tourism management

(1)

(2)

Written by:

Robetmi Jumpakita Pinem Sari Listyorini

Dinalestari Purbawati

(3)

Written by:

Robetmi Jumpakita Pinem Sari Listyorini

Dinalestari Purbawat

Published by:

CV. ALINEA MEDIA DIPANTARA Kav. Permata Beringin IV No. G14 Wonosari, Ngaliyan, Semarang Surel: [email protected] www.penerbitalinea.comxiii

150 pages + x First published 2021 ISBN: 978-623-96583-3-5

Printed by:

Isi di luar tanggung jawab percetakan

(4)

Written by:

Robetmi Jumpakita Pinem Sari Listyorini

Dinalestari Purbawat

Published by:

CV. ALINEA MEDIA DIPANTARA Kav. Permata Beringin IV No. G14 Wonosari, Ngaliyan, Semarang Surel: [email protected] www.penerbitalinea.comxiii

150 pages + x First published 2020 ISBN: 978-623-96583-3-5 Printed by:

Isi di luar tanggung jawab percetakan

SEMOGA SETIAP INSAN MANUSIA BERLOMBA-LOMBA UNTUK BERBUAT KEBAIKAN DAN BERMANFAAT BAGI SESAMA

MANUSIA

(Robetmi Jumpakita Pinem, 2019)

(5)

First of all, thank God Almighty, the owner of life, for His permission, the writing of this Tourism Management Book can be completed from beginning to end. Thank you to all those who have helped so that this book can be completed according to the planned time. To the families who continue to provide support during the process of working on this textbook and to fellow lecturers who continue to support each other.

Tourism is an activity that many people do. Tourism activities are not only activities that provide good benefits for those who carry out tourism activities but also for providers which are very important. The tourism sector is always a concern, especially when the pandemic does not allow crowds, especially large numbers. The tourism sector is one of the most affected by the pandemic. This book not only discusses the introduction of Tourism Management but also adds to the conditions resulting from the pandemic for the tourism sector.

In closing, the author would like to say once again to all those who have participated so that this book cannot be mentioned one by one. Finally, Taka da ivory is not cracked, as well as the writer who is far from perfect. The author accepts constructive criticism and suggestions for the improvement of this book so that it is more beneficial.

be an inspiration to those around them so that they do what they do.

Author

Robetmi Jumpakita Pinem Email: [email protected]

(6)

First of all, thank God Almighty, the owner of life, for His permission, the writing of this Tourism Management Book can be completed from beginning to end. Thank you to all those who have helped so that this book can be completed according to the planned time. To the families who continue to provide support during the process of working on this textbook and to fellow lecturers who continue to support each other.

Tourism is an activity that many people do. Tourism activities are not only activities that provide good benefits for those who carry out tourism activities but also for providers which are very important. The tourism sector is always a concern, especially when the pandemic does not allow crowds, especially large numbers. The tourism sector is one of the most affected by the pandemic. This book not only discusses the introduction of Tourism Management but also adds to the conditions resulting from the pandemic for the tourism sector.

In closing, the author would like to say once again to all those who have participated so that this book cannot be mentioned one by one. Finally, Taka da ivory is not cracked, as well as the writer who is far from perfect. The author accepts constructive criticism and suggestions for the improvement of this book so that it is more beneficial.

be an inspiration to those around them so that they do what they do.

Author

Robetmi Jumpakita Pinem Email: [email protected]

(7)

Acknowledgments.....….………..iv

Table of contents………..vi

List of Table………...………...ix

List of figures………...…………..………..….x

SUBJECT REVIEW.………..……….……....1

I. Brief Description………...1

II. Relevance……….……….....1

III. Learning outcomes………2

IV. Competence………3

Chapter 1 Introducing To Tourism….…………...………4

1.1 Introduction ……..………..……….4

1.2. Definition of Tourism………..………6

A. Description.……….………..6

B. Exercise……….………...17

C. Summary ……….………18

D. Formative Test………..……...18

E. Feedback………...……....20

F. Follow Up………..……...20

G. Answers of Formative Test………...21

H. References………....21

2.1 Introduction……..………..……...23

2.2. Tourism Management Karimun Jawa……….…………...25

2.3. Tourism Management……….……….…...26

2.4. Tourism Marketing……….………..……...28

A. Definition.……….….………...28

B. Exercise……….…………...32

C. Summary………...………..….….32

D. Formative Test………..…...….33

E. Feedback………...….35

F. Follow Up………....….35

H. References……….…...36

I. Glossary………...37

Chapter 3 Ecotourism……….……..….39

1.1 Introduction……..………...……….…...39

1.2. Definition of Ecotourism ………...…41

A. Explanation.……… ……….………...41

B. Exercise……….………52

C. Summary……….……….…….…53

D. Formative Test………..……54

E. Feedback………...55

F. Follow Up………....….56

G. Answers of Formative Test………..56

H. References………...….…57

(8)

Acknowledgments.....….………..iv

Table of contents………..vi

List of Table………...………...ix

List of figures………...…………..………..….x

SUBJECT REVIEW.………..……….……....1

I. Brief Description………...1

II. Relevance……….……….....1

III. Learning outcomes………2

IV. Competence………3

Chapter 1 Introducing To Tourism….…………...………4

1.1 Introduction ……..………..……….4

1.2. Definition of Tourism………..………6

A. Description.……….………..6

B. Exercise……….………...17

C. Summary ……….………18

D. Formative Test………..……...18

E. Feedback………...……....20

F. Follow Up………..……...20

H. References………....21

2.1 Introduction……..………..……...23

2.2. Tourism Management Karimun Jawa……….…………...25

2.3. Tourism Management……….……….…...26

2.4. Tourism Marketing……….………..……...28

A. Definition.……….….………...28

B. Exercise……….…………...32

C. Summary………...………..….….32

D. Formative Test………..…...….33

E. Feedback………...….35

F. Follow Up………....….35

H. References……….…...36

Chapter 3 Ecotourism……….……..….39

1.1 Introduction……..………...……….…...39

1.2. Definition of Ecotourism ………...…41

A. Explanation.……… ……….………...41

B. Exercise……….………52

C. Summary……….……….…….…53

D. Formative Test………..……54

E. Feedback………...55

F. Follow Up………....….56

H. References………...….…57

(9)

1.1 Introduction……..………..…..………...75

1.2. Definition of Tourism Village……….……….…….78

A. Explanation……….……….…78

B. Exercise……….…………..….…89

C. Summary………...………...…90

D. Formative Test……….…..……...91

E. Feedback………..……...…92

F. Follow Up………...93

G. Answers of Formative Test………....93

H. References………..…………94

I. Glossary………...……….95

Chapter 5 E-Tourism………..113

1.1 Introduction……..………..….…113

1.2 Understanding E-Tourism………. …..…...…116

A. Explanation……….………..…116

B. Summary………...………126

C. Exercise……….…………..…..…127

D. Formative Test………....……..127

E. Feedback………..………...…..129

F. Follow Up………...…..129

H. References………130

I. Glossary……….132

ATTACHMENT INDEX BIOGRAFI PENULIS Figure 2.1 Interview with Karimunjawa Port Authority .. 26

Figure 2.2 Interview with Tour Guide ... 27

Figure 5.1 Tourism Development System Design ... 118

Figure 5.2 Panorama of Ujung Negoro Beach, Batang ... 124

(10)

1.1 Introduction……..………..…..………...75

1.2. Definition of Tourism Village……….……….…….78

A. Explanation……….……….…78

B. Exercise……….…………..….…89

C. Summary………...………...…90

D. Formative Test……….…..……...91

E. Feedback………..……...…92

F. Follow Up………...93

G. Answers of Formative Test………....93

H. References………..…………94

I. Glossary………...……….95

Chapter 5 E-Tourism………..113

1.1 Introduction……..………..….…113

1.2 Understanding E-Tourism………. …..…...…116

A. Explanation……….………..…116

B. Summary………...………126

C. Exercise……….…………..…..…127

D. Formative Test………....……..127

E. Feedback………..………...…..129

F. Follow Up………...…..129

H. References………130

I. Glossary……….132

ATTACHMENT INDEX BIOGRAFI PENULIS Figure 2.1 Interview with Karimunjawa Port Authority .. 26

Figure 2.2 Interview with Tour Guide ... 27

Figure 5.1 Tourism Development System Design ... 118

Figure 5.2 Panorama of Ujung Negoro Beach, Batang ... 124

(11)

I. Brief Description

The tourism management course provides an understanding of knowledge about tourism and the types of tourism. Ecotourism as one of the more popular tours, especially when the issue of caring for the environment is getting higher. Tourism village as a way to explore the village with all its potential. Tourist villages can be developed in many villages in Indonesia which have the uniqueness of being an attraction for visitors. E-tourism as a way to facilitate tourism activities. E-tourism can be made by tourism activists to provide information about tourist attractions and existing facilities, online booking systems including online payments that facilitate tourism activities.

II. Relevancy

Currently, tourism is a sector that involves many people.

Students studying tourism management can contribute in many ways. Activities contribute to the development of ecotourism in their respective areas by contributing ideas to tourism actors in residential areas that have ecotourism potential. Tourism village is one of the important things to be developed for villages that have uniqueness and potential that can be offered to tourists.

Students can contribute to the community or the area where they live by creating e-tourism in the form of tourist information around their place of residence so that information on tourist attractions in the area where they live can be known by

(12)

COURSE OVERVIEW I. Brief Description

The tourism management course provides an understanding of knowledge about tourism and the types of tourism. Ecotourism as one of the more popular tours, especially when the issue of caring for the environment is getting higher. Tourism village as a way to explore the village with all its potential. Tourist villages can be developed in many villages in Indonesia which have the uniqueness of being an attraction for visitors. E-tourism as a way to facilitate tourism activities. E-tourism can be made by tourism activists to provide information about tourist attractions and existing facilities, online booking systems including online payments that facilitate tourism activities.

II. Relevancy

Currently, tourism is a sector that involves many people.

Students studying tourism management can contribute in many ways. Activities contribute to the development of ecotourism in their respective areas by contributing ideas to tourism actors in residential areas that have ecotourism potential. Tourism village is one of the important things to be developed for villages that have uniqueness and potential that can be offered to tourists.

Students can contribute to the community or the area where they live by creating e-tourism in the form of tourist information around their place of residence so that information on tourist attractions in the area where they live can be known by

(13)

potential tourists who are looking for tourist attractions references, especially in the digital era where all information can be accessed by anyone. Public.

III. Learning Outcomes

1. Course Learning Outcomes (CPMK) 1. Students are able to explain tourism

2. Students are able to explain tourism management 3. Students are able to explain ecotourism

4. Students are able to explain tourist villages 5. Students are able to explain e-tourism

2. Sub-Achievements of Course Learning (Sub-CPMK) 1. Students are able to explain the meaning of tourism

according to experts and their own opinions.

2. Students are able to explain the implementation of tourism management with case examples.

3. Students are able to explain ecotourism strategies and make ecotourism development plans.

4. Students are able to explain the development of tourist villages by duplicating well-known tourist villages or creating their own tourist village ideas that can be developed in their respective areas.

5. Students are able to explain the role of e-tourism and the development of e-tourism in Indonesia.

IV. Competence

1. Students can explain tourism and types of tourism.

2. Students can make proposals for ecotourism development in the area where they live.

3. Students are able to develop ideas for developing village tourism in the area where they live.

4. Students are able to create an e-tourism that is useful for tourist attractions.

(14)

potential tourists who are looking for tourist attractions references, especially in the digital era where all information can be accessed by anyone. Public.

III. Learning Outcomes

1. Course Learning Outcomes (CPMK) 1. Students are able to explain tourism

2. Students are able to explain tourism management 3. Students are able to explain ecotourism

4. Students are able to explain tourist villages 5. Students are able to explain e-tourism

2. Sub-Achievements of Course Learning (Sub-CPMK) 1. Students are able to explain the meaning of tourism

according to experts and their own opinions.

2. Students are able to explain the implementation of tourism management with case examples.

3. Students are able to explain ecotourism strategies and make ecotourism development plans.

4. Students are able to explain the development of tourist villages by duplicating well-known tourist villages or creating their own tourist village ideas that can be developed in their respective areas.

5. Students are able to explain the role of e-tourism and the development of e-tourism in Indonesia.

IV. Competence

1. Students can explain tourism and types of tourism.

2. Students can make proposals for ecotourism development in the area where they live.

3. Students are able to develop ideas for developing village tourism in the area where they live.

4. Students are able to create an e-tourism that is useful for tourist attractions.

(15)

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM 1.1 Introduction

A. Brief description

This sub-chapter discusses the notion of tourism defined by experts. Experts give their opinions about tourism so that it will make it easier for readers to understand tourism. Tourism as one of the human needs to entertain themselves and relieve fatigue. Tourism is an activity that has existed for a long time.

Tourism activity is one of the oldest existing activities. Tourism is an activity that exists in all countries, the human need to have fun makes the tourism industry continue to grow from time to time.

The diverse types of tourism make tourism opportunities a source of income for many people. This type of tourism is like nature tourism that offers stunning natural beauty with extraordinary beauty. Cultural tourism that offers the rich culture of the homeland. The very diverse types of tourism can be used as tourism potential that can increase the income of people who use it as a source of income.

Beautiful nature tourism offers, for example, views that are able to attract domestic and foreign visitors, it will be able to open new jobs, not only getting visitor entrance fees but also reviving craftsmen in the surrounding area Opening opportunities for tour guide services and other lodging or home stays that can become

a source of income for the surrounding community. In this section, students are expected to be able to understand the definition of tourism and be able to understand and explain the types of tourism and their differences from one another.

B. Relevance

Students need to understand tourism and the types of tourism. As a student, you have the potential to become an actor in the tourism sector before and after graduation. Students are expected to be able to develop their ideas to contribute to the advancement of tourism in Indonesia. Especially when the Covid-19 pandemic is like this, students can contribute ideas for the advancement of Indonesian tourism in the midst of unfavorable conditions.

C. Competence

C.1. Competency standards

The results of this material are expected that students who take tourism management courses are able to explain the definition of tourism according to experts and according to their own opinions. Students understand the types of tourism and the differences between them. Students are also able to provide examples of these types of tourism in Indonesia so that it will be easy to understand with examples of the types of tourism.

C.2. Basic competencies

1. Able to explain the meaning of tourism 2. Be able to explain the nature of tourism

(16)

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM 1.1 Introduction

A. Brief description

This sub-chapter discusses the notion of tourism defined by experts. Experts give their opinions about tourism so that it will make it easier for readers to understand tourism. Tourism as one of the human needs to entertain themselves and relieve fatigue. Tourism is an activity that has existed for a long time.

Tourism activity is one of the oldest existing activities. Tourism is an activity that exists in all countries, the human need to have fun makes the tourism industry continue to grow from time to time.

The diverse types of tourism make tourism opportunities a source of income for many people. This type of tourism is like nature tourism that offers stunning natural beauty with extraordinary beauty. Cultural tourism that offers the rich culture of the homeland. The very diverse types of tourism can be used as tourism potential that can increase the income of people who use it as a source of income.

Beautiful nature tourism offers, for example, views that are able to attract domestic and foreign visitors, it will be able to open new jobs, not only getting visitor entrance fees but also reviving craftsmen in the surrounding area Opening opportunities for tour guide services and other lodging or home stays that can become

a source of income for the surrounding community. In this section, students are expected to be able to understand the definition of tourism and be able to understand and explain the types of tourism and their differences from one another.

B. Relevance

Students need to understand tourism and the types of tourism. As a student, you have the potential to become an actor in the tourism sector before and after graduation. Students are expected to be able to develop their ideas to contribute to the advancement of tourism in Indonesia. Especially when the Covid-19 pandemic is like this, students can contribute ideas for the advancement of Indonesian tourism in the midst of unfavorable conditions.

C. Competence

The results of this material are expected that students who take tourism management courses are able to explain the definition of tourism according to experts and according to their own opinions. Students understand the types of tourism and the differences between them. Students are also able to provide examples of these types of tourism in Indonesia so that it will be easy to understand with examples of the types of tourism.

1. Able to explain the meaning of tourism 2. Be able to explain the nature of tourism

(17)

3. Able to explain the types of tourism

4. Be able to describe examples of types of tourism

5. Able to contribute ideas for the advancement of Indonesian tourism.

D. Learning Instructions

Students read and provide definitions according to their understanding after reading some of the opinions of experts about tourism. Students make the types of tours that exist in their area and explain in detail. Students will be given questions to answer and will be checked for answers after they are done. Students are also required to pass the limit on the number of correct answers to the multiple-choice questions given. If the student does not pass the threshold, the student is required to re-do the questions and study their incorrect answers.

1.2. Definition of tourism A. Description

1. Tourism

1.1 Definition of tourism

Activities that a person does in his spare time to have fun in a place can be referred to as tourism activities. According to Luturlean et al., (2019) tourism is a series of human activities, whether carried out by individuals or groups in the territory of other countries by obtaining facilities, services, and other

supporting factors provided by the government or local communities.

The World Tourism Organization defines tourism as the activity of humans traveling outside their daily environment, and usually for no more than one year continuously for pleasure or business. Meanwhile, the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2009 explains that tourism is a variety of tourism activities and is supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, entrepreneurs, government and local governments. Based on the definition that has been mentioned, it can be concluded that tourism is an individual or group activity by visiting a place in the short term for fun or business purposes where this activity is facilitated by the community, businessmen or the local government.

Tourism activities are one of the activities that are favored by many people, especially those who are busy working. Feeling tired and bored with work definitely requires time to relax or refresh. Tourism activities are one of the activities that many people do to avoid boredom or boredom from daily activities.

Tourism activity itself is an activity that can be done by everyone regardless of age, gender, occupation, race, ethnicity and other backgrounds. Traveling activities can be done by anyone in different ways.

Tourism cannot be separated from the people who carry out these activities and the destination of their activities. In the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 10 of 2009, "people who do

(18)

3. Able to explain the types of tourism

4. Be able to describe examples of types of tourism

5. Able to contribute ideas for the advancement of Indonesian tourism.

Students read and provide definitions according to their understanding after reading some of the opinions of experts about tourism. Students make the types of tours that exist in their area and explain in detail. Students will be given questions to answer and will be checked for answers after they are done. Students are also required to pass the limit on the number of correct answers to the multiple-choice questions given. If the student does not pass the threshold, the student is required to re-do the questions and study their incorrect answers.

1.2. Definition of tourism A. Description

1. Tourism

1.1 Definition of tourism

Activities that a person does in his spare time to have fun in a place can be referred to as tourism activities. According to Luturlean et al., (2019) tourism is a series of human activities, whether carried out by individuals or groups in the territory of other countries by obtaining facilities, services, and other

supporting factors provided by the government or local communities.

The World Tourism Organization defines tourism as the activity of humans traveling outside their daily environment, and usually for no more than one year continuously for pleasure or business. Meanwhile, the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2009 explains that tourism is a variety of tourism activities and is supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, entrepreneurs, government and local governments. Based on the definition that has been mentioned, it can be concluded that tourism is an individual or group activity by visiting a place in the short term for fun or business purposes where this activity is facilitated by the community, businessmen or the local government.

Tourism cannot be separated from the people who carry out these activities and the destination of their activities. In the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 10 of 2009, "people who do

(19)

tourism" are referred to as tourists, while tourism destinations are geographical areas within one or more administrative areas with attractiveness, facilities, accessibility, and communities that complement each other for the realization of tourism. This is reinforced that there are three main elements of tourism activities according to Cooper et al (1998) namely (1) tourists, (2) Geographical elements consisting of Tourist Origin Areas (DAW), Transit Areas (DT) and Tourist Destinations (DTW). , (3) Tourism Industry. Tourism travel has several characteristics that shape it, namely:

1. The trip is only temporary 2. Traveling from place to place

3. Travel is always associated with recreation or fun.

4. People who travel for tourism do not earn a living in the places visited, but only as consumers.

1.2 Nature of Tourism

Tourism is a combination of products and services. Where the activities are aligned to meet the needs and desires of tourists who come in order to achieve satisfaction and tourists are happy to visit again. According to Ismayanti (2010) the characteristics inherent in tourism activities are as follows:

1. The combination of intangible and tangible properties Tourism is something that has no form and cannot be carried and then shown to others. However, the facilities and facilities in

these places can provide comfort. This facility is tangible and can be used.

2. Inseparable nature

In tourism activities there is communication or interaction between tourists and the owner or the surrounding community.

This interaction is important because each other makes social contact.

3. Diversity

The form of service in tourism cannot be equated, because usually each person has the desired preferences of each. So that tourism needs to understand the background of tourist needs, this also concludes the diversity in terms of service.

4. Seasonal

Tourism cannot always attract the attention of tourists in the long term. Usually there are seasons where tourism gets a very busy number of tourists, but sometimes there are also seasons with less visitors.

1.3 Types of Tourism

In its development, tourism has various types according to the needs of today's society. According to Yoeti (1996) the type of tourism is based on five things, namely geographical location, influence on the balance of payments, reasons for travel, travel time, and objects. Revida et al. (2020) has divided the types of tourism more specifically, as follows:

(20)

tourism" are referred to as tourists, while tourism destinations are geographical areas within one or more administrative areas with attractiveness, facilities, accessibility, and communities that complement each other for the realization of tourism. This is reinforced that there are three main elements of tourism activities according to Cooper et al (1998) namely (1) tourists, (2) Geographical elements consisting of Tourist Origin Areas (DAW), Transit Areas (DT) and Tourist Destinations (DTW). , (3) Tourism Industry. Tourism travel has several characteristics that shape it, namely:

1. The trip is only temporary 2. Traveling from place to place

3. Travel is always associated with recreation or fun.

4. People who travel for tourism do not earn a living in the places visited, but only as consumers.

1.2 Nature of Tourism

Tourism is a combination of products and services. Where the activities are aligned to meet the needs and desires of tourists who come in order to achieve satisfaction and tourists are happy to visit again. According to Ismayanti (2010) the characteristics inherent in tourism activities are as follows:

1. The combination of intangible and tangible properties Tourism is something that has no form and cannot be carried and then shown to others. However, the facilities and facilities in

these places can provide comfort. This facility is tangible and can be used.

2. Inseparable nature

In tourism activities there is communication or interaction between tourists and the owner or the surrounding community.

This interaction is important because each other makes social contact.

3. Diversity

The form of service in tourism cannot be equated, because usually each person has the desired preferences of each. So that tourism needs to understand the background of tourist needs, this also concludes the diversity in terms of service.

4. Seasonal

Tourism cannot always attract the attention of tourists in the long term. Usually there are seasons where tourism gets a very busy number of tourists, but sometimes there are also seasons with less visitors.

1.3 Types of Tourism

In its development, tourism has various types according to the needs of today's society. According to Yoeti (1996) the type of tourism is based on five things, namely geographical location, influence on the balance of payments, reasons for travel, travel time, and objects. Revida et al. (2020) has divided the types of tourism more specifically, as follows:

(21)

1. Cultural tourism

A trip made by tourists based on their preferences or interest in the arts and culture of an area they visit. This activity is usually people who have an interest in art and the work of the culture of a region. Cultural tourism is very much to be found in Indonesia.

Some areas, for example, have become tourist destinations for cultural tourism such as Jogjakarta, Solo, Bandung and several other areas that do offer the beauty of the arts and culture of the area.

Example:

- Yogyakarta - Solo

2. Maritime tourism

Tourism activities carried out around the coast, lake and sea are supported by the available facilities. People who love water tourism who enjoy the beauty of the beach that provides tranquility. Many people look for water attractions as a place to relieve fatigue. Marine tourism is mostly done by families or community groups.

Example:

- Lake Toba - Lake Batur - Lake Maninjo - Parangtritis beach - Pandawa Beach

- Kuta beach 3. Sports tourism

Activities carried out are based on sports such as hiking, diving, skiing and others. Sports lovers travel to many areas according to their hobbies such as climbing mountains in Indonesia or abroad. Doing diving in some places that have coral reefs or interesting underwater scenery. Some people also do ski for people who have winter. People who have this hobby are usually willing to travel abroad.

Example: - Mount Everest - Mount Sibayak - Mount Merbabu - Sumbing Mountain - Mount Lawu - Karimunjawa - Weh Island - Alor Islands - Raja Ampat

4. Nature Reserve Tourism

Activities carried out on the grounds of wanting to enjoy nature reserves, protected debt as a medium of relaxation. Many people deliberately go to places of nature reserves and the like to seek peace. Do activities in nature and stay in a tent and enjoy the serene nature. Many people do activities in protected forests

(22)

1. Cultural tourism

A trip made by tourists based on their preferences or interest in the arts and culture of an area they visit. This activity is usually people who have an interest in art and the work of the culture of a region. Cultural tourism is very much to be found in Indonesia.

Some areas, for example, have become tourist destinations for cultural tourism such as Jogjakarta, Solo, Bandung and several other areas that do offer the beauty of the arts and culture of the area.

Example:

- Yogyakarta - Solo

2. Maritime tourism

Tourism activities carried out around the coast, lake and sea are supported by the available facilities. People who love water tourism who enjoy the beauty of the beach that provides tranquility. Many people look for water attractions as a place to relieve fatigue. Marine tourism is mostly done by families or community groups.

Example:

- Lake Toba - Lake Batur - Lake Maninjo - Parangtritis beach - Pandawa Beach

- Kuta beach 3. Sports tourism

Activities carried out are based on sports such as hiking, diving, skiing and others. Sports lovers travel to many areas according to their hobbies such as climbing mountains in Indonesia or abroad. Doing diving in some places that have coral reefs or interesting underwater scenery. Some people also do ski for people who have winter. People who have this hobby are usually willing to travel abroad.

Example:

- Mount Everest - Mount Sibayak - Mount Merbabu - Sumbing Mountain - Mount Lawu - Karimunjawa - Weh Island - Alor Islands - Raja Ampat

4. Nature Reserve Tourism

Activities carried out on the grounds of wanting to enjoy nature reserves, protected debt as a medium of relaxation. Many people deliberately go to places of nature reserves and the like to seek peace. Do activities in nature and stay in a tent and enjoy the serene nature. Many people do activities in protected forests

(23)

or nature reserves to carry out intimate activities or just want to enjoy the tranquility away from the crowds.

Example:

- Bukit Barisan

- Darupono Nature Reserve - Pangandaran nature reserve - Kapok

- Grand Forest Park (Tahura) 5. Culinary tourism

Usually, this tour is specifically for people or groups who want to enjoy special foods from various regions. Indonesia is a country that is famous for its culinary. A variety of culinary specialties with each very unique region makes many people to travel to enjoy the typical food of a region. Foods that have the characteristics of each region make many people travel to be able to enjoy the food in their destination area. Some areas have their own peculiarities, for example North Sumatra which is famous for its spicy and salty specialties, for example Lontong Medan, the Jogjakarta area which is famous for sweet foods such as the famous Gudeg. Padang is famous for processed meat and coconut milk.

Example:

- Gudeg in Jogjakarta - Papeda in Papua

- Acehnese noodles in Aceh

- Rendang in Padang - Pempek in Palembang - Babi guling in Bali - Coto in Makassar 6. Religious tourism

Tourism activities with the aim of carrying out certain religious/belief services such as spiritual tourism or Umrah.

Tourist activities are carried out by people for the purpose of worship. Indonesia as a country where almost all of the people have religion. Indonesian people do a lot of spiritual tourism because almost all of its citizens have a religion. Some examples that can be seen as a religious destination for many people.

Example:

- Umrah in Mecca

- Spiritual journey to the Vatican - Spiritual journey to Israel - Spiritual journey to Borobudur.

7. Local tourism

A tourist trip carried out by a person or group in the environment around his own place of residence, and its nature is close. Many people who travel around the place of residence.

Example:

- The Parapat community goes on a tour of Lake Toba - Magelang people who travel to Borobudur.

- Semarang people travel to Marina beach

(24)

or nature reserves to carry out intimate activities or just want to enjoy the tranquility away from the crowds.

Example:

- Bukit Barisan

- Darupono Nature Reserve - Pangandaran nature reserve - Kapok

- Grand Forest Park (Tahura) 5. Culinary tourism

Usually, this tour is specifically for people or groups who want to enjoy special foods from various regions. Indonesia is a country that is famous for its culinary. A variety of culinary specialties with each very unique region makes many people to travel to enjoy the typical food of a region. Foods that have the characteristics of each region make many people travel to be able to enjoy the food in their destination area. Some areas have their own peculiarities, for example North Sumatra which is famous for its spicy and salty specialties, for example Lontong Medan, the Jogjakarta area which is famous for sweet foods such as the famous Gudeg. Padang is famous for processed meat and coconut milk.

Example:

- Gudeg in Jogjakarta - Papeda in Papua

- Acehnese noodles in Aceh

- Rendang in Padang - Pempek in Palembang - Babi guling in Bali - Coto in Makassar 6. Religious tourism

Tourism activities with the aim of carrying out certain religious/belief services such as spiritual tourism or Umrah.

Tourist activities are carried out by people for the purpose of worship. Indonesia as a country where almost all of the people have religion. Indonesian people do a lot of spiritual tourism because almost all of its citizens have a religion. Some examples that can be seen as a religious destination for many people.

Example:

- Umrah in Mecca

- Spiritual journey to the Vatican - Spiritual journey to Israel - Spiritual journey to Borobudur.

7. Local tourism

A tourist trip carried out by a person or group in the environment around his own place of residence, and its nature is close. Many people who travel around the place of residence.

Example:

- The Parapat community goes on a tour of Lake Toba - Magelang people who travel to Borobudur.

- Semarang people travel to Marina beach

(25)

- Berastahi people who travel to Mount Sibayak 8. Regional tourism

Tourism that is carried out in the same area, such as the city of Semarang, Solo, Purwokerto which comes from Central Java.

Someone carrying out tourism activities that are still in the same province and outside the district or city where he lives. Many tourists carry out tourism activities outside the district or city where they live.

Example:

- Solo people on vacation to Borobudur Magelang.

- The Klaten people are on vacation in Jepara.

- The Purbalingga people vacation in Semarang.

9. National tourism

Tourism trips that are carried out outside the region and are still in the same country. Travel can use private transportation, planes, ships, or trains. Tourists travel between provinces, most tourists travel to well-known places such as Bali, Lombok, Jogjakarta, Labuan Bajo and tourist attractions that are known nationally.

Many people travel outside the province for many reasons such as wanting to try something new, wanting to visit tourist attractions that are already well-known to foreign countries and other reasons. Tourists usually have to spend on transportation and accommodation because the tourist location is far from where they live. Most of the time that is chosen to take a vacation

is during a national holiday which is a bit longer so that it can result in a longer vacation time.

Example:

- People from Medan to Bali.

- People from Bandung to Pulau Weh Aceh - Surabaya people to Labuan Bajo

- Kalimantan people to Jogjakarta.

- Papuans to Lombok 10. International Tourism

Tourism trips carried out by people or groups by visiting other countries that are different from their origin. Tourists travel outside their country of residence. Tourists who travel abroad require a greater cost than local tourism. Some of the reasons for the larger amount of money spent on international tourism are because it requires plane tickets abroad, travel visas for some countries (free for some countries).

Some countries that are free for Indonesia to visit are Hong Kong, Macau, Qatar and all ASEAN countries such as the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia.

Example:

- Indonesians travel to Germany.

- Malaysians to Taiwan - Thai To Australia - Australian to Indonesia

(26)

- Berastahi people who travel to Mount Sibayak 8. Regional tourism

Tourism that is carried out in the same area, such as the city of Semarang, Solo, Purwokerto which comes from Central Java.

Someone carrying out tourism activities that are still in the same province and outside the district or city where he lives. Many tourists carry out tourism activities outside the district or city where they live.

Example:

- Solo people on vacation to Borobudur Magelang.

- The Klaten people are on vacation in Jepara.

- The Purbalingga people vacation in Semarang.

9. National tourism

Tourism trips that are carried out outside the region and are still in the same country. Travel can use private transportation, planes, ships, or trains. Tourists travel between provinces, most tourists travel to well-known places such as Bali, Lombok, Jogjakarta, Labuan Bajo and tourist attractions that are known nationally.

Many people travel outside the province for many reasons such as wanting to try something new, wanting to visit tourist attractions that are already well-known to foreign countries and other reasons. Tourists usually have to spend on transportation and accommodation because the tourist location is far from where they live. Most of the time that is chosen to take a vacation

is during a national holiday which is a bit longer so that it can result in a longer vacation time.

Example:

- People from Medan to Bali.

- People from Bandung to Pulau Weh Aceh - Surabaya people to Labuan Bajo

- Kalimantan people to Jogjakarta.

- Papuans to Lombok 10. International Tourism

Tourism trips carried out by people or groups by visiting other countries that are different from their origin. Tourists travel outside their country of residence. Tourists who travel abroad require a greater cost than local tourism. Some of the reasons for the larger amount of money spent on international tourism are because it requires plane tickets abroad, travel visas for some countries (free for some countries).

Some countries that are free for Indonesia to visit are Hong Kong, Macau, Qatar and all ASEAN countries such as the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia.

Example:

- Indonesians travel to Germany.

- Malaysians to Taiwan - Thai To Australia - Australian to Indonesia

(27)

- Vietnamese to America 1.4 Types of Tourism

The way a person enjoys his free time will certainly vary depending on his interests and preferences. The selection of tourist objects also depends on what they want to do later. Not only for fun, but tourism travel can be influenced by other factors such as business, studies, or sports. The following types of tourism are divided into three, namely:

1. Excursions

A type of tourism that has the aim of seeking pleasure such as enjoying trips by climbing mountains, walking backwards, conducting recreational activities on the beach or lake as well as visiting cultural tours to historical places.

2. Widyawisata

Tourism with reasons to deepen knowledge by visiting museums, planetariums, conducting field research and others.

3. Field trips

Tourism related to work assignments, such as attending tourist attractions while conducting meetings or seminars.

1.5 Tourist Attractions

In the sustainability of a tourism, the role of companies and the government needs to continue to maintain the attractiveness of a tourism. This is important because a tourist destination must have an attraction so that tourists want to come to visit (Muljadi,

2009). The attractiveness of tourism that continues to be good can provide benefits such as providing income for the surrounding community, companies and the government.

Darsoprajitno (2002) divides four categories of tourist attractions, namely natural tourist attractions, community tourist attractions, fostered tourist attractions, special interest tourist attractions. The determining factors that can shape tourism attractiveness according to Suwantoro (2004) include:

1. There are resources that can make you feel happy, beautiful, comfortable.

2. High accessibility for visiting.

3. There are specifications that are rare.

4. There are supporting facilities and infrastructure to serve tourists.

5. Natural attractions have the attraction of natural beauty.

6. Cultural tourism objects have special value attractions such as attractions, traditional ceremonies, etc.

7. Financial feasibility B. Exercise

1. Explain the meaning of tourism.

2. Explain the difference between local and regional tourism 3. Explain and give an example of religious tourism.

4. Explain culinary tourism

5. Give your opinion on the advantages and disadvantages of international tourism

(28)

- Vietnamese to America 1.4 Types of Tourism

The way a person enjoys his free time will certainly vary depending on his interests and preferences. The selection of tourist objects also depends on what they want to do later. Not only for fun, but tourism travel can be influenced by other factors such as business, studies, or sports. The following types of tourism are divided into three, namely:

1. Excursions

A type of tourism that has the aim of seeking pleasure such as enjoying trips by climbing mountains, walking backwards, conducting recreational activities on the beach or lake as well as visiting cultural tours to historical places.

2. Widyawisata

Tourism with reasons to deepen knowledge by visiting museums, planetariums, conducting field research and others.

3. Field trips

Tourism related to work assignments, such as attending tourist attractions while conducting meetings or seminars.

1.5 Tourist Attractions

In the sustainability of a tourism, the role of companies and the government needs to continue to maintain the attractiveness of a tourism. This is important because a tourist destination must have an attraction so that tourists want to come to visit (Muljadi,

2009). The attractiveness of tourism that continues to be good can provide benefits such as providing income for the surrounding community, companies and the government.

Darsoprajitno (2002) divides four categories of tourist attractions, namely natural tourist attractions, community tourist attractions, fostered tourist attractions, special interest tourist attractions. The determining factors that can shape tourism attractiveness according to Suwantoro (2004) include:

1. There are resources that can make you feel happy, beautiful, comfortable.

2. High accessibility for visiting.

3. There are specifications that are rare.

4. There are supporting facilities and infrastructure to serve tourists.

5. Natural attractions have the attraction of natural beauty.

6. Cultural tourism objects have special value attractions such as attractions, traditional ceremonies, etc.

7. Financial feasibility B. Exercise

1. Explain the meaning of tourism.

2. Explain the difference between local and regional tourism 3. Explain and give an example of religious tourism.

4. Explain culinary tourism

5. Give your opinion on the advantages and disadvantages of international tourism

(29)

6. Explain based on your experience, what types of tourism have you done?

C. Summary

Tourism travel has several characteristics that shape it, namely travel is only done temporarily, travel is carried out from place to place, travel is always associated with recreation or fun and people who travel on tourism do not make a living in the places visited, but only as consumers. The types of tourism consist of cultural tourism, marine tourism, sports tourism, nature reserve tourism, culinary tourism, religious tourism, local tourism, regional tourism, national tourism and international tourism. The following types of tourism are divided into three namely field trips, field trips and field trips.

D. Formative Test

Choose one of the most correct answers from the available answers, by giving a cross (X)!

1. What is not a characteristic of tourism is:

a. Done by one person b. Done by group

c. Coming to a place in a short time d. Activities that make money

2. The following types of tourism are divided into three, namely, Except…

a. Excursion b. Satyawisata c. Tours d. Study tours

3. The following are types of tourism consisting of:

a. Religious Tourism b. Culinary Tourism c. Maritime Tourism d. Tourism Valuables

4. Some countries that are visa-free for Indonesian citizens to carry out tourism activities are….

a. Vietnamese b. Hong Kong c. Qatar d. Palestine

5. According to Ismayanti, some of the characteristics inherent in tourism activities are as follows, except…

a. To be responsible

(30)

6. Explain based on your experience, what types of tourism have you done?

C. Summary

Tourism travel has several characteristics that shape it, namely travel is only done temporarily, travel is carried out from place to place, travel is always associated with recreation or fun and people who travel on tourism do not make a living in the places visited, but only as consumers. The types of tourism consist of cultural tourism, marine tourism, sports tourism, nature reserve tourism, culinary tourism, religious tourism, local tourism, regional tourism, national tourism and international tourism. The following types of tourism are divided into three namely field trips, field trips and field trips.

D. Formative Test

Choose one of the most correct answers from the available answers, by giving a cross (X)!

1. What is not a characteristic of tourism is:

a. Done by one person b. Done by group

c. Coming to a place in a short time d. Activities that make money

2. The following types of tourism are divided into three, namely, Except…

a. Excursion b. Satyawisata c. Tours d. Study tours

3. The following are types of tourism consisting of:

a. Religious Tourism b. Culinary Tourism c. Maritime Tourism d. Tourism Valuables

4. Some countries that are visa-free for Indonesian citizens to carry out tourism activities are….

a. Vietnamese b. Hong Kong c. Qatar d. Palestine

5. According to Ismayanti, some of the characteristics inherent in tourism activities are as follows, except…

a. To be responsible

(31)

b. Seasonal

c. The combination of intangible and tangiable properties d. B and C Correct

E. Feedback

After answering the questions above, it's now time to check your answers by matching them with the Formative Test 1 answer key at the end of this module. After matching your answers it's time to count the correct answers. Then, use the formula below to find out your level of understanding of the material for Learning Activity 1.

Meaning of mastery level:

90 – 100% : very good 80 – 89 % : good 70 – 79 % : enough

< 70% : less F. Follow-up

If your correct answer reaches 80% or more then you can continue with Learning Activity 2. If it is still below 80%, you must repeat this Learning Activity material. Students should look for library resources to deepen the material independently so as to increase their understanding of this topic.

G. Formative Test Answer Key

Number 1 answer D, Activities that make money Number 2 answer B, Satyawisata

Number 3 answer D, Tourism Valuables Number 4 answer D, Palestine

Number 5 answer A, Responsible

References

Cooper et al. (1998). Tourism Principles and Practice. Longman.

Darsoprajitno, S. (2002). Ekologi Pariwisata. Penerbit Andi.

Ismayanti. (2010). Pengantar Pariwisata. Grasindo.

Luturlean, B. S., Sukmadi, & Kalsum, U. (2019). Strategi Bisnis Pariwisata. Humaniora.

Muljadi, A. J. (2009). Kepariwisataan dan Perjalanan. PT Raja Grafindo.

Revida, E., Gaspersz, S., & Uktolseja, L. J. (2020). Pengantar Pariwisata. Yayasan Kita Menulis.

Suwantoro, G. (2004). Dasar Dasar Pariwisata.

Yoeti, O. A. (1996). Pengantar Ilmu Pariwisata. Angkasa.

List

- The World Tourism Organization is one of the United Nations agencies that handles the tourism sector. The World Tourism Organization's headquarters are in Madrid, Spain.

(32)

b. Seasonal

c. The combination of intangible and tangiable properties d. B and C Correct

E. Feedback

After answering the questions above, it's now time to check your answers by matching them with the Formative Test 1 answer key at the end of this module. After matching your answers it's time to count the correct answers. Then, use the formula below to find out your level of understanding of the material for Learning Activity 1.

Meaning of mastery level:

90 – 100% : very good 80 – 89 % : good 70 – 79 % : enough

< 70% : less F. Follow-up

If your correct answer reaches 80% or more then you can continue with Learning Activity 2. If it is still below 80%, you must repeat this Learning Activity material. Students should look for library resources to deepen the material independently so as to increase their understanding of this topic.

G. Formative Test Answer Key

Number 1 answer D, Activities that make money Number 2 answer B, Satyawisata

Number 3 answer D, Tourism Valuables Number 4 answer D, Palestine

Number 5 answer A, Responsible

References

Cooper et al. (1998). Tourism Principles and Practice. Longman.

Darsoprajitno, S. (2002). Ekologi Pariwisata. Penerbit Andi.

Ismayanti. (2010). Pengantar Pariwisata. Grasindo.

Luturlean, B. S., Sukmadi, & Kalsum, U. (2019). Strategi Bisnis Pariwisata. Humaniora.

Muljadi, A. J. (2009). Kepariwisataan dan Perjalanan. PT Raja Grafindo.

Revida, E., Gaspersz, S., & Uktolseja, L. J. (2020). Pengantar Pariwisata. Yayasan Kita Menulis.

Suwantoro, G. (2004). Dasar Dasar Pariwisata.

Yoeti, O. A. (1996). Pengantar Ilmu Pariwisata. Angkasa.

List

- The World Tourism Organization is one of the United Nations agencies that handles the tourism sector. The World Tourism Organization's headquarters are in Madrid, Spain.

(33)

- Visa is a document permit to enter a country. A visa is a certificate of being allowed to enter a country. Visas are usually managed at the representative office of the country you want to visit.

- Umrah is one of the worship activities for Muslims.

CHAPTER 2

TOURISM MANAGEMENT 2.1 Introduction

A. Brief Description

This sub-chapter discusses the notion of tourism management and the constraints that often occur in tourism.

Tourism management discusses how to plan, organize, implement and evaluate tourism activities. Business actors must have clear tourism management about planning what will be done and organizing activities to be carried out according to time, resources and other things that are important to pay attention to.

The next stage is implementing tourism activities according to what has been planned. The implementation part is very important after going through a very long process and after being implemented, it is followed by an evaluation of the entire series that has been done.

B. Relevance

Students need to understand tourism management as one of the most important things, especially for business people.

Students who will work after completing their studies must have good management skills. Some students after graduating from college may work in the tourism sector so it is important to improve their skills in tourism management. Tourism has a broad scope so it is possible for students to become tourism actors and even become owners of tourist destinations.

(34)

- Visa is a document permit to enter a country. A visa is a certificate of being allowed to enter a country. Visas are usually managed at the representative office of the country you want to visit.

- Umrah is one of the worship activities for Muslims.

CHAPTER 2

TOURISM MANAGEMENT 2.1 Introduction

A. Brief Description

This sub-chapter discusses the notion of tourism management and the constraints that often occur in tourism.

Tourism management discusses how to plan, organize, implement and evaluate tourism activities. Business actors must have clear tourism management about planning what will be done and organizing activities to be carried out according to time, resources and other things that are important to pay attention to.

The next stage is implementing tourism activities according to what has been planned. The implementation part is very important after going through a very long process and after being implemented, it is followed by an evaluation of the entire series that has been done.

B. Relevance

Students need to understand tourism management as one of the most important things, especially for business people.

Students who will work after completing their studies must have good management skills. Some students after graduating from college may work in the tourism sector so it is important to improve their skills in tourism management. Tourism has a broad scope so it is possible for students to become tourism actors and even become owners of tourist destinations.

(35)

C. Competence

The results of this material are expected that students who take courses in tourism management and are able to plan, organize, implement and evaluate tourism activities. Activities can be short and medium term either types of natural, cultural or tourist attractions in their respective areas. Students are able to provide ideas and innovations that can increase the value of tourism in their respective regions by implementing tourism management.

1. Able to explain the meaning of management. tourism 2. Able to explain tourism management

3. Able to describe the importance of tourism management 4. Able to describe the implementation of tourism

management in tourist attractions in their respective areas.

Students read and provide definitions according to their understanding after reading several expert opinions on tourism management. Students are able to develop creative ideas for the development of tourist destinations in their respective areas.

Students must be able to plan, organize, implement and evaluate tourism management.

2. 2. Tourism Management Karimun Jawa A. Definition of Management

Talking about management means discussing management functions, including:

- Planning - Organizing - Actuating - Controlling

Many experts provide a definition of management, for example G.R Terry defines management as a process starting from planning, organizing, implementing and the last stage, namely monitoring the existing process and continuing at the initial stage, namely planning and applying it repeatedly. Oey Liang Lee provides a definition of management as an art and science, according to Oey Liang Lee management can be studied and said to be an art because everyone has different abilities in the implementation of management.

Mary Parker defines management as an art. Mary Parker explains that management is said to be the art of getting things done through other people. For example, a superior who gives task directions to his subordinates. According to Henry Fayol, management is a process of planning, organizing and controlling to achieve organizational goals.

(36)