Technique of data analysis in this research are descriptive statistics. The data was processed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 21. The writer classified the categorizations of learning style from the questionnaire. In this study, there were 25 items of questionnaire and 5 items for each type of learning styles. Determining students’ learning style was to sum all of the scores of questionnaire items from each categorizations of learning style. The highest scores from four group learning style was the major of learning styles’ that student have.
To determine the percentage of students in each category, the number of students who preferred each mode of information presentation was divided by the total number of student’s responses. The formula is taken from Sudjana (2002).
Note: P = percentage
F= the number of students’ who prefer each mode of information presentation N= the total number of students
CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. RESEARCH FINDINGS
The researcher took the scores of students learning style using 20 items questionnaire from 26 students at the first grade of SMP Negeri Bontomarannu and students' English achievement using students’ semester values.
1. Students’ English Learning Achievement
The researcher took students' documents for making her research more consistent. The purpose of taking documents was to determine their learning style using semester value. Learning styles greatly affect student achievement; each student has a different learning style to improve. For further detail can be seen in Table 4.1 below:
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Table 4.1 Students’ Achievement
No Student achievement
Respondent 1 75
Respondent 2 82
Respondent 3 75
Respondent 4 77
Respondent 5 76
Respondent 6 77
Respondent 7 78
Respondent 8 75
Respondent 9 85
Respondent 10 75
Respondent 11 80
Respondent 12 75
Respondent 13 77
Respondent 14 75
Respondent 15 80
Respondent 16 77
Respondent 17 75
Respondent 18 78
Respondent 19 80
Respondent 20 82
Respondent 21 75
Respondent 22 82
Respondent 23 75
Respondent 24 88
Respondent 25 82
Respondent 26 80
Based on table 4.1 the students' scores, students' English learning achievement in odd semester values have four qualifications. Students with visual learning styles are more dominant with 11 students while auditory is 5 students, Read/Write is 6 and finally kinesthetic is only 4 students. The value of students
with visual learning styles is higher than other learning styles. It is mean the learning style influences achievement. It can be seen in table 4.2 below:
Table 4.2
Distribution of Students’ English Learning Achievement Coefficient Interval Classification Frequency Percentage
81-100 Excellent 6 23.07%
61-80 Good 20 76.92%
41-60 Average 0 0%
20-40 Bad 0 0%
0-20 Poor 0 0%
Total 33 100%
Based on table 4.2 the diagram drawing above, it can be stated that student's English learning achievement in odd semester values at first grade in SMP Negeri 3 Bontomarannu is good. It can be seen from the range score 81 - 100 is an excellent qualification. There are 6 students or 23.07% of students who get an 80-100 score. On another hand, there are 20 students or 76.92% who get a 61-80 score. The last there are 0 students or 0% who get a 41 - 60 score. The score awesome qualification is 6 students or 23.07% of students get 81-100 score.
Description of the influence students’ learning style on their English achievement:
Table 4.3 Coefficients Result
Model Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized Coefficients
T Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
(Constant) 49.516 14.431 3.431 .003
Visual 1.811 .421 .691 4.299 .000
1 Auditory -.174 .487 -.055 -.356 .725
Read/Write -.554 .533 -.160 -1.039 .311
Kinesthetic .391 .468 .132 .835 .413
a. Dependent Variable: Achievement
From table 4.3 above, it shows that influence of students' learning style on their English achievement in semester values can be described whit regression formula bellow:
Y = a + b1 X1 + b2 X2 + b3 X3 + b4 X4 + e
English Learning Achievement in odd semester values (Y) = 49.516 + 1.811 Visual (X1) + 174 Auditory (X2) + 554 Read/Write (X3) + 391 Kinesthetic (X4) From the formula above, it shows that simultan b1 = 1.811, b2 = -174, b3 = -554 and b4 = 391. It can be interoperated that if students' learning style (visual, auditory read/write, kinesthetic) are constant or is no increasing and decreasing so the total of students learning style is about constant score 49.518
A coefficient score of Students' visual learning style for the X1 variable is 1.811. This is mean that if the total of students' visual learning style increases each unit so students' English achievement will increase 1.786 but another independent variable is constant.
A coefficient score of Students' auditory learning style for the X2 variable is -174 and it has a negative sign. This shows that the average score of students' auditory learning style has an opponent relationship whit students' English achievement. So that if the average score of students' auditory learning style increases, so the total of students' English achievement (Y) will decrease about -174 but another independent variable is still constant.
A coefficient score of Students' read/write learning style for the X3 variable is -554 and it has a negative sign. This shows that the average score of students' read/write learning style has a relationship whit students' English achievement. So that if the average score of students' kinesthetic learning style increases, so the total of students' English achievement (Y) will increase about – 554 but another independent variable is still constant.
A coefficient score of Students' kinesthetic learning style for the X4 variable is 391. This is mean that if the total of students' kinesthetic learning style increases each unit so students' English achievement will increase 391 but another independent variable is constant. The students' visual and kinesthetic learning styles correlate with students' achievement and the coefficient score has a positive sign, but the dominant learning style is visual. The students' auditory learning style does not correlate with students' English learning achievement and the coefficient score has a negative sign.
Moreover, constant a score is = 49.516 R = 52.4%. It means that students' English achievement in odd semester values as simultan is influenced by students
learning styles about 52.4%. The influence of students’ learning style on their English achievement is visual learning style, T = 3.431 P = 000 indicates that the four learning style categories. It means there is an influence of students' visual learning style on their English achievement. Moreover, constant a score is = 49.516 it means that students’ English achievement in semester values is influenced by students learning style about 49.516.
Table 4.4
Mean Square, Frequency and Significant
Model Sum of
Squares
Df Mean Square F Sig.
Regression 165.383 4 41.346 5.782 .003b
1 Residual 150.155 21 7.150
Total 315.538 25
a. Dependent Variable: Achievement
b. Predictors: (Constant), Kinesthetic, Read/Write, Auditory, Visual
Table 4.4 shows, F = 5.807, P = 000 indicates that the VARK Learning Style categories differ significantly based on their grade point average. It means there is an influence on students' learning styles on their English learning achievement in semester value.
2. Students Learning Style
In this research, students' learning style was determined by collecting the data from the questionnaire. Students learn in many different ways. Learning style showed how well students learn the material. The questionnaire was aimed to
assess which way students prefer to learn. It was described the characteristics of VARK Learning Style those students in 4 styles; Visual, Auditory, Read/Write and Kinesthetic. For gaining a better understanding of themselves as a student, each of them needs to evaluate the way student prefer to learn or process information. By doing so, the student would be able to develop strategies that would enhance students learning potential. The description of the questionnaire gave information to the students about ways in which students learn best in simple methodology. The students’ learning style score can be seen on the table below
Table 4.5
List of students’ learning styles
No Respondent Score Students’ Learning Style
1 Respondent 1 19 Visual
2 Respondent 2 21 Visual
3 Respondent 3 20 Auditory
4 Respondent 4 18 Read/Write
5 Respondent 5 19 Read/Write
6 Respondent 6 20 Kinesthetic
7 Respondent 7 20 Kinesthetic
8 Respondent 8 20 Read/Write
9 Respondent 9 20 Visual
10 Respondent 10 20 Visual
11 Respondent 11 21 Visual
12 Respondent 12 19 Auditory
13 Respondent 13 20 Read/write
14 Respondent 14 19 Read/Write
15 Respondent 15 21 Visual
16 Respondent 16 20 Auditory
17 Respondent 17 20 Auditory
18 Respondent 18 21 Visual
19 Respondent 19 21 Kinesthetic
20 Respondent 20 21 Visual
21 Respondent 21 20 Auditory
22 Respondent 22 21 Kinesthetic
23 Respondent 23 20 Read/Write
24 Respondent 24 22 Visual
25 Respondent 25 20 Visual
26 Respondent 26 20 Visual
Based on the questionnaire result, after calculating learning style score, 11 students had visual learning style, 5 students who have an auditory learning style, 6 students who have a read/write learning style and 4 Students’ a kinesthetic learning style.
Table 4.6
Distribution of Students’ Learning Style Frequency
No. Students’ Learning Style F %F
1 Visual Learning Style 11 42.30
2 Auditory Learning Style 5 19.23
3 Read/Write Learning Style 6 23.07
4 Kinesthetic Learning Style 4 15.38
TOTAL 26 100
Based on the table 4.2 above there are 4 VARK Learning Styles students namely Visual, Auditory, Read/Write and Kinesthetic where Visual Learning Style is accepted by 11 students with a percentage of 42.30%, Auditory Learning Style 5 students with a percentage of 19.23%, Read/Write Learning Style 6 students with percentage of 23.17%, then Kinesthetic Learning Style requires 4 students with a percentage of 15.38%. It can be concluded that most dominant students have a Visual high learning style.