But code-switching as seen in conversation is quite different from that in song lyrics. Code switching is a more deliberate style used by the artists who would have packaged, edited and reflected on their choices and selection of the linguistic features of the language to be used in the lyrics of the song before its release.
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
A keen observation reveals the fact that a lot of innovations have been introduced in the use of language for rendering these musical genres. With the use of these languages, an artist may be able to connect with people from his own background.
STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Humboldt argued that language is the external appearance of people's mentality, that is, their language is their mentality and their mentality is their language. He believes that people who share a common language develop a similar subjectivity, so language and mental image form the basis of the meaning of identity.
AIM OF THE STUDY
This study aims to address the nature of code-switching as a linguistic phenomenon in communication, the stylistic effect of the trend, the implication of practice in communication and examine the strategies Nigerian artists use to do this effectively.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY This study has the following objectives;
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
According to Myers-Scotton, the Markedness Model proposes that speakers have a strong sense of the linguistic codes available for any interaction, but choose their codes based on the personality and/or relationship with others they wish to have in place. Therefore, this model proposes that speakers have a strong sense of the linguistic codes available for each interaction.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Hudson (in Wardaugh 1998:13) thought that sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society. Thus, it shows that sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of one or all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and the effects of language use on society overlap to an extent. considerably.
BILINGUALISM
If language is the property of the group, bilingualism is the property of the individual. The problem with a bilingual is that he would struggle with certain expressions in the language that have no equivalent in the other language.
LANGUAGE CONTACT
Weireich 1968:47) seems to constitute the thin end of the wedge in various types of subsequent linguistic change. Education; Quest for education is also one of the highest factors motivating language contact.
LANGUAGE SHIFT AND LANGUAGE LOSS
LANGUAGE LOSS
It can be an individual phenomenon or a communal phenomenon; For example, when an individual stays away from his language, there is a tendency for him to lose his language and this is the case in Nigeria today. Most of our vocabularies are dead and this is because we have gradually gone away and if not taken care of, dead vocabularies will lead to language loss or death. The foregoing implies that a shift from, for example, the use of language 'A' to another leads to a loss on the part of language 'A' due to a recessive impact arising from its non-use.
In the case of Nigeria, the loss of language is evident especially in relation to the indigenous languages which have suffered a serious black effect from the ever-increasing premium placed on English at the expense of the local languages.
BORROWING
Crystal (1980:47) speaks of borrowing as 'language forms adopted by one language or dialect of another language'. Borrowing in sociolinguistics occurs when a word or phrase is borrowed from one language into another language. Adeyanju (1986) opined that “borrowing is a sociolinguistic situation in which a word or phrase adopted from one language is used in another language.”
Borrowing according to the Routledge Dictionary Language and Linguistics (1995:55) is: "The adoption of a linguistic term from one language into another, usually when no term exists for the new object concept or condition".
DIGLOSSIA
Fishman (1967) introduced the idea that diglossia could be extended to situations common in many societies where forms of two genetically unrelated (or at least historically distant) languages have higher and lower norms, such that one of the languages (e.g. Latin in medieval language) Europe) is used for religious, educational, literacy and other such prestigious domains, while any other language is rarely used for such purposes and is only used for more informal, mainly spoken domains. Scotton (1986) proposes the terms 'narrow' for Fergusson's 1959 version of diglossia, and 'broad' (or 'diglossia extended') to refer to Fishman's extension of the discussion. Even in a diglossic situation, some topics and situations are better suited to the use of one language than another.
Joshua Fishman proposes a domain-specific code-switching model (later refined by Bloom and Gumperz) where bilingual speakers choose which code to speak depending on where they are and what they are discussing.
CODE-SWITCHING/ CODE-MIXING
This chapter provides a brief description and definitions of code switching as defined and explained by various scholars. Gardner-Chloros (2009) defined code-switching as the use of multiple languages or dialects in the same conversation or sentence by a bilingual person. Also, the linguistic distance between the two languages involved in the conversation will have a significant effect on code-switching patterns.
Bentahila and Davies (2002) noted that code-switching in conversation is not like that in music.
CODE-SWITCHING AND IDENTITY
Understanding identity as a self-category that creates boundaries allows one to develop an analysis of the dynamics that shape code-switching. According to Bailey (2002), language is directly related to and defines identity in the sense that people's first language is the channel that categorizes them. For example, the use of slang expressions in the lyrics of these songs always reflects the era in which the song was released.
Introducing new slogans and slang expressions into society from a popular song or movie and gives a listener an idea of the time and era of such.
THE STRUCTURE OF CODE-SWITCHING AND CODE-MIXING
The source of the apparent ambivalence in the dimensions of the phenomena stems from the perspective one takes in studying the concepts. The outcome suggested that code-switching is useful when it comes to oral instructions related to grammar learning. For example, code-switching is used by both teachers and students to ensure that everyone in the group understands what has been said.
Code-switching is relevant in the early process of language learning because the use of the learners' L1 can be useful.
RELEVANCE OF CODE-SWITCHING AND MIXING TO THE LYRICS OF NIGERIAN SECULAR SONGS
In 2nd language learning for all levels, it has been shown to be useful for people with low comprehension, in which case the native language is used to check comprehension. Code-switching has been shown to support language development when it comes to performing higher-level tasks and analyzing language. The code-switching in these songs not only makes the songs easily comprehensible to those who speak the languages in question, but also makes them more appealing by connecting to the cultural base of the listeners and placing them in a recognizable network.
I have also noticed that some emerging Nigerian artistes use this alternation of languages to sing not necessarily meaningfully, as well as a show of wealth and prosperity to their counterparts in the music industry.
NATIVIZATION
All these corpora show that English has indeed been nativized or domesticated and therefore Nigerian English really exists and there are corpora peculiar to the educated, semi-educated, illiterate and in group languages. Cultural issues may also cause some words, objects and expressions to find their way into the lexicon of Nigerian English.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON SELECTED ARTISTES
In 2014, she was also nominated for the Nigeria En t ert a in m ent Awards for “Most Promising Act to Watch”. Flavor started his musical career at the age of 13 when he started playing drums for his church choir in E nu g u. The first son of his family studied mechanical engineering at the University of Port Harcourt.
When asked about his inspiration for writing the song, ‖Akwa Ibom Ayaya‖, he said: The inspiration came when I met a young lady at Heathrow Airport in London, she was telling me about her home and things like that.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN
POPULATION OF STUDY
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
TRANSCRIPTION
JUSTIFICATION OF SELECTED MODEL
Oh baby I know it's true but it kills me sometimes.. the kind of things you do. In the first verse, the artist appealed to the love of his life and expressed his strong love for her. In this song, Di'ja expresses the kind of love she feels for the addressee. The singer in the first five lines of the song introduces her and gives reasons for the song and who the song belongs to.
This line carries a request to the addressee and the artist therefore returns to NPE in the chorus which is the unmarked coda in this situation and at the end of the chorus is an exclamation (ahn ahn!) that shows how deep love penetrates. . In the first six lines of verse 2, the singer maintained a smooth rhyme scheme in English. There is a sentence shift in line (19). The second verse is a summary with few additions of what she has said.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Unmarked code-switching is characterized by a stable and continuous pattern of using two or more languages (Myers-Scotton, 1993a: 117). Unmarked code-switching was also observed to indicate an in-group identity, which is a social function of code-switching. As stated by Myers-Scotton (1993a: 114), sequential unmarked code-switching occurs when the unmarked RO set changes.
We can say that code switching is common among Igbo bilinguals than other language groups.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
RECOMMENDATION
CONCLUSION
Abdullahi-Idiagbon, S.M.S ―Code-switching with English and the future of Nigerian Languages‖Journal of the Nigerian English Studies Association Vol.12, No. Language Change: Progress or Decay.
