DESIGN STUDENTS OF AN-NUR AL MUNIR VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TOWARD SPEAKING SKILLS
THESIS
BY
Muhammad Husein Ali 22002073035
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM MALANG POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM 2022
Ali, Husein. 2022. The Perception of Twelfth Grade of Fashion Design Students of An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School Toward Speaking Skills. Thesis, English Education Department, Postgraduate Program, University of Islam Malang.
Supervisor, Dr. Muhammad Yunus, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Sonny Elfiyanto, S.S., S.Pd., M.Pd., Ph.D.
Education is instrumental in shaping the lives of individuals in a society.
Educational institutions need to provide quality education to prepare the students for the future generation. As such, schools offer an environment where students can learn the required skills and knowledge. Every organization has different characteristics based on its purpose and mission. All students have varied perspectives on what it means to learn to speak English, according to students' perceptions. Although learning English is not simple, it can be made much more enjoyable if teachers and students fill in for one another.
The purpose of this study is to describe Students’ Perception Toward Speaking Skills at An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School. The focus of this study is qualitative analysis. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative research approach as a design strategy because it was analogous to gathering information from students' perceptions. The use of this research approach is tailored to the basic purpose of research, namely to describe twelfth-grade students’ perception of English-speaking lessons at An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School.
The research approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. With this kind of qualitative descriptive research. In accordance with the qualitative approach and the data source used, the data collection techniques used are: observation, interview and documentation. The Data obtained is collected, then processed into a single picture of the problem, analyzed and compared with the scientific theory discussed, then given conclusions. The steps in this qualitative data analysis technique are: data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal conclusion.
The results of Students’ Perception Toward Speaking Skill at An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School show that Facilities that support learning activities well, including this English-speaking learning activity, result in enjoyable learning.
Various students have different opinions about language acquisition. Some come with a lot of benefits, while others have some drawbacks. However, the researcher's data show that An-Nur Al-Munir Vocational High Schools twelfth- grade fashion students who are learning to speak English have more advantages than disadvantages in doing so.
Keywords: Perception, Speaking Skill, Vocational High School.
Ali, Husein. 2022. Persepsi Siswa Kelas XII Tata Busana SMK An-Nur Al Munir Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara. Tesis, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Islam Malang.
Pembimbing, Dr. Muhammad Yunus, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Sonny Elfiyanto, S.S., S.Pd., M.Pd., Ph.D.
Pendidikan berperan penting dalam membentuk kehidupan individu dalam suatu masyarakat. Lembaga pendidikan perlu menyediakan pendidikan yang berkualitas untuk mempersiapkan peserta didik menjadi generasi masa depan.
Dengan demikian, sekolah menawarkan lingkungan di mana siswa dapat mempelajari keterampilan dan pengetahuan yang dibutuhkan. Setiap organisasi memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda berdasarkan tujuan dan misinya. Semua siswa memiliki perspektif yang bervariasi tentang apa artinya belajar berbicara bahasa Inggris, sesuai dengan persepsi siswa. Meskipun belajar bahasa Inggris tidak sederhana, namun dapat dibuat lebih menyenangkan jika guru dan siswa saling mengisi.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara di SMK An-Nur Al Munir. Fokus penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif sebagai strategi desain karena dianalogikan dengan mengumpulkan informasi dari persepsi siswa. Penggunaan pendekatan penelitian ini disesuaikan dengan tujuan dasar penelitian, yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi siswa kelas dua belas terhadap pelajaran bahasa Inggris di SMK An-Nur Al Munir.
Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah
pendekatan kualitatif. Dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sesuai dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan sumber data yang digunakan, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah: observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dikumpulkan, kemudian diolah menjadi satu gambaran masalah, dianalisis dan dibandingkan dengan teori ilmiah yang dibahas, kemudian diberikan kesimpulan. Langkah-langkah dalam teknik analisis data kualitatif ini adalah: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Hasil Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara di SMK An-Nur Al Munir menunjukkan bahwa Fasilitas yang mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran dengan baik, termasuk kegiatan pembelajaran berbahasa Inggris ini, menghasilkan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan.
Berbagai siswa memiliki pendapat yang berbeda tentang pemerolehan bahasa. Beberapa datang dengan banyak manfaat, sementara yang lain memiliki beberapa kekurangan. Namun, data peneliti menunjukkan bahwa siswa kelas dua SMK mode An-Nur Al-Munir yang belajar berbicara bahasa Inggris memiliki lebih banyak keuntungan daripada kerugian dalam melakukannya.
Kata kunci: Persepsi, Keterampilan Berbicara, Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
1
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, the researcher is going to explain the background of the study, research questions, objectives of the study, significance of the study, and
definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
Education is instrumental in shaping the lives of individuals in a society.
Educational institutions need to provide quality education to prepare the students for the future generation. As such, schools offer an environment where students can learn the required skills and knowledge. Every organization has different characteristics based on its purpose and mission. Likewise, each school has a unique culture. School effectiveness has been a topic of great interest involving serious debates for an increasing body of academic research since the 1960s.
Earlier studies suggested that a child’s achievement was influenced by family background and socioeconomic status rather than school factors (Coleman et al., 1966). However, subsequent studies have revealed that school factors do in fact make a difference in students’ learning irrespective of their socioeconomic status or family background. Studies on school effectiveness indicate that some schools are more successful than others, encouraging researchers to uncover the factors contributing to an effective school. Researchers have offered multiple views of effective schools. An effective school has been defined as an organization in
which all students are provided with equal opportunities and resources to learn and as an environment conducive to development and accountable to all
stakeholders (Gunal & Demirtash, 2016). A prevalent view of an effective school is that it is a place where students progress further than expected from considering its intake (Sammons, 2006; Sammons, Hillman, & Mortimore, 1995). The main objective of schools is to improve their quality (Akay & Aypay, 2016) and an effective school is observed to add value to students’ outcomes.
The teaching and learning process must have been tightly related within the educational setting. Teaching essentially involves establishing conditions or environmental systems that encourage and facilitate learning. In principle, teaching entails guiding students through the teaching and learning process. It means that teaching is an endeavor to structure the learning environment so pupils can absorb and retain the information being addressed. This concept indicates that teachers must be able to plan students' learning activities and must be able to use the environment both within and outside the classroom to promote teaching and learning. Harmer (2007) points out that one of the essential tasks that teachers have to perform is organizing students to do various activities. This often involves giving the students information, telling them how they will do the activity, putting them into pairs of groups, and finally closing things down when it is time to stop (p.111). It indicates that without the presence of a teacher, pupils will find it nearly impossible to learn on their own during their studies.
With various ways or methods used by teachers in making it easier for students to understand the lessons delivered, it also requires students' seriousness
in accepting learning materials. The teaching and learning process cannot be separated from various factors that can affect and support its sustainability. One of the main support is the role of teachers in inviting students to be able to do good learning, especially in speaking learning is needed a variety of directions that can help students to improve their speaking skills. Speaking skills have always been considered difficult by students because lack of habit to communicate doing English. While teaching a language without any cultural references or meaning, one may know the language but they may not be successful in learning and using the target language due to a lack of cultural knowledge or background (Sahin, 2016). According to Handayani et al. (2018), learning is not only conveying messages to students, but rather the interaction between the teacher and students, students with the teacher and students with students. From these quotes, it can be seen that in the learning process, students and teachers must interact with each other to get points from the material being discussed. When the teacher has used various methods of delivering material, we want to know how students perceive the learning process.
In learning activities, student perception leads to how students perceive and assess teachers while teaching. Shaleh (2009) defined perception based on the Islamic perspective; it defines the psychological function as a link between the understanding of the event and the reality of life. In a nutshell, the writer defines perception as a means of interpreting the meaning of objects, activities, people, things, and other things through the use of sense organs that is informed by prior experience. Therefore, the researcher wanted to know the students' perceptions
about the English-speaking lesson and to determine the extent of the student’s perceptions of the teachers who teach English.
One of the most important things for people is to learn a language. It helps people communicate and interact with each other (Beaulieu, Woll, French, &
Duchemin, 2018; McKee, Safar, & Alexander, 2021). English is very often considered difficult for many students, and students' perception of speaking lessons has an important role in growing their learning interests. Teachers must be able to interact well when in class or outside the classroom to establish positive feedback in learning. The feedback here is very closely related to students'
speaking skills. In education, learning a language such as a foreign language is an important subject for students to study and master. Learning a foreign language, especially English is necessary for the students because English is the language used by many people to communicate around the world (Atabekova,
Lutskovskaia, & Gorbatenko, 2021; Szőcs, 2017). Therefore, it can assist pupils in communicating with people from other countries. A quarter of the world's
population speaks English, making it the most widely spoken language on the planet. It signifies that most people in the world speak and communicate in English. (Sulistiyo, 2016; Zein, Sukyadi, Hamied, & Lengkanawati, 2020).
Students' speaking skills are essential to get used to because it is not easy to invite students to interact using English. It is difficult for teachers to achieve effective interaction with learners. Therefore, learners’ individual needs cannot be met (Li et al., 2021). Learning is essential in Indonesian education. English is one of the subjects that kids should acquire in school and pass during the teaching and
learning process (Dippold et al., 2020; Ling et al., 2014). It means English is necessary for the students. English is a language that is used and understood by a lot of people and language international (Chen et al., 2019; Dang, 2021). Speaking English is complex and not all students have the courage to say it; therefore, providing the proper learning for them is needed to welcome competent speakers in English. Every student must have a different perception of learning to speak English. Perception regulates patterns of human attitudes and interactions carried out continuously with their environment. This is because perception results from a series of experiences about an object, event, or relationship that a person acquires by interpreting messages and synthesizing information. English is the
international language that people can use to communicate with other people in other cultures or countries. In English, there are four basic skills that students should learn and master during learning English (Liu & Hu, 2021; Lou, Lin, Hsin, Shih, & Cheng, 2013). To be able students to learn and master English, the
teacher can use some teaching techniques in teaching the students (Rahmat &
Akbar, 2019; Yusuf & Mabagits, 2020).
On the other hand, this present study is considered different from some previous relevant research. In a previous study by Suryani et al. (2021), this research focuses on students’ perceptions and needs toward speaking for general communication. This study is conducted using a survey method based on Kirkpatricks’ Model. The survey accumulated and investigated learners perception of speaking for a general communication course after learning and practising it in the online lecturing class. The respondents of the survey were selected using the
purposive sampling method. The subject of this study was 165 students in the first semester of the English Language Study Program at IKIP Siliwangi Bandung. They were taking a speaking for a general communication course. Based on the result, most students had a positive perception that they could improve their speaking skills after the teaching session. But from this research, there are three things that are not in accordance with the needs of students, namely handouts/teaching materials, technological confidence, and topics of materials. Therefore, in this study, the researcher wanted to know the perception of the twelfth-grade fashion design students of An-Nur Al Munir vocational high school toward speaking skills in which handouts and material topics also affect classroom learning.
Moreover, a study conducted by Soparno and Tarjana (2021) aimed to find out the students’ perceptions and the factors influencing students’ perceptions toward the use of the mobile application in learning English, mainly speaking. The findings showed positive perception from the students toward using Learn English Conversation application in learning speaking. They declared that using the Learning English Conversation application could facilitate them in practicing speaking, bringing fun and enjoyable learning during the learning process. So from the results of this study, mobile applications are also very influential in the learning process, especially in speaking skills.
Previous research by Rezalou and Yağiz (2021) investigated the effects of using communicative activities in communicative language teaching (CLT) classrooms to improve students' speaking performance and reduce their difficulties in speaking skills were investigated. The researcher intended to enhance the
students' speaking ability using the Communicative Language Teaching Method and communicative activities. The findings revealed the effectiveness of speaking classes because students were significantly more satisfied with their speaking ability after the interventions. Statistically significant differences were found in students' perceptions and attitudes toward using communicative activities.
Based on the above background, the researcher conducts fundamental research in the vocation high school entitled The Perception of Twelfth Grade of Fashion Design Students of An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School Toward Speaking Skills.
1.2 Research Question
Based on the background of the problem, the research question is formulated as how do students’ perceptions toward speaking skills at An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
Based on the background of the study and the research problem above, the objective of the study can be formulated as to know a detailed description of The Twelfth Grade of Fashion Design Students of An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School Toward Speaking Skills, such as Students’ Perception Toward Speaking Skill at An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School.
1.4 Significance of the Study
Theoretically, this research is essential to help teachers discover perceptions and why students perceive learning to speak English. The w also aims to help students understand English-speaking learning and be fully aware of speaking learning.
In addition, practically, this study is also used as a reference for subsequent researchers who want to conduct research related to students' perception of speech learning.
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The study focuses on knowing students' perceptions of learning to speak English at An-Nur al Munir Vocational High School. Data collection was carried out on 40 female students, carried out only on female students because this vocational school was majoring in fashion. The study was conducted through interviews with female students to know for sure the answers expressed by them.
The interview results can be used as a guide in concluding the results to be disclosed by the researcher.
While the limitations in this study have not been added to the Google Form to get direct results, there is a percentage of student opinions.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
1.6.1 Perception
Stones and Nielsen (1985: 205) state that perception is an intellectual organization of internal and external sensory stimuli connected with a particular person, object or event. While Leather (1992) proposes that perception is the cognitive process that individuals use to interpret and understand the world around them.
Students’ perception is the psychological process of perceiving twelfth-grade fashion design students toward speaking skills. The influences of students’ learning environment interpret students’
thoughts and opinions.
1.6.2 Speaking skills
Speaking skills are critical in daily activities. “Speaking is typed as ‘an activity involving two or more people in which is the participants are both hearer speaker having to teach to what they hear and make their contribution at high speed’" (Johnson, et al.1997:17).
Speaking is the action of conveying information or expressing one's thoughts and feelings in the spoken English language.
1.6.3 Vocational high school
Mardiyah and Supriyadi (2013) mentioned that vocational schools aim to equip their students with skills that follow their interests so that they will be helpful when they work in the industry. Narwoto and Soeharto (2013) add that vocational education is education aimed at preparing
students who can work in specific fields with the competencies based on their interests.
Vocational high school is a school which does not spend all the time in the classroom. The students usually learn to spend their time in the practice rather than in the school.
42
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
In this chapter, the researcher is going to explain about conclusion and suggestions.
6.1 CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the acquisition and analysis of the research data entitled The Perception of Twelfth Grade of Fashion Design Students of An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School Toward Speaking Skills, the researcher can then take the following conclusions:
According to students' thoughts, there are many different perspectives among all students on what it means to learn English. Although learning English is not simple, it can be made much more enjoyable if teachers and students fill in for one another. Therefore, it should be possible for both a teacher and a student to be educators who can give their students engaging and varied learning experiences.
In addition, the teacher and the student should be proficient speakers using English-speaking expertise.
Speaking can be understood as a human interaction when people exchange ideas, messages, emotions, feelings, and wants. Because of this, effective communication requires that speaking techniques be grasped, understood, planned, and prepared. Buildings, classrooms, books, libraries, laboratories, tables, chairs, as well as other teaching aids and media are examples of learning
facilities. Learning facilities also include additional equipment that is directly used and supports the educational process, particularly in the teaching and learning process. Facilities that support learning activities well, including this English-speaking learning activity, result in enjoyable learning.
Various students have different opinions about language acquisition. Some come with a lot of benefits, while others have some drawbacks. However, the researcher's data show that twelfth-grade fashion design students at An-Nur Al- Munir Vocational High School who are learning to speak English have more advantages than disadvantages.
6.2 SUGGESTION
Following the discussion of the conclusion mentioned above, it is not excessive for researchers to offer advice on research and can be taken into consideration students perceptions toward speaking skills at An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School. The suggestions are as follows:
1. For educators, An-Nur Al Munir Vocational High School, it is expected to always maintain and develop students ' speaking skills by fixing existing deficiencies, such as students seeming less confident and still afraid to try to speak English
2. For students, it is expected to improve the outcome of students speaking skills in attempting to learn to speak English.
3. For other researchers, it is expected to develop this research better when conducting research that is still related to students perceptions toward speaking skills.
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