PRADUGA TAK BERSALAH DAN PRADUGA BERSALAH
DALAM PROSES PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DI INDONESIA OLEH KEPOLISIAN
Manuel Defender Nakamnanu
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Sosio Yustisia Bulaksumur No.1 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
E-mail: manueldefender06@gmail.com
disampaikan November 2023 – ditinjau Desember 2023 – diterima Desember 2023
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1 Anthony Davidson Gray, “The Presumption Of Innocence Under Attack”, New Criminal Law Review: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol. 20, No. 4, 2017, hlm. 569-615.
416
2 Aristo Pangaribuan, “Innocent Until Presented”, Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, Vol. 50 No. 2, 2020, hlm. 344- 360.
3 J. E Sahetapy, 1995, Asas Praduga Bersalah, Sespim Pol, Lembang, hlm. 25.
4 Satjipto Rahardjo, 1986, Ilmu Hukum, Alumni, Bandung, hlm. 89.
417
5 Notohamidjojo, 1975, Soal-Soal Pokok Filsafat Hukum, Gumung Mulia, Jakarta, hlm. 49.
6 O. C. Kaligis, 2006, Perlindungan Hukum Atas Hak Asasi Tersangka, Terdakwa dan Terpidana, Alumni, Bandung, hlm. 131.
7 Bambang Poernomo, 1998, Orientasi Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia, Amarta Buku, Yogyakarta, hlm. 73.
8 Go Lisanawati, “The Existence Of Presumption Of Innocence Principle In Indonesian Anti-Money Laundering Law”, International Workshop Proceedings, School of Law, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 24 July 2020, hlm. 419.
418
9 Andi Hamzah, 2008, Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, hlm. 3.
10 Ahmad Ali, 2004, Meluruskan Jalan Reformasi Hukum, Agatama Press, Jakarta, hlm. 54.
11 Putu Edy Sukaryawan, dkk., “Legal Protection for Suspect on Sexual Harassment Against Children with Disabilities at The Examination Stage”, Jurnal Hukum Prasada, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2018, hlm. 83-89.
419
12 Marie Van Nostrand, “Our Journey Toward Pretrial Justice”, in Federal Probation, Vol. 71, No. 2, 2007, hlm.
20-25.
13 Bambang Poernomo, Op.Cit., hlm. 82.
14 L. Van der Ploeg dan F. Vanclay, “A Tool for Improving The Management Of Social And Human Rights Risks At Project Sites: The Human Rights Sphere”, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 14, No .2, 2017, hlm. 4072- 4084.
15 Lilik Mulyadi, 2004, Pembalikan Beban Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Alumni, Bandung, hlm. 276.
420
16 Siswanto Sunarso, 2005, Wawasan Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia, Citra Aditya Bakti, Bandung, hlm. 187.
17 O. C. Kaligis, 2006, Perlindungan Hukum atas Hak Asasi Tersangka, Terdakwa dan Terpidana, Alumni, Bandung, hlm. 374.
18 M. Yahya Harahap, 2009, Pembahasan Permasalahan dan Penerapan KUHAP Penyidikan dan Penuntutan, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, hlm. 40-41.
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19 T. Weigend, “Assuming that the Defendant is not Guilty: The Presumption of Innocence in the German System of Criminal Justice”, Criminal Law and Philosophy, Vol. 8 No. 2, 2014, hlm. 287.
20 J.E Sahetapy, Lo.Cit.
21 Ibid.
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22 Zainal Arifin Mochtar dan Eddy O.S Hiariej, 2023, Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Hukum: Memahami Kaidah, Teori, Asas dan Filsafat Hukum, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta Pusat, hlm. 162-163.
424
23 Ibid, hlm. 27.
24 Pamela R. Ferguson, “The Presumption of Innocence and Its Role In The Criminal Process”, Criminal Law Forum, Vol. 27, 2016, hlm. 131–158.
25 Marie Obidzinski dan Yves Oytana, “Presumption Of Innocence and Deterrence”, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Vol. 176, No. 2, 2020, hlm. 377-412.
425
26 Ibid.
27 J.E.Sahetapy, Op.Cit.
28 Shima Baradaran, “The Presumption of Punishment”, Crime Law and Philos, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2014, hlm. 391- 406.
29 Ibid.
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30 Victor Tadros, “Rethinking the presumption of innocence”, Crime Law and Philos, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2007, hlm.
193-213.
31 Ibid.
32 Ibid.
33 Ibid.
34 Ibid.
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35 John F. Stinneford, “The Original Meaning of ‘Unusual’: The Eighth Amendment as A Bar to Cruel Innovation”, Northwestern University Law Review, Vol. 102, No. 4, 2008, hlm. 1781.
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36 Puspita Ratnasari dan Adya Paramita Prabandari, “Legal Protection of the Rights of Suspects in Criminal Case Investigation Process in Human Rights Perspective”, International Journal of Social Science And Human Research, Vol. 05, 2022, hlm. 5051-5054.
37 Victor Tadros, Loc.Cit.
38 Ibid.
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39 Victor Tadros dan Stephen Tierney, “The Presumption of Innocence and the Human Rights Act”, The Modern Law Review, Vol. 67, No. 3, 2004, hlm. 402-434.
40 M. Husein Harun, 1991, Penyidik dan Penuntut Dalam Proses Pidana, PT. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta, hlm. 58.
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41 Iradhati Zahra dan Yehezkiel Genta, “Tinjauan Terhadap Asas Presumption of Guilt dalam Keadaan Tertangkap Tangan Tindak Pidana Kepemilikan Narkotika Sebagai Upaya Penegakan Hak Asasi Tersangka”, Padjadjaran Law Review, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2019, hlm. 36-45.
432
42 A. Saiful Aziz, "Rekonseptualisasi Tafsir Asas Praduga Tak Bersalah”, Jurnal Iqtisad, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2017, hlm.
21.
433
43 United States Institute of Peace “Model Codes For Post-Conflict Criminal Justice”
https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/MC2/ MC2-7-Ch4.pdf, diakses tanggal 9 Januari 2024.
434
44 Ibid.
45 Herbert Packer, 1968, “The Limits Of The Criminal Sanction”, Stanford University Press, Redwood, hlm. 161.
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46 Zainal Arifin Mochtar dan Eddy O.S Hiariej, Loc.Cit.
47 Amalia Syauket dan Fransiska Novita Eleanora, “Asas Praduga Tidak Bersalah dan Sistem Hukum Pembuktian di Indonesia”, Jurnal Ilmiah Raad Kertha, Vol 6, No 1, 2023, hlm. 1-7.
436
48 M. Haryanto, “The Principle of Presumption of Innocence and Prosecution Policy”, Jurnal Yustisia, Vol. 5, No.
3, 2016, hlm. 683.
49 Ferry de Jong dan Leonie van Lent, “The Presumption of Innocence as a Counterfactual Principle”, Utrecht Law Review, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2016, hlm. 37.
50 Corstens, 2014, Het Nederlands Strafprocesrecht, Kluwer Juridische Uitgevers, Netherlands, hlm. 46-47.
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51 M. Yahya Harahap, 2003, Pembahasan Permasalahan dan Penerapan KUHAP (Pemeriksaan Sidang Pengadilan, Banding, Kasasi, dan Peninjauan Kembali, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, hlm. 1.
