YOUTUBE VIDEOS USED BY NATIVE ENGLISH- SPEAKING TEACHERS IN AN INTERNATIONAL
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION, CHOICE, CHALLENGES, AND
MITIGATION
THESIS
by
KADEK LELYANA RASTARI NIM 2129081065
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA
2023
YOUTUBE VIDEOS USED BY NATIVE ENGLISH- SPEAKING TEACHERS IN AN INTERNATIONAL
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION, CHOICE, CHALLENGES, AND
MITIGATION
THESIS
Submitted to
Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha To Fulfill the Partial Requirement
For Obtaining a Master Degree in English Education, Postgraduate Program
by
KADEK LELYANA RASTARI NIM 2129081065
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA
2023
Supervisor Approval Form
This thesis by Kadek Lelyana Rastari has been examined and approved to take part in the Thesis Eligibility Examination/Thesis Examination *).
Denpasar, December 19th 2023
Supervisor I,
Prof. Dr. I Nyoman Adi Jaya Putra, M.A.
NIP. 196203191987031001
Supervisor II,
Prof. Dr. Ni Komang Arie Suwastini, S.Pd., M.Hum.
NIP. 198004042003122001
Examiner Approval Form
This thesis by Kadek Lelyana Rastari has been successfully defended in front of the Board of Examiners and accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Master’s Degree in English Education, Post-Graduate Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha.
Approved on: December, 19th 2023
by
The Board of Examiner
.………., Chairman (Prof. Dra. Luh Putu Artini, M.A., Ph.D.) NIP. 196407141988102001
.………., Member (Prof. Dr. Ni Made Ratminingsih, M.A.) NIP. 196609081991022002
.………., Member (Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Putu Sri Adnyani, S.Pd, M.Hum.) NIP. 197803112003122001
.………., Member (Prof. Dr. I Nyoman Adi Jaya Putra, M.A.) NIP. 196203191987031001
.………., Member (Prof. Dr. Ni Komang Arie Suwastini, S.Pd., M.Hum.) NIP. 198004042003122001
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, the researcher would like to express her highest gratitude to the Almighty God, for His blessing; so that, this thesis entitled “YouTube Videos Used by Native English-Speaking Teachers in an International Elementary School:
An Analysis of Implementation, Choice, Challenges, and Mitigation” could be accomplished as planned.
The completion of this thesis will only be possible with the support of others. Thus, allow the researcher to express her deepest gratitude and appreciation to all those who have supported and contributed to the completion of this thesis.
The researcher presents her sincere appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. I Nyoman Adi Jaya Putra, M.A. as the first supervisor who patiently guided, directed, and provided meaningful motivation, so that the author was able to overcome various obstacles in the course of study and completion of this thesis;
2. Prof. Dr. Ni Komang Arie Suwastini, S.Pd., M.Hum. as the second supervisor who, with her unique communication style and pattern, has sparked the researcher’s enthusiasm, motivation, guidance, support, and encouragement during the research and writing of this thesis report manuscript, so that this thesis can be realized well as expected;
3. Prof. Dra. Luh Putu Artini, M.A., Ph.D., Prof. Dr. Ni Made Ratminingsih, M.A., and Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Putu Sri Adnyani, S.Pd, M.Hum. as the examiners who have provided many useful inputs for improving this thesis;
4. All the postgraduate English Language Education lecturers who had given the researcher endless guidance and support during the preparation of this thesis;
5. My beloved family, parents, brothers, sisters, and relatives with their prayers, unconditional love, patience, advice, and support always light the researcher during the hard times of accomplishing this thesis;
Finally, in all modesty, the researcher realizes that this thesis is far from the perfectness which means improvement and correction are highly needed. Hence, the researcher would like to warmly welcome any constructive comments and suggestions for the betterment of this thesis. However, its presence in the constellation of the academic community will add to the treasury of internal knowledge.
Denpasar, December 19th 2023
Kadek Lelyana Rastari
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
COVER... i
TITLE... ii
SUPERVISOR APPROVAL FORM... iii
EXAMINER APPROVAL FORM... iv
STATEMENT LETTER... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... vi
ABSTRACT... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT... ix
LIST OF TABLES... xi
LIST OF FIGURES... xii
LIST OF APPENDICES... xiii
CHAPTER I... 14
INTRODUCTION... 14
1.1 Background of the Study... 14
1.2 Problem Identification... 23
1.3 The Scope of the Study... 24
1.4 Research Questions... 24
1.5 Purposes of the Study... 25
1.6 Significances of the Study... 26
1.7 Definition of Key Terms... 30
CHAPTER II... 38
THEORETICAL BASES AND WORKING HYPOTHESES... 38
2.1 Theoretical Review... 38
2.1.1 The Nature of Native English-speaking Teachers... 38
2.1.2 The Characteristics of International School... 42
2.1.3 The Characteristics of Primary School Students... 47
2.1.4 Role of ICT in ELT... 50
2.1.5 Role of Audiovisual Media in ELT... 53
2.1.6 YouTube Videos as Audiovisual Media in ELT... 57
2.1.7 Benefits and Challenges of YouTube Videos in ELT... 60
2.1.8 Criteria for Effective Educational YouTube Videos…... 65
2.2 Relevant Empirical Evidence... 70
2.3 Research Framework………... 79
CHAPTER III... 81
RESEARCH METHODS... 81
3.1 Research Design ………... 81
3.2 Research Setting………... 81
3.3 Subject of the Study... 82
3.4 Object of the Study... 84
3.5 Data Collection Methods... 85
3.6 Research Instruments... 86
3.7 Method of Data Analysis... 89
3.8 Data Trustworthiness... 92
3.9 Research Schedule... 93
CHAPTER IV... 94
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION... 94
4.1 Findings ………... 94
4.1.1 YouTube Videos Implemented by NESTs………..….….. 95
4.1.2 Criteria Used by NESTs for selecting YouTube videos... 128
4.1.3Challenges Faced by NESTs in Using YouTube Videos.... 167
4.1.4 Mitigation Taken by NESTs in Using YouTube Videos…… 205
4.2 Discussion ………... 251
4.3 Research Implication…... 397
CHAPTER V... 403
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND SUGGESTIONS... 403
5.1 Summary….…..…... 403
5.2 Conclusion .……... 406
5.3 Suggestions..……... 414
REFERENCES………... 420
APPENDICES………... 438
LIST OF TABLES
Page Table 1. Research Participant Demographic... 83 Table 2. Triangulation Used to Verify the Data…... 92 Table 3. Research Schedule……….………... 93
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 2.3. Research Framework……….………... 80
Figure 4.1.1. YouTube Videos Implemented by NESTs in Class... 95
Figure 4.1.1.1 YouTube Videos Implemented by NESTs in 1st Phase... 97
Figure 4.1.1.2 YouTube Videos Implemented by NESTs in 2nd Phase.... 110
Figure 4.1.1.3 YouTube Videos Implemented by NESTs in 3rd Phase... 123
Figure 4.1.2. Criteria Used by NESTs in Selecting YouTube Videos... 129
Figure 4.1.2.1. Criteria by Cognitive Load Element... 131
Figure 4.1.2.2. Criteria by Student Engagement Element... 146
Figure 4.1.2.3. Criteria by Active Learning Element... 157
Figure 4.1.3. Challenges Faced by NESTs in Using YouTube Videos... 167
Figure 4.1.3.1. Challenges Faced during Pre-class…………... 170
Figure 4.1.3.2. Challenges Faced during In-class... 185
Figure 4.1.3.3. Challenges Faced during Post-class... 199
Figure 4.1.4. Mitigation Taken by NESTs in Using YouTube Videos... 206
Figure 4.1.4.1. Mitigation Taken by NESTs during Pre-class... 208
Figure 4.1.4.2. Mitigation Taken by NESTs during In-class... 221
Figure 4.1.4.3. Mitigation Taken by NESTs during Post-class... 244
LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
Appendix 1. Instrument Blueprint………..………... 439
Appendix 2. Instrument Validation………... 454
Appendix 3. Questionnaire..…….…………... 466
Appendix 4. Observation Checklist……….……... 467
Appendix 5. Interview Guide..…….………... 475
Appendix 6. Questionnaire Tabulation……... 478
Appendix 7. Observation Tabulation………... 482
Appendix 8. Teachers’ Interview Transcript... 498
Appendix 9. YouTube Videos Link...….…………... 552
Appendix 10. Permission Letter of Conducting Observation... 555
Appendix 11. Permission Letter of Conducting Research... 556
Appendix 12. Letter of Participation and Consent... 557
Appendix 13. Questionnaire Consent Form... 558
Appendix 14. Biography………... 559
