little words or non-words which can stand on its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective etc while Secondary interjections are those words which have independent semantic values but can be used conventionally as utterances by themselves to express a mental attitude or state. The following is the discussion of interjection types that are found in students‟ conversation script.
1) Types of Interjection in Data 1
Based on the data 1 in findings we can see that there are 1 interjection Wow! and 1 interjection Thank God! are found in students‟ conversation. Data 1 described about conversation between Angga and Bima. Angga asked Bima‟s opinion about his new haircut. interjection Wow! in the data means that Bima feels amazed with Angga‟s new haircut while interjection Thank God!
in the data is Angga‟s response about Bima‟s opinion. It also means that Angga feel relief because he thought that his new haircut will be looked weird but it did not.
Interjection Wow! in the conversation can be determined as primary interjection because it is a little word or non-words which can stand its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. it is related with the previous research, Yuliana (2013) in her research entitled
“Interjection in English Comic Books Scooby-Doo Where Are You” that found that interjection Wow! is a primary interjection because it is a little word which is not include in any words classes and it can stand on its own. Then, Interjection Thank God! in the conversation can be determined as secondary interjection because it has multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled
“Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Thank God! and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act.
2) Types of Interjection in Data 2
Based on the data 2 in findings, it found 2 interjection Wow!, 1 interjection Sshh!, 1 interjection Oops! and 1 Interjection Yups!. Data 2 described about conversation between Nabiel and Ikram. Nabiel asked Ikram‟s opinion about independence day‟s celebration. Interjection Wow! appear twice in conversation. the first, interjection Wow! that said by Ikram. It expressed Ikram‟s opinion about independence‟ day celebration. Ikram feel impressed about it. The second interjection Wow! is from Nabiel. It expressed Nabiel‟s
respond about competition that held as independence‟ day celebration. It also expressed that Nabiel feel good that Ikram joined in that competition. Interjection Sshh! in conversation means that Ikram want Nabiel to be silence because he lost in the competition. Next is interjection Oops! in conversation means that Nabiel will be silence and will not tell anyone else.
The last is interjection Yups! that expressed Nabil respond after Nabiel gave support.
Interjection Wow!, Sshh!, Oops!, and Yups! can be determined as primary interjection because all of them are little words or non-words which can stand on its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. It is related with the previous research by Yuniarty (2018) that found those interjection in students conversation and determined it as primary interjection because it can stand on its own.
3) Interjection Types in Data 3
Based on the data 3 in findings, it shown 1 interjection Oh my God! and 1 interjection Yups!. Data 3 described about conversation between Septian and Ahmad. Septian tell Ahmad that there is a death body is found in Tello river. Interjection Oh my God! is said by Ahmad to expressed his feeling about
Septian‟s story that said there is a man who assume has killed and his body is found in Tello river. Then, interjection Yups!
that said by Septian means that he agreed with Ahmad‟s opinion about the death body that is found in Tello river.
Interjection Oh my God! in conversation can be determined as secondary interjection because it has multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled
“Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Oh my God! and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act while interjection Yups! can be determined as primary interjection because interjection because it is a little word or non-words which can stand its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. it is related with the previous research, Yuliana (2013) in her research entitled “Interjection in English Comic Books Scooby-Doo Where Are You” that found that interjection Yups! is a primary interjection because it is a little word which is not include in any words classes and it can stand on its own.
4) Types of Interjection in Data 4
Based on the data 4 in findings, it can be seen that there are 1 interjection Ouch!, 1 interjection Aha! and 1 interjection Wow! are found in conversation. Data 4 describe about conversation between Aulia and Siska. Aulia asked about Siska‟s plan in the weekend. Interjection Ouch! In conversation said by Aulia to expressed her feeling after Siska said that she don‟t have a plan yet in the weekend. Then, interjection Aha! that said by Siska to expressed that she get an idea. The last is interjection Wow! that said by Aulia to expressed that she totally agree with Siska‟s idea to go to Tope Jawa in the weekend.
Interjection Ouch!, Aha! and Wow! can be determined as primary interjection because all of them are a little words or non-words which can stand on its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. It is related with the previous research by Yuniarty (2018) that found those interjection in students‟ conversation and determined it as primary interjection because it can stand on its own.
5) Types of Interjection in Data 5
Based on the data 5 in findings, it shown 1 interjection Wow! and 1 interjection Shut up! that found in students‟
conversation. Data 5 described about conversation between Anwar and Rifai. Anwar asked Rifai‟s opinion about independence ceremony. Interjection Wow! that said by Rifai to express his opinion about independence ceremony. it expressed that Rifai feel amazed with it while interjection Shut up! that said by Anwar to ask Rifai to be silence because he don‟t like what Rifai said.
Interjection Wow! in the conversation can be determined as primary interjection because it is a little word or non-words which can stand its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. it is related with the previous research, Yuliana (2013) in her research entitled “Interjection in English Comic Books Scooby-Doo Where Are You” that found that interjection Wow! is a primary interjection because it is a little word which is not include in any words classes and it can stand on its own. Then, Interjection Shut up! in the conversation can be determined as secondary interjection because it has multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental
act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled “Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Shut Up! and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act.
6) Types of Interjection in Data 6
Based on the data 6 in findings, it can be seen that there is only 1 interjection is found in conversation. It is interjection Oh my God!. Data 6 described about conversation between Rahmat and Janwar. Rahmat tell Janwar that his neighbour passed away. Interjection Oh my God! that said by Janwar to tell Rahmat that he feel sorry to hear that Rahmat‟s neighbour passed away.
Interjection Oh my God! in conversation can be determined as secondary interjection because it has multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled
“Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Oh my God! and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act.
7) Types of Interjection in Data 7
Based on the data 7 in findings, it found 1 interjection Oh my Goodness!, 1 interjection Oh my God!, and 1 interjection Oops! in students conversation. Data 7 described about conversation between Akif and Eda. Akif tell Eda about their homework but Eda forget to finish it. Interjection Oh my Goodness! that said by Akif to express his unbelieve that Eda forget that they have a homework. Then, interjection Oh my God! that said by Eda to express his feeling because she forgets that they have a homework. The last is interjection Oops! that said by Akif to mock Eda because she forgets that they have a homework.
Interjection Oh my Goodness! and interjection Oh my God! can be determined as secondary interjection because these interjections have multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled “Interjection in Students Conversation” that found those interjection and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act.
8) Types of Interjection in Data 8
Based on the data 8 in findings, it found 1 interjection Oh my God! and 1 interjection Thank God! in students‟
conversation. Data 8 described about conversation between Rina and Sasmita. Rina tell Sasmita that Angga got an accident. Interjection Oh my God! that said by Sasmita to express her shocked about what Rina said that Angga got an accident while interjection Thank God! that also said by Sasmita to express her relief to know that Angga is just fine.
Interjection Oh my God! and interjection Thank God! that found in conversation can be determined as secondary interjection because these interjections have multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled
“Interjection in Students Conversation” that found those interjection and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act.
9) Types of Interjection in Data 9
Based on the data 9 in findings, it can be seen that there are 1 interjection Wow! and 1 interjection Yups! are found in students‟ conversation. Data 9 described about conversation
between Fajar and Rahmi. Fajar give a birthday invitation to Rahmi and ask her to join in that party. Interjection Wow! that said by Rahmi to express her surprise because Fajar gave her an invitation while interjection Yups! that said by Fajar is to answer and give stressing that he will do a birthday party.
Interjection Wow! and interjection Yups! can be determined as primary interjection because all of them are a little words or non-words which can stand on its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. It is related with the previous research by Yuniarty (2018) that found those interjection in students‟
conversation and determined it as primary interjection because it can stand on its own.
10) Types of Interjection in Data 10
Based on the data 10 in findings, it can bee seen that there are 1 interjection Ouch! and 1 interjection Thank God! found in students‟ conversation. Data 10 described about conversation between Harti and Tika. Harti asked Tika why she did not come to school yesterday. Interjection Ouch! that Harti said is to express her feeling after Tika said that she did not come to school yesterday because she was sick while
interjection Thank God! that also said by Harti to express that she feel relief because Tika already fine.
Interjection Ouch! in the conversation can be determined as primary interjection because it is a little word or non-words which can stand its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. it is related with the previous research, Yuliana (2013) in her research entitled “Interjection in English Comic Books Scooby-Doo Where Are You” that found that interjection Ouch! is a primary interjection because it is a little word which is not include in any words classes and it can stand on its own. Then, Interjection Thank God! in the conversation can be determined as secondary interjection because it has multiword expression, phrases, which can be free utterance unit and refer to mental act. If we compare with the previous research, it is related with Yuniarty (2018) in her research entitled
“Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Thank God! and determined it as secondary interjection because it refers to mental act.
11) Types of Interjection in Data 11
Based on the data 11 in findings, it shown 1 interjection Sshh! and 1 interjection Oops! in students‟ conversation. Data 11 described about conversation between Kinta and Andira.
Kinta asked Andira‟s opinion about students college that do
“magang 3” in their school. Interjection Sshh! that Kinta said is to tell Andira to be silence because she afraid their conversation will be heard by anyone else while interjection Oops! that said by Andira to respond Kinta that has asked her to be silence.
Interjection Sshh! and interjection Oops! that found in conversation can be determined as primary interjection because because all of them are a little words or non-words which can stand on its own and do not normally include in other word classes such verb, noun, adjective and etc. It is related with the previous research by Yuniarty (2018) that found those interjection in students‟ conversation and determined it as primary interjection because it can stand on its own.
e. Classifications of Interjection
According to Ameka, interjection can be classified into three classifications. Those are expressive interjection, conative interjection and phatic interjection. Expressive interjections are vocal gestures
which are symptoms of the speakers‟ mental state, that express the speakers‟ state with respect to the emotion and sensation they have at the same time and to pertain to the state of knowledge and thoughts of the speakers‟ at the time of the utterance. Conative interjections are those expression which are directed at an auditor. They are either aimed at getting someone‟s attention or they demand on action or response from. Phatic interjections are used in the establishment and maintenance of communicative contact. A variety of conventional vocalizations, which express a speakers‟ mental attitude towards the ongoing discourse, that is back channelling or feedback signalling vocalizations, may be classified as phatic interjection.
1) Classification of Interjection in Data 1
Based on the data 1 in findings we can see that there are 1 interjection Wow! and 1 interjection Thank God! are found in students‟ conversation. Data 1 described about conversation between Angga and Bima. Angga asked Bima‟s opinion about his new haircut. interjection Wow! in the data means that Bima feels amazed with Angga‟s new haircut while interjection Thank God!
in the data is Angga‟s response about Bima‟s opinion. It also means that Angga feel relief because he thought that his new haircut will be looked weird but it did not.
Interjection Wow! and interjection Thank God! in conversation can be determined as expressive interjection because it is a vocal gestures which are symptoms of the speakers‟ mental state and it express the speakers‟ state with respect to the emotions and sensations they have at the time and it is relate with the previous research by Anggoro (2013) in his research entitled
“Interjection in English Comic Books” that found interjection Wow! and then classified it as expressive interjection because it expressed amazed feeling. He also found interjection Thank God!
and classified it as expressive interjection because it shows relief.
2) Classification of Interjection in Data 2
Based on the data 2 in findings, it found 2 interjection Wow!, 1 interjection Sshh!, 1 interjection Oops! and 1 Interjection Yups!. Data 2 described about conversation between Nabiel and Ikram. Nabiel asked Ikram‟s opinion about independence day‟s celebration.
Interjection Wow! appear twice in conversation. the first, interjection Wow! that said by Ikram. It expressed Ikram‟s opinion about independence‟ day celebration. Ikram feel impressed about it. The second interjection Wow! is from Nabiel. It expressed Nabiel‟s
respond about competition that held as independence‟ day celebration.
It also expressed that Nabiel feel good that Ikram joined in that competition. Interjection Sshh! in conversation means that Ikram want Nabiel to be silence because he lost in the competition. Next is interjection Oops! in conversation means that Nabiel will be silence and will not tell anyone else. The last is interjection Yups! that expressed Nabil respond after Nabiel gave support.
Interjection Wow! and interjection Oops! can be determined as expressive interjection because it is a vocal gestures which are symptoms of the speakers‟ mental state and it express the speakers‟
state with respect to the emotions and sensations they have at the time and it is relate with the previous research by Yuniarti (2018) in her research entitled “Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Wow! and classified it as expressive interjection because it expresses amazement and also she found interjection Oops! and classified it as expressive interjection because it expresses something like mock. Then, interjection Sshh! can be determined as conative interjection because it aimed at getting someone‟s attention or they demand on action or response from someone of a speakers‟ want.
Based on the previous research by Yuniarty (2018), interjection Sshh!
can be determined as conative interjection because it is to point that
someone who are they talking about will come. The last is interjection Yups! that can be determined as phatic interjection because it is a variety of conventional vocalization, which express a speakers‟ mental attitude towards the ongoing, discourse, that is back channelling, or feedback signalling vocalization.
3) Classification of Interjection in Data 3
Based on the data 3 in findings, it shown 1 interjection Oh my God! and 1 interjection Yups!. Data 3 described about conversation between Septian and Ahmad. Septian tell Ahmad that there is a death body is found in Tello river. Interjection Oh my God! is said by Ahmad to expressed his feeling about Septian‟s story that said there is a man who assume has killed and his body is found in Tello river. Then, interjection Yups! that said by Septian means that he agreed with Ahmad‟s opinion about the death body that is found in Tello river.
Interjection Oh my God! in conversation can be determined as expressive interjection because it express the speakers‟ state with respect to the emotions and sensations they have at the time and it is relate with the previous research by Yuniarti (2018) in her research entitled “Interjection in Students Conversation” that found interjection Oh my God! and classified