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Adab-International Conference on Information and Cultural Sciences
“Cultural Literacy and Islam in the Post-Truth Society”
UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
Yogyakarta, 23-24 October 2019
ISSN: 2715-0550
Arranged by:
Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Yogyakarta
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PREFACE
In the midst of current globalization and the development of science, various cultural problems and social gap among the people have become the daily consumption. Lack of knowledge and illiteracy have led people to respond the dynamics of social and cultural changes differently. Thus, various issues related to cultural illiteracy, cultural shock, and being trapped into misleading information in many areas, have become serious problem lately. That is why, this millennial is sometimes called as disruptive era, in which truth has always been questioned.
Concerning this, the Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences UIN Sunan Kalijaga considers that it is necessary to hold an international seminar to accommodate and communicate the researches, problems and thoughts related to the significance of cultural literacy in the development of the science, knowledge and civilization from local to international level. Focusing on the four scientific fields as the core of the faculty, namely Arabic Language and Literature, History of Islamic Culture, Library Science and English Literature, this annual conference is expected to be a forum for scientific synergy, strengthening strategy from the four majors related to cultural literacy, language, history and information.
The purpose of this activity is to give opportunity for the researchers and academicians not only disseminating their researches and thoughts in the fields of adab and cultural sciences, but also updating policies of the related areas. This international conference also provides an overview of knowledge and trends of research with a global perspective related to information, language, history and culture.
The theme of the conference this year is The Cultural Literacy and Islam in the Post- truth society. Here, the conference not only focuses on cultural literacy in Arabic and English studies but also touches the issues of trajectory of Islamic culture and civilization;
contributions of the sciences and civilization to Indonesian Islam and world peace;
strengthening Indonesian Islam through science of civilization; Information retrieval for preserving cultural heritage's purposes, etc.
On behalf of faculty and committee, I would like express my deep appreciation and respect to the keynote speakers, invited speakers, presenters, participants and all or the parties who participate and contribute to this conference. Hopefully, this seminar would give much contribution not only for academicians and society but also for knowledge and humanity.
Yogyakarta, October 23th, 2019
Committee
Dr. Witriani, S.S., M.Hum.
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EDITORIAL BOARD
Advisory Board : Dr. Akhmad Patah, M.Ag.
Editor-in-Chief : Dr. Ibnu Burdah, M.A.
Executive Associate Editor : 1. Dr. Witriani, SS., M.Hum.
2. Dr. Muhammad Wildan, M.A.
3. Dr. Tatik Maryatut Tasnimah, M.Ag.
4. Dra. Labibah, M.LIS.
5. Marwiyah, S.Ag., SS., M.LIS.
Editorial Board : 1. Prof. Dr. Bermawy Munthe, M.A. (Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences, UIN Sunan Kalijaga)
2. Dr. Arief Rohman, M.A. (Faculty Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
3. Dr. Hisyam Zaini, M.A. (Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences, UIN Sunan Kalijaga)
4. Dr. Nurul Hak, M.Hum. (Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences, UIN Sunan Kalijaga)
5. Dr. Nurdin, S.Ag., SS., M.A. (Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences, UIN Sunan Kalijaga)
Office : 1. Riswinarno, S.S., M.M.
2. Thoriq Tri Prabowo, M.IP.
3. Tika Fitriyah, M.Hum.
4. Amalia Azka Rahmayani, M.Sc.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
PREFACE v
EDITORIAL BOARD vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
KEYNOTE’S SPEECH xi
Title and Author Pages
In Projecting Paddhu Madura at Iain Madura Library, Pamekasan
Masyithah Mardhatillah, Hairul Agust Cahyono and Qori’ Wahyudi 1 Information Literacy for Female Population Around Bosscha Observatory
Elyani Sulistialie, Evan Irawan Akbar and Resti Andriani 13 The Satisfaction of Library Users Services at UPT Balai Informasi Teknologi
(Research and Development Division for Technology Information)-LIPI Kamaludin
21 Trends in Using of Information Resources at The Universitas Sumatera Utara
Library
Jonner Hasugian and Dirmansyah
30 Gethok Tular, Traditional Knowledge Preservation Method: Challenges and
Opportunities
Thoriq Tri Prabowo and April Ramos Manabat
45 Local Based Literation Movement Towards The Welfare Of West Lampung
Communities
Eni Amaliah and Fitri Yanti
55 ا
ةينآرقلا ةيللادلا ةسارد( نآرقلا يف حيرل )
Eka Zulia Ayu Efendi 58
ةيبرعلا دلابلا يف ةيبرعلا ةغللا سيردت
Tika Fitriyah and Isyqie Firdausah 65
Impact of Gulf War II in The Novel Of “Sa’atu Bagdad” By Syahad Ar- Rawiy: Analysis of Literature Sociology
Arofah
77 ةيلؤافتلا
يف ةياورلا نياتشكنارف يف
دغب دا دمحلأ وادعسلا ي ةسارد: ةيليلحت ةيوينب ةينيوكت نايسولل نامدلوج
Mirza Syauqi Futaqi
86
Title and Author Pages Identity: Beauty, Birth, and Body in Enigma Represented by Some Modern
Arab Female Writers Indrani Dewi Anggraini
100 Aesthetic Functions in Translation (Study in Arabic and English Proverbs)
Ubaidillah 105
Politicizing Women’s Bodies as Seen in Maya Angelou’s “Phenomenal Women”
Nurunnisa
118 The Fear Within C.S. Lewis in Shadowlands Novel: The Pain of Losing
Lathifania Asmaning Arin 125
Smashing Women Objectification in Tubuhku Otoritasku: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Ananda Erma Eka Puteri
132 Pegon Script as Indigenous and Cultural Confrontation (Century 18-19)
Choeroni, Muna Yastuti Madrah and Abdul Aziz 147
Politics of De-Islamization As Seen in The Kite Runner (2007): An Ecranisation Study
Haryo Yudanto and Danial Hidayatullah
164 The Portrayal of Aishah In Martin Lings’s “Muhammad: His Life Based on
The Earliest Sources” Novel
Arina Hasbana and Ulyati Retno Sari
177 ةداير
بيجن ينلايكلا ةمواقمل ةنميه بهاذملا ةيبدلأا ةيبرغلا يف بدلأا يبرعلا ثيدحلا
(نراقملابدلأايفةيليلحتةسارد) Tatik Mariyatut Tasnimah
189 Women and Violence in Popular Culture: A Portrayal of Social Construction
and Media Commodification Witriani
200 The Impact of Positive Deviance in Empowering Village Libraries Towards
“Rumah Baca Modern”: Case Study of Yogyakarta Smart Gardu Village Library
Sri Rohyanti Zulaikha and Arina Faila Saufa
209
Librarians Role in Reducing Negative Impact of Fake News for Library Users
Ardoni
220
KEYNOTE’S SPEECH
Religion in the Post-Truth Society Achmad Charris Zubair
ICMI DIY, Universitas Gadjah Mada Prologue
In Mahabaratha epic story, Durma—a commader in Baratha Yudha war from Kurawa side—was able to break the Pandawa’s defensive forces. This led to Krishna’s fear that if Durna continued to be in the side of Kurawas, Pandawa will soon lose the battle.
Yet, Krishna got the the key of Durna’s weakness—
that he is too in love with his son Aswathama. Krishna used the Durna’s weakness to build the strategy to break his power.
First, Arjuna was asked to create fake news about the death of Aswathama, so Durna will be in deep misery and he will lose all his power. For sure, Arjuna refused to do that. Even though he opposed Durna, he did not want to create fake news as he also considered Durna as his teacher so he paid respect to him.
In other battle, Bima was commanded to killed the elephant troop in war, named Istithama. Istithama had similar rhyme with Aswathama. When finally the elephant was killed, Pandawa had announced that Istithama the elephant has died in the hand of Bima. The death of Istithama was heard among Kurawa troop. However, as ‘Istithama’ has the same rhyme with ‘Aswathama’, some Kurawans heard that ‘Aswathama’ who was killed in the battle with Bima.
Soon the information that heard was ‘Aswathama’ (not ‘Istithama’) who killed in the battle. At the end, the news had finally been heard by Durna. Durna decided to ask to one of his student, that known for his honest reputation, named Yudhistira. He answered the question—with his mumbled voice, “Yes, Isti was killed in the battle”.
Yudhistira, of course, told the truth. However, he talked with low voice so it was heard unclearly. Unfortunately, Durna heard ‘Istithama’ as ‘Asthatama’. As Durna was confused and worried, he was too shocked and broken hearted to accept the death of Aswathama. He gave up to be a warrior and lived as an ascetic. Living in his grieve, he had no resistance when Drestajumena killed himself.
From the excerpt of the scene of epic story “Mahabharata” above, even the ones that considered as the most honest groups, which is Pandawa, used ‘hoax’ as part of strategies to win the battle.
Who are they in this recent modern world situation?
Post-Truth Era
‘Post-Truth’ is a terminology that currently has been widely used in global world.
Post-truth era has been defined as the era when disinformation that exist has created public confusion to understand fact and reality. In post truth era most of the time, people find more difficult to differ between truth and hoax or fake news.
As hoax has often been accepted as truth, some people in the society have created and crafted hoax and disinformation to raise their own interest and gain their own benefit. When
hoax and disinformation have been received as norms, the real, true or honest information will be covered and disbelief to the true information might be soaring up.
At worse, the society will be more admitting hoax as the truth than the truth itself.
Apparently, this situation is the most prone and dangerous above all the fact the hoax has been spreading among our society. When people are mixing up the lies and hoax with the truth, and considered the truth—together with its evidence, as things that are socially-crafted and modified.
I highlight and argue that the hoax and disinformation are probably a token of a certain time and generation, which is ‘post-truth’ era. However, the practice of hoax and disinformation happen across time, across culture, and across generation. Hoax and disinformation have already been existed since long time before. Besides, the practice of hoax and disinformation can also be found in our everyday life. It can be found inside relationship, among family, among society, among nation and country.
The universal norms and morality has indicated that “honesty’ is one of the important values in our humanity. We should work the value of honesty out and teach it as a universal value to our younger generations. However, in fact, morality is not always a fixed terminology when it comes to the certain urgent situations. Although at glance, it seems it is contra morality, but apparently, to some extent, relativity in seeing morality can be allowed and applied in some specific situations.
There are 3 (three) types of morality relativism;
(1) Normative relativism.
Human have often involved in the situation that need commitment to keep confidentiality of the matters due to the protection to something or someone, for instance, state’s confidential documents, etc. It needs strong ethical commitment to keep things in high level of confidentiality and it is framed in the dimension of professional ethics, job ethics, etc.
(2) Cultural relativism.
Every culture has its own ways to see things. The dimension of correctness can various among societies and cultures, and it is all valid in this sense. To impose one way of life as more correct or more valid than others can lead to bigger conflict and social disintegration among society.
(3) Metaethics relativism
Metaethics relativism is ethic relativism as the result of similarity and commonness among social groups or communities. It is probably contra with the universal ethical values, but accepted as ethical in certain groups that has the same values. The situation can be tricky when hoax and disinformation has been received as a truth when it has been shared by somebody or some people that has something in common (can be religions, spiritualities, and ideologies) with their audiences.
‘The post-truth’ era that we know now is inseparable with the growing of knowledge and technologies, particularly digital and information technologies. One of the signs that can be found in our society is the usage of social media in every aspect of our life, ranging from economy, social, politics, cultural changes, and even our nations. The way we communicate each other has already been changed, from more conventional, physical based into digitalized through the newest communication features in social media.
As consequences of the growing of digital communication, the wave of information is also growing huge and massive. Digital communication is based on freedom of the users, which directly and indirectly has created the blurred borderlines between out private and public life.
On one side, we cannot ignore that social media has contributed to what so-called economic-sharing resources, such as the rapid growing of start-up businesses, e-commerce, and online on-demand services, such as Go-jek and Grab.
On the other hand, the usage of social media can be contra-productive when hoax and disinformation are dominating these free spaces. Hoax, fake news, false news are more common and bring the destructive effects when it spread hate speech, hatred, or politics of identity, especially when this kind of news are becoming viral among social media users.
Thus, the ‘post-truth’ phenomenon need to be anticipated before it can be growing as a tool to disintegrate and polarize groups and even trigger bigger conflict among societies.
The growing of identity politics, especially that using the religious, ethnic, and specific groups sentiments can potentially lead to the damage of social cohesion in our living as one nation. We must aware that the political events such as general election that has been done earlier this year in our country had created conflict and contestation among groups of supporter, and it is a relief that the elections can finally be successfully held in peaceful and in democratic manners.
The post-truth phenomena can be very disturbing when news and information are played by certain groups to frame their own narration and public opinion. Their narration has been crafted by the rampant using of fake news and hoax that can de-gradate and even destroy the meaning of truth and honesty. Thus ‘post-truth’ has more aims to find the justification rather to find the real truth and correctness.
Post-Truth, Religion, and Ideology
Religion is one of human foundations to raise their humanity. Universal morality value of truth, kindness, compassion and justice are in the highly valued in religion. Post- truth can possibly be prevented with values inside religion. However, religion is also depend on the behavior of its adherences, as they are practicing both practical and interpretation aspects of their religions.
Interpretation of religions is also inseparable with the interest of the religion adherences. No wonder, religion has often been employed in order to justify certain actions and behavior. The post-truth phenomenon using the blanket of religion can dangerously bring bad impact to our humanity, as it ignited conflict using the emotional sentiment of religious identity.
The beliefs that their religious streams as the most valid and in the same time pointing out other adherences as invalid can build conflict and distrust inside the believer of the religion.
In more specific relation between post-truth, religion, and identity, there are two important considerations in order to relate them with post-truth era. First, there is people who are deliberatively spread hoax for their own benefit and interest and disregard truth as the foundational basis to cultivate healthy society. Second, there is groups of people as receivers of information or audiences that emotionally and irrationally accept news as the news are confirming their own beliefs and values, and even as simple as their just own perceptions.
The collaboration between news maker and news receiver or audience are together creating fake news or hoax is becoming more ‘acceptable’ in the society.
Hoax and fake news makers have often used the easiest and most effective ways to drive the emotion of audiences which are religions and ideology sentiments. Religions and ideologies have been used to justify the information, even though it is just ‘framing’ and
‘narrating’ the news based on their views and perceptions.
For instance, how polling or survey that claimed as academics that in fact not using the logics of academic, yet, only claimed the legitimacy and justify the actions of certain
groups. In recent times, there are many works that claimed as the result of study, however, it did not use the correct academic logics, rightful methodologies and studies that contain academics premises and conclusions. This shallow studies later accepted as correctness when it massively shared in social medias.
The hoax and fake news with the religious or ideology framings and narrations can provoke the identity politics that bring potent to social disintegration among society. To the bigger extent, it can lead to the degradation of humanity. Humanity that supposedly lead by universal values of moralities.
In Indonesia, disintegration by religious issues has become norms in our multicultural society. We should reflect the situation in many other countries, that the religious conflict has become the weapon to kill their own brothers in a country.
Religious values are not supposed to be interpreted in the formal and textual fashion.
However, it should be interpreted in its values as the foundation of human spirituality, neither in its material nor formality aspects.
Post-truth phenomenon basically is a reflection and manifestation of mean-ends materiality that goes beyond the dimension of humanistic value and spirituality of the religions. In this context, it is worth to posit religions as important factor to revoke the values of humanities.
Epilogue
Truth and lies are fact and reality in life. The choice to speak lie or to speak true is free-willing. That so with accepting and believing whether a thing is true or wrong is basically a conscious choice.
With any reasons, post-truth in principle is a betrayal to the universal value of truth as the reality is located in the perceptions or in the point of views of the messengers. In fact, post-truth has also no ethnic and morality roots as its references. These basic assumption has led as to believe that post-truth—in fake news or hoax is unethical and immoral, and furthermore contra-productive to our humanity.
Human has tendency to always seek the truth and stay in the path of moral and principle of truth itself. When we are looking for the truth we must find the facts, evidences, reality and data on the way we find it.
Post-truth is existing in a way human are looking for the short-terms and mundane fulfilment of life; such as physical desire, material possession, political power, social economics status, etc.
In general, post-truth can be eliminated with the literacy campaign among our society.
Philosophy as holistic and radical knowledge can actually take position to build literacy awareness. It also means that we always think twice or even more before we accept and spread information.
Learners’ Viewpoint of Individual Differences:
Enhancing Learning of English as a Second or Foreign Language
David D. Perrodin
Eastern Asia University, Thailand [email protected]
Individual Differences, distinctive characteristics or traits of individual learners, have been extensively researched in English as a Second or Foreign Language education, making this area one of the more thoroughly studied psychological aspects of Second Language Acquisition. Mainly, Individual Differences focusing on personality, motivation, and abilities of the learner have been thoroughly studied from the viewpoint of the educator, but there is considerably less analysis from the viewpoint of the learner. Likewise, although there is a rather diverse body of research theorizing Individual Differences, there seems to be a lack of sufficient theoretical coherence focusing on the impact of cognitive, affective, and social variables on a learner’s perspective. Electronic surveys are currently being distributed utilizing simple random sampling via various social media platforms to university students across several countries in Southeast Asia regarding the acknowledgment of Individual Differences in an English as a Second or Foreign Language learning environment. The outcome of the feedback will assist in gaining a more meaningful and more diverse understanding of the viewpoints of learners concerning Individual Differences. This research, therefore, endeavors to reveal the core issues from the position of the English as a Second or Foreign Language learner to meaningfully associate essential individual learning processes essential to Second Language Acquisition.
Hoax in Islamic History
Machasin
Department of History of Islamic Culture, Faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Knowledge, we may define it with a tripartite definition of belief-truth-justification, i.e., knowledge is a justified true belief.1 Hoax, on the contrary, gives information that is not based on truth in order to deceive people. By a hoax, one may believe that a narration about a certain candidate of presidential election, for example, is not a proper choice since h/she has a flaw in his/her integrity is true. Accordingly, one who is taken by the narration will not vote for this candidate.
Meanwhile, the rapid development of information and communication technology enables the fast and massive propagation of information misused by some people to distribute hoaxes for their own purposes: political, economic, or religious etc. One may scapegoat this development in human invention for the massive propagation of disinformation. It is conceived as if our era of developed information and communication technology has de into existence hoaxes spreading to every instances of human life.
Nevertheless, in reality there is nothing new in the propagation of hoaxes and their use for gaining purposes. What is new is the massiveness of the propagation and the creativity in their fashioning.
This presentation is going to reopen some stories of hoax that have been propagated in Islamic history since the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad up to the very famous political- religious examination (miḥna) conducted by orders of the seventh Caliph of Banī ‘Abbas caliphate, al-Ma’mūn (reigned 198-218 AH/813-833 CE). The discussion deals only with hoaxes related to internal Islamic community affairs, since there are many works treating those launched from outside to Islam and its peoples.
As an opening, the discussion will take the admonishment of the Qur’an to anyone who invents lie against God and refuses to believe. The point is that inventing a lie is improper for humanity. Nevertheless, there are some situations where lying is allowed and even suggested, like when telling the truth may lead to a damage.
Then the talk will take two kinds of hoaxes narrated in the Qur’an: those happened in the people of past and those in the lifetime of the Prophet. Of the first, the discussion will take the story of Adam where Devil deceived him by telling the tree of eternity (shajarat al- khuld) and the eternal kingdom. The discussion will outspread to questioning why Adam was so naïve to accept the word of his very malicious enemy. The story of Yūsuf and his brothers of different mother will follow, where both sides exchanged hoaxes. Of the second, this presentation will take the story of those hypocrites who said that they believed in God while concealing their unbelief and the story of the accusation of improper relation against Ā’isha, the wife of the Prophet. This last story is important in giving guidance for Muslims as how to take a proper attitude toward the coming of a hoax.
1 Cf. Dan O’Brien, An Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge (Cambridge: Polity Press, reprint ed.
2012), p.11.
Afterwards, comes the discussion of the saying of the Prophet that it is allowed to spread untrue information for winning in a war (al-ḥarb khid‘a). The forging of hadīth ascribed to the Prophet will be discussed then and the narrations invented for supporting or destroying certain political parties or religious groups (firqa) and thoughts (mażhab).
Information discovery using search by image:
applications in the humanities
Paul Nieuwenhuysen
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium [email protected]
This contribution deals with searching and finding information by using an image as query on the internet and WWW. The overview covers available systems, limitations of their power, and enabling underlying technologies, but the emphasis is on applications in humanities. The audience is motivated and enabled to apply this relatively new method to discover information and to support other potential users.
Keywords: Reverse image search, search by image, information discovery, internet, Google
Introduction
This overview is based on a continuing investigation of the power, applicability, usefulness and limitations of search by image through the Internet / WWW. In this relatively new method for information retrieval, a query does not consist of text but of an image file. The search results lead to images on the WWW and to related documents. The popular Google search system offers this WWW search method as “Reverse image search(ing)”. Other terms used for this method are
• Search(ing) by example
• Reverse image lookup = RIL
• Backwards image search(ing)
• Inside search(ing)
• Content-based information retrieval = CBIR
Furthermore, Google Images even supports a search query that consists of a combination of an image with text.
Findings
Several online services are available free of charge to search by image.
Differences among these services are substantial.
Google Images can reveal images present on the Internet, which are duplicates / copies of the query / source image. The success is quite variable from case to case.
This performance level concerning recall is strongly correlated with the performance of a more classical Google search by text to find copies of the query/source image file on the Internet.
Reverse image search as offered by Google can even reveal images that are modified versions of the query / source image; more specifically, modified versions can differ from the source image in size and in colors. The system can also reveal a fragment and even a modified / edited fragment of the source image, when this is included in an image present on the internet / WWW.
Three services to reveal copies of an image on the Internet / WWW have been compared. The outcomes have demonstrated that this type a searching can not only reveal
images in simple classical formats such as jpeg / jpg and ping / png, but even copies of the query image that are embedded in a more complicated file such as a PDF or a set of slides.
Furthermore, this investigation has led to a ranking for the number of copies found, and to the same ranking for the precision of the search results, as follows:
1. Google, the well know general web search system
2. Yandex, the general web search system that is popular mainly in Russia 3. TinEye, the pioneering system that is dedicated to search by image only Our tests have demonstrated that since 2014 Google reverse image search can not only find images that are visually similar to the query / source image, but can even retrieve images that are semantically similar / related to the query / source image, while they have no elements in common with the query image. The search results may also include a description of the subject of the image, and this can of course be interesting if the user has not yet much knowledge about the subject, so that using a specific text query becomes possible.
Furthermore, other information related to the image and relevant links may also be included in the search results.
The performance of search by image to find images that are semantically similar to the query/source image is improving.
Recently, search by image is applied not only by systems that are primarily search services, but also by systems in which images are important. Examples are systems that offer stock photos (dreamstime.com, gettyimages.com, shutterstock.com) and also Pinterest that allows users to collect or “pin” images in virtual, digital, so-called pin boards. Our comparison of Google with Pinterest has shown that Pinterest has become an additional and even competing system that allows us to start from a selected source image to find related, relevant images; furthermore, any of these found relevant images may lead to information that is related to the selected source image.
Not only pure, simple search either with words or with a source image is possible by the freely available search system that is offered by Google Images, but a search query can also consist of a combination of an image with words. This allows us to combine the strengths of more classical text retrieval with the more recent search by image. Our tests have shown that this allows us to obtain search results with a precision that is higher than when only one of both search methods is used.
The progress described above in automatic analysis of images to determine some of their contents / meaning / semantics is also reflected by the improvements in automatic categorization / classification of images based on their contents. A popular example of such a system that is freely accessible and usable is Google Photos at https://photos.google.com/ Our case study has shown that progress is indeed significant and promising.
Trends and recent developments include:
a. Search by image to find not only related images but even videos (see for instance the company and system Shutterstock that makes available images and videos).
b. Instead of using an available image file as query, application of a smartphone with inbuilt camera to make a photo and to submit the photo file directly and immediately as a query for a search by image (see for instance Google Lens).
Progress in visual search is supported by:
a. Refinement of the search system algorithms to detect common elements in images
b. Improvement of estimating the meaning / contents / semantics of an image from its context on a web page and website
c. Increasing indexing by search systems of documents in a format that is more complicated than html / xml
d. Implementation by website creators and exploitation by search systems of a common metadata system (see for instance schema.org)
e. Progress in artificial intelligence to grasp the meaning of images Applications
Reveal copyright infringements
Starting from an image that you have created or that is affiliated with your organization, you may find copies / duplicates or even modified versions on the WWW. This can reveal copyright infringements.
Asses the impact of your image(s)
In a more positive way, starting from a source image that you have created or that is affiliated with your organization, you can assess the impact of that images on a worldwide audience. For example: Curators or owners of a collection of objects can assess the impact and reuse of photos of the physical objects in their collection, on a worldwide scale.
Find a more suitable version of an image
Starting from some image that you have not created, but that you consider as interesting, and that is perhaps not the original version and for which the creator/author is not indicated, you may find other and better versions that are more suitable for your application and need. Also you may find the author(s) on the WWW, which can be useful to obtain more information or to discuss possible copyright linked to the image.
Reveal misinformation
Also searching by image may allow us to discover that the image that illustrates and supports a document is NOT real / authentic, but that is has been copied from another site, from another context and perhaps that it has even been modified / changed / doctored, to support the text, the claims of the author of the document.
Find information and other images, all related to the source image Starting from some interesting source image, you may
a. identify the contents of that image or reveal information related to that image b. find semantically related images; in other words, you may discover images
with a subject that is related to the subject of that source image.
More concrete examples of application areas:
a. an art object
b. a building, a monument…
c. a landscape, a place, a mountain…
d. a flower, a plant, a plant disease
e. food (for instance to find information on name, nutritional value…) f. the brand / producer / seller of a product
g. a person (lowering privacy)
h. a human disease, for instance by using histopathology (see for instance https: //techcrunch.com /2019/07/19 /googles-smily-is-reverse-image-search- for-cancer-diagnosis/)
The following gives a concrete, practical, realistic and recent example, as illustrated in Figure 1. Presume that you want / need more information related to an object (in this example: a wooden seat / stool). Then you can use an existing photo or make a photo of the object, and submit this as a query in a search by image. The results of this search action include small, so-called “thumbnail” images. Then you can select one of these thumbnail images, of course one that looks very similar to your source / query image and activate the
underlying hyperlink. If the link has not been broken recently, then this brings in many cases you to a webpage that shows a larger version of the selected image, plus related information (in this example you can read the description “Nupe stool from Nigeria”). This acquired information allows you to formulate a classical search query with words (in this case ‘nupe stool nigeria’) and to submit this to some WWW search system or to an online encyclopedia (in this example Wikipedia). The search result gives you more detailed information (in this case that Islam religion is important for the Nupe people and that Nupe are famous for their wooden stools with geometrical patterns carved on the surface); the search result can even show a photo of a similar object in a museum collection. So the procedure in this example was simple, fast and productive; in general this way of working is attractive and in many cases productive / satisfactory.
Figure 1. Example of the steps executed to discover information that is related to a particular object, starting with a search by image.
Increase the precision of search results by adding text to the source image
Furthermore, including some text in the query besides the image may increase the precision of the results, even when not enough knowledge is available in advance, so that only one or a few unspecific search words can be used.
Increase the precision of search results by adding an image to a text query
Consider the scenario in which you have already sufficient information/knowledge in advance to formulate and submit a classical, textual, specific, focused search query; even then, including an image to the text query may be useful to increase the precision of the search results.
Increase the usability of a digital library of images
Automatic classification of images may be useful for managers of a digital library that includes images, to increase the quality / usability of their system by increasing the browsing and retrieval efficiency.
Recommendations for practitioners
The growing success of the search methods that include an image in the query to find relevant information leads us to a few recommendations:
a. To find relevant information, these recent, additional search methods should be considered besides more classical methods, by librarians and information intermediaries in general, and also by end-users of information discovery systems.
b. As a consequence, search by image deserves a place in educational courses and tutorials on information and media literacy.
c. Authors and publishers in general want to create their publications and make these available in such a way that they rank high in the results of relevant search and discovery systems. Therefore it is good practice to take into account the workings of at least the classical, popular, search services, in the creation and optimization of their website(s). Not only the texts in a website should be considered, but also images, to optimize
--for a relatively classical search with a text query to find images, --for a more recent search by image, or
--for a search with a query that consists of text plus an image file.
More concretely, website developers should try to publish their meaningful images in such a way that these can be well harvested, analyzed and included in the database index of relevant search systems in an effective way.
Conclusions
Information discovery is enhanced by recent methods that involve images:
a. Search by image is evolving to a powerful, additional method to tackle information needs that are difficult to handle with more classical methods.
b. Information discovery is assisted by automatic classification of images and by recommendation services based on image similarities.
Furthermore, using a combination of text with an image in a search query can increase the precision of the search results, in comparison with a more classical pure text search or with a pure search by image.
References
Kelly, E. (2019) Reuse of Wikimedia Commons Cultural Heritage Images on the Wider Web, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 14.3.
Marques, O. (2016) Visual Information Retrieval: The State of the Art. IT Professional, 18, Issue: 4, DOI: 10.1109/MITP.2016.70.
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2013) Search by Image through the WWW: an Additional Tool for Information Retrieval. Full text published in Proceedings of the international conference on Asia-Pacific Library and Information Education and Practices = A- LIEP 2013 “Issues and challenges of the information professions in the digital age”
held at Pullman Khon Kaen Raja Orchid Hotel, in Khon Kaen City, Isan, Thailand, 10-12 July 2013 [online] http://aliep2013.com/index.php/table-of-contents http://aliep2013.com/images/download/pdfs1/PaperNo41.pdf
& full text available also online free of charge from https: //www.researchgate.net /profile /Paul_Nieuwenhuysen/contributions
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2014) Search by image through the Internet: applications and limitations.
In Libraries in the Transition Era: New Space – New Services – New Experience. The Proceedings of the Seventh Shanghai International Library Forum, organized by the Shanghai Library, in Shanghai Library, China, 9-11 July 2014 http:
//www.libnet.sh.cn /silf2014 /english/index.htm Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technological Literature Press, http: //www.sstlp.com, 476 pp, ISBN 978-7-5439- 6289-7. pp. 145-155.
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2015) Search by image through the Internet: an additional method to find information. In Transforming Libraries and Librarianship, Delhi: KBD Publication, 502 pp. Edited by Sanjay Kataria, John Paul Anbu, Shri Ram, Nirmal Kumar Swain, Naresh Singh Bhandari, 2015, ISBN: 978-81-907999-6-6, pp. 179-194.
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2016) Information discovery on the Internet, using a search query that consists of text & an image. in A-LIEP 2016, proceedings of the 7th Asia-pacific Conference on Library and Information Education and Practice, in University of Nanjing, Nanjing = Nanking, Jiangsu province, China, Edited by Jianjun Sun, Qinghua Zhu, Christopher Khoo Shiyan Ou.. http://aliep2016.nju.edu.cn, PDF file, pp. 99-112. Available free of charge from http://aliep2016.nju.edu.cn/files/A- LIEP%202016%20Proceedings.pdf
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2017) Information discovery: A picture is worth a thousand words? In Proceedings of the International Conference on the Future of Libraries (ICFL), From Promises to Practice, Editor-in-chief M. Krishna Murthy, Editors B. Ramesha, B.
Subhash Reddy, organized by DRTC = Documentation Research and Training Centre, Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore @ ISI = Indian Statistical Institute in Bangalore
= Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, 15-17 November 2017, Published by DRTC, Indian Statistical Institute, 2017, 602 pp., ISBN 978-81-92179-79-7, pp. 313-324 & available from https: //www.researchgate.net /profile /Paul_Nieuwenhuysen/contributions Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2018a) Information discovery based on the emerging technology to
analyse digital images. In Reshaping libraries: emerging global technologies and trends. ICRL-2018. Papers of the First International Conference on Reshaping Libraries: Emerging Global Technologies and Trends, organized jointly by DELNET- Developing Library Network, Ambedkar University Delhi in Association with the Society for Library Professionals (SLP) and Special Libraries Association (SLA, USA) Asian Chapter, February 1-3 at Jaipur, India. Chief Editor: H.K. Kaul, Editors P.K. Jain, Debal C. Kar, Sangeeta Kaul. Published by DELNET, New Delhi. ISBN 978-93-82735-13-7. 230 pp., pp. 1-14 & available from https: //www.researchgate.net /profile/Paul_Nieuwenhuysen/contributions
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2018b) Information Discovery and Images A Case Study of Google Photos. in: 5th International Symposium on Emerging Trends and Technologies in
Libraries and Information Services (ETTLIS), in Noida, India, 21-23 Feb. 2018, INSPEC Accession Number: 18150464, DOI: 10.1109/ETTLIS.2018.8485238, Publisher: IEEE https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8485238 & available from https: //www.researchgate.net /profile /Paul_Nieuwenhuysen /contributions
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2018c) Information discovery using search by image: a comparison of Google and Pinterest. In The Proceedings of the 9th Shanghai International Library Forum = SILF 2018, Library for all: towards a smarter and inclusive society, October 17-19, 2018, at the Shanghai Library, in Shanghai, China, 464 p., pp. 400-412, ISBN 978-7-5439-7748-8, http://www.sstlp.com & available from https:
//www.researchgate.net /profile /Paul_Nieuwenhuysen /contributions
Nieuwenhuysen, P. (2019) Finding copies of an image: a comparison of reverse image search systems on the WWW. In Collaboration – Impact on Productivity and Innovation : Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Webometrics, Informetrics and Scientometrics & 19th COLLNET Meeting 2018, December 5-8, 2018, University of Macau, Macau, Edited by Markscheffel, Bernd; Kretschmer, Hildrum. 130 pp.
Available online, free of charge from https: //www.db- thueringen.de/receive/dbt_mods_00039355, DOI: 10.22032/dbt.39355. 10 pp.
Thompson, S., & Reilly, M. (2017) “A picture is worth a thousand words”: Reverse image lookup and digital library assessment. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 68, pp. 2264–2266. doi:10.1002/asi.23847
Biography
Paul Nieuwenhuysen is professor emeritus @ Vrije Universiteit Brussel. His functions have included: member of the management board of the University Library, librarian for science and engineering, and teaching on online retrieval and presentation of scientific information. In the inter-university postgraduate program in Information and library science
@ University of Antwerp, he has been guest professor.
At the University of Antwerp he received the degrees of Licentiaat Physics in 1974, Doctor in Science in 1979, the Belgian post-doctoral degree in 1983, and the inter-university postgraduate degree in Documentation and library science in 1986.
He has organized 15 international training programs on management of information in science and technology in Brussels; afterwards he has co-organized international training programs on information technology for scientific information management at University of Antwerp.
More information is available from http://homepages.vub.ac.be/~pnieuwen/
صخلم ةلاقلما ةيملعلا تح ت ناونع : عقاو ةغللا ةيبرعلا ابهادآو في ةلحرم تاروث عيبرلا
برعلا .
ذاتسلأا روتكدلا : ناميلس نسح ناميلس – ةعماج قافرلا سلبارط – ايبيل
شقانت هذه ةلاقلما عقاو ةغللا لاع يبر ة ابهادآو في ةلحرم عيبرلا ،بيرعلا ثيح تلازام هلوصف لم
لمتكت دعب ، وهو نم مهأ ثادحأ
ذه ا نرقلا تيلا تأدب دعب ماع 0202 امو ،اهلات امم حلطصا هيلع عيبرلبا بيرعلا يذلا
تلعتشا هرنا في سنوت ث رصم ايبيلو
ياروسو نميلاو . بدلأاو بيرعلا وه ءزج نم خيرتا ةملأا برعلا ية طبترلما لكشب يسيئر ةغللبا
ةفاقثلاو
،ةيبرعلا نم
،رعش
ةصقو ،
ةياورو
،
،ةيحرسمو لكو
هذه لأا لامع فرعت بدلأبا
بيرعلا .
تفدهو ةلاقلما لإ فوقولا ىلع عقاو ةغللا ابهادآو في ةلحرم عيبرلا بيرعلا ةتقيقحو هتايعادتو ىلع ةملأا ةيبرعلا اهتغلو اهنيدو
ةيرسمو روطت ابهدآ في ه ذه ةلحرلما نع قيرط مادختسا جهنلما
يفصولا يليلحتلا فصول ليلتحو هذه
ةلحرلما .
تلصوتو لما
ةلاق ةيملعلا لإ نأ ثيدلحا نع روطت ةغللا ابهادآو لازام اركبم في عيبر يفيرخ لم لمتكت هلوصف ةيومدلا
دعب ،
بيدلأاف سيل يفحصلاك يذلا
دصري ثادحلأا لب
جاتيح لا تقو يكل نوكت لت ك ثادحلأا ةدام
لامعلأ ةيعادبإ
، تحو
لامعلأا تيلا تقفار اذه عيبرلا بلغي اهيلع عباطلا ا رشابلم ةعزنلاو ةيقئثاولا
، أ اضيو لامعلأا ةيرعشلا كلذكو ديشنالأا تيلا تقفار
تارهاظلما تاجاجتحلااو
في نيدايلما لم نكت في اهبلغأ جاتن هذه ةلحرلما لب يه دادرت لامعلأ ةيعادبإ ةيمدق
، امأ رلا تيااو
كو ت با رجهلما تلازام ملهامعأ برعت نع تهنااعم م ةيصخشلا في
هذه ةلحرلما . يفف لظ اذه عضولا يوضوفلا نوكي
نم
بعصلا جاتنإ لامعأ ةيعادبإ وأ ةباتكلا هنع عونب نم ءافصلا في ةيؤرلا عم نادقف ةيرح يربعتلا
، تاعاملجاف ةفرطتلما
تايشيللماو
ةحلسلما الم ةرطيس نولتقي وأ نونجسي لك نم لا قفتي مهعم وأ مهدقتني
، باغف بلغأ ءبادلأا نع هشلما د افوخ نم لتقلا وأ
فينصتلا
، تزربو ةئف نم ينولتلما و يلوحتلما نيذلا اوردصت دهشلما يسايسلا و فياقثلا و نيدلا نم ةقزترم لالما ، تباغو نع
دهشلما بيدلأا يااضق ةملأا ةيبرعلا و ا ةيملاسلإ ةيضقلاو ةينيطسلفلا اماتم
، أ حبصو برعلل في ةلحرم عيبرلا بيرعلا تائم ضقلا ياا
يرغ يطسلف ، و امأ ةغللا ةيبرعلا دهشتف بارح
،اهدض ثيح عاش مادختسا تاحلطصم لا
ىقرت ىوتسملل عيفرلا
ةغلل
ةيبرعلا ،
امك ت فاترعلاا تاجهلب ةيمدق يرغ ةيح كراشتل ةغللا ةيبرعلا اتهدايس ةغلك ةيسمر في ايبيل ،لاثم تصلقو تاعاس
اهسيردت ،
تلدبتساو ال
تاحول ءاسمأو ا تلالمح ةغللبا ةيزيلنجلاا
، شو ا ع ثدحتلا ةغلب ةنيجه يب ةحيصفلا و ةيماعلا و مادختسا تاحلطصم
نم ةغللا ةيزيلنجلاا في تبااطخ يلوؤسلما كلذكو
في تاونقلا ةيئاضفلا . امأ حلطصم برلا يع بيرعلا ملف نكي اعيبر لب افيرخ ايساق
ءاتشو صراق ا ةحئارب
،دورابلا تكفس هيف مدلا ءا لاو تلاز
، ترمدو هيف نبلا ةيتحتلا ، ددعو ىلتقلا رئاسلخاو ةيدالما
ةبعرم ،
دعصو هيف رايتلا فرطتلما مهاسو هيف خويش ةنتفلا تاونقلاو ةيئاضفلا ةهوبشلما تكراشو،
هيف تايصخش ةيدوهي
يهص ةينو
، كراشو
هيف فلح وتانلا هلخدتب رشابلما في ىدحإ لوصف اذه لابر عي تتح ءاطغ يملاعإ بذاك ، ريبرتل يرمدت طاقسإو ةلودلا
ةيبيللا ،
أ اضيو عورشم ميسقت لودلا ةيبرعلا اهتيتفتو ديهمتلاو هل قيمعتب تافلالخا ةيبهذلما
ةيفئاطلاو قيزتمو جيسنلا يعامتجلاا ةصاخ
في
دلا و ل تيلا فرع اهنع حماستلا و شياعتلا و
،لحاصتلا اذهو عيبرلا بيرعلا لما ز موع دق قيأ ظ درالما يفئاطلا بهذلماو أ حبصو حبش
ميسقتلا حولي في قفلأا
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In Projecting Paddhu Madura at IAIN Madura Library, Pamekasan
Masyithah Mardhatillah
1, Hairul Agust Cahyono
2and Qori’ Wahyudi
31,2,3 IAIN Madura
Reliable collection of lliteratures about Madura is still rare to find in any libraries across Madura. Therefore, organizing Paddhu Madura (Madura Corner) is undeniable need for an emerging campus like IAIN Madura. This paper elaborates the initiative which has been arisen for long yet still got ups and downs. The research questions consist of the delay of establishment, detailed plan to implement this initiative in a close time and formulation on ideal concept of the project.
As a field data research, compilation data of this paper will be through interview, observation and library search. Ruling officers, senior librarians and Madurese experts will be the main informants. Meanwhile, observation will take place to other libraries, particularly those organized any specific corner on local/national collection. This library research, in its turn, will uncover features and experience of certain libraries concerning on local collection preservation.
It is hypothetically found that the initiative relatively remains stagnant due to financial management and unserious willingness. However, the plan can take place in a close time together with the moving moment into a newer building. Among others, this corner will not only provide literatures about Madura, but also encourage publication and documentation as its long term programs.
Keywords: Paddhu Madura, IAIN Madura, library 1. INTRODUCTION
Library and literacy have a strong relationship. They influence each other because a good library creates great literacy and otherwise, big literacy would demand a better library.
A country with high rank of reading habits, for example, is supposed to have a big and well managed library while those with low rank are typically still striving to improve and develop their libraries across the country.
Indonesia operates its national library as the highest library building of the world with 24 floors and 126.3 meters height.2 It symbolizes government’s effort and strong will to improve people’s literacy. Each province even city also have libraries although the management quality is varying and so does the spreading of libraries in each island. In addition to district library, university library is another interesting object to discuss.
In a university or other educational institutions, furthermore, library is the main heart.
It serves as a symbol of knowledge and science development. In addition to provide good books and cozy environment to read, it also spreads a magnetic invitation so that people would come for visit. Reputation of an institution, among others, depends on how they manage its library.
In this context, IAIN Madura, the only one Islamic state university in Madura, is managing a library which is claimed as the biggest library at the island. This does not only relate to the old time of operation since its establishment, but also continuing betterment.
2Profil Layanan Berbasis TIK Perpustakaan Nasional RI, accessed September 27, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BDDz1TnumNw&feature=youtu.be.
Today, after about 7 years using a new building with 3 floors, the library will move to the newer building with 4 floors. The moving will not only symbolize physical ones, but also further improvement on the quality and services.
Among others, the establishment of Paddhu Madura (Maduresse corner) would be a main agenda together with the moving moment as it also means availability of some new spaces. This plan had been long time dreamed and discussed, yet it got some ups and downs as well as obstacles in various aspects. Other than that, the strong will of university leaders are in doubt considering that so far, there found no serious action or formal meeting about this.
Another more important obstacle is about budgeting. As a state institution, IAIN Madura needs to follow the exact and very detailed instruction right from planning to evaluation which also takes much time. Additionally, the rigid regulation of budgeting spending makes it hard for librarians to purchase for specific collection such as those related to Madura studies in more flexible time. So far, annual program of book acquisition cannot cover some specific types of book including old published books, rare books or thematic based books.
In fact, the existence of Paddhu Madhura is very much important at least by considering this factor. 1) The university named itself by the name of island. It makes so much sense if the university library enriches its collection by literatures about Madura. 2) IAIN Madura library needs to accentuate on one specific service and it could be Paddhu Madura as the right answer. 3) Paddhu Madura is a real and concrete answer for the big demand of ethnography research from the perspective of insiders3 4) It potentially integrates with some other units in IAIN Madura, such as research center, journal management systems, academicians publication and others.4
Aforementioned condition makes this research important to conduct. More specifically, this also deserves for serious consideration as the research will analyze the past factors of stagnant periods to implement this plan as well as historical data of the ups and downs. Finding of this point will then lead to the second point, which is step by step process to establish Paddhu Madura in a close time. Eventually, it will also discuss ideal concept of the how the service will operate based on the previous two points and other consideration.
2. PREVIOUS AND RELATED RESEARCHES
Researches about this kind of specific service in a library are available in some aspects. However, it is temporarily found that at general, this service comes from external parties in the sense of funding support as well as the central theme portrayed as the service name or label. For instance, there found many units of American Corners at various libraries as clear from these following researches.
First is an article by Ayu Trysnawati entitled Persepsi Pemustaka terhadap Layanan American Corner di Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar.5 It reveals that library users appreciate the service very well as obvious from the increasing number of visit.
The users love to use the service and every detail of what the corner offers.
Another American Corner became a research subject of an article entitled American Corners, a New Service with a New Taste in University Libraries: How Communities are
3Masyhur Abadi, October 9, 2019.
4Nor Hasan, October 7, 2019.
5 Ayu Trysnawati, “Persepsi Pemustaka Terhadap Layanan American Corner Di Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar,” Khizanah Al-Hikmah 3, no. 2 (December 2015): 185–93.
Benefiting from Mzuzu University American Corner.6 It found that the success of Mzuzu American Corner hinged on its strategies on making the service educative, attractive, engaging, interactive as well as open and free for everybody. The librarians are also good at creating continuous contact and relationship with users.
Other than those, a specific service is categorized into a characteristic of specific library, as explained by Arif Surachman in his article, Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Khusus:
Special Library Management.7 Taking Amarican Corner and PSKP (Pusat Studi Keamanan dan Perdamaian) Library at Universitas Gadjah Mada as samples, he concluded that those services are real specific libraries under integrated general management of a university library. He also added that the two libraries have specialties in the sense of collection, information packaging, segmented users, as well as management system.
This kind of specific libraries, according to him, provides service that no other libraries do. Aforementioned specialties also become influential factors in attracting the users as well as fulfilling their needs. Meanwhile, the existence of this library at any educational institution is supposed to give certain role in the learning process. He, therefore, suggested the strong synergy among policy makers in supporting the vision and mission of institution through the establishment and management of this kind of service.8
Additionally, an article by Juznia Andriani entitled Layanan Kid’s Corner di Pusat Perpustakaan dan Penyebaran Teknologi Pertanian (Pustaka) reveals some interesting findings. First, a friendly children and comfortable Kid’s Corner service in Pustaka with a bunch of children literature is the magnetic attraction for children users. Second, the corner becomes an alternative place for children in spending their out-school learning process.
Third, to make the service more popular, the librarians hold the library exhibition and organize cooperation with schools and educational institutions.9
What makes this research different is not only about the subject, but also the aim of writing. This research is more or less like a project proposal which is academically packaged to establish a specific service with all of its specialties and simple features at the very first step. Hopefully, this research and its discussion would enable to establish the service in a closer time through easier process.
3. THE RATIONALES ON INITIATIVE
The idea or initiative to establish Paddhu Madhura as a superior service of IAIN Madura Library comes from this following consideration;
First, the university is named by the island where it is located. This gives both burden and luck because the university automatically becomes one prominent icon of the island.
Therefore, it makes so much sense if the name attachment is not solely on the physical
6 Alan James Kanyundo and Gift Alfred Dube, “American Corners, a New Service with a New Taste in University Libraries: How Communities Are Benefiting from Mzuzu University American Corner,” accessed
September 24, 2019,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327509729_American_Corners_a_New_Service_with_a_New_Taste_
in_University_Libraries_how_communities_are_benefiting_from_Mzuzu_University_American_Corner?enrich Id=rgreq-697eacb844dd6cdc8feaa94621da8ee9-
XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzMyNzUwOTcyOTtBUzo3OTM5ODQ4Njc3Nzg1NjRAMTU2NjMx MjE1Mjc1MQ%3D%3D&el=1_x_2&_esc=publicationCoverPdf.
7 Arif Surachman, “Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Khusus: Special Library Management,” n.d., https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28805778_Pengelolaan_Perpustakaan_Khusus_Special_Library_Man agement.
8 Surachman.
9 Juznia Andriani, “Layanan Kid’s Corner Di Pusat Perpustakaan Dan Penyabaran Teknologi
Pertanian” 24, no. 2 (March 2016),
http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jpp/article/download/3190/2743.
nomenclature, but also on the strong willingness to provide excellent service for strengthening both local wisdom values and scientific treasures. The perspective of insider will also be accommodated through this service considering that Madura has become a worldwide study object.10
Relating to three roles (Tri Dharma) of university, which are education and learning, research and community service, it also gives special authorities and privilege for IAIN Madura library to provide excellent service in Madurese literatures. For the long term goal, therefore, it is worth for Paddhu Madura to also consider the concept of scientific development through some relating programs ranging from facilitating discussion on Madurese studies to stimulating the publication of Madurese books and articles.
Second, Paddhu Madhura is a potential feature to introduce in order to promote both university and its library to public. The existence of reliable collection on Madurese studies would automatically increase university reputation while good promotional strategies would attract external visitors or library users to come and see the collection. In addition to administrative matters such as assessment and accreditation, this feature would increase quality service as well as the branding of university which is directly beneficial for students and university citizens. General public, on the other hand, could also use refer and rely on the service in finding authoritative and thorough information on Madura studies.
Third, the existence of Paddhu Madhura complements the roles of various related institutions existing in both IAIN Madura and regional institutions as well. So far, a special library service for Madurese literature is found at a regional library of Pamekasan called Konten Madura. However, the collection is not adequate enough so any improvement and development is really needed. Meanwhile at the university areas, some related units which will get much advantage by the operation of this service consist of Unit Bahasa, Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Madurologi as well as journal managements. Paddhu Madhura will be a sparring partner not only in providing space and reservation for Madurese literatures, but also encourage much more publication and develop Madurese discourse.11
Above all, as mentioned in Guidelines for the Selection of Digital Heritage for Long- Term Preservation, libraries, together with archives and museums, traditionally have responsibilities to preserve intellectual and cultural resources of all societies. IAIN Madura Library, in this context, as a library under management of a state university which automatically becomes a part of a national institution, has additional responsibility to play a vital role in providing leadership on preservation agenda on heritage communities.12 Moreover, it is fancy to know that typically, specific services in any library are mainly providing collection on other ethnics or nations instead. Collection on insider heritage or literatures is usually available at any cultural library instead of disctrict or university libraries.
4. THE BRIEF HISTORY AND CURRENT CONDITION OF LIBRARY
IAIN Madura (formerly known as STAIN Pamekasan) library was established, at very late, in 1997. It was firstly led by Moch. Mochtar, BA until 2002. Today, after 6 times succession, Hairul Agust Cahyono, M. Hum serves as the chief beginning from March, 2019.13 At very first, this library was located in the old campus at Brawijaya Street, Pamekasan. It then moved to a two floor building in a new campus at Panglegur Street
10Abadi, interview.
11Hasan, interview.
12Sarah CC Choy (et al), “THE UNESCO/PERSIST; Guidelines for the Selection of Digital Heritage for Long-Term Preservation,” March 2016, 3.
13 Tim Penulis, Buku Pedoman Perpustakaan Pusat STAIN Pamekasan (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri, 2016), 2–3. Bandingkan dengan “Naskah Buku Pedoman RDK 2019,” n.d., 2.
beginning from 2004. Eight years later, it moved again to a three floor building at the same campus location until today.14
The library sets its vision to become a competitive center of scientific development of an Islamic university. Meanwhile, its vision consists of providing representative literatures and information to support tridharma of university,
