CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH
F. Technique of Data Analysis
The form of post-test is no different with pre-test. Speaking test consist on oral performance test that students will be given several topics, and then students will explain and describe the topic. It proposes to find out the students’ achievement and their progress after treatment through Ruang Guru Course video.
precision of vocabulary.
3 Able to speak the language with sufficient in most formal and informal conversations on practical, social, and professional topics. Vocabulary is broad enough that he rarely has to grope for word.
2 Has speaking vocabulary sufficient to express himself simply with some circumlocutions.
1
Speaking vocabulary inadequate to express anything but the most elementary needs.
Grammar
5 Equivalent to that of an educated native speaker.
4
Able to use the language accurately on all levels normally pertinent to
professional needs. Errors in grammar are quite rare.
3
Control of grammar is good. Able to speak the language with sufficient structural accuracy to participate effectively in most formal and informal conversations on practical, social, and professional topic.
2
Can usually handle elementary
constructions quite accurately but does not have thorough or confident control of the grammar.
1
Errors in grammar are frequent, but speaker can be understood by a native speaker used to dealing with
foreigners attempting to speak his language.
(Brown, 2004:172-173)
2. Fluency
Table 3.3 Speaking Rubric Fluency
Fluency
5 Has complete fluency in the language such that his speech is fully accepted by educated native speaker.
4
Able to use the language fluently on all levels normally pertinent to professional needs. Can participate in any conversation within the range of this experience with a high degree of fluency.
3 Can discuss particular interest of competence with reasonable ease.
Rarely has to grope for words.
2
Can handle with confidence but not with facility most social situation, including introductions and casual conversations about current events, as well as work, family, and
autobiographical information.
1 No specific fluency description. Refer to other four language areas for implied level of fluency.
(Brown, 2004:172-173) To calculate the scores, use the following formula:
The students’ score = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 x 100%
(Gay, 2006:320)
To calculating the mean score of students’ pretest and post-test using this formula:
X =
∑ 𝑥 𝑁
Where:
X = Mean
∑ 𝑥 = The sum of all score 𝑁 = Total number of subjects
(Gay, 1981:298)
To classify students’ score, researcher used:
Table 3.4 Classification Score
Criteria of Mastering Level
91-100 Excellent
81-90 Very Good
71-80 Good
61-70 Not Bad
51-60 Poor
Less than 50 Bad
(Madson, 1983:12)
29 CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. Research Findings
This research aims to uncover the improvement of students’ speaking skill trough Ruang Guru videos that could be observed in the following analysis into two parts, they are:
1. Students’ Speaking in terms of Accuracy
Table 4.1 Accuracy Findings Score Classification
Pre-test Post-test
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
91-100 Excellent 0 0% 0 0%
81-90 Very Good 0 0% 0 0%
71-80 Good 0 0% 16 80%
61-70 Not Bad 0 0% 2 20%
51-60 Poor 5 25% 1 5%
0-50 Bad 15 75% 1 5%
The pre-test result obtained indicate that there are still 15 students or 75%
students got score under 50. Meanwhile, there are only 5 students or 25%
students who can achieved score above 50. The post-test results show that there are 19 or 95% students got score higher than 50 and only one or 5%
student got score under 50.
Graphic 4.1 Students’ Mean Score in terms of Accuracy
Before the treatment, researcher have done a pre-test in the form of speaking oral test and got the average score of accuracy 45,56. After six meeting treatment, researcher got post-test result with an average score 73,13.
Based on the information above, the researcher found that students’ speaking skill in terms of accuracy on the post-test result were higher than the pre-test (73,13>45,56).
2. Students’ Speaking in terms of Fluency
Table 4.2 Fluency Findings Score Classification
Pre-test Post-test
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
91-100 Excellent 0 0% 0 0%
81-90 Very Good 0 0% 0 0%
71-80 Good 0 0% 17 85%
61-70 Not Bad 0 0% 0 0%
51-60 Poor 16 80% 3 15%
0-50 Bad 4 20% 0 0%
45,56
73,13
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Pre-test Mean Score Post-test Mean Score
Students' Speaking in terms of Accuracy
The score indicated that there are 4 students or 20% got score under 50 and there are 16 students or 80% got score 60. The result on students’ post- test in terms of fluency show that all students got score higher than 50 with the average score 77.
Graphic 4.2 Students’ Mean Score in terms of Fluency
On the students’ speaking in terms of fluency, researcher found that the mean score result of pre-test got 56. Researcher got post-test result with an average 77. The result of the data acquisition show that the post-test result is higher than the pre-test result (77>56).
B. Discussion
In order to reduce the number of covid-19 patients in Indonesia, the government has taken a policy by diverting school to online class for a while.
Online classes have required teacher and students to take advantage of existing technology to carry out the learning process. In this research, the researcher used Ruang Guru application as a media to improve students speaking skill in online class. In Ruang Guru application, there are a video learning that is suitable with the subject material taught at school.
56
77
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Pre-test Mean Score Post-test Mean Score
Students' Speaking in terms of Fluency
Researcher used video learning from Ruang Guru application to teach students in the classroom. Treatment consist of six meetings by used different videos each meeting from Ruang Guru application. The treatment took a place in SMA Negeri 2 Soppeng and the sample consist of 20 students of X MIPA 2. The content of video learning on Ruang Guru consist of congratulating and complimenting materials with examples of its use in day life. In video learning on Ruang Guru there are also animations that makes students interested in listening to the discussion in the video.
1. Students’ Speaking Skill in terms of Accuracy
Before doing the treatment using the Ruang Guru video, only five students were able to pass the score of 50, they are Student-D, Student-F, Student-I, Student-O and Student-P. Apart from these five students, the others still had scores below 50. This was shown by the average score of the pre-test speaking skill in terms of accuracy only getting 45.56. At the time of treatment, students were more enthusiastic about learning and listening to Ruang Guru video content. Students find a lot of new vocabulary in videos that can be used in everyday life. After conducting six meetings, there was a significant improvement. This is supported by the results of the post-test on speaking skill in terms of accuracy which shows an average result of 73.13.
The data showed that there were eight students who were able to get a score of 80 which was the highest result, they are Student-A, Student-D, Student- F, Student-K, Student-M, Student-O, Student-P, and Student-R. The results of these data indicate that there are 27,57% improvement in students' speaking skills in terms of accuracy. It is in accordance with the previous researcher by
Langi (2019) on her research indicated that Online Media Communication on Application of Ruang Guru PT. Ruang Raya Indonesia has an effect in increasing student achievement at Senior High School 1 Manado. Based on the previous research and the result of this research, Ruang Guru application is effective to improve students’ learning abilities, specially students’
speaking skill in terms of accuracy.
2. Students’ Speaking Skill in terms of Fluency
The results on the pre-test data from speaking skill in terms of fluency showed that there are four students who still have score below 50 and the highest pre-test score only reaches 60. It indicated by the average score of the pre-test speaking skill in terms of fluency only got 56. After conducting six meetings, there was a significant increase. This is supported by the results of the post-test on speaking skill in terms of fluency showing an average result of 77. The data shows that there are seventeen students who are able to get a score of 80 which is the highest result. The results of these data indicate an increase in students' speaking skills in terms of fluency by 21%. The results of the study which show an improvement of students' speaking skills in terms of fluency are related to the results of previous research by Gunawan (2020) said that the existence of an online media Ruang Guru application is an alternative to improve students' learning achievement. Ruang Guru application one of alternative media of online tutoring communication as part of educational progress. This application used to help the students to get online learning and it also introduces interactive and enjoyable learning activities so that the students improve their learning achievement. It is
compatible with the statement of Namaziandost (2019) said that technology is believed to make students respond positively in a language classroom.
Based on students’ speaking skill in terms of accuracy and fluency, Ruang Guru video is effective to improve students’ speaking skill. The result show that pre-test mean score got 50,78 and students post-test got 75, 065.
We can compare the result of pre-test and post-test which is show that students’ speaking skill increased by 24,30%.
3. Hypothesis Testing
Based on the data of students speaking skill in terms of accuracy and fluency, the use of video on Ruang Guru as a media in online class is effective to improve students’ speaking skill. It is supported by the result of t-test analysis on the level significance (p) = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df)
= 20-1 = 19. T-test value of pre-test and post-test mean score got higher score than t-table value; 2,488>1,729 for pre-test and 4,916>1,729 for post-test.
When the t-test value of pre-test and post-test mean score got higher score than t-table value, it indicated that the use of video on Ruang Guru as online class is effective to improve students’ speaking skill in terms of accuracy and fluency. It means that 𝐻0 (Null Hypothesis): the use of video on Ruang Guru as online class is not effective to improve students’ speaking skill was rejected and 𝐻1(Alternative Hypothesis): the use of video on Ruang Guru as online class is effective to improve students’ speaking skill was accepted.
35 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion
Based on research findings and discussion, the researcher concluded that:
1. The use of video on Ruang Guru as online class is effective to improve students’ speaking skill in terms of accuracy. It is proved by the data showed that the mean score of post-test on accuracy 73,13 is higher than the mean score of pre-test 45,56.
2. The use of video on Ruang Guru as online class is effective to improve students’ speaking skill in terms of fluency. It is proved by the data showed that the mean score of post-test on fluency 77 is higher than the mean score of pre-test 56.
B. Suggestion
Based on finding and conclusion, the researcher suggested as follows:
1. The English teacher should be more explore learning media in teaching and take advantages of technology as much as possible. It can make students to be more comfortable with learning English and motivate them to study in order to enhance their speaking skill.
2. The use of Ruang Guru video can be applied in learning English specially to improve students’ speaking skill. Ruang Guru video could help the students to understand more their learning material.
3. The researcher expected the result of this research can give more information and reference for the further research.
37
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX I LESSON PLAN
RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN (RPP)
Sekolah : SMA NEGERI 2 SOPPENG Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kelas/Semester : X/ Ganjil
Materi Pokok : Congratulating and complimenting others Alokasi Waktu : 6x pertemuan
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran
Setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran, peserta didik diharapkan dapat:
• Menentukan ungkapan yang digunakan dalam kalimat pujian (compliments)
• Menyusun kalimat menggunakan frasa kata sifat (adjective phrase)
• Membuat kalimat dan dialog tentang ungkapan pujian dan merespon kalimat pujian
• Berdialog mengungkapan pujian dan meresponnya sesuai dengan konteks B. Kompetensi Dasar dan Indikator Pencapaian Kompetensi
Kompetensi Dasar Indikator
3.2 Menerapkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi interpersonal lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberikan ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended), serta menanggapinya, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya
• Mengidentifikasi ungakapan-ungkapan memberikan ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended)
• Mengidentifikasi perbedaan cara pengungkapan dari masing-masing konteks
• Memahami struktur teks ungkapan memberikan ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended)
• Memahami unsur kebahasaan dari ungkapan memberikan ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended) 4.2 Menyusun teks interaksi
interpersonal lisan dan tulis
sederhana yang melibatkan tindakan memberikan ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended), dan menanggapinya dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks
• Menyusun kalimat memberikan ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended)
• Menanggapi ucapan selamat dan memuji bersayap (extended) yang diajukan kepadanya
C. Media/alat, Bahan dan Sumber Belajar Media : Video Ruang Guru Application Bahan : Laptop
Sumber : - Buku Bahasa Inggris Siswa Kelas X, Kemendikbud, Tahun 2018
D. Langkah-langkah Pembelajaran Pertemuan
Ke-1
Kegiatan Pendahuluan
• Membuka kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan syukur dan do’a kepada Tuhan YME.
• Memeriksa kehadiran siswa.
• Mengaitkan materi dengan pembeajaran sebelumnya
Kegiatan Inti • Siswa mengamati video Ruang Guru mengenai materi tentang expression of congratulating.
• Siswa mencatat kosa kata expression of congratulating pada tayangan video Ruang Guru.
• Guru memberikan instruksi untuk menemukan expression of congratulating pada tayangan video Ruang Guru.
• Siswa memperagakan ucapan expression of congratulating dengan memperhatikan pronunciation, vocabulary, fluency, dan grammar yang sesuai.
• Guru dan siswa menyimpulkan kata expression of congratulating.
Kegiatan Penutup • Peserta didik merefleksikan dan membuat rangkuman tentang expression of congratulating.
• Menutup kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan do’a kepasa Tuhan YME.
Pertemuan Ke-2
Kegiatan Pendahuluan
• Membuka kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan syukur dan do’a kepada Tuhan YME.
• Memeriksa kehadiran siswa.
• Mengaitkan materi dengan pembeajaran sebelumnya
Kegiatan Inti • Siswa mengamati video Ruang Guru mengenai expression of congratulating on special occasions.
• Siswa mencatat kosa kata expression of congratulating on special occasions pada tayangan video Ruang Guru.
• Guru memberikan instruksi untuk menemukan ungkapan expression of congratulating on special occasions pada tayangan video Ruang Guru.
• Siswa memperagakan ucapan expression of congratulating on special occasions dengan memperhatikan pronunciation, vocabulary, fluency, dan grammar yang sesuai.
• Guru dan siswa menyimpulkan kata expression of congratulating on special occasions.
Kegiatan Penutup • Peserta didik merefleksikan dan membuat rangkuman expression of congratulating on special occasions.
• Menutup kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan do’a kepasa Tuhan YME.
Pertemuan Ke-3
Kegiatan Pendahuluan
• Membuka kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan syukur dan do’a kepada Tuhan YME.
• Memeriksa kehadiran siswa.
• Mengaitkan materi dengan pembeajaran sebelumnya
Kegiatan Inti • Siswa mengamati video Ruang Guru mengenai expression of congratulating on special achievement.
• Siswa mencatat expression of congratulating on special achievement pada tayangan video Ruang Guru.
• Siswa memperagakan ucapan expression of congratulating on special achievement dengan memperhatikan pronunciation,
vocabulary, fluency, dan grammar yang sesuai.
• Guru dan siswa menyimpulkan conversation of congratulating.
Kegiatan Penutup • Peserta didik merefleksikan dan membuat rangkuman tentang expression of congratulating on special achievement.
• Menutup kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan do’a kepasa Tuhan YME.
Pertemuan Ke-4
Kegiatan Pendahuluan
• Membuka kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan syukur dan do’a kepada Tuhan YME.
• Memeriksa kehadiran siswa.
• Mengaitkan materi dengan pembeajaran sebelumnya
Kegiatan Inti • Siswa mengamati video Ruang Guru mengenai expression of compliment.
• Siswa mencatat kosa kata expression of compliment pada tayangan video Ruang Guru.
• Siswa memperagakan ucapan expression of compliment dengan memperhatikan pronunciation vocabulary, fluency, dan grammar yang sesuai.
• Guru dan siswa menyimpulkan kata expression of compliment.
Kegiatan Penutup • Peserta didik merefleksikan dan membuat rangkuman tentang expression of compliment.
• Menutup kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan do’a kepasa Tuhan YME.
Pertemuan Ke-5
Kegiatan Pendahuluan
• Membuka kelas dengan salam dan memanjatkan syukur dan do’a kepada Tuhan YME.
• Memeriksa kehadiran siswa.