CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
C. Film
1) Definition of Film
In light of the word, film (film) comes from the word cinematographie which implies film (movement), though or phytos (light) and graphie or grhap (composing, picture, picture). So it very well may be deciphered that film is showing movement with light Painting the movement with light utilizing unique devices, frequently utilized is the camera. One more meaning of film, in particular, film is the consequence of a masterpiece that has culmination of a few components of craftsmanship to supplement the necessities of an otherworldly sort. Components of craftsmanship that exist and backing a film, including expressive arts, photography, design,
dance, verse, writing, theater, music, pantonym and books. As indicated by Effendi (Puspasari, N., & Suwardi, 2016), film is a social item and a method for imaginative articulation. Motion pictures as Mass correspondence is a blend of different innovations like photography and recording sound, expressive arts and theater expressions, writing and design as well as melodic expressions. In the mean time, as per the KBBI (Big Indonesian Dictionary), the meaning of film as per the KBBI is a film a slender layer made of celluloid for a negative picture (which will be made a representation) or for a positive picture place (which will be played in the film).
2) The use of Film as Learning Resources
According to the diagram in Munir (Munir, 2016), by listening and seeing at once, it will be easier for students to learn than to see or hear it.
Audiovisual media is one of the media following the opinion. Audiovisual media learning will be more successful than audio or visual media learning alone. It's because sound and images are used by the audiovisual media so that they are more interesting and the effects are better. The information entered through two human senses is, after all the eyes and ears.
One of the learning media that can stimulate students' creativity and attract their interest is film. The film is an audiovisual media with beautiful sound effects and moving images that can build someone to see it comfortably (Faradinna, 2018). Films bring many advantages to the learning process. The most beneficial thing about cinema is it can make students more enjoyable while studying. They can also focus and keep on their task to develop their ability through the learning process. It is also an excellent way to get students' attention to the lessons (Lestiyanawati, 2011).
Based on an article written by Tan (Tan, 2007) films can stimulate critical thinking in language instruction in many different ways because films serve setting, plot, and culture, including a lot of mysterious things.
Hence, it makes the viewer try to think of possibilities that might happen.
Lestiyanawati (2011) in her study, concluded that the strategy of using
documentary films in BBC VCD could be the strategy that helps the students solve their problems in writing reports. The media enable the students to engage in the instructional process actively. Furthermore, the media can give students more information and improve their ability to build an idea to write. As an educational instrument, the films may or may not provide a high pedagogical potential. It is easier for either a child or an adult to capture conveyed information and messages using audiovisual stimuli. The film helps the teacher to break the traditional model of class based on the theoretical and abstract exposition of contents, serving whether to display more or less explicit content, as to illustrate concepts, demonstrate experience, and reflect on them (Moura, A., Cachadinha, M., & Almeida, 2017).
3) The benefits of film as a learning medium
Watching is a fun act. That's the reason for learning the language English by watching movies is more fun than learning through books. Not only that, watching movies also offers other things that are not in the book.
For example only elocution (articulation) and emphasis (highlight) methods.
In addition, the film shows visuals also as a voice that can make it easier for us to learn English.
The benefits that will be obtained in watching movies to further develop skills in Indonesian, for example (Zaidah, 2022):
a) It's fun to learn with film techniques
Learning English by reading books can be tiring and exhausting. this problem unique when it comes to watching movies. Watching is a stupid and interesting act so it can cause us to feel that we are not learning. Since The fun thing is, watching movies can also inspire us to learn more through movies often and definitely.
b) The motivation behind why watching movies is a method for learning English is a film that gives us examples of the use of English in the background sincere. When we learn English words, sometimes it's hard to remember them significance or use. Movies can help us recall the
importance and use of words because film provides setting and usage.
Movies also provide models the use of English in daily discussions spoken directly by local British residents speakers (local English speakers). In this way, we can quickly get used to the expression and typical statements in English along with how to articulate them. The capacities that we can develop in learning through film media are listening skills, speaking skills, jargon and articulation