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Supplemental digital content 2 - Annual incidences of Kawasaki disease per 100.000 children less than 5 years of age in different countries worldwide

Country Incidence Data source Year of data

collection [no. years]

Ref.*

Australia

Australia 3.7 National surveillance system: Australian Paediatric Surveillance unit (www.inopsu.com)

1993-1995 [2] (1)

New Zealand 8.0 National surveillance system: New Zealand Paediatric Surveillance unit (www.inopsu.com)

2001-2003 [2] (2)

Europe

Denmark 3.6 Retrospective review of national hospital discharge register

1981-2005 [15] (3)

Norway 5.4 Review of hospital discharge registries 1998-2009 [10] (4) The Netherlands 5.8 National surveillance system: Dutch Pediatric

Surveillance Unit

2008-2013 [5] -

Sweden 7.4 Hospital discharge records 1998-2009 [10] (4)

England 8.4 Hospital admission data 1998-2003 [5] (5)

France (Northern part)

9.0 Prospective cohort study in pediatric

departments of 18 hospitals in Northern France

2005-2006 [1] (6)

Iceland 10.7 National report system 1996-2006 [10] (7)

Finland 11.4 Review of hospital discharge registries 1998-2009 [10] (4) Ireland 15.2 Review of hospital discharge registries 1996-2001 [5] (8) Italy

(Northeastern area)

15.4 Retrospective review of medical records of all children admitted to the regional hospitals

1981-1983 [2] (9)

Middle East

Israel 6.4 Retrospective review of discharge data (Israel National Hospital Discharge Register)

1996-2011 [14] (10)

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South America

Chile 6.8 Retrospective review of national hospital discharge databases

2001-2007 [5] (11)

North America

Jamaica 2.7 Retrospective review of hospital discharge records of major referral centers island wide

1986-1998 [12] (12)

Canada (Ontario)

26.2 Triennial surveillance: retrospective review of hospital discharge records and contact of pediatric cardiologists

1995-2007 [12] (13)

Hawaii 50.4 Retrospective review of hospital discharge records

1996-2007 [10] (14)

Asia

Thailand 2.7 Review of registry from major cardiac referral centres (National Registry of Thai Children)

1998-2002 (15)

China

Jilin Province 5.0 Survey in the 32 provincial hospitals 1999-2009 [10] (16) Sichuan 7.1 Survey in 212 provincial hospitals 1997-2002 [5] (17) Hong Kong 39.0 Prospective surveillance (1997-2000) 1997-2000 [3] (18) Shanghai 46.3 Survey in 50 hospitals providing pediatric care 2003-2008 [5] (19) Beijing 49.4 Survey and review of records in 45 hospitals

with pediatric departments in Beijing and its suburbs

2000-2005 [5] (20)

Taiwan 69.0 National health insurance database 2003-2007 [4] (21) Korea 113.1 Retrospective survey in 101 general hospitals 2006-2009 [3] (22)

Japan 222.9 21st nationwide survey 2009-2011 [2] (23)

* When more than one study has been published from a single country, the latest study was reported.

REFERENCES

(1) Royle JA, Williams K, Elliott E, Sholler G, Nolan T, Allen R, et al. Kawasaki disease in Australia, 1993-95. Arch Dis Child 1998 Jan;78(1):33-9.

(2) Heaton P, Wilson N, Nicholson R, Doran J, Parsons A, Aiken G. Kawasaki disease in New Zealand. J Paediatr Child Health 2006 Apr;42(4):184-90.

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(3) Fischer TK, Holman RC, Yorita KL, Belay ED, Melbye M, Koch A. Kawasaki syndrome in Denmark. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007 May;26(5):411-5.

(4) Salo E, Griffiths EP, Farstad T, Schiller B, Nakamura Y, Yashiro M, et al. Incidence of Kawasaki disease in northern European countries. Pediatr Int 2012 Dec;54(6):770-2.

(5) Harnden A, Mayon-White R, Perera R, Yeates D, Goldacre M, Burgner D. Kawasaki disease in England: ethnicity, deprivation, and respiratory pathogens. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009 Jan;28(1):21- 4.

(6) Heuclin T, Dubos F, Hue V, Godart F, Francart C, Vincent P, et al. Increased detection rate of Kawasaki disease using new diagnostic algorithm, including early use of echocardiography. J Pediatr 2009 Nov;155(5):695-9.

(7) Olafsdottir HS, Oskarsson G, Haraldsson A. [Kawasaki disease in Iceland 1996-2005, epidemiology and complications]. Laeknabladid 2012 Feb;98(2):91-5.

(8) Lynch M, Holman RC, Mulligan A, Belay ED, Schonberger LB. Kawasaki syndrome

hospitalizations in Ireland, 1996 through 2000. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003 Nov;22(11):959-63.

(9) Tamburlini G, Strinati R. Kawasaki disease in north-east Italy. Lancet 1983 Apr 9;1(8328):822-3.

(10) Bar-Meir M, Haklai Z, Dor M. Kawasaki disease in Israel. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2011 Jul;30(7):589- 92.

(11) Borzutzky A, Hoyos-Bachiloglu R, Cerda J, Talesnik E. Rising hospitalization rates of Kawasaki Disease in Chile between 2001 and 2007. Rheumatol Int 2012 Aug;32(8):2491-5.

(12) Pierre R, Sue-Ho R, Watson D. Kawasaki syndrome in Jamaica. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000 Jun;19(6):539-43.

(13) Lin YT, Manlhiot C, Ching JC, Han RK, Nield LE, Dillenburg R, et al. Repeated systematic surveillance of Kawasaki disease in Ontario from 1995 to 2006. Pediatr Int 2010 Oct;52(5):699- 706.

(14) Holman RC, Christensen KY, Belay ED, Steiner CA, Effler PV, Miyamura J, et al. Racial/ethnic differences in the incidence of Kawasaki syndrome among children in Hawaii. Hawaii Med J 2010 Aug;69(8):194-7.

(15) Durongpisitkul K, Sangtawesin C, Khongphatthanayopthin A, Panamonta M, Sopontammarak S, Sittiwangkul R, et al. Epidemiologic study of Kawasaki disease and cases resistant to IVIG therapy in Thailand. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2006 Mar;24(1):27-32.

(16) Zhang X, Zhang Z, Liu S, Sun J. Epidemiologic survey of Kawasaki disease in Jilin from 1999 through 2008. Pediatr Cardiol 2012 Feb;33(2):272-9.

(17) Li XH, Li XJ, Li H, Xu M, Zhou M. Epidemiological survey of Kawasaki disease in Sichuan province of China. J Trop Pediatr 2008 Apr;54(2):133-6.

(18) Ng YM, Sung RY, So LY, Fong NC, Ho MH, Cheng YW, et al. Kawasaki disease in Hong Kong, 1994 to 2000. Hong Kong Med J 2005 Oct;11(5):331-5.

(19) Ma XJ, Yu CY, Huang M, Chen SB, Huang MR, Huang GY. Epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease in Shanghai from 2003 through 2007. Chin Med J (Engl ) 2010 Oct;123(19):2629-34.

(20) Du ZD, Zhao D, Du J, Zhang YL, Lin Y, Liu C, et al. Epidemiologic study on Kawasaki disease in Beijing from 2000 through 2004. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007 May;26(5):449-51.

(21) Huang WC, Huang LM, Chang IS, Chang LY, Chiang BL, Chen PJ, et al. Epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease in Taiwan, 2003-2006. Pediatrics 2009 Mar;123(3):e401-e405.

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(22) Park YW, Han JW, Hong YM, Ma JS, Cha SH, Kwon TC, et al. Epidemiological features of Kawasaki disease in Korea, 2006-2008. Pediatr Int 2011 Feb;53(1):36-9.

(23) Nakamura Y, Yashiro M, Uehara R, Sadakane A, Tsuboi S, Aoyama Y, et al. Epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease in Japan: results of the 2009-2010 nationwide survey. J Epidemiol 2012;22(3):216-21.

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