Energy analysis of a hybrid solar dryer for drying coffee beans

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Energy analysis of a hybrid solar dryer for drying coﬀee beans

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, , , ,

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Tembalang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia

Abstract

In this study, hybrid solar drying of coﬀee beans was performed, and energy analysis was carried out, to assess the system’s performance, in terms of energy eﬃciency, compared to solar drying and the open sun

drying method. The dryer has three compartments: solar collector for collecting solar radiation, drying chamber, and a Liquid Petroleum Gas burner, which acted as an auxiliary heater to assist the thermal energy . The

drying chamber has four trays for placing the dried product. The initial moisture content of coffee beans was . % w.b and was reduced to the final moisture content between - % w.b. The coffee beans dried faster when subjected to the solar hybrid drying method, compared to other methods, with the dryer temperature of °C,

°C, and °C. Results indicated that the coﬀee beans ’ drying times varied from to hours. However, at temperature °C and °C for the st tray, the water content was reduced more rapidly compared to the other tray.

From the results of this study, we can see the different efficiency of solar collector that shows of . % at variable temperature °C for drying time : to : p.m for hybrid solar drying and for the solar drying process is . % at the range of drying time : to : p.m. Mathematical modelling shows that Page model is the most suitable for describing the coffee beans ’ drying behaviour using a hybrid solar dryer . The effective diffusivity values found in this experiment are all in the acceptable range for most agricultural products. ©

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Author keywords

Coﬀee Beans Energy Analysis Hybrid Solar Dryer Mathematical Modeling Solar Drying

Funding details

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The authors would like to thank the Directorate General of Research Strengthening and Development as a branch of Indonesia’s Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, for granting the funds to this research in ﬁscal year.

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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2020, Pages 131-139

Suherman, S.  Widuri, H. Patricia, S. Susanto, E.E. Sutrisna, R.J. 

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ISSN: 22524940 Source Type: Journal Original language: English

DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.131-139 Document Type: Article

Publisher: Diponegoro university Indonesia - Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

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Table of Contents

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On the Eddy Current Losses in Metallic Towers

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Hamza Kurt Views: 463 (#) |

| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.1-6 (https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.1-6)

Received: 16 Oct 2019; Revised: 10 Dec 2019; Accepted: 9 Jan 2020; Published: 18 Feb 2020; Available online: 15 Feb 2020.

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6/7/2020 Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020

International Journal Of Renewable Energy Development(IJRED) ISSN:2252-4940 By CBIORE Diponegoro University (/Index.Php/Ijred/Index) Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (Http://Creativecommons.Org/Licenses/By/4.0/). Based On A Work At Www.Undip.Ac.Id (Http://Www.Undip.Ac.Id).

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Energy Analysis of a Hybrid Solar Dryer for Drying Coffee Beans

(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/26342) Suherman Suherman, Hasri Widuri, Shelyn Patricia, Evan

Eduard Susanto, Raa Jaya Sutrisna Views: 290 (#) |

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Mathematical Modelling of Solar Photovoltaic

Cell/Panel/Array based on the Physical Parameters from the Manufacturer’s Datasheet

*Manoharan Premkumar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Manoharan+Premkumar) (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1032-4634) (http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?

authorId=57191413142) - Department of EEE, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India (javascript:openRTWindow('https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijred/rt/emailAuthor/22207/0');) Chandrasekaran Kumar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Chandrasekaran+Kumar) - Department of

EEE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India

Ravichandran Sowmya (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Ravichandran+Sowmya) - Department of EEE, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Received: 24 Oct 2019; Revised: 27 Jan 2020; Accepted: 4 Feb 2020; Published: 18 Feb 2020; Available online: 15 Feb 2020.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.7-22 (https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.7-22)

License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

How to cite (IEEE): M. Premkumar, C. Kumar, and R. Sowmya, "Mathematical Modelling of Solar Photovoltaic Cell/Panel/Array based on the Physical Parameters from the Manufacturer’s

Datasheet," International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 7-22, Feb. 2020.

https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.7-22 (https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.7-22) Citation Format: IEEE Download Citation

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Abstract

This paper discusses a modi ed V-I relationship for the solar photovoltaic (PV) single diode based equivalent model. The model is derived from an equivalent circuit of the PV cell. A PV cell is used to convert the solar incident light to electrical energy. The PV module is derived from the group of series connected PV cells and PV array, or PV string is formed by connecting the group of series and parallel connected PV panels. The model proposed in this paper is applicable for both series and parallel connected PV string/array systems. Initially, the V-I characteristics are derived for a single PV cell, and

nally, it is extended to the PV panel and, to string/array. The solar PV cell model is derived based on ve parameters model which requires the data’s from the manufacturer’s data sheet. The derived PV model is precisely forecasting the P-V characteristics, V-I characteristics, open circuit voltage, short circuit current and maximum power point (MPP) for the various temperature and solar irradiation conditions. The model in this paper forecasts the required data for both polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon panels. This PV model is suitable for the PV system of any capacity. The proposed model is simulated using Matlab/Simulink for various PV array con gurations, and nally, the derived model is examined in partial shading condition under the various environmental

conditions to nd the optimal con guration. The PV model proposed in this paper can achieve 99.5%

Keywords: Forecasting; I-V characteristics; Maximum power point; Partial shading; PV cell.

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10/22/2020 Thermal Performance Improvement of the Heat Pipe by Employing Dolomite/Ethylene Glycol Nanofluid | Aydin | International Journ…

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Thermal Performance Improvement of the Heat Pipe by Employing Dolomite/Ethylene Glycol Nano uid

Duygu Yilmaz Aydin (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Duygu+Yilmaz+Aydin) - Chemical Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

Metin Gürü (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Metin+Gürü) - Chemical Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

Adnan Sözen (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Adnan+Sözen) - Energy Systems Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

*Erdem Çiftçi (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Erdem+Çiftçi) (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493- 5962) (http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57201068714) - Energy Systems Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

(javascript:openRTWindow('https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijred/rt/emailAuthor/28607/0');) Received: 16 Oct 2019; Revised: 5 Jan 2020; Accepted: 28 Jan 2020; Published: 18 Feb 2020; Available online: 15 Feb 2020.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.23-27 (https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.23-27)

License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

How to cite (IEEE): D. Aydin, M. Gürü, A. Sözen, and E. Çiftçi, "Thermal Performance Improvement of the Heat Pipe by Employing Dolomite/Ethylene Glycol Nano uid," International Journal of

Renewable Energy Development, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 23-27, Feb. 2020.

https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.23-27 (https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.23-27) Citation Format: IEEE Download Citation

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Section: Original Research Article Language: EN (#)

In Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020 (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijred/issue/view/2751) Statistics: 735 (#) 462 (#)

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10/22/2020 Thermal Performance Improvement of the Heat Pipe by Employing Dolomite/Ethylene Glycol Nanofluid | Aydin | International Journ…

1. Baïri, A. and Laraqi, N. (2019) Experimental quanti cation of natural convective heat transfer within annulus space lled with a H2O-Cu nano uid saturated porous medium. Application to electronics cooling. Experimental Heat Transfer, 32(4), 364-375.

2. Bang, I.C. and Chang, S.H. (2005) Boiling heat transfer performance and phenomena of Al2O3- water nano- uids from a plain surface in a pool. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 48(12), 2407–2419.

3. Chen, Y-J., Wang, P.-Y., Liu, Z.-H. and Li, Y.-Y. (2013) Heat transfer characteristics of a new type of copper wire-bonded at heat pipe using nano uids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 67, 548-559.

4. Dagdevir, T., Keklicioglu, O. and Ozceyhan, V. (2019) The effect of chamfer length on thermal and hydraulic performance by using Al2O3-water nano uid through a square cross-sectional duct. Heat Transfer Research, 50(12), 1183-1204.

5. Das; S.K., Putra, N., Thiesen, P. and Roetzel, W. (2003) Temperature Dependence of Thermal Conductivity Enhancement for Nano uids. Journal of Heat Transfer-Transactions of the ASME, 125(4), 567-574.

6. Ghanbarpour, M., Nikkam, N., Khodabandeh, R. and Toprak, M.S. (2015) Improvement of heat transfer characteristics of cylindrical heat pipe by using SiC nano uids. Applied Thermal Engineering, 90, 127-135.

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Abstract

In heat transfer applications, heat pipes are widely- preferred because of some characteristics such as low cost, being able to be produced in any size and low maintenance cost make them superior.

Moreover, the working uid to be employed substantially affects the heat transfer characteristics of a heat pipe. In this paper, effects of nanoparticle addition into the ethylene glycol on heat pipe’s thermal performance were analysed experimentally. Every test was done using two variant working

uids, ethylene glycol and dolomite nanoparticles-doped ethylene glycol, respectively. Dolomite nanoparticles (2% by weight) and Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (0.5% by weight) were doped into the ethylene glycol while preparing the dolomite/ethylene glycol nano uid. After lling in the heat pipe, experiments were realized under changing working conditions. Using experimental data, ef ciency and thermal resistance of the heat pipe were examined. Viscosity of the each working uid was determined. The contact angle –wettability measurements were also performed to specify the effects of surface active agent addition. The obtained ndings revealed that nanoparticle inclusion inside the base uid, i.e. ethylene glycol, improved the thermal performance (ef ciency) and

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