God almighty, for all blessings and mercies, so that the researcher could complete the thesis entitled "Phonological variants in Bugis speech among junior secondary school students in Barru district". Findings from changes in phonemes spoken by Buginese speakers are the consonant phonemes /a/. The vowel phoneme /o/ becomes /au/.
INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
RESEARCH METHODS
FINDINGS AND DISCCUSION
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Background
Discrepancies in pronunciation rules may be influenced by the speaker's ability to use two or more languages and may also be influenced by the environment. This ability can be obtained from the community/association environment and can also be from the educational environment.
Research Question
The Indonesian Language (IL) spoken by the Buginese Language (BL) speaking community is essentially something that is "deviant". Language changes made by high school students in relation to language studies will be studied using the dialectical paradigm and also as material for the development of linguistic theory in phonological studies.
Objective of the Research
Banefits of the Research
Scope of the Research
Previous related research findings
Meanwhile, the research journal Eli Marlina Harahap discovered variations in the phonology and lexicon of the Angkola dialect of Silagundi village in Aek Garugur village, South Tapanuli Regency. The results of previous research on phonological variations can include information and references for current research scholars.
Some Pertinent Ideas 1. Phonology
- Phonological Variations
- Phonemes addition
- Phoneme changes
- Phoneme Release
- Phoneme addition
- Phoneme Change
- Dialectology
- Speech Society
- Bilingualism
- Barru District
Of the three types of phonetics, it is clear that what is most related to linguistics is articulatory phonetics because this phonetics is very concerned with the problem of how the sounds of language are produced or produced. When diphthongs or double vowels are produced, the position of the tongue at the beginning and end is not the same. Phonemes can be said to be added after going through a morphological process, for example the process of adding phonemes in Indonesian which occurs as a result of meeting the morpheme /meN/ consisting of one syllable and then the vowel phoneme /ǝ/ so that /meN/ changes to /menge/.
The addition of the phoneme /w/ is due to the meeting of the morphemes ke-an, peN-an, per–an with the basic form ending with the vowel phoneme /u, o, aw/. The phonemes /p, t, s, k/ are lost because the meN and peN of the morpheme merge with the base form that begins with these phonemes. Adding the consonant phoneme /g/ and the vowel phoneme /i/ to the end of letters in words.
The language of the speech community is very diverse, which may be a bit difficult to reconcile with each other. The complexity of a speech community is determined by the number and breadth of language variations in the network which is based on the experiences and attitudes of the speakers where these variations exist.
Theoretical Framework
From a faceted language, the Bugis Barru language is very similar to the Bugis Sidrap, Pinrang, Parepare, Soppeng, Bone, Wajo and Palopo languages. With there is matter, The Bugis tribal language own language own, and equipped with a letter itself calls _ the lontara letter'. Even the unique, accented Bugi language dares to differ in each territory; some are gross and others are subtle, making the Language Bugis dialect diverse.
A secondary school that will be used as a research area includes MTSS Muhammadiyah Ele. The sound changes in question are the process of adding phonemes, the process of changing phonemes, and the process of removing phonemes. This event cannot be separated from elements of phonological variation such as changes in phonemes, addition of phonemes and removal of phonemes, so that language variations can be found in the objects studied.
Research Design
As a knowledge and research effort, the methods mentioned in this research are matters related to work methods and how to obtain data so that conclusions can be drawn. The research design used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method because the data found are actually or facts (fact finding) as they are.
Research Site
Research Participants
Purposive sampling is the selection of the sample, the researcher seeks data sources with certain considerations, for example the researcher assumes that the students know best what the researcher wants. Before giving questions to the subjects, the researcher must first select the objects for grade VII.1 MTSS Muhammadiyah Ele.
Research Instruments
This type of observation is the case when the researcher is not a member of the observer, so the results obtained will be more appropriate because they are free from bias, but they have drawbacks, namely the problem of inaccurate results and delayed results. This method requires collaboration which is less active than observed and the results can be relied upon for research activities. Because when you observe behavior, the first thing you need to do is develop a category of behavior through a coding scheme and include identifying specific attributes that may provide clues to the problem at hand.
Procedures of Data Collection
At this stage, the researcher listens for language mixing (language variations) occurring in a conversation. The recording technique is to record the conversations of research subjects while they are having a conversation. The recording technique is to record conversations heard and seen by research subjects when collecting data.
At this stage, the researcher recorded all the conversations that the researcher listened to during the data collection process.
Technique of data analysis
The first analysis process to be performed in the Miles and Huberman Model qualitative research is data reduction. In this research, data reduction was performed to select data in the form of conversations that were obtained and then reduced to find language sounds (phonemes) experiencing language transition (bilingualism). Presentation of data is necessary to be able to clearly see the facts that occur in the field being studied.
By presenting this data, the researcher compiles and categorizes the data in the form of phonological variations arranged according to existing phonemic elements, namely additions, changes and release of phonemes so that they are easier to understand. Drawing conclusions (verification) is the third step in qualitative data analysis according to Miles and Huberman. In the first phase, the conclusions are only provisional and can then be changed based on supporting evidence and data in the field that continues to develop.
Research Findings
- Context: Conversations in Class VII
- Context: Conversation in Class VII in front the canteen Speakers: Lia (Student) and Sila (Student)
- Context: Conversation in Class VII
- Context : Conversations in Class VII
- Context: Conversations in Class VII
- Context: Conversations in Class VII Speakers: Teacher and Rizal (Student)
The addition of phonemes occurs in the conversation above because there are additional consonant phonemes at the end of words. The addition of a phoneme occurs in the conversation above because there is an additional consonant phoneme at the end of the word (paragoge). The addition of phonemes occurs in the conversation above because there are additional consonant phonemes and vowel phonemes at the end of words (paragoge).
The addition of phonemes occurred in the conversation above because there were changes in the vowel phonemes /e/, which can be classified as follows. In addition to adding phonemes at the end of words (paragoge), phonemes are also added at the beginning of words (prosthesis) as in the following words. The release of phonemes in the conversation above occurs because there is a glottal stop sound (ʔ) at the end of the word.
Discussion
The linguistic variants found in the research results are in different phonological aspects such as phoneme addition, phoneme modification and phoneme removal. In addition to changes in the vowel phonemes /e/ and /ǝ/, the findings of phoneme changes in this research are changes in the vowel phoneme /o/ in words, for example the word [taruh] changes to /taroh/ and the word [iya] changes to /iyo/ . The results of the research show that the phonological variants of the Angkola dialect in Sialagundi village do not differ much and that there are differences in the consonant 'KK' and the use of the word "ng".
This study explains that there are variations of Javanese dialect in the Ngawi area, which are presented through phonological and lexical descriptions and by creating a map of Javanese dialect variations in the study area. This research showed that the dialect used in the Ngawi area refers to the Central Java dialect, even though Ngawi actually falls under the East Java region.29. The purpose of this study is to determine variations in the phonology of the Bugis language among secondary school students when speaking Indonesian.
Conclusion
The similarity of the two authors' research is that they both study or analyze the phonology and data sources studied by the same community. Research in the journal Eli Marlina Harahap similarly examines phonological variations, but in addition to examining the problems of phonological variations, it also examines issues related to the Angkola dialect lexicon. The findings from the addition of phonemes spoken by Bugis (BL) speakers are that there are additional phonemes prosthesis and paragogue in the words mentioned by students speaking Bugis when speaking Indonesian, for example the addition of the phoneme /ma/ at the beginning of words (prosthesis) in the word [cantik] becomes /macanti/.
The addition of the phoneme /g/ at the end of the word (paragoge) in the word [teman] changes to /temang/. The finding of changes in phonemes spoken by Bugis language speakers (BL) is that there is a change in the vowel phoneme /a/ to /e/ and /o/. Regarding the findings of the release of phonemes spoken by Bugis (BL) speakers, there are several factors that cause the release of phonemes at, namely the release of phonemes at the end of words (apokop), for example the word [banyak ] becomes /banya/, apart from that there is also the release of phonemes due to the loss of sound.
Suggestion
- Context : Conversations in Class VII Speakers: Teacher and Rizal (Student)
- Context : Conversation in Class VII towards the canteen
- Context : Conversation in class VII
The addition of a phoneme at the end of a word, there is also the addition of a phoneme /L/ in the middle of a word, which is called epenthesis. There is also the addition of a phoneme at the end of a word (paragoge), namely the addition of a phoneme (ng). The phoneme change that occurs in the conversation above is the change of the consonant phoneme \b\ to the consonant phoneme /m/.
The addition of phonemes occurred in the conversation above because there were changes in the vowel phonemes /e/. In the conversation above, a consonant phoneme is released at the end of the word, which is usually called Apocope phoneme release. The release of phonemes in the conversation above occurs as a result of the release of haplological sounds, namely the shortening of a word as a result of the removal of a sound or syllable in its pronunciation.
The omission of phonemes in the above conversation is due to the deletion of two vowels that are pronounced at the same time, which is usually called a diphthong. The omission of the phonemes involved in the above conversation is the deletion of the consonant phoneme /h/ in Indonesian but Bugis-accented words.
DOCUMENTATION
