Analysis of Students' Pronunciation Errors in English Conversation Reading at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Based on the background explanation above, the researcher is interested in analyzing the pronunciation errors in the reading of conversational text in English. What are the types of pronunciation mistakes in English conversation reading made by sixth semester students.
Background
That is why in Indonesia, English is one of the compulsory lessons in the world of Indonesian education. Pronunciation is really one of the keys to speaking and reading English well and truly. However, the fact of the phenomenon is still many students who have made mistakes in English pronunciation.
Problem Statement
This research was conducted on 6th semester students in the Department of English Education at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This phenomenon can be influenced by several factors, students often face difficulties in English pronunciation, in the pronunciation of Indonesian language and English language is different and also the different background of their mother tongue with English. However, it is a challenge for them to be able to speak English words fluently and correctly.
Objective of the Research
To find out the types of pronunciation mistakes made in English conversation reading by sixth semester students.
Significance of the Research
Scope of the Research
In the learning process, there are some mistakes that language learners often make, namely mistakes, errors and slips of the tongue. Back vowels: vowels produced by raising the back of the tongue to the soft palate. Also, reading is one of the language skills that is also important to learn because by reading the knowledge will be more advanced.
Previous Related Research Finding
Haryani1 et al (2016), in their thesis, they found out about the type of mistake made by the students of SMA Negeri 5 Palu in detecting stress in English words which is overgeneralization. Rafael (2017), This study was conducted to find out the pronunciation errors made by the first semester students of English Education Department in STKIP CBN. Based on the data analysis, the researcher counted that there are nine types of error statement made by the subjects.
Some Partinent Ideas
- Error Analysis
- Definition of pronunciation
- The elements of pronunciation
- Reading
- The purpose of reading
- Conversation
The language must also be really studied because there are things that must be in agreement with native speakers of the language. From all the definitions above, it can be concluded that pronunciation is a way of pronouncing letters, words and sentences according to the rules of the language in each country, especially in English. The central part is between the position of the front and back parts of the tongue.
Conceptual Framework
And the last one the researcher interviewed to find out the problems of pronunciation mistakes made by the students in reading English conversation. At the interview stage, the researcher did this through interviews with the conversation type via the WhatsApp application, this was due to the conditions and situations that were in. The PPKM period, which did not allow direct or face-to-face interviews with students. The researcher asks simple questions to find out the students' problem in reading English conversation.
RESEARCH METHOD
Research design
Subject of the Research
The researcher will take 12 students from this class as a sample, this research topic used random sampling where students who become willing to be sampled and have the above criteria are English students and 6th semester. Non-probability sampling is part of a non-probability sampling technique, which is a sampling method with integrated object and subject possibilities. The conversation, which is the research instrument of this study, is the source of the Internet medium.
Research Instrument
According to Sugiyono, random sampling is a sampling technique based on chance, that is, anyone who accidentally or by chance meets a researcher can be used as a sample if it is judged that the person met by chance is suitable as a data source . P : Students' mistakes in the vowel sound F : The total number of students' mistakes. Interview is usually conducted by one or more people by asking specific questions to get information.
The researcher identified pronunciation difficulties in reading English conversation through an interview. Arikunto says that semi-structured interviews are a form of interview in which the researcher first asks structured questions, followed by one session with additional information.
Procedure of Collecting Data
The researcher selected 12 participants in class 6B, the students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. The researcher facilitated the discussion for the students. This discussion was used to identify the types of pronunciation errors made by the students. In this study, the researcher collected data from recordings and used recording equipment in activities to obtain the student's audio product.
Afterwards, the researcher did transcribe the results of these recordings using the phonetic transcription. The next step is for the researcher to classify and analyze the data on the pronunciation errors in reading English conversation.
Data Analysis
Data that has been reduced, the next step is to present the data. This step is done by presenting a set of organized information that gives the possibility of conclusion. The presentation of data is made so that we can see the whole picture or certain parts of the whole picture.
In this phase, researchers are attempting to classify and present data by subject beginning with coding for each major subproblem. This activity was intended to seek meaning in the data collected by looking for relationships, equations or differences. Drawing all conclusions can be done by comparing the adequacy of the statements from the research subjects with the meaning contained in the basic concepts under study.
Research Findings
- The Kinds of Pronunciation Errors
- The Students‟ Problems
Based on the test, the researcher found that there were some wrong stresses made by the students, especially in word stress. The following tables show the distribution of intonation errors made by students in the conversational text. In this case, the researcher found that there were some wrong stresses made by the students.
In the interview this time it was a little different because the researcher used the WhatsApp application to interview students via chat. For further information, the researcher explains the results of the interview in the form of the discussion below. 34;Sometimes I struggle with the technique of emphasizing words according to the speaker when reading conversations because I sometimes struggle with the vocabulary".
34;Yes, sometimes when I read a conversation I don't find the right expression or intonation in the conversation because I think about the right or appropriate intonation in the conversation". 34;Yes, the reason is because there are usually unknown words in the conversation/dialogue, so the intonation of spoken words is just random without knowing whether it is true or not.” In the last point, based on the students' response the researcher included that there are still some sixth semester students in the English education major who do not understand pronunciation, especially correct intonation and stress techniques in English.
This is one of the reasons why third semester students make several mistakes when using the infinitive.
Discussion
Researcher: Are there any difficulties you encounter when reading English conversations with the correct intonation. Algifari (2017) found in her research that there was some misplaced stress made by the students. The misplaced stress occurred with the two-syllable words, three-syllable words and four-syllable words.
The researcher found that the total percentage of students' errors was 18.36% for stress and 30.3% for intonation errors. In the stress error, the wrong stress that the researcher found was on a two-syllable word such as; (Beause, Ve-ry, As-pect, Se-cure, To-wards, Af-ter, Stu-dying, Di-gree, Fin-ding, Better, Future, Ha-ving, Hi -gher, E-ven , O-btain, A-gree, Bo-ther, No-thing, Ear-lier, Be-lieve, Un-til, Co-llege, Wi-thout and Back-ground), three-syllable words such as; (Con-ti-nue, Im-por-tant, Gra-du-ate, A-ny-way, Con-si-dered, Comp-pa-nies, O-pi-nion, Al-read-dy, Ex -pe-rience and Ins-ti-tu-tions), four-syllable words such as; (Di-ffi-cul-ty, E-du-ca-tion and Un-for-tu-nate) and five syllables such as; (O-ppor-tu-ni-ties). Meanwhile, the problems of the student's pronunciation errors in reading English conversation should be discovered through interviews.
An interview can simply be described as a form of consultation or communication where the researcher tries to find out more about the issues expressed by students. The researcher found that there were so many problems of interference that sixth semester students of Muhammadiyah University of Makassar faced when reading English conversations. Since their native language is so different, they face many problems because they do not practice pronunciation in their daily activities, which causes them to encounter many unfamiliar words.
Conclussion
Suggestions
Analisis pengucapan tekanan kata siswa pada mahasiswa Iet 7 Cambridge English College (Cec) Makassar (disertasi doktoral), Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar). Analisis kesalahan pada tekanan kata mahasiswa semester III program studi Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Ilmu Budaya. Apakah ada kendala yang Anda alami saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris dengan intonasi yang benar?
Apakah ada kesulitan yang Anda temui saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris dengan teknik penekanan kata yang benar menurut penutur asli? Dianggap /kənˈsɪdəd/ „Pertimbangkan perusahaan yang salah tempat /ˈkʌmp(ə)nɪs/ „Bisnis Benar penting /ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)nt/ Penting Benar. Pertanyaan pertama, kesalahan pengucapan apa yang sering Anda temui saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris?
Apakah ada kesulitan yang Anda temui saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris dengan teknik penekanan kata yang benar menurut penutur asli? Pertanyaan 1, Menurut Anda kesalahan pengucapan apa yang sering ditemui saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris? S : Terima kasih atas pertanyaannya, Iya betul, tekanan kata adalah tekanan suku kata dalam suatu kata, setiap tekanan kata mempunyai arti yang berbeda-beda.
Selanjutnya, apakah ada kesulitan yang Anda temui saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris dengan intonasi yang benar? S: Penekanan kata atau penekanan kata membuat bahasa lisan enak didengar atau meningkatkan kualitas pengucapan dalam bahasa Inggris dan dipelajari dalam pengucapan bahasa Inggris. R: Oke, mari kita mulai dengan pertanyaan pertama, menurut Anda kesalahan pengucapan apa yang sering ditemui saat membaca percakapan bahasa Inggris.
