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ANALYSIS OF WEBSITE-BASED LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEMS AT SMKN 8 BANDUNG
By:
Nenden Aryani Goddess 1) Ari Purno Wahyu Wibowo 2) Universitas Widyatama, Bandung 1,2)
E-mail:
[email protected] 1) [email protected] 2)
ABSTRACT
Every school should be able to develop students' interest in reading. One of them is by providing a library at school. Currently, there are still many school libraries whose management is still manual, such as starting from recording member data, bookkeeping data to storing other data related to transaction processing to making reports, so it is possible during the process there is an error in recording, lack of accurate reports and delay in finding the required data. Several methods of developing information systems consist of the Research and Development (R&D) method, which is a research method that aims to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of these products and the FAST method which is the best solution to solve the problems that exist in this library. The FAST method makes system design easier and on target. And with the existence of a website-based library information system at SMKN 8 Bandung, it increases students' reading interest because they can access it anywhere and anytime without being limited by time, making it easier for officers to manage library data.
Keywords: Library, information system, Research & Development (R&D), FAST, SMKN 8 Bandung
1. PRELIMINARY
The development of technology and information in this modern era is very rapid, especially in the field of information systems and has become part of human needs, even in everyday life many activities cannot be separated from the existence of technology. One area that has felt the impact of the use of information and communication technology is education. With the implementation of these various information systems, the field of education has changed for the better. Information systems that have been
widely used in educational institutions in Indonesia include websites, e -learning , learning media, and school library information systems. Therefore, every school implements an information system for smooth data processing in the library to assist librarians in managing data.
The library is part of the school in which there is a collection of collections, textbooks, novels, comics, historical stories, which are arranged according to a certain system that is used as a medium in seeking knowledge and insight for students. The library management of
SMKN 8 Bandung is still doing data collection manually including the process of borrowing, returning books and fines transactions. This is very inefficient, because there will be many errors in book data collection and not knowing in real time the number of book stocks. Therefore, an online library learning information system is needed, so that it can be easily accessed without time limits, anytime, anywhere, which is useful for improving the quality of learning and education.
Because with a website-based information system, library data collection becomes easier and more effective so that data can be stored properly and more accurately.
Making this website-based library information system will run effectively if it is supported by one of the system development methods. Several systems development methods, one of which is the Research and Development (R&D) method, is a research method that aims to produce a product and test the effectiveness of the product. And there is a FAST method that makes the design of information systems to solve library problems easier and on target.
Based on the problems that exist in the library of SMKN 8 Bandung, a website- based library information system is designed that will be adapted to the needs of the library by using the Research and
Development (R&D) method and the FAST method. It is hoped that this new system can overcome various problems in managing borrowing transactions, returning books, fine transactions and book stocks that are still done manually to become computerized.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1. Information Systems
The system is generally defined as a unit of various elements that interact with each other in order to achieve goals. This information system is designed and
implemented based on needs analysis with a systematic development process.
1) Website
Website is a system of accessing information on the internet. The web is composed of several interconnected pages using web technology. Another understanding of the website is a series of pages on the internet that present information based on related topics.
2) Rapid Application Development As one of the methods in developing systems with a life cycle strategy, Rapid Application Development aims to speed up the system development process and improve the quality of results compared to going through the traditional cycle. The use of the RAD
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method for the development of this system uses a relatively shorter time.
3) FAST Development Method The FAST method is a development methodology to support the development of application systems that are able to make data and information management more efficient, effective, accurate and timely.
1.2. Library
Libraries are institutions that manage collections of written works, printed works, and/or recorded works in a professional manner with a standard system to meet the educational, research, preservation, information, and recreational needs of the users.
1.3. Unified Modeling Language (UML) The UML modeling language is widely found in the industrial world as one of the standard languages that can be used to identify requirements , make analysis and design, and describe architecture with an object-oriented approach. The UML technique uses a graphical language for documentation and specifications in the system development process.
3. RESEARCH METHODS a. Software Development Method
The approach taken in building this library information system uses the Research & Development (R&D) method.
This study uses a research and development approach or Research and Development (R&D) is a research method that aims to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of these products ( Sugiyono , 2016 ) . In its application the development of a product requires a model for the development process, while the stages in software development are often referred to as SDLC or Software Development Life Cycle .
The development model in this study uses Rapid Application Development (RAD). Rapid Application Development is an object-oriented approach to system development that includes development methods and software tools. RAD aims to shorten the time normally required in the traditional development life cycle between the design and implementation of an application, development carried out through several stages such as, (1) Requirements Planning ( Requirements Planning ), (2) Design Process ( Workshop Design ), (3) Implementation ( Implementation ).
Referring to Nielsen (2006) which states that the minimum number of samples in the study is 20 people. In this study, the number of respondents was 35 people. This is done in order to get statistically significant results. Then from 35 respondents will be divided into 2 parts the first is 5 teachers and 30 people are students.
b. Development Method
The approach we take in building a library information system uses the FAST
method where the stages of development start from:
The FAST method in making webiste libraries can help to support the development of this library application system by making data and information management more efficient, effective, accurate and timely. The system development method using FAST There are 6 stages, namely:
Figure 1. Illustration of FAST . Model 1. Interview ( interview ) )
The initial stage in the FAST method is the interview stage . The author conducts questions and answers to students who are in the library regarding the search for the desired book, the process of borrowing and returning books. Then do a question and answer to Mrs. Vina as a librarian about how the administrative processes that occur in the library such
as data on the number of books, data on book titles in the library, data on borrowers and returns of books.
2. Analysis of the problem ( problem analysis )
In this second stage, it aims to analyze a deeper understanding of the problems contained in the previous stage to find solutions and solutions.
3. Needs analysis ( requirements analysis )
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The requirements analysis stage is carried out to analyze the features needed in this website-based library information system.
4. Design analysis ( decision analysis ) At this stage, it is carried out to start a website-based library design that is in accordance with the library of SMKN 8 Bandung and there are features that have been discussed together with Mrs. Vina with a predetermined time as well.
5. Construction and testing ( construction and testing )
At this stage it aims to perform functional testing of the system that meets the needs and designs that have been approved by the library of SMKN 8 Bandung and implements the interface between the new system and the existing production system.
6. This stage will operate the system that has been built, this stage will begin by providing training to users regarding the use of the system that has been built.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1.Requirements Planning
In regulatory planning there is a needs analysis carried out in 3 ways, namely initial observations, interviews, and direct
literature studies with the supervising teacher of SMKN 8 Bandung:
1. Observation (Observation)
The author makes direct observations of the activities that exist in the library of SMKN 8 Bandung both when students borrow books, look for books, and return books. As well as observing the transaction process carried out by libraries during the process of borrowing books and returning books. The results of these observations are directly recorded by the author and from the observation activities it can be seen how the library information system will be made.
2. Interview ( Interview )
The author conducts questions and answers to students who are in the library regarding the search for the desired book, the process of borrowing and returning books. Then do a question and answer to Mrs. Vina as a librarian about how the administrative processes that occur in the library such as data on the number of books, data on book titles in the library, data on borrowers and returns of books.
3. Literature review
The author uses the information system method to fulfill information
on how library information systems work with the IT concept created, so they try to get data by viewing, reading, and developing information related to the problems discussed as references from various printed books, ebooks , and e -commerce websites.
library that has been created to support this research.
4.2. Design Process ( Design workshop )
a. Unified Modeling Language (UML) 1) Use Case Diagrams
Use Case is the interaction or dialogue between the system and actors, including the exchange of messages and actions performed by the system.
The use case of the system that will be developed in the system can be seen in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Figure 2. Use Case Admin The picture above explains that the
admin is the one who can access all of these library websites by looking at all available reports, book data, being
able to find out students who borrow books, and students who get fined for delays in returning books.
Figure 3. Student Use Case The picture above explains that
students can login to be able to view the dashboard, book data, make borrowing and return transactions, and
can view e-books on this library website.
2) Context Diagram
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Context diagrams describe the relationship of data flow into or out of the system located outside the system ( output ) or receiving data from the system ( input ). One thing that must be considered in the context diagram is that the context diagram only uses one process circle that represents all the processes in the system. The context diagram provides an overview
of what the interaction relationship between external entities is like with the system, the relationship is described by the flow of data flowing and the environment outside the system (external entities) into the system or vice versa, the following is a context diagram that is currently running at the Library of SMK Negeri 8 Bandung:
Figure 4. Flow Diagram Context 3) Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)
DFD is a graphical representation in describing the flow of system data in
a structured and clear manner so that it can be a means of good documentation.
Figure 5. Data Flow Diagram level 1 admin In the DFD level 1 image the system
displays data, it appears the data
collection process which includes the process of recording member data
with book data, book location data, member data, transactions, ebooks , officers, and student reports and
member data updates carried out by librarian .
4) Flow chart System Flowchart (Program Flowchart) is a
chart that describes the logical flow of data to be processed in a program
from beginning to end. The flowchart system created is as follows:
Figure 6. Flow Chart User Login System Login flowchart flow for admin and
students at SMKN 8 Banudng library:
1. Admin and students can see the start page on the library website of SMKN 8 Bandung.
2. Admin and students can login by entering the existing username and password .
3. If wrong, it will return to the home page.
4. If correct, the main page of the admin and students will be displayed.
b. Databases ( databases )
database design in the library information system of SMKN 8 Bandung which was developed is as shown in the following figure:
Figure 7. Database Design
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c. Interface Design ( user interface ) In this stage the author will explain about the design of the web-based library
information system application page interface at SMKN 8 Bandung.
A. Initial View Design
Figure 8. Main Page The picture above is an initial view of the
library website of SMKN 8 Bandung which is equipped with several features, such as borrowing books, returning books,
and several reports that have been adapted to the needs of the library at SMKN 8 Bandung.
B. Book Stock Report
Figure 9. Book Stock Report The picture above is a report of all the
book data in the database and if you want to print a book report, you can enter the
book code or book title you want to search for.
C. Add Book Data Page
Figure 10. Add Book Data
The page above is a display to add data for books that have just entered and want to be included in this library website, you can enter the book code, ISBN, title, author,
publisher, number of books, and shelf location.
D. Book Loan Report
Figure 11. Book Loan Report This page displays all data on borrowing
books that are being borrowed by students and the number of books borrowed. And if you want to find a book that has been borrowed, you can enter the student's
name, book code, or title of the book borrowed, there is also a print option to print a book loan report.
E. Book Return Report
Figure 12. Book Return Report This page displays all data on returning
books that have been borrowed including the amount of fines that must be paid by students for late book returns. And if you want to find a book that has been returned,
you can enter the student's name or the title of the book and there is a print option if you want to print a book return report.
F. Return Input
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Figure 13. Book Return Input This page is a display for recording
students who want to return what students have borrowed by entering their NIS, name, book code, book title, amount of
return, borrowing date, return date, description, and name of the officer.
G. Login Page
Figure 14. Login Page admin login screen by entering the admin
username and password . After login , admin can manage and view all library data reports.
H. Add Member Data Page
Figure 15. Add Member Data The page above is a display for adding
member data to be included in this digital
library by entering NIS, student name, address, gender, and class.
4.3. Programming language
The making of this web-based library information system uses the PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) programming languages. As for the database using MySQL which is accessed using XAMPP.
4.4. Test
Testing is done using a test-case sheet .The functionality testing instrument contains 25 questions related to the functions in the developed system.
Evaluator Answer
Yes Note
Validator 1 25 0
Validator 2 25 0
Total 50 0
Table 1. The results of testing aspects of functionality
Based on the test results above, the percentage of functionality aspect testing can be seen as follows:
0 _
X = 1 = 1 = 1
50 _
So testing the Functionality Aspect of the system is considered good because X is close to 1. The system is said to have met the standard if X is more than 0.5 and close to 1.
5. CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the research that has been done, the library management information system at SMKN 8 Bandung uses the Research and Development (R&D) method and the FAST ( Framework For The Application System
Thinking ) method. It can be concluded as follows:
1. This website-based library application at SMKN 8 Bandung was developed and there are borrowing transactions, returns, fine transactions, printing reports and managing book data such as book stocks.
2. Development of a library management information system application that is website-based using PHP and CSS. As for the database using MySQL which is accessed using XAMPP.
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3. The library management information system application was built with the hope of helping the library in terms of managing book data, transactions, and all library reports stored neatly and safely.
4. Testing on this library management information system uses testing aspects of functionality. The results of testing the quality of the feasibility of a web-based library information system at SMKN 8 Bandung stated that: the aspect of testing system functionality was considered good because X was close to 1.
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