1
THE EFFECT OF ENGLISH CLUB ON STUDENTS’ SPEAKING
ABILITY
AT SMP N 2 LEMBAH GUMANTI
Selvia Fitri Anggraeni
English Department, STKIP PGRI SUMBAR, Silvia.fitrianggraini@yahoo.com M Khairi Ikhsan, M.Pd1 and Melvina, M.Ed2
Abstrak
Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah ingin melihat efek dari English Club pada siswa kemampuan dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara siswa yang bergabung dalam program English Club dan yang tidak di SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti. English Club sebagai ekstrakurikuler Bahasa Inggris di SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk berbicara dalam kondisi yang lebih fleksibel dengan rekan-rekan mereka.Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif karena peneliti ingin menggambarkan efek dan perbedaan antara siswa yang bergabung dalam program ini dan yang tidak. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016. 14 mahasiswa yang bergabung dalam bahasa Inggris Program Klub dan 14 siswa yang tidak ikut dalam program ini. Dalam pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan tes berbicara, hasil tes berbicara adalah siswa yang bergabung dalam program English Club memiliki kemampuan dalam berbicara dan peneliti menemukan makna perbedaan antara siswa yang bergabung dalam program ini dan yang tidak. Para siswa yang bergabung dalam program ini, dari 14 siswa hanya satu siswa mendapat 67 dalam berbicara, 3 dalam tata bahasa, 3 dalam kosa kata dan 4 dalam pengucapan, dari pernyataan ini peneliti dapat melihat perbedaan yang sangat jelas antara siswa yang bergabung dalam program ini dan siswa yang tidak bergabung dalam program ini.
Key words: English Club and Speaking ability
INTRODUCTION
Speaking is one of four important skills in foreign language learning. To express an idea students have to speak. According to Brown (2004) speaking as a productive skill that can be directly and empirically observed, those observations are invariably colored by the accuracy and effectiveness of a test-takers listening skill which necessarily compromises the reliability and validity of an oral production test. It means that, speaking is an activity involving two or more people in which the participants are both the listeners and the speakers having to act what they listen and make their contribution.
In speaking activity at school, the students are hoped to be able to use some expression in spoken interaction or conversation, the students are hoped to use English and do the coversation everyday because speaking needs more practices for the students in order to be able in speaking English. If students do more
practices in speaking, it will make the students active in using English and speaking fluenly.
Based on the researcher’ pre observation when doing practice in SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti since August until December the researcher found some problems from the students and the teacher in study and teaching English especially in speaking skill. The researcher interviewed the teacher and teach the students to get information what is students’ problems in speaking English and the researcher get easy access to get the data because the researcher is alumni in this school. From interviewed the teacher and teach the students the researcher can conclude the limitation of the students speaking ability in SMPN 2 Lembah Gumanti is caused by some reasons that come from the teacher and the students. First, the problems that come from the teacher are: the First, teachers’ attention does not focus to one of students but the teacher must be given to a
2 number of students in the classroom, whereas
in one class there are about30 to32 students.
Second, in learning process the teacher not only teach speaking skill but also listening, reading and writing because they have some portion of time in learning process. Second, problems that come from the students are:
first, limitation of time in learning process that makes speaking ability the students is not achievedwhereas in learning speaking the students need more time to study, and practice. Second, speaking is one skill that makes students hard to learn because they always use Minang language to interact with the others while that language have different way to pronounce with English itself that is why the students feel hard to learn speaking at school. Based on the problem above, the researcher assumes that the students should find another alternative to improve their speaking ability, namely by following the English club as an extracurricular program in SMPN2 Lembah Gumanti, as Mulyasa in Fatimah ( 2014) stated that an extracurricular program is certain program held outside the school regular time to supporting and improving students’ competence. English club has many programs, like story telling, debate, drama, conversation class etc, but the programs are different in every school, each school can determine what programs they want to teach to their students. Programs English club in SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti are story telling,convertation class and drama, but not every students should join this program, because it is not compulsory subject, so it can be followed by students who interest to this club. In this research, the researcher focus on conversation class, According to Richard (2008), Conversation class is something of an enigma in language teaching and it is an opportunity for utrained native speakers to get students to talk for the duration of a class period, using whatever resources and techniques the teacher can think of. It means that conversation class provide native speaker as teacher to teach students to talk in group for a period of time in class in a course. The students are taught how to do conversation in group in discussing some materials that provided by the teacher.
Thus, in the conversation class, the students can speak English well in conversation form.
.
In the conversation class the students are asked the practice speaking in theconversational situation that is train by the teacher. There are various activities that should be followed by the students in the conversation class. It is aimed to improve the students skill in conversation or speak English. Kvavik (2010) states that grammar should be integreted into the conversational topic and activity. In the conversation activity, the speaker shoul consider the grammar use in doing interaction. It is useful to interpret the real condition or situation when speakers do the conversation. It help the speaker get the comprehension when diong the speaking with their parthner or group, and it will not make the ambiguity about topic that they are convensing. The grammar use has to be appropriate with the topic conversation
.
Whereas, Gangal (2012) explains that the main activities in conversation class is improvement vocabulary and speaking practice for the students. This opinion support the previous statement, the activities in conversation class are vocabulary and speaking practise. These aspects can be the reason because the conversation need more practice than theory, and this is aimed to train the students or the learner to have conversational skill in real situation in English.Based on the explanation above, the main point in activities in the conversation course class are vocabulary and speaking practice. The expert said that because in speaking activities can happen if the speaker utters some words and sentences, it must need vocabulary knowledge. Then, after the speaker should know about the vocabulary, they have to practice or pronounce them in speaking activities.Because of that the conversation will happen between thespeaker and the listener.
RESEARCH METHOD
The research design that used by researcher is descriptive quantitative research. The purpose of this research is to describe effect of English club on students’ speaking ability.
According Subana and Sudrajat (2005) descriptive quantitative research concludes fact, situation, variable, and phenomenon that happen at the time and present it with reality.
It means that, in this research, the researcher found out the data at the field based on students’ speaking score. The researcher describe effect of English club on students’
3 speaking ability at SMP N 2 Lembah
Gumanti. The purpose of descriptive research is to gain information of the phenomenon in order to describe the exsisting condition.
Gay (2000) stated that a descriptive study determines and describes the way thing are.
In this case, the study wants to analyze effect of English club on students’ speaking ability.
In this research the researcher describe effect of English club on students’ speaking ability.
The instrument of this researchwas speaking test. Each students who join and do not join in English Club Program doing conversation.
According to Ari et al (2010), test is a set of stimuli presented to an individual in order to elicit responses on the basis of which a numerical score can be assigned. This score, based on a representative sample of the individual’s behavior, is an indicator of the extent to which the subject has the characteristic being measured. The aim of the test is to compare ability the students who join in English Club Program and do not join in this Program. The topic speaking tested in speaking test depend on what they have learned based on the materials teaching syllabus that were taught by teachers in SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti. While doing the research the researcher takes grade directly based on the formulation uses scoring.
The researcher which was resented as follow:
Score:
The formula is able to be understand by the following explanation. The researcher can calculate the score of the students speaking ability by the total score that students get for all of categories divide into maximum ideal score (15) and then multiply by 100.
Furthermore, the classification of the score are if the students got 5 (five) it mean they are very good in speaking, score 4 (four) isgood enough, score 3 (three) is good, score 2 (two) is enough,1 (one) is poor, indicate they are bad in speaking.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
English Club in SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti have schedule, teachers, activity and target
that the school want to achieve. English club in SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti devided in to three class. Class VII held on Friday after Jum’at pray, for class VIII this program held on Wednesday at 2.00 pm, and for students class IX held on Thursday at 2.30 pm. This program held once a week, during one hour but if the students want to perform them drama or story telling, they can have more time to practice. Activity for class VII are, how to introduce the students self, games, to know the simple vocabulary, and drama.
Activity for class VIII are, study simple grammatical, story telling, and drama. For class IX school focus to students’
conversation and prepare them to face final examination. Target this program is the students’ can have good ability in English compared with the students who do not join in this program. In this research the researcher focus on class IX activity.
The resercher found students who join in English Club program have good ability in speaking and Differences between students who join in English Club program and who do not join in this program.
The researcher get this score by using speaking test. The aspects assessed were grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation. the researcher find effect of English Club on students’ speaking ability and find significanse differencess between students who join in English Club and students who do not join in this program. The first is effect of English club on students speaking ability, the resercher can see from table score that the researcher find when doing speaking test.
Student A get 4 in grammar, 5 in vocabulary and 5 in pronunciation, it means that Student A has good ability in speaking. From all of students who join in English Club program only Student 5 has score under seven in speaking ability, based on information that the researcher get from teachers who teach in English Club program, Student 5 is a student who seldom come in English club program
.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
English Club is one of Extracurricular what help students in study English espesially in speaking. In SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti there are three programs in English Club namely Story telling, Drama and Conversation class.
4 Each class have different time, for class VII
held on Friday after jum’t pray, class VIII held on wWednesday at 2.00 pm, and class IX held on Thursday at 2.30 pm. Class VII and class VIII, study all of programs but class IX only study Conversation class and and prepare for them national final examination.
Based on the research finding, the researcher formulated the conclusion into;first, English Club give positive effects for students at SMP N 2 Lembah Gumanti. The students have better speaking ability then students those who do not. Differencess between students who join in English club program and who do not join to this program are, the students who join in English Club program have speaking ability both in grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation.
After doing the investigation phase in the field analyzing the collected data, the researcher states perceptive suggestions in at this poin. Firstly, all teacher can know the effect of English Club program and maintain this program to continue running. Second, the students motivated to join in English club program, the students make English Club as one of needs in study English especially in speaking ability and for the students who do not join to this program can interesting to join in this program.
As the controller of the English Club, the headmaster is supposed t o s uppor t this activity. It will be good if the headmaster also evaluate the activity of the English Club regularly; for example in every semester the headmaster gives feedback to the teacher about the activities that have been done. It is important for the next researchers to know the schedules of the activities before, so it will be easy to arrange the time for the observation. The activities in the English Club should be matched with the activities in the regular class, because the aim of the English Club is to support the activities in the regular class. The English teacher and the English Club teacher should meet and arrange the plan of the activities together.
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Ary, Donald. et al 2010. Introduction to Research in Education. Toronto:
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Brown, Douglas, H. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and
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Gay, LR and Peter, Airisian. 2000.
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Ganggal, J.K. 2012. Practically Speaking Conversational English. New Delhi: Asoke K. Ghost.
Kvavik, Karen H. 2010. Some Ideas for the Conversation Class. Retrieved in
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