CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
D. Instrument of the Research
The researcher collected the data by used documentation and questionnaire as the instruments of data collection.
1.Documentation
In this research, documentation used to know the student scores of the fourth semester at English program IAIN Parepare. Documentation used to
determine the achievement of students during this pandemic time. Then the students score data is taken from student academic at tarbiyah faculty IAIN Parepare.
2.Questionnaire
Questionnaire is one of supporting techniques that researcher aims to know the students’ anxiety in pandemic time of English program at IAIN Parepare. Spreading questionnaire to the students was a great way to get information about the students’ anxiety in pandemic time. This questionnaire consists of 20 questions that need to be answered honest according what their think about it. In this instrument the students answered the alternative questioners that delivered by researcher and the data from the questionnaire aim to answer the research questionnaire about the impact of pandemic toward student’s Achievement and anxiety.
E. Procedure of Collecting the Data
Questionnaire Form, giving questionnaire to the students was a good way to get information about students’ responses toward the students’ anxiety in pandemic time, data followed the application of Google form, by avoiding face to face to the students. The researcher shared the link of the form and the students answered based on the student's anxiety in pandemic time.
F. Technique of Data Analysis 1. Questionnaire
Analysis of Questionnaire, questionnaire is one of supporting techniques that researcher aims to identify students’ perception, responses, opinion, problem. In this test, the form of questionnaire closes with the alternative answer that has been chosen by the students. Students had chosen only the best
24
answers which were suitable to themselves. In analyzing the students’
response, the writer used formula.
∑x N Where,
X = Mean Score
∑x= The Sum of The All Score N= The Total Number of Sample.41 The Formula of Likert Scale as follow:
Table 3.1 The Scale Likert below:
POSITIVE STATEMENT NEGATIVE STATEMENT
Category Score Category Score
Strongly Agree (SA) 5 Strongly Agree (SA) 1
Agree (A) 4 Agree (A) 2
Neutral (N) 3 Neutral (N) 3
Disagree (D) 2 Disagree (D) 4
Strongly Disagree (SD) 1 Strongly Disagree (SD) 5 The following is the interpretation score of the category:
Table 3.2 the Classification of the student’s response based on thecriteria:
NO. Qualification Interval
1 Very Strong
(VS)
81% - 100%
2 Strong (S) 61% - 80%
3 Neutral (N) 41% - 60%
4 Low (L) 21% - 40%
5 Strongly Low
(SL)
0% - 20%42
41Sukardi, Methodology penelitian pendidikan kompetensi dan praktiknya, (Jakarta:
PT. Bumi Aksara, 2004), p. 88.
42Subagyo.Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Bandung:Penerbit Alfabeta,2010), p.135.
X
=For the last steps, there is drawing the conclusion from the data collected thought questionnaire, the researcher made a valid conclusion from the analysis that consists of description of the result research. Questionnaire should convert into description about the students’ achievement and anxiety in pandemic covid-19.
2.Achievement
In analyzing the students’ score achievement before and after covid-19 pandemic, the writer used formula:
∑x N Where,
X = Mean Score
∑x= The Sum of The All Score N= The Total Number of Sample.43
43Sukardi, Methodology penelitian pendidikan kompetensi dan praktiknya, (Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara, 2004), p. 88.
X
=26
CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter consists of two parts, the part deals with the finding of the research and the discussion of the research finding. The finding of the research cover description of the result of the data collected thought spread questionnaire by using Google form that can be discussed in the below.
A. Findings
In this section, the findings attained thought the quantitative data collection procedure will be presented. They were discussed with regard to the answer supplied to the research questions of the study.
1. The Result of the Questionnaire of Students Anxiety in Pandemic Covid-19.
In this section shows the result of the statement, there are 20 items consist of 10 negative statements and 10 positive statements for more clear shows below:
Table item number 1 (I am afraid of learning English online during the covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table:
Table 4.1 Item number 1
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 2 2
2 Agree 2 13 26
3 Neutral 3 8 24
4 Disagree 4 7 28
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 80
The result above show that there are 2 students that strongly agree, 13 students agree, 8 students neutral and 7 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 80
150 × 100 = 53, 3 %, 80 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 2 (I feel happy about learning English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.2 item number 2
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 0 0
2 Agree 4 6 24
3 Neutral 3 13 39
4 Disagree 2 9 18
5 Strongly Disagree 1 2 2
Total 30 83
The result above show that there are 6 students agrees 13 students neutral, 9 students disagree, and 2 students strongly disagree to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are83
150
× 100 = 55, 3 %, 83 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
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Table item number 3 (I enjoy participating in learning English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.3 item number 3
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 1 5
2 Agree 4 7 28
3 Neutral 3 10 30
4 Disagree 2 9 18
5 Strongly Disagree 1 3 3
Total 30 84
The result above show that there are 1 student strongly agree, 7 students agree, 10 students neutral, 9 students disagree, and 3 students strongly disagree to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 84
150 × 100 = 56%, 84 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 4 (I feel tense learning English online during the Covid- 19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.4 item number 4
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 0 0
2 Agree 2 11 22
3 Neutral 3 10 30
4 Disagree 4 6 24
5 Strongly Disagree 5 3 15
Total 30 91
The result above show that there are 11 students agrees 10 students neutral, 6 students disagree, and 3 students strongly disagree to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 91 150 × 100 = 60%, 91 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 5 (It was difficult for me to concentrate on learning English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.5 item number 5
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 8 8
2 Agree 2 13 26
3 Neutral 3 6 18
4 Disagree 4 3 12
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 64
30
The result above show that there are 8 students strongly agree, 13 students agree, 6 students neutral, and 3 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 64 150 × 100 = 42, 6%, 60 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 6 (Limited learning facilities made it difficult for me to learn English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.6 item number 6
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 7 7
2 Agree 2 17 34
3 Neutral 3 5 15
4 Disagree 4 1 4
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 60
The result above show that there are 7 students strongly agree, 17 students agree, 5 students neutral, and 1 student disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 60
150× 100 = 40%, 60 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
So, it can be categorized low.
Table Item Number 7 (It was easier for me to concentrate on learning English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.7 item number 7
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 1 5
2 Agree 4 2 8
3 Neutral 3 10 30
4 Disagree 2 16 32
5 Strongly Disagree 1 1 1
Total 30 76
The result above show that there are 1 student strongly agree, 2 students agree, 10 students neutral, 16 students disagree, and 1 student strongly disagree to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 76
150× 100 = 50, 6%, 76 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 8 (Online learning facilities during the Covid-19 pandemic was quite adequate).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.8 item number 8
32
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 0 0
2 Agree 4 4 16
3 Neutral 3 12 36
4 Disagree 2 14 28
5 Strongly Disagree 1 0 0
Total 30 80
The result above show that there are 4 students agree, 12 students neutral, and 14 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 80
150
× 100 = 53, 3%, 80 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 9 (I felt anxious about learning English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.9 item number 9
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 3 3
2 Agree 2 11 22
3 Neutral 3 8 24
4 Disagree 4 8 32
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 81
The result above show that there are 3 students strongly agree, 11 students agree, 8 students neutral, and 8 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 81
150× 100 = 54%, 81 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 10 (I feel tired of learning English online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.10 item number 10
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 4 4
2 Agree 2 10 20
3 Neutral 3 7 21
4 Disagree 4 9 36
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 81
The result above show that there are 4 students strongly agree, 10 students agree, 7 students neutral, and 9 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
34
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 81
150 × 100 = 54%, 81 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 11 (During the Covid-19 pandemic, I felt it difficult to learn English).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.11 item number 11
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 4 4
2 Agree 2 14 28
3 Neutral 3 7 21
4 Disagree 4 5 20
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 73
The result above show that there are 4 students strongly agree, 14 students agree, 7 students neutral, and 5 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 73
150 × 100 = 48, 6%, 73 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 12 (All face-to-face learning has been transferred online learning to avoid the spread of Covid-19).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.12 item number 12
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 5 25
2 Agree 4 13 52
3 Neutral 3 7 21
4 Disagree 2 5 10
5 Strongly Disagree 1 0 0
Total 30 108
The result above show that there are 5 students strongly agree, 13 students agree, 7 students neutral, and 5 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 108
150× 100 = 72%, 108 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized strong.
Table Item Number 13 (I didn't feel afraid to take part in the learning process because it was done online during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.13 item number 13
36
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 2 10
2 Agree 4 10 40
3 Neutral 3 13 39
4 Disagree 2 5 10
5 Strongly Disagree 1 0 0
Total 30 99
The result above show that there are 2 students strongly agree, 10 students agree, 13 students neutral, and 5 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 99
150 × 100 = 66%, 99 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
So, it can be categorized strong.
Table Item Number 14 (Teaching and learning process was constrained by a bad network / signal during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.14 item number 14
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 10 10
2 Agree 2 18 36
3 Neutral 3 2 6
4 Disagree 4 0 0
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 52
The result above show that there are 10 students strongly agree, 18 students agree, and 2 students neutral, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 52
150 × 100 = 34, 6%, 52 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized low.
Table Item Number 15 (I felt less focused on taking lessons by using online learning applications during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.15 item number 15
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 5 5
2 Agree 2 15 30
3 Neutral 3 6 18
4 Disagree 4 4 16
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 69
The result above show that there are 5 students strongly agree, 15 students agree, 6 students neutral, and 4 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 69
150 × 100 = 46%, 69 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
38
So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 16 (I feel safe participating in online learning at home because it can minimize the spread of covid-19).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.16 item number 16
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 3 15
2 Agree 4 16 64
3 Neutral 3 9 27
4 Disagree 2 2 4
5 Strongly Disagree 1 0 0
Total 30 110
The result above show that there are 3 students strongly agree, 16 students agree, 9 students neutral, and 2 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 110
150× 100 = 73, 3%, 110 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized strong.
Table Item Number 17 (I felt calm when studying online at home During the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.17 item number 17
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 2 10
2 Agree 4 7 28
3 Neutral 3 13 39
4 Disagree 2 8 16
5 Strongly Disagree 1 0 0
Total 30 93
The result above show that there are 2 students strongly agree, 7 students agree, 13 students neutral, and 8 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 93
150 × 100 = 62%, 93 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score.
So, it can be categorized strong.
Table Item Number 18 (it was easier for me to understand the material through online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.18 item number 18
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 1 5
2 Agree 4 2 8
3 Neutral 3 12 36
4 Disagree 2 12 24
5 Strongly Disagree 1 3 3
Total 30 76
40
The result above show that there are 1 student strongly agree, 2 students agree, 12 students neutral, 12 students disagree, and 3 strongly disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 76
150× 100 = 50, 6%, 76 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
Table Item Number 19 (I received assistance in the form of an internet quota from the government to support online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.19 item number 19
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 5 4 20
2 Agree 4 15 60
3 Neutral 3 6 18
4 Disagree 2 5 10
5 Strongly Disagree 1 0 0
Total 30 108
The result above show that there are 4 students strongly agree, 15 students agree, 6 students neutral, and 5 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 108
150×
100 = 72%, 108 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized strong.
Table Item Number 20 (it was difficult for the area where I lived to access the internet network, which made it difficult for me to participate in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic).
According with the term above, it can be seen in the table below:
Table 4.20 item number 20
No. Category Score Frequent Sum of score
1 Strongly Agree 1 4 4
2 Agree 2 7 14
3 Neutral 3 6 18
4 Disagree 4 13 52
5 Strongly Disagree 5 0 0
Total 30 88
The result above show that there are 4 students strongly agree, 7 students agree, 6 students neutral, and 13 students disagree, to be valid data can be shown below:
0% - 20% 21% - 40% 41% - 60% 61% - 80% 81% - 100%
SL L N S VS
The data shows that most of students agree with that statement, they are 88
150 × 100 = 58, 6%, 88 the total of score from the statement beside 150 from maximum score. So, it can be categorized neutral.
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Table 4.21. Distribution Percentage from the Students’ Anxiety in Pandemic covid-19
Aspect Statements Score Percentage Classification
Worry
Item number 1 80 53,3%
58,5%
Item number 3 84 56%
Item number 9 81 54%
Item number 11 73 48,6%
Item number 13 99 66%
Item number 16 110 73,3%
Emotionality
Item number 2 83 55,3%
57,8%
Item number 4 91 60%
Item number 10 81 54%
Item number 17 93 62%
Task Generated Interference
Item number 5 64 42,6%
52,1%
Item number 6 60 40%
Item number 7 76 50,6%
Item number 8 80 53,3%
Item number 12 108 72%
Item number 14 52 34,6%
Item number 15 69 46%
Item number 18 76 50,6%
Item number 19 108 72%
Item number 20 88 58,6%
The explanation of the table above, from the aspect of the students' anxiety in the covid-19 pandemic which has been analyzed by the researcher, it shows that, in the worry aspect, the average anxiety was the highest namely 58.5%, then in the emotionality aspect, it is 57.8%, and in the task generated interference aspect in complication as much as 52.1%. Therefore those are cumulative result of the student's anxiety in pandemic covid-19 by the fourth semester of English program at IAIN Parepare.
2. The Result of students’ Achievement in pandemic covid-19 Table 4.22 the students’ score before the covid-19 pandemic.
No. Subject Score
1 Respondent 1 2,44
2 Respondent 2 3,22
3 Respondent 3 3,78
4 Respondent 4 3,58
5 Respondent 5 3,94
6 Respondent 6 4,00
7 Respondent 7 3,89
8 Respondent 8 3,89
9 Respondent 9 3,78
10 Respondent 10 3,85
11 Respondent 11 4,00
12 Respondent 12 3,67
13 Respondent 13 3,67
14 Respondent 14 3,90
15 Respondent 15 1,67
16 Respondent 16 3,67
17 Respondent 17 3,89
18 Respondent 18 3,78
19 Respondent 19 4,00
20 Respondent 20 3,78
21 Respondent 21 3,78
22 Respondent 22 3,89
23 Respondent 23 3,67
24 Respondent 24 3,52
25 Respondent 25 2,90
26 Respondent 26 4,00
27 Respondent 27 3,67
28 Respondent 28 3,50
29 Respondent 29 4,00
30 Respondent 30 3,89
Total ∑109,22
3,64
The table showed that the result of achievement before the covid-19 pandemic has mean score 3, 64.
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Table 4.23 the students’ score after covid-19 pandemic.
No. Subject Score
1 Respondent 1 3,58
2 Respondent 2 3,48
3 Respondent 3 3,75
4 Respondent 4 3,73
5 Respondent 5 3,92
6 Respondent 6 3,73
7 Respondent 7 3,58
8 Respondent 8 3,64
9 Respondent 9 3,75
10 Respondent 10 3,75
11 Respondent 11 4,00
12 Respondent 12 3,83
13 Respondent 13 3,73
14 Respondent 14 3,86
15 Respondent 15 2,75
16 Respondent 16 3,67
17 Respondent 17 3,75
18 Respondent 18 3,92
19 Respondent 19 3,83
20 Respondent 20 3,33
21 Respondent 21 3,83
22 Respondent 22 3,67
23 Respondent 23 3,73
24 Respondent 24 3,59
25 Respondent 25 3,80
26 Respondent 26 3,73
27 Respondent 27 3,00
28 Respondent 28 3,73
29 Respondent 29 3,84
30 Respondent 30 3,82
Total ∑110,32
3,67
The table showed that the result of achievement after covid-19 pandemic has mean score 3,67
B. Discussion
In this research section the researcher described, the discussion about students’ anxiety and achievement in pandemic covid-19 at the fourth semester of English department in IAIN Parepare. This research was conducted using a research instrument which is questionnaire by liker scale and achievement only take the data by the score IPS from the staf Tarbiyah Faculty.
1. The Students’ Questionnaire
Every student has different anxiety in pandemic covid-19, there are three aspects or that influences the students’ anxiety namely; worry, emotionality, and task generated interference. Some of them experience anxiety online learning in covid-19 pandemic this statement was supported by Carlson stated that anxiety is “a sense of apprehension or doom that is accompanied by certain physiological reactions such as accelerated heart rate, sweaty palms, and tightness in stomach”.44 Furthermore, anxiety arises as respond particular situation.
The data analysis technique use descriptive quantitative by using percentage calculation. The researcher had been prepared the questionnaire in Google form, while the questionnaires consist of 20 statements; there are 10 negative statements and 10 positive statements. The researcher sent the link of the questionnaire to the students used whatsApp messenger, even the researcher sent the link one by one to the students to get more attention from them, so they can answering it according they feeling.
The process in research can be said run smoothly. Although, there are many obstacles faced by researcher, but fortunately with the help of related parties can overcome them all. The other problem is students who do not care and are less interested in filling out the Google form because they think it is
44Neil R. Carlson, et al., eds., Psychology: The Science of Behavior, (Needham Heights: Viacom Company, 1997), p. 558.