APPENDIX
Appendix 5. Mitigation actions for forest and other land use change sector
No Description of the mitigation actions Methodologies and assumptions Objectives
Steps taken or envisaged to achieve that
action
Progress of implementation and underlying steps taken
or envisaged
Results achieved
Information on international
market mechanisms 1. Reduction of deforestation rate is a
national mitigation action to prevent the conversion of natural forests to non-forests. Land clearance will release CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. The decrease in the deforestation rate will directly reduce the GHG emissions The target of emission reduction in 2020 and 2030 using the 29%
scenario are 146,603 Gg CO2e and 114,687 Gg CO2e, respectively.
Indicator of progress: reduce percentage of converted forests
Established baseline: the baseline is calculated using a historical approach based on the average rate of deforestation of natural forests that occurred during the period 1990-2012.
The calculation of deforestation used is gross deforestation Achievement of emission reduction is calculated by comparing baseline emissions with actual emissions that generated in the reporting year.
Prevent deforestation due to permanent conversion of natural forest land to non- forest.
The steps taken by the Government of Indonesia in preventing deforestation include: a).
Moratorium on primary natural and peat forest policies that have been extended every 2 years. b).
Development of a social forestry program to improve access to forest
management by the community.
In period 2014-2015, 2015-2016, the rate of deforestation decreased from 1.09 million ha to 0.63 million ha.
Target of social forestry scheme is 12.7 million ha, the social forestry area until 2016 amounted to 636,567.87 ha.
In 2015 and 2016: the national emission reduction from deforestation was 61,107,625 tonnes CO2e and 14,365,053 tons CO2e
respectively.
N/A
2. Reduction in the number of hotspots through peat fires controls in several fire-prone areas. These activities will indirectly reduce the GHG CO2
emissions
Indicator of progress: reduce number of hotspot in several peat areas in Indonesia
The baseline methodology used modelling on the AFOLU dashboard application concerning historical emissions that occurred during the period 2000-2012
The emission reduction methodology was obtained by comparing the NDC baseline with actual emissions due to peat fires.
Reducing the level of disturbance on peatlands and reducing the source of fire triggers so that the risk of fire is low
These activities can be carried out through various efforts such as blackout
operations, forest patrol, peat restoration and land clearing without burning.
These activities can indirectly reduce the number of hotspots.
Starting from 2015 to 2017 the number has decreased by 70,971;
2,844 and 2,440. from 2016 to 2016 decreased by 61.8% and from 2015-2016 decreased by 93.6%
In 2015 and 2016 the achievement of national emission reductions from peat fire control amounted to- 549,439,984 CO2e and 163,131 tons CO2e, respectively.
N/A
SECOND BIENNIAL UPDATE REPORT A-20
No Description of the mitigation actions Methodologies and assumptions Objectives
Steps taken or envisaged to achieve that
action
Progress of implementation and underlying steps taken
or envisaged
Results achieved
Information on international
market mechanisms 3. Restoration of peatlands is the
systematic attempt to return the function of the peat ecosystem to its previous state. The central
government, private sector, local government, and the community can carry out such activities, which will indirectly reduce the GHG CO2
emissions in forest sector.
Emission reduction targets for the 29% scenario in 2020 and 2030 are 4,049 Gg CO2e and 6,779 Gg CO2e, respectively.
Indicator of progress: the restored function of peat as water storage and growing media for plants and plants’ diversity.
The baseline methodology uses modelling on the AFOLU dashboard application based on the average peat decomposition that occurred during the period 1990-2012.
Methodology: Supplementary Guidelines 2013 for Wetland.
Assumption: The condition of the water level is increased and leads to a lower level of decomposition.
Restoring the peat ecosystem as before
Peat restoration through rewetting activities, among others, the construction of canal blocks, construction of drill wells and ponds.
Until the end of 2016, peat restoration priorities covered a total of 2,492,527 hectares, which have been mapped;
36 concession holders have been assigned, across the Provinces of South Sumatra, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, Riau and Jambi for peat restoration totalling to 650,389 hectares or 26% of the whole peat restoration area
In 2015 and 2016 national emission reduction achievements from peat restoration amounted to - 24,293,823 tons CO2e and - 27,537,955 tons CO2e
respectively.
N/A
4. Forest and Land Rehabilitation is the effort to restore forests and land areas through planting, reforestation or land reclamation activities. These activities will indirectly reduce the GHG CO2 emissions in forest sector Emission reduction targets for the 29% scenario in 2020 and 2030 are - 590 Gg CO2e and 3.641 Gg CO2e, respectively.
Indicators of progress: increase forest and land cover index
Baseline: the average area of rehabilitated lands in 1990-2012 assuming the survival rates are 21% (2013-2020) and 23% (2021- 2030), and increment of 21 m3/ha/year.
Calculated based on the differences in absorption between the actual and the baseline uptake
Improved conditions of critical lands to function optimally and to protect nature and its environment
Land rehabilitation efforts through critical land rehabilitation, watershed rehabilitation, construction of community seed gardens (KBR), rehabilitation of community forests, and reclamation of former mining areas
The total forest and land rehabilitated in 2015, 2016 and 2017 were:
200,447 Ha, 198,346 Ha and 200,990 Ha, respectively:
i. Land rehabilitation in Protection Forest in 2015 and 2016 were 10,516 Ha and 7,067 Ha respectively;
ii. Urban forests in 2015 and 2016 were 240 Ha and 215 Ha respectively;
iii. Mangroves in 2015 and 2016 were 481
In 2015 and 2016 national emission reduction achievements from forest and land
rehabilitation amounted to 1,630,270 tons CO2e 2,375,892 tons CO2e
N/A
APPENDIX A-21
No Description of the mitigation actions Methodologies and assumptions Objectives
Steps taken or envisaged to achieve that
action
Progress of implementation and underlying steps taken
or envisaged
Results achieved
Information on international
market mechanisms ha and 497 ha
respectively;
iv. the seeds of the people in 2015 and 2016 were
respectively 189,218 Ha and 28,569 Ha;
v. agroforestry in 2015 and 2016: 7,624 ha and 13,416 ha respectively 5. Sustainable Forest Management is
the management of forest in accordance with the principles of sustainable development for social, economic and environmental interests. These activities are indirectly able to reduce forest sector GHG CO2 emissions;
Emission reduction targets for the scenario of 29% in 2020 and 2030 are -18.667 Gg CO2e and -43.830 Gg CO2e, respectively;
Indicators of progress:
implementation of the three principles of sustainable forest management, i.e., economic, social and environmental development.
The baseline methodology uses modelling on the AFOLU dashboard application;
Calculated based on the differences in absorption between actual and baseline uptake;
The emission reduction methodology was obtained by comparing the NDC baseline with actual emissions
Reducing the level of forest stands damage and promoting better forest regeneration thereby reducing degradation.
Sustainable forest management is carried out through efforts such as: RIL (Reduce Impact Logging), Strengthening the Timber Production System in Natural Forests (TPTI, TPTJ and others), Timber Legality Verification System (SVLK)
Regulations issued:
Regulation of Director General of Sustainable Production Forest Management Number P.15 / PHPL / PPHH / HPL.3 / 8/2016 concerning Amendment to Regulation of Director General of Sustainable Production Forest Management Number P.14 / PHPL / SET / 4/2016 concerning Implementation Standards and
Guidelines Performance Assessment of
Sustainable Production Forest Management (PHPL) and Timber Legality Verification (VLK).
N/A N/A
SECOND BIENNIAL UPDATE REPORT A-22
No Description of the mitigation actions Methodologies and assumptions Objectives
Steps taken or envisaged to achieve that
action
Progress of implementation and underlying steps taken
or envisaged
Results achieved
Information on international
market mechanisms Minister of Environment
and Forestry Regulation Number P.30 / MenLHK / Setjen / PHPL.3 / 3/2016 concerning Assessment of Performance of Sustainable Production Forest Management and Verification of Timber Legality for License Holders, Management Rights, or in Private Forests
APPENDIX A-23