THEIR RELATIVE VALUES

30 ZUNI

FETICHES.

Eagle (K'iii'-k'iii-li su-tcbu-tcliou iie) of the

Upper

regious, the drab colorof the

body

being varied by fragments of pnre tnrkois inserted into theeyes, breast,

and

back.

A

^{notch in the top and front of the}

bead probablyindicates that the specimen M'as once snpplied with a beak, either of tnrkois or of white shell. Itis perforated lengthwise throngh thebreast.

PlateVIII,Fig.0, isa representation of a thoroughlytypicalconven- tional fetichof the black Eagle (K'iii'-k'iali kwin-ne) of the

Lower

re- gions. Itis of calcite,stained lustrous black.

A

^{cotton cord around}

thenecksupplies the placeof theoriginal "necklace."

THE MOLE—fiCMEK(iODOF THE LOWERREGIONS.

The

fetiches of the Mole, or

God

^of the

Lower

regions (K'ia'lu-tsi we-ma-we,inthesacred orders; Mai-tu-pu we-jua-we,intheorderofthe Hunt), are represented iu the collection

by

only

two

specimens, Plate

II, Pig. 0,

and

Plate IX,Fig. 1.

The

^figure ofathird specimen, taken from oneof

my

sketches of theoriginal in ZuQi,is givenon Plate III, Fig.5.

Thesefetichesbeingunpopular,becauseconsideredlesspowerfulthan those of the larger godsofprey, areveryrare,and are either rudecon- cretions with no ^definite form (Plate II, Fig.6), oralmostequally rnde exanii)les of art, asin Plate IX, Fig. 1, which represents the fetich of the wliite Mole (Mai-tupu ko-ha-ua) of the Eastern

Lower

regions.

Itconsists merely ofa natural slab offine whitelimestone.

Nevertheless, valueis sometimesattached tothe Mole, from the fact thatitis able

by

burrowingto lay traps for thelargest

game

of earth, which it is supposed to do consciously. Forthisreasonitissometimes representedwith surprising fidelity, as in Plate III,Fig. 5.

THE GROUNDOWL AND THE FALCON.

The

fetiches of the

Ground Owl

(thePrairie

Dog

varietj-

—

^Thla-po-

po-ke'-a'w^-ma-we) of all regions,are still

more

rarelyrepresented

and

evenlessprized than those of the Mole.

The

onlyexample in the col- lection is reproduced in Plate IX, Fig.2.

The

original is quite care- fully formed ofsoftwhitelimestone,

and

is perforated tofacilitate sus- pension.

The

Falconfetiches (Pi-piw6-ma-we)areincluded intheEaglespecies, as they are called the younger brothers of the Eagle,

and

supplj' fhe place of the redEagle which variety is

met

with veryrarely.

BUUEAU OP ETHXOLOGY ANNUAL UEUOnT^{1881 PL. IX}

THK ^MDLlv AND ^Till'. GHOfXn-OWL FETICHES—^{IlfXTKIiliODSOK}THE ^{LOWEP. r.EOIOSS} AXU ALL ^MEGIO.VS.

THE NAVAJO FETICHES—^PHALLIC GODS OF THE ^FLOCKS.

cusiiiNo.)

RELATIVE VALUES. 31

all tlie otber " aucieut sacred spaces" (T6-tblii-sbi-na-wc) or regions, but is also tbe masterof all tbe otber Prey gods, ^if not of all otber terrestrial animals. Notwitbstauding tbe fact that tbe Coyote,ⁱⁿ tbe

Order

oftbe Ilunt(tbeCoyote society or theSa-nia-k'ia-kwe), is given fortraditional reasons bigber sacred raidc tban tbe MountainLion, be

is, asa PreyBeing,onedegree lower,beinggod of tbe West, whicb fol-

lows tbe Nortb iu order of imi)ort?,nce.

Heuce we

find theMountain Lion and Coyote fetiches far

more

prized tban any of tbe others, and corres]Hindingly

more

numerous.

The

Coyote in rank is younger brother of the Mountain Lion,just as tbe

Wild

Catisyounger brother of the Coyote, tbe

Wolf

of the

Wild

Cat,

and

so on to tbe Mole, and

less important

Ground

Owl. In relationship by blood, however, tbe yellow Mountain Lion^isaccounted olderbrother of theblue, red, white, spotted,

and

black

Mountain

Lions; tbe blueCoyote,olderbrother of the red, white, yellow, mottledor spotted,

and

black Coyotes. Sothe

Wild

Catofthe South^is regardedasthe olderbrother of the

Wild

Cats ofall

tbe otberfive regions.

And

thus it is respectively with the Wolf, the Eagle,

and

the Mole.

We

^{find, therefore, that in} tbe North all the godsofPreyare represented, aswell as the

Mountain

Lion, only they are yellow. In tbe W^estallare represented, aswellastbeCoyote, only they are blue;

and

thus throughouttberemaining fourregions.

The

Mountain Lion is further believedtobetbespecial hunterof tbe Elk, Deer,

and

Bison (no longer an inhabitant of

New

^Mexico). His

fetich is,therefore,preferred

by

thehunterof these animals. So,also, istbefetich of tbe Coyote preferred

by

the hunter of the Mountain Sheep^; that ofthe

Wild

Cat,

by

tbehunterof tbeAntelope^; that of tbe Wolf, by tbe hunterof tbe rare

and

highly-valued6-bo-li; those ofthe Eagle

and

Falcon,

by

thehunterof Rabbits^;

and

that of tbe Mole,

by

thehunterofother smallgame.

The

exception to thisrule isindividual,

and

founded

upon

thebelief thatany oneofthegodsofPrey buntsto

some

extent tbespecial

game

of

all the othergodsofPrey. Hence, anyperson

who may

^discovereither a concretion ornaturalobject or an ancientfetichcalling to

mind

orI'e-

l)reseutingany one of the

Prey

gods willregardit ashis specialfetich,

and

almost invariably preferit,sincebebelievesittohave been

"meted

to"

him

(an-ik-tchi-ak'ia)

by

the gods.