Supplemental table 1. Odds ratios for the association between each endogenous-related hormone factors and prevalence of chronic rhinitis in urban postmenopausal women according to KNHNES 2010-2012
Mean±SE univariablea multivariableb
Rhinitis(+)
(n=406) Rhinitis(-)
(n=1,697) OR (95%CI) p-value OR (95%CI) p-value
Age at menarche (y) 15.9 ± 0.1 16.1 ± 0.1 0.97 0.2627 1.00 0.9499
(0.91, 1.03) (0.93, 1.07)
Age at menopause (y) 49.7 ± 0.2 49.8 ± 0.1 1.00 0.8727 0.99 0.7568
(0.97, 1.03) (0.96, 1.03)
Postmenopausal duration (y) 12.0 ± 0.7 13.8 ± 0.4 0.99 0.0248* 1.00 0.6716
(0.98, 0.998) (0.98, 1.02)
Age at first delivery(y) 24.4 ± 0.2 24.1 ± 0.1 1.02 0.3597 0.99 0.7123
(0.98, 1.04) (0.94, 1.04)
Number of deliveries 3.0 ± 0.1 3.1 ± 0.1 0.95 0.3039 1.21 0.0190
(0.87, 1.04) (1.03, 1.42)
Duration of breastfeeding (6m) 6.7 ± 0.4 8.2 ± 0.3 0.97 0.0032* 0.96 0.0136
(0.96, 0.99) (0.93, 0.99)
n = unweighted number of study population, N = weighted number of population
KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SE, standard error; OR, odd ratios; CI, confidence interval
a unadjusted
b Adjusted for age, smoke, alcohol, household income, residential location, education, occupation, BMI and waist circumference
Supplemental table 2. Odds ratios for the association between each endogenous-related hormone factors and prevalence of chronic rhinitis in rural postmenopausal women according to KNHNES 2010-2012
Mean±SE univariablea multivariableb
Rhinitis(+)
(n=131) Rhinitis(-)
(n=809) OR (95%CI) p-value OR (95%CI) p-value
Age at menarche (y) 16.5 ± 0.3 16.5 ± 0.1 1.00 0.9877 1.03 0.6541
(0.89, 1.13) (0.91, 1.16)
Age at menopause (y) 48.3 ± 0.6 48.9 ± 0.2 0.98 0.4353 0.95 0.2270
(0.94, 1.03) (0.88, 1.03)
Postmenopausal duration (y) 17.8 ± 1.4 17.8 ± 0.6 1.00 0.9831 0.97 0.1844
(0.98, 1.02) (0.94, 1.01)
Age at first delivery(y) 22.3 ± 0.3 22.7 ± 0.2 0.96 0.2368 0.95 0.2668
(0.89, 1.03) (0.86, 1.04)
Number of deliveries 4.2 ± 0.2 4.1 ± 0.1 1.03 0.6552 1.09 0.4030
(0.91, 1.16) (0.89, 1.33)
Duration of breastfeeding (6m) 12.3 ± 0.9 12.3 ± 0.5 1.00 0.9688 1.00 0.8188
(0.98, 1.02) (0.96, 1.04)
n = unweighted number of study population, N = weighted number of population
KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SE, standard error; OR, odd ratios; CI, confidence interval
a unadjusted
b Adjusted for age, smoke, alcohol, household income, residential location, education, occupation, BMI and waist circumference
Supplemental table 3. Baseline characteristics of postmenopausal women with AR and the control according to KNHANES 2010
AR (+)
(n=14, N=386,267)
AR (-)
(n=181, N=3,771,871) p-value
Age (years) 65.2 ± 4.5 62.5 ± 1.1 0.5565
Smoke 0.5820
NO 12 (95.4) 169 (92.6)
YES 2 (4.6) 12 (7.4)
Alcohol 0.6739
NO 5 (32.4) 75 (40.9)
YES 9 (67.6) 106 (59.1)
Household income 0.6158
<25% 3 (28.0) 63 (41.4)
25-50% 6 (40.2) 43 (20.5)
51-75% 1 (11.0) 39 (20.6)
>75% 3 (20.8) 35 (17.4)
Residential location 0.8317
Urban 9 (62.2) 127 (66.3)
Rural 5 (37.8) 54 (33.7)
Education 0.4537
Less than elementary 9 (69.7) 108 (64.0)
Less than high school 3 (24.5) 32 (16.5)
Less than college 1 (1.8) 33 (16.8)
More than college 1 (4.0) 7 (2.7)
Occupation 0.9323
Office work 3 (21.4) 32 (17.7)
Manual work 3 (21.4) 38 (21.0)
Housewife 8 (57.1) 111 (61.3)
BMI (kg/m2)a 27.3 ± 1.5 24.4 ± 0.3 0.0677
Waist circumference (cm) 89.7 ± 3.5 82.4 ± 0.9 0.0453*
Data are presented as sample numbers (weighted percentages), and plus–minus values are the mean ± standard error unless otherwise
indicated.
n = unweighted number of study population, N = weighted number of population
KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; BMI, Body-mass index
