1 Nur Istianah, S.T.,M.T.,M.Eng_SPL_THP_UB
semester genap TA 2014/2015
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH
CAIR
2 Pengolahan
limbah Fisik
Kimia Biologi
3
Pengolahan Limbah
(secara fisik)Prinsip Dasar:
Menggunakan gaya natural
• Gravitasi
• Listrik/coulumb
• Van der waalls
Perubahan fisik
• Evaporasi
• Agglomerasi
• No chemical reaction
Teknologi pemisahan
4
Teknologi Pemisahan
Pengayakan Sedimentasi
Flotasi Adsorpsi
Filtrasi
Membran
Flate
Spiral
Hollow
Membran
3 steps of waste water treatment
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY
PURPOSE:
To Filter the solid waste
PURPOSE : To Eliminate
BOD
PURPOSE : To get the clean water
Methods:
-Oxidation -Using activated
sludge process
Methods : - discard the
poisonous organic compounds, hard metal, bacterias Methods:
-Filtration
-Sedimentation
• Primary Treatment
(Reduce Solids 50-60%, BOD 30-50%)
Bar screens, Comminutor, Grit chamber (Settling tank)
• Secondary Treatment
(Solids 85-95%, BOD 80-95%)
Trickling filter, Activated sludge, Water treatment ponds
• Advanced Treatment
(Solids ~100%, BOD ~99%)
Land Application, Coagulation-sedimentation, Adsorption, Electrodialysis
Major Stages of Treatment
Flokulasi & koagulasi
filter
Tangki air bersih Cooling tower
Alat penukar panas
Boiler Alat penukar
panas Softener Praheater
Air pedingin
Air
pembangkit steam
Air proses
Limbah cair
Air sanitasi Cl2
Air baku
Tangki penampung
Blow down
sludge Koagulan & flokulan
Bagan alir sistem pengolahan air industri
kondensa t
stea m
F.Eff/05
Water treatment
primer
LUMPUR Bak koagulasi
(hidraulik)
koagulan Bak flokulasi
(mekanikal)
Bak sedimentasi
Water treatment
Air baku
KONVENSIONAL
- Koagulasi - Flokulasi
- Sedimentasi
Pada unit – unit terpisah Air bersih
CLARIFIER
- KOAGULASI (1) - FLOKULASI (2) - SEDIMENTASI (3)
PADA SATU KOMPARTEMENT (UNIT)
Air masuk Bahan kimia
Air bersih
1
2 3
Lumpur
Tampak bagian dalam clarifier
Scraper
Influent well Weir untuk
effluent
Pengumpul sludge
Air masuk
Koagulan
Air bersih
Lumpur
Bagian Sedimentasi Bagian
Flokulasi Bagian
Koagulasi
IPA tipe Plate Settler clarifier
