A. Research Findings
1. The Kinds of Pronunciation Errors
The following are classification and the tables to find out pronunciation of the students. Further data can be viewed from the table below :
Table 4.1.1 Kinds of Pronunciation Errors Kinds of errors Total Percentages of Errors
Made by Students (%)
Stressing 18.36 %
Intonation 30.3 %
Based on the table above can be concluded that the kinds of pronunciation error in reading English conversation were stressing and intonation. The percentages of errors made by students were 18.36% in stressing and 30.3%
intoation.
a) Misplaced Stressing
Based on the test, the researcher found that there were some misplaced stressig made by the students especially in word stress. The misplaced stressing happened to the two-syllable, three-syllable, four-syllable and five-syllable. The misplaced stressi made by the students were quite similar. Few students even misplaced same word stress.
The words stress that misplaced were even the simple words. Based on the data display above, it was found those few words stress which commonly misplaced by each student.
Here are the sample of students‟errors based on the syllable:
Table 4.1.2 Two syllables Two syllables
Students‟ Errrors Correct
'Be-cause Be-'cause
'Ve-ry Ve-'ry
As-'pect 'As-pect
'Se-cure Se-'cure
'To-wards To-'wards
Af-'ter „Af-'ter
Stu-'dying 'Stu-dying
Di-'gree 'Di-gree
Fin-'ding „Fin-ding
Be-'tter 'Be-tter
Fu-'ture 'Fu-ture
Ha-'ving 'Ha-ving
Hi-'gher 'Hi-gher
'E-ven E-„ven
O-'btain O-'btain
'A-gree A-'gree
Bo-'ther 'Bo-ther
No-'thing 'No-thing
Ear-'lier 'Ear-lier
'Be-lieve Be-'lieve
'Un-til Un-„til
Co-'llege 'Co-llege
'Ob-tain Ob-'tain
'Wi-thout Wi-'thout
Back-'ground 'Back-ground
Table 4.1.3 Three syllables Three syllables
Students‟ Errors Correct 'Con-ti-nue Con-'ti-nue 'Im-por-tant Im-'por-tant Gra-'du-ate 'Gra-du-ate
A-'ny-way 'A-ny-way
'Con-si-dered Con-'si-dered Com-'pa-nies 'Com-pa-nies
'O-pi-nion O-'pi-nion
'Al-rea-dy Al-'rea-dy
'Ex-pe-rience Ex-'pe-rience Ins-'ti-tu-tions I ns-ti-'tu-tions
Table 4.1.4. Four syllables Four syllables
Students‟ Errors Correct Di-ffi-'cul-ty 'Di-ffi-cul-ty 'E-du-ca-tion E-du-'ca-tion Un-for-'tu-nate Un-'for-tu-nate
Table 4.1.5. Five syllables Five syllables
Students‟ Errors Correct O-'ppor-tu-ni-ties O-ppor-'tu-ni-ties
b). Error in Intonation
Intonation is one of the important aspect in delivering the message. The errors intoation happened to the falling and rising intonation. The tables following shows the distribution of intonation errors made by students in the conversation text.
Table 4.1.6 rising intonation Rising Intonation
Sentences Students' Errors
By the way, Falling
Because, Falling
Are you sure aboutt that? Falling
It is very unfortunate, Flat
but as I said earlier, Falling
I get your points, Falling
if we can get a job after we graduate, Falling But every person has different opinion towards this
matter,
Flat
Yes, Flat
Yeah, Falling
How about you? Falling
right? Faliing
After going back to school, Flat
that is right, Falling
Besides, Falling
I mean, Falling
in the end, Falling
Anyway, Falling
There are some people with master‟s degree that are having difficulty to find a job,
Flat
Table 4.1.7 Falling intonation
Falliing Intonation
Sentences Students' Errors
Best of luck. Rising
I considere that education is very important aspect to me.
Rising
What opportunities are they? Rising
Why bother going back to school? Rising
We still have to get a job. Rising
you are right. Rising
Agus. Rising
Me too. Rising
How about you? Rising
Education opens more opportunities. Rising what are you going to do after graduate? Rising why are you planning to continue studying instead of
finding a job?
Rising and I agree that education is very important. Rising
It is been a while. Rising
I am going to continue studying for a master‟s degree. Rising
Rita. Rising
Thanks loads. Rising
The opportunities to get better job to secure my future. Rising because of their lack experience of work. Rising All we need to do is that only to keep trying until we
get what we want.
Rising
and I already stated mine. Rising
Me too. Rising
It can help me to open more doors of opportunities. Rising There are many companies and institutions which will
hire people with higher educational background even without work experience.
Rising
How have you been? Rising
because of their lack experience of work. Rising
Percentage of the students‟ error : a) Stressing
130
P = ⸻ X 100 % = 18.36 % 708
b) Intonation 182
P = ⸻ X 100 % = 30.3 % 600
Based on the table the students‟ errors, it can be stated that:
a. Total Error stressing from the students‟ are 130 errors, total errors on percentage 18.36 %
b. Total Error Intonation from the students‟ are 182 errors, total errors on percentage 30.3 %
Based on the research results table above, the researcher found that there were 130 or 18.36 % student errors. In this case, the researcher found that there were some misplaced stress made by the students. The misplaced stress happened to the two-syllable words, three-syllable words, four-syllable words and five- syllable words. The misplaced word stress made by the students were quite
similar. Few students even misplaced same word stress. The words stress that misplaced were even the simple words such as ; after, until very, agree and There are also many words that were misplaced, which were actually very familiar to them, but are rarely used in everyday life, such as earlier, companies, institutions, and graduate.
In intonation there are 182 or 30.3 % errors of students in the placement of intonation. In Intonation the reseacher only analyzed two types of intonation, namely falling and rising, but even so, students still made many errors in the placement of intonation. The intonation made by students is the one that should falling but rising and vice versa and some there was made flat intonation for the rising intonation.