View of ANALYZING THE SIGNIFIER AND SIGNIFIED OF HYPERBOLE IN KATY PERRY’S SONGS

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ANALYZING THE SIGNIFIER AND SIGNIFIED OF HYPERBOLE IN KATY PERRY’S SONGS

Cristofol Alobyaman Yabarmase ¹, Indonesia chrisy[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to analyze the signifier and signified of hyperbole in three songs by Katy Perry's, they are Firework, Rise, and Roar. This study applied a qualitative descriptive method with a semiotic approach by De Saussure that is used to understand the sign (signifier) of a sentence and understand the meaning (signified) in the hyperbole. The data collection techniques used were library study, highlighting the hyperbole, and determining the signifier and signified parts of the hyperbole in song lyrics. It was found out that there are four hyperboles in Firework. This song conveys messages about the virtue of remaining confident, loving ourselves, and having a positive impact upon everyone else. In Rise, there were four data of hyperbole. It conveys a message encouraging us to maintain our confidence and belief in our genuine identity. Lastly, Roar consisted of three hyperbole data. It sends out a message of encouragement to us to remain brave and capable of defining our identity towards those who constantly underestimate others.

Keywords: signifier, signified, hyperbole, song lyrics, Katy Perry

INTRODUCTION

Literary work is the result of a person’s or human’s work which is represented through a person’s feelings of expression regarding various things about life of people going through ideas from thought, opinions, and event from other people’s arguments and beliefs that are poured out of various kinds of language. Panjalu (2017: 39) explained that literary works are also considered as an intermediary medium in expressing feelings directly through oral and written forms with deep meaning. In addition, literary works can also describe various good and beautiful events, if a literary work has aspects of goodness and beauty, the aspects of goodness and beauty are contained in literary works and cannot be separated from the values hidden in human life.

Literary work is not just stated like that, but begins in the life of a person or creator because literary values are contained in a statement that has been made by the author or creator of the work.

Kadwa and Alshenqeeti (2020: 18) added that literary works also have value that can be interpreted through several media, namely in the form of novels, poetry and short stories because they can influence a person’s behavior and give positive impact. Based on this statement, the researchers consider that when someone creates a work it is not only limited to some of this media namely in the form of reading text as stated, but a process of creating other literary works can also be expressed through songs. Because the song is said as a medium for expressing feelings and messages from a literary creator who is free in presenting an action in which the song writer communicates to the listener. For example, when the songwriter writes the lyrics of the song he is

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more first see the situation of himself or other people and the natural area so that the songwriter gets various inspirations that are seen and felt properly in order to convey the intention and purpose not only as an interprete but the creator the song has included various communications as well as the message that is implied in the song itself.

According to Van Thao and Herman (2020: 23) affirm and take this conclusion also state that the song is a communication medium that allows someone to express one’s feelings, ideas and emotions or through the lyrics of the song be heard so that there is a beautiful pleasure in literary works. From that statement above it is stated that understanding the language of communication is important. Communication also plays an important role in our daily life because it is whole social beings, we also need other people in order to interact with fellow humans. This means this concept sign if you that if there is feedback from two or more people, it is said that the interaction they have done is a communication.

Song lyrics can tell a person’s expression about something that has been seen or felt and experienced before. As stated by Mantra and Widiastuty (2018: 70) songs can express someone’s experience usually, songwriters play a role in words and language to attract the attraction and characteristics of the song or lyrics of the song. Song lyrics also form the language obtained from communication between the composer or songwriter and the song-loving community. Fowler (2019: 99) added that song lyrics can be included in the poetry genre in a literary work. This can be indicated by the similarity of the elements that exist between a poem and song lyrics. In a poetry work, there is a larger measure of density and concentration when compared to a work of prose.

This led the researcher to conclude that song lyrics and poetry have similarities to rhymes, but in the song lyrics, there is a special feature.

According to Arditami (2017: 32) that in some song lyrics in general figurative language can be found that can make listeners or connoisseurs of the song ask about the meaning of the song, because sometimes listeners are confused about the meaning of the sentences written in the song lyrics. So that, the listeners sometimes wonder what is actually mean by the style of language written through the song’s lyrics. Lyrics are not only words in sentences, but also expressions obtained from the creator's emotions which are used to describe a person’s abilities such as jealousy, falling in love, sadness and can even evaporate the emotions implied in the contents of the song. Songs generally have figurative language that is contained in several lyrics so that usually the feelings conveyed in the song give its own language meaning. This illustrates that figurative language is generally created by the creator or the author himself so that the language used in his work has separate parts so as to confuse the reader and research and seek know about the truth language of the figurative language itself.

Figurative language is a language that uses words that are arranged and have their own meaning which is deliberately included in written works to make them look beautiful. According to Hutabarat et.al., (2020: 82) conclude that figurative language has a wealth of use in the language of a person when set or write the types used in order to obtain certain parts as a whole. The types of language literary groups of writers use special techniques to express and express thoughts and feelings in the written type in the form of speeches, novels, dramas, poems, songs and several works orally too. The form of figurative language based on the difference or similarity of a figurative word is words that are beautiful not in the true meaning of the word. The figurative word is used as a substitute in giving beauty and emphasis in the importance of the circumstances to be conveyed from the author.

This study focuses on the hyperbole in the song lyrics by Katy Perry. Davis (2016: 170) states that hyperbole is figurative language that uses words that are not in accordance with the

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actual situation and are even more likely to be exaggerated when compared to some other types of figurative language. Therefore, hyperbole is one of the most unique and intriguing figurative languages. In addition, this hyperbole figure of speech is an implication or meaning of a sentence that describes certain things rather than what is said to state something that is very true or which can be meant according to Davis (2016: 168) that in hyperbole there are two lenses, the main lense marker is hidden and can be replaced by the second which has a meaning far beyond the first or hidden sign. Hyperbole is figurative language that describes and can tell an event in a way that exaggerates it. or we can say a very dramatic figure of speech to express facts or events to make them sound more beautiful, interesting.

Hyperbole is also a figurative language that is often used in a written work that has an aesthetic value such as poetry, rhymes, short stories, novels, song lyrics, and others. According to Davis (2016: 169) that the use of hyperbole is usually also used in a person’s daily conversation or dialogue without realizing it. It could be said that this is something that is only natural if it is still limited to normal. However, if the use of hyperbole is too excessive, we may be considered as someone who is lazy if those who hear it cannot understand such deep figurative language. Hyperbole itself is part of the figure of speech of opposition, which is part of the figure of speech that states something that can contradict the actual situation or actually happened. It aims to strengthen the impression of the true meaning of the expression. Thus, hyperbole gives the impression of the fact that is being stated more deeply.

Tsav (2017: 33) explained that semiotics refers to the study of signs. This is related to the tagging system used when receiving, sending, interpreting and responding to messages more effectively in human communication so it can be concluded that semiotics is a science that studies how a message is formulated, responded to understood and accepted between one another through sign media. Comfort and Park (2018: 51) explained that science is systematic learn regarding signs and symbols and the process of symbolism it is termed semiotics. The researcher will use Ferdinand De Saussure’s theory to find the figurative language meaning of hyperbole. Ferdinand De Saussure’s theory of semiotics divides between the signifiers and the signifieds or in other language is called acoustic representation is a material aspect such as the sound that is captured.

Droz (2014: 12) stated that the most important thing in the discussion of Saussure’s theory is the principle that language is a sign system and each sign is composed of two inseparable elements, namely the signifier and the signified. According to Saussure, language is a sign system.

Furthermore, the sign-in Saussure’s approach is a concrete manifestation of the sound image and is always identified with the sound image as a marker. Therefore, Droz (2014: 14) reiterates that the signifier and the signified are mentalistic elements.

In addition, the relationship between the signifier and the signified is free (the arbitrator) either by chance or by a predetermined one. According to Saussure, the arbitrator in the signifier does not have a natural relationship with the signifier. As for the principle of arbitration, which is reaffirmed by Saussure that language or signs cannot be applied absolutely or completely because there are signs that are truly arbitrary, but there are also those that are relative or not absolute.

Therefore, language arbitrariness is graded in nature. There is also a naturally motivated non- arbiter.

According to Adudu and Husain (2019: 41) relating that and what is marked is a conceptual aspect the two of them have an arbitrary relationship, so in simple terms it can be understood the concepts possessed by Saussure explained the sign as an integral unit between two fields, the signifier and the signified. Saussure’s emphasis lies in the relationship between these two components.

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Furthermore, in this study, the researchers apply Ferdinand De Saussure’s theory to find the figurative language meaning of hyperbole. Ferdinand De Saussure’s theory of semiotics divides between the signifier and the signified or in other language is called acoustic representation is a material aspect such as the sound that is captured.

Based on the explanation above, in this study the researcher selects some songs by Katy Perry such as Firework, Rise, and Roar as the object of this research. Also, in this study the hyperbole was chosen to be analyzed because usually many expressions conveyed by the author seem exaggerated. Therefore, the hyperbole language style needs to be analyzed so that the author’s intent can be analyzed properly. Therefore, the researchers are interested in exploring the intent of Katy Perry using hyperbole in song lyrics and researchers are far more serious by using a semiotic approach, namely Saussure, where researchers want to see about the signifier and signified of the form and meaning of hyperbole.

METHODOLOGY

In this study the researcher will use a qualitatively descriptive method to collect data. The primary data sources in this study are selected songs by Katy Perry there are Firework, Rise, and Roar. In conducting data analysis, the researcher will apply the technique intended by Bihani and Patil (2014: 24) in accordance with the theory, the data analysis technique is a process or effort to process the data into equally important information. This effort is also needed so that the characteristics of data can be easier to understand and use so that it can be used as a solution to a problem. The following procedures of analyzing the data are: 1) Identifying hyperbole figurative language in the lyrics of the selected songs by Katy Perry. 2) Reducing unnecessary data. In this step, the researchers used coding of each data of figurative language in the selected songs by Katy Perry. Then, it will be separated the main data for this research. 3) Analyzing the meaning of the signifier and signified of hyperbole in the three songs. 4) Draw conclusions from the analyzed data.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

In this part, the findings and discussion of this study will be described such as the following sentences about he signifier and signified of hyperbole in the selected songs by Katy Perry.

1. Firework by Katy Perry

Table 1. Data of Hyperbole in Firework

No Hyperbole Line

1 One blow from cavin’in 4

2 Do you ever feel already buried deep? Six feet under screams, but no one seems to hear a thing

5-6

3 As you shoot across the sky 16, 36, 48

4 Even brighter than the moon, moon, moon 37, 53

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Based on the table 1 above, it was found out that there are four data of hyperbole, by determining the signifier and the signified. The first data is in line 4, the second data is in line 5- 6, and for the third data is in line 16, 36, and 48. And, for the last data is in line 37, and 53.

Furthermore, according to the theory put forward by Ferdinand De Saussure that signifier and signified are concepts in semiotics that study signs and their use or interpretation (arbitrarily) therefore we can see their descriptions as follows:

1. One blow from cavin’in

Signifier: “Blow” according to the Oxford Dictionary (2008: 42) a small blow of wind produced or expelled from the mouth. However, the word blow meant in another meaning of the song’s lyrics is a sign of a gust of wind that is easily felt by all living beings. The word also shows another meaning in this sentence that a small, easy shock makes a person feel afraid and unable to try to be strong. The meaning of the hyperbole sentence shows that our personality figure has been disturbed or dropped by the slightest thing, sometimes we usually do not want to try, and even make us mentally tired. In this case, we must not give up easily because even if we are dropped then we are constantly considered weak by everyone.

Signified: Based on the characteristics found in this sentence which provides dramatic elements of the sentence, the use of figurative language that affects the listener and the use of figurative language that exaggerates. Next the listener can see the meaning of a hyperbole sentence which states that if one hit can make the house of cards collapse, of course it doesn’t make sense at all because the arrangement of the house of cards has a fairly strong thickness except with a loud blow and can be repeated, of course it can make the house of cards collapse. Therefore, if interpreted scientifically, the notion of hyperbole is to give an exaggerated impression that other people who want to bring us down with just one bluff certainly do not. Unless this is done repeatedly so that it makes us experience boredom or mental exhaustion, of course sometimes it makes us quickly give up and down. Therefore, the meaning of the sentence provides an element of affirmation so that when the listener are hit by problems that even repeat themselves, of course listener must be strong and tough in dealing with them so that they are not easily humiliated or put down by people.

2. Do you ever feel already buried deep? Six feet under screams, but no one seems to hear a thing Signifier: “Buried deep” According to the Oxford Dictionary (2008: 35) the word “buried”

means that something has been destroyed and is gone. As for the word “deep” it means a very part.

So that the word is interpreted by the researcher, then the sentence signifies an end of life where when he has died and is buried in a deep hole if he screams in pain then no one will hear or even see it even if it is never repeated.

Signified: The meaning contained in the phrase emphasizes sentence stress that is so dramatic that it makes the reader or listener analyze how a reflection is conveyed by the songwriter, where he’s himself imagines how his life when on the verge of death. It is an exaggeration of a very unfounded meaning. where when a person imagines darkness, he feels or distress he experiences does not everyone be able to help him? of course it does not make sense at all because in the world not everyone is happy when they see others in distress or in need of help, and vice versa. Therefore, the meaning that can be inferred scientifically if taken from an event or background on the author of the song, then the phrase contains a meaning where a person who has tried to deal with a problem but he is not able to get through it even he feels isolated at all so not anyone who can see it. Because sometimes we feel like dying and leaving a problem we face.

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3. As you shoot across the sky

Signifier: “Shoot” according to the Oxford Dictionary (2008: 407) is a shot that is usually carried out by sheriffs in America or even people who intend to commit a crime against someone.

Furthermore, a gunshot can usually startle and amaze others when they hear a gunshot or explosion. While “across the sky” wheezing illustrates or shows others that we remain ourselves even beyond all the circumstances or shortcomings that we have. Because every human being has been given shortcomings and talents that already exist, we just have to find out where the uniqueness that we can show everyone.

Signified: Based on the notion of hyperbole it can be seen from this line that if a shot or explosion cannot shoot across the sky. Because it can have a dangerous impact on the inhabitants of the earth. Therefore, this sentence is a type of figure of speech that contains hyperbole because it gives a very high emphasis and uses dramatic sentences when heard, and also looks contrast, namely exaggerating something that exists but does not actually happen. Because a shot aimed upwards may not necessarily be able to cross the existing layers of the ceiling. However, from this sentence, if it is interpreted scientifically, then the sentence “shoot across the sky” which is meant in another sense there is a courage to show our true identity or believe in ourselves with all the abilities we have and don't be afraid to do something without having to think about what other people say. As Katy Perry wrote in the previous sentence “Make ‘em go. oh, oh, oh”. It can be seen clearly that listener should always show how big, and valuable we are.

4. Even brighter than the moon, moon, moon

Signifier: “Brighter than the moon” according to Oxford Dictionary (2008: 285) such as the round object that moves around the earth and shines at night. However, other meanings can be interpreted from the sentence signaling, in the form of encouragement to dare to show our identity with what we have now. Do not be afraid and do not hesitate to give something that maybe listener’s think we can, but sometimes we feel doubtful and make decisions that we will make.

because basically, we think too much about other people’s comments on our efforts that make us feel down.

Signified: This sentence contains an element of hyperbole because it emphasizes an object where in the previous sentence the songwriter said the light of the fireworks continues to shine so that it is brighter than the moonlight. Of course, this sentence is very dramatic and greatly exaggerates an unreal expectation. Because the light of the fireworks that shines can not beat the moonlight where the moonlight can illuminate the whole world. While the light of the fireworks itself only illuminates in an instant and is only in one location. If the sentence from the hyperbole is interpreted scientifically, then the sentence gives the impression to stay enthusiastic and have greater self-confidence. And then, it can be seen from the lyrics of the previous song which says that “You’re going 'em fall down, own, own, and Boom, boom, boom”. It means giving the impression that we show our abilities, as well as what we have to the people around us so that they are surprised and amazed. There is no reason for us to move forward and not think about the words of others who just want to bring us down in everything.

The conclusion that researcher can discuss about the meaning is that the songwriter uses the words in the lyrics of the song to give greater enthusiasm by describing the figure of nature that has a beautiful meaning. So that everyone does not easily give up in the face of problems that occur in his life.

a. Rise by Katty Pery

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Table 2. Data of Hyperbole in Rise

1 I’m beyond the archetype 4

2 Victory is in my veins 10, 28 3 When, when the fire’s at my feet again 15, 33 4 When you think the final nail is in 20, 38

Based on the table 2 above, it found out that there were four data of hyperbole, by determining the signifier and the signified. For the first data is in the line 4, the second data is in the line 10 and 28, the third data is in line 15 and 33. The last data is in line 20 and 38.

1. I’m beyond the archetype

Signifier: “Archetype” according to Oxford Dictionary (2008: 20) the literally meaning something related or related to the behavior of a person’s life. Therefore, the word “archetype”

which is meant from the meaning in the lyrics of the song that is a sign that says something is done beyond the basic pattern as only done by a person’s behavior which is only limited.

Signified: This sentence is part of the hyperbole element because it emphasizes a sentence that is dramatic and also provides an exaggerating sentence element. Furthermore, the word has a meaning that contains a person’s toughness who will exceed his limitations. It becomes part of a hyperbole sentence because it exaggerates an activity or pattern of behavior from a person’s ability to exceed something. If the sentence is interpreted scientifically, the author says about a contradiction or resistance that he will prove to people who think he is helpless and does not have progress or change in his life that he can show with authenticity. However, on the other hand, the songwriter wants to convey that anything can be extraordinary if you always try hard.

2. Victory is in my veins

Signifier: “Veins” according to Oxford Dictionary (2008: 491) any of the tubes that carry blood from all parts of the body to the heart. This sentence signifies self-confidence that is inherent in all of us so that we do not hesitate and do not feel afraid to encourage ourselves. Show the ability we have for people who belittle our life circumstances so that they can acknowledge and appreciate our life circumstances.

Signified: This sentence is part of the hyperbole element because it emphasizes a sentence that is dramatic and also provides an exaggerating sentence element. Therefore, if the literal meaning of the word veins is seen from the hyperbole which gives an exaggerated expectation that effort and strength do not exist in our veins at all. However, if interpreted scientifically, the meaning of a line of hyperbole word is a power that previously existed and had flowed within us so that we of course only had to show it with an effort by remaining confident, brave, not afraid, and having no doubts about our abilities. A business that has been created.

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3. When, when the fire’s at my feet again

Signifier: “The fire’s at my feet again” according to Oxford Dictionary (2008: 164) The literal meaning of the word “Fire” is something that is fiery. However, the meaning of the word element that is intended from a sentence. And then, the meaning of the sentence indicates that a spirit that has underlies or is attached to the most carry-on foundation so that no one can pass it and even beat it.

Signified: In this sentence, it has a meaning that places great emphasis on an object and the nature of exaggerating so that the context in the sentence looks dramatic so that it makes the listener or reader feel amazed. Furthermore, if the meaning can be interpreted scientifically, then the songwriter conveys a state or action that is even more than an imagined or possible basis.

Where what has been stated in the previous lyrics about “I’ll fight it, I’ll fight it, I will transform”, it can be concluded that the songwriter expects the listeners that everything that is planned or even wants to be done must have confidence and enthusiasm. always burning like fire so that it makes other people who see it feel afraid and worried to bring down our spirits.

4. When you think the final nail is in

Signifier: “Final nail” according to Oxford Dictionary (2008: 165) that the word “final”

means an ending or closing in a match. However, when viewed from the meaning of the phrase, it is not just an ordinary sentence. However, there is a meaning that emphasizes so that the phrase indicates that his enthusiasm and efforts are never exhausted or cannot be counted.

Signified: This sentence is part of the hyperbole element because it emphasizes a sentence that is dramatic and also provides an exaggerating sentence element. Furthermore, the phrase has a meaning that illustrates the effort and spirit of someone who cannot be defeated at all or cannot even be chased with great speed. The phrase contained in the sentence becomes part of a hyperbole sentence because it exaggerates a fact or situation that seems to happen but is not justified. Because every human being no matter how much effort and enthusiasm will definitely feel tired or tired. If the sentence is interpreted scientifically, the author illustrates that although in life listeners often feel discouraged and even tired when thinking and acting, we should always be sure that with the spirit that has been instilled from the beginning, there should never be a word ending before hope and hope your dream paid off.

The conclusion that the researcher can discuss the meaning of the hyperbole line is that the songwriter wants everyone to know the advantages behind the existing shortcomings. So that we all do not have to hesitate and worry about developing or progressing with everything we have done.

b. Roar by Katty Pery

Table 3. Data of Hyperbole in Roar

1 A fighter dancing through the fire 14-15, 33-34, 47-48 2 And you’re gonna hear me roar 16, 18, 21, 35, 37, 41, 45, 47, 51

3 Louder, louder than a lion 17, 36, 50

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Based on the table 3 above, it found out that the first data is in lines 14-15, 33-34, and 47- 48. For the second data is in the lines 9-10 and 28-29. For the third data is in line 16, 18, 21, 35, 37, 41, 45, 47, and 51. For the final data is in line 17, 36, and 50.

1. A fighter dancing through the fire

Signifier: “Dancing through the fire” according to the Oxford Dictionary (2008: 121) The word “dancing” means a dance that is usually performed or performed. As for the word "Fire"

means signifying a light that can cause fires and so on.

Signified: This sentence is part of the element of hyperbole because it emphasizes a sentence that is very dramatic and also provides an element of exaggeration. If so, literally, for example, can listeners dance through or through fire? Of course, it does not make sense because it can harm ourselves. However, if the intended meaning of the phrase is scientific, the meaning of a line of hyperbole phrases is being able to survive and win through a contrast that has a down impact on him.

2. And you’re gonna hear me roar

Signifier: “Roar” basically this sentence signifies a scream that makes people very afraid of the sound. In other respects, according to the Big Indonesian Dictionary or KBBI (2016: 120) the amusing done by a tiger is like someone who is afraid of a threat and so on. Because usually when we are threatened by someone it will make us afraid. So that the meaning of the word roar itself like everyone to have the right to develop or be free by themselves. And no one has the right to threaten the life and circumstances that happen to us.

Signified: This sentence is part of the hyperbole element because it emphasizes a sentence that is dramatic and also provides an exaggerating sentence element. Therefore, if the meaning of the word roar is literally a roar or a roaring sound. Furthermore, if viewed from the scientific meaning of hyperbole, that is, the meaning of the hyperbole sentence is an anger or resentment that he could have kept it for that long and only can.

3. Louder, louder than a lion

Signifier: “Louder than a lion” according to the Oxford Dictionary (2008: 261) this phrasa describe in this states that a scream is large enough and can distract other people’s attention.

Therefore, the sentence signifies a bigger and louder scream. Because as we all know, a lion can fight dozens of other animals or even hundreds of enemies. Because the lion is dubbed the king of the jungle. Therefore, the sentence contains a very large meaning of neglect, likening a human figure or someone who must have courage, be strong, be able to overcome everything.

Signified: The meaning of the sentence is part of the hyperbole element because it emphasizes a sentence that is dramatic and also provides an exaggerating sentence element. For the silence of man’s own voice cannot beat the roar of a lion as loud as that. Therefore, if this phrase is interpreted scientifically, then the songwriter expresses the situation he is experiencing, thus giving a statement that he can dare to make a decision on his own and even he can prove it one day. In addition, it has a very strong stance.

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Therefore, the conclusion that the researcher can discuss regarding the use of these words in the lyrics of this song is by likening the figure of a social environment that sometimes someone wants to bring us down, but we don’t just stay silent or follow their behavior. Therefore, we must be firm and brave to speak up and give our own opinion or views on our own lives.

CONCLUSION

Based on the data that has been described above, it can be concluded that the results of signifier and signified of hyperboles in the three selected songs by Katy Perry are as follows:

1. Firework

There are four data of hyperboles in Firework, and the signifiers are in a word and/or phrase.

a. One blow from cavin’in in line 4 Signifier: Blow

Signifed: Gives the impression of a strength or spirit that is easily dropped or belittled.

b. Do you ever feel already buried deep? Six feet under screams, but no one seems to hear a thing in line 5-6

Signifier: Buried deep

Signified: It illustrates that we must try with all the strength or ability we have to be able to get through various challenges.

c. As you shoot across the sky in line 16, 36, 48 Signifier: Shoot across the sky

Signified: It means the figure of a person who must have high self-confidence than anything.

d. Even brighter than the moon, moon, moon in line 37, 53 Signifier: Brighter than the moon

Signified: It expects us to be more confident than anything because the only thing that can change us is ourselves, not others.

2. Rise

There are four data of hyperboles in Rise, and the signifiers are in a word and/or phrase.

a. I’m beyond the archetype in line 4 Signifier: Archetype

Signified: It is about a contradiction or resistance that he will prove to people who think he is helpless and does not have progress or change in his life that he can show with authenticity.

b. Victory is in my veins in line 10, 28 Signifier: Veins

Signified: It gives an idea of the pulse where every human being must have it. It is the same with this sentence that song writer gives the figure of life that already exists in all of us.

c. When’ when the fire’s at my feet again in line 15, 33 Signifier: The fire’s at my feet again

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Signified: The songwriter conveys a state or action that is even more than an imagined or possible basis.

d. When you think the final nail is in in line 20, 38 Signifier: Final nail

Signified: It illustrates the effort and spirit of someone who cannot be defeated at all or cannot even be chased with great speed. So, we must realize and know that everyone has their own talents or talents.

3. Roar

There are three data of hyperboles in Roar, and the signifiers are in a word and/or phrase.

a. Dancing through the fire in line 14-15, 33-34, 47-48 Signifier: Dancing through the fire

Signified: The phrase gives message that we should enjoy a problem that exists because everyone must have a problem. So our must be strong and brave in the face of it.

b. And you’re going to hear me roar in line 16, 18, 21, 35, 37, 41, 45, 47, 51 Signifier: Roar

Signified: It describes the figure of a tiger’s voice that is strong and firm. With these words, the songwriter wants us to have the courage to speak up and not be afraid of people who want to bring us down.

c. Louder, louder than a lion in line 17, 36, 50 Signifier: Louder than a lion

Signified: The phrase gives us a much stronger voice like a lion’s voice that can subdue all the animals in the forest.

ACKNOLEDGMENTS

The researcher expresses his deepest gratitude to the Lord Jesus Christ, for all his blessings, guidance, inclusion, and generosity in the process of life and development of the researcher, especially during the process of writing a thesis. Therefore, the researcher would like to thank:

1. Natalia Manuhutu, S.Pd., M.Hum as the first supervisor, for all the guidance, support, and always providing motivation so that this thesis can be better.

2. Margaretha Febriany Narahawarin, S.S., M.Hum as the second supervisor who has helped, provided advice, and guided the researcher in completing thesis and at the same time as secretary of the Department of English Literature at Musamus University.

3. Marnina, S.S., M.Hum as the Head of the English Literature Department, as well as the researcher academic supervisor, who has been very helpful and guided researcher during the lecture process at Musamus University.

4. Sri Winarsih, S.Pd., M.Pd as the tutor and guide in providing information on the succes of this article.

5. The researcher’s parents Mr. Fransiskus and Mrs. Rebeka Yabarmase for all their prayers, love, hope, motivation, and support, the researcher was able to complete this thesis in good health.

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