ﻪﭽﺨ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ :
ﺖﻓﺎ 19 / 12 / 90
شﺮ 27 / 1 / 91
رد ﺎﺳ ﻳ ﺖ 15 / 3 /
91
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ
ﻪﺋارا هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺖﺳا .
يژﺮﻧا ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ
لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﺋارا
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد
، ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ن
،ﺮﮕﻳد
Analytical
Abstract- In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional woven E-glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and calculating the energy absorbed duri
ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns deformation energy, the tensile failure energy of pri
assumed that the s
overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible
presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by investigators.
Keywords: Glass
رﺎﺗ ﻳ ﻪﭽﺨ رد ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ ﺬﭘ ﻳ شﺮ ﻪﺋارا رد
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺸﻴﺷ / ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا
، ﺮﺑ
ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ
، ﻪﺋارا
ﺖﺸﭘ
،فﺪﻫ يژﺮﻧا
ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ . رد لﺪﻣ
ﻲﻣ ددﺮﮔ . ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد
هﺪﺷ و ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ
Analytical
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and calculating the energy absorbed duri
ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns deformation energy, the tensile failure energy of pri
assumed that the shear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible
presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by investigators.
Glass Fibres, Pol
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻘﻳﺪﺻ ﻲﺒﺘﺠﻣ 3
سرﺪﻣ ناﺮﻬﺗ ،
ناﺮﻬﺗ ،
ghlia530
ﻪﻳﻻﺪﻨﭼ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد ﻪﺸﻴﺷ
ءﺰﺟ ﺎﺗ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا رد
يژﺮﻧا كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ
ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﺋارا
لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ
Analytical modeling glass/
M. H
1- PhD Student, Mech. Eng., 2- Prof.
3- Assoc
* P.
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and calculating the energy absorbed during each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns deformation energy, the tensile failure energy of pri
hear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible
presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by
ibres, Polymer-Matrix
1 - 19
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا
ﺖﻗﺎﻴﻟ
2
،*
ﻲﻘﻳﺪﺻ ﻲﺒﺘﺠﻣ
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗ سرﺪﻣ
ﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗ سرﺪﻣ ناﺮﻬﺗ ،
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺮﻴﺒﻛﺮﻴﻣا ناﺮﻬﺗ ،
modares.ac.ir
@ ghlia530
ﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺨﺗ ﻪﻳﻻﺪﻨﭼ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد
فﺪﻫ رد ﻲﻃ ﺮﻫ ءﺰﺟ
يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ طوﺮﺨﻣ
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ هدﺎﻣ و
يژﺮﻧا
ﺮﻫ ءﺰﺟ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز زا ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ زا لﺪﻣ
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ
odeling of lass/epoxy
M. H. Pol1, G. H
PhD Student, Mech. Eng., Prof., Mech. Eng., Tarbia Assoc. Prof., Mech. Eng.,
O. B. 14115-141
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns deformation energy, the tensile failure energy of pri
hear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible
presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by
atrix Composites (PMCs),
هرﺎﻤﺷ 2 ﺮﻴﺗ 1391 ص ص 11
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺸﻴﺷ /
ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا
ﻦﻴﺴﺤﻣﻼﻏ ﺖﻗﺎﻴﻟ
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ
، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗ
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
141 - 14115
، modares.ac.ir
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ فﺪﻫ
ترﺎﺒﻋ ا ﺪﻧ زا : يژﺮﻧا
ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ
ﺮﻫ مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ رد ﺮﻫ
ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ
، ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
،ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺪﺣ
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ
of perforation of projectiles into poxy composites
G. H. Liaght
PhD Student, Mech. Eng., Tarbiat Modares Univ.
Mech. Eng., Tarbiat Modares Univ.
Mech. Eng., Amirkabir
141 Tehran, ghlia530@modares.ac.ir
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns deformation energy, the tensile failure energy of primary yarns, the delamination and matrix cracking energy.
hear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible
presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by
omposites (PMCs), Perforation of
هرود 12
ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻪﺸﻴﺷ
ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ
1ﻞﭘ
، ﻦﻴﺴﺤﻣﻼﻏ
ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ي ﺮﺘﻛد ا ي ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ
- دﺎﺘﺳا ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ
3 - رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ
ناﺮﻬﺗ
، ﻲﺘﺴﭘ قوﺪﻨﺻ 141
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ
رد ﻦﻳا ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ترﺎﺒﻋ
فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻴﻟوا يژﺮﻧا ﻪﻳﻻ
بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﻫ
ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ياراد ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا و ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ دﻮﺷ
. رد ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ
،ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ
،ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
perforation of projectiles into omposites
iaght2*, M. Sedighi
Tarbiat Modares Univ., Tehran, Iran Modares Univ., Tehran, Iran Amirkabir Univ., Tehran, Iran
ghlia530@modares.ac.ir
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns
mary yarns, the delamination and matrix cracking energy.
hear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible
presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by
Perforation of Projectile
يرﻮﺌﺗ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ
1 - ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
2 - 3
* ناﺮﻬﺗ
لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ
رﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ و ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هﺪﺷ رد
ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻲﺸﺸﻛ فﺎﻴﻟا
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ
ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ياراد ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا و ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ ﻲﻣ
دﻮﺷ .
،يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺸﻴﺷ
،ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ
perforation of projectiles into omposites
Sedighi3
, Tehran, Iran , Tehran, Iran Univ., Tehran, Iran ghlia530@modares.ac.ir
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns
mary yarns, the delamination and matrix cracking energy.
hear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites
overcoming the frictional force between projectile and composite is negligible. Analytical formulations have been presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by
rojectile, Ballistic Limit.
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ يرﻮﺌﺗ
ﻦﻳا
،ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ
ﻪﺑ ءﺰﺟ يﺎﻫ رﺎﻴﺴﺑ
بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﺮﻈﻧرد
ﺶﺸﻛ يژﺮﻧا و
ﺎﻳ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ
لﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ياراد ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا و ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ ﻲﺑﻮﺧ
هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻲﻣ
فﺎﻴﻟا
،يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺸﻴﺷ
perforation of projectiles into
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns
mary yarns, the delamination and matrix cracking energy.
hear plug formation is not observed for glass reinforced composites and the energy lost in ytical formulations have been presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by
imit.
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ - رد ﻦﻳا
تﺪﻣ نﺎﻣز ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻠﺻا
فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺶﺸﻛ يژﺮﻧا
،هﺪﺷ ﻚﻳ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ
ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ياراد ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا و ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ ﻢﻫ ﻲﻧاﻮﺧ ﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﺑﻮﺧ
ﺪﻴﻠﻛ نﺎﮔژاو فﺎﻴﻟا:
perforation of projectiles into
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns mary yarns, the delamination and matrix cracking energy. It is he energy lost in ytical formulations have been presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been observed, comparing the analytical model presented in this paper to the experimental results presented by others
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ تﺪﻣ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ فﺎﻴﻟا
،هﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ياراد ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا و ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ ﻢﻫ ﺪﻴﻠﻛ
In this paper an analytical model for investigating of the ballistic impact behavior of two dimensional glass/epoxy composites is presented on the basis dividing the impact duration to several time intervals and ng each time interval. The major components of energy lost by projectile during ballistic impact are identified, namely the cone kinetic energy formed on the back face of the target, the secondary yarns It is he energy lost in ytical formulations have been presented for calculating energy absorbed by each mechanism in each time interval. Finally, a good correlation has been others
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
...
ﻞﭘ ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ رﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
نا
12
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ
ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ سرﺪﻣ ةرود 12 ةرﺎﻤﺷ 2 ﺮﻴﺗ 1391
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
داﻮﻣ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﺳد ندروآ صاﻮﺧ ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﻮﻣﺮﺗ و
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو يﺎﻫ
ﺑﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ﻪ يدﺮﻓ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ لﻮﺼﺣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻲﺘﻨﺳ داﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ و ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
، ﺑ ﻪ ﻞﻴﻟد ﺎﺑ ﻚﺒﺳ داﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ جﺎﻴﺘﺣا
هﮋﻳو ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ )
ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ / نزو ( و ﻲﺘﻔﺳ هﮋﻳو ) ﻲﺘﻔﺳ / نزو ( ﻻﺎﺑ
،
هزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻫدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ و يا
ﻦﻴﺷﺎﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ تاﺰﻴﻬﺠﺗ ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ياﺮﺑ و هﺪﻧﺮﭘ يﺎﻫ
و
ﻪﺑﺮﺿ يراﺬﮔرﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد نﺎﺴﻧا يا
، داﻮﻣ ﻦﻳا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هزوﺮﻣا
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا يﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ
.
ﻣ ﻢﻬﻣ يﺎﻫدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ زا ﻲﻜﻳ ﻻﻮﻤﻌ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ
صﺎﺨﺷا ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ
ﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻳﺪﻬﺗ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﻪ
ﺎﻳ و ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا يﺮﻴﮔرﺎﻛ
ﺑ ﻲﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪ
ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا ﻦﻳزر هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻲﻣ
ددﺮﮔ ] 1 .[
ﺮﺘﻬﺑ كرد ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ رد ﺎﻫ
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ رد
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ مﺎﺠﻧا نﻮﻨﻛﺎﺗ يدﺎﻳز ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ،ﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺷ ﺖﺳا هﺪ . د ر تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا
، مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ يﺎﻫ
يژﺮﻧا ،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ،فﺎﻴﻟا ﻲﺸﺸﻛ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ نﻮﭽﻤﻫ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﻳﻻ ،فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ رد هﺪﺷ
ﻪﻳﻻ يا
نﺪﺷ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ هدﺎﻣ كﺮﺗ ،
كﺎﻜﻄﺻا و كﻼﭘ شﺮﺑ ،ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ ندرﻮﺧ
ﻲﻃ رد ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ . لﻮﺘﻧﺎﻛ نﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳا رد و
نﻮﺗرﻮﻣ ] 2 [ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
رد ﻪﻴﻟوا فﺎﻴﻟا ﻲﺸﺸﻛ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ و ﻪﺸﻴﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺖﻴﻤﻫا ياراد ﻦﺑﺮﻛ ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ فﺎﻴﻟا دراد
. ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و وژ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ]
3 [ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و
يز ﻪﻴﺴﻫ و ] 4 [ ياﺮﺑ ار يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺖﻴﻤﻫا داﻮﻣ
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘﻮﻣﺮﺗ فﺎﻴﻟا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ .
ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻪﻳرﻮﻣ ]
5 [ ﺑ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ و ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ رﻮﻃ ﻪ
هﺪﺷ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ يﺮﻤﻴﻠﭘ
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ ار
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ . نآ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ رد ﻢﻬﻣ مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺎﻫ
فاﺪﻫا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ زا هﺪﺷ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
هﺪﺷ
ﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ،ﻪﻴﻟوا فﺎﻴﻟا ﻲﺸﺸﻛ ﺖﺴﻜ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻻا ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ فﺎﻴﻟا
ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ يژﺮﻧا و هﺪﺷ
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧرد ار فﺪﻫ ﺖﺸﭘ رد هﺪﺷ
.
ﻴﻧ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻚ ]
6 [ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ لﺪﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ بﺬﺟ ﻢﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يزﺮﻧا
ﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺮﮕﻳد ن
، ﺪﻧداد ﻪﺋارا .
نآ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ رد ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ نﻮﭽﻤﻫ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﺶﺸﻛ ،نآ ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ يژﺮﻧا و فﺪﻫ ﺖﺸﭘ طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ )
و ﺎﻳ
ﻲﺸﺸﻛ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ (
ﻪﻳﻻ ،ﻪﻴﻟوا فﺎﻴﻟا رد ﻪﻳﻻ
نﺪﺷ يا ﺐﻛﺮﻣ هدﺎﻣ
،
كﺎﻜﻄﺻا و كﻼﭘ شﺮﺑ ،ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ كﺮﺗ
، تﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ و
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ذﻮﻔﻧ نﺎﻣز بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و ﻚﭼﻮﻛ يﺎﻫ
هﺪﺷ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻳا زا ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻦﻳا زا ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ تﺪﻣ لﻮﻃ رد ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻧﺎﻣز يﺎﻫءﺰﺟ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا رد
، ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻧآ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ لﺪﻣ ﻚﻳ
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ ﻪﺸﻴﺷ
/ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺖﺤﺗ يﺪﻌﺑود ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﻪﻧاﻮﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﺋارا ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يا
. ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ
ءﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ ذﻮﻔﻧ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ و يژﺮﻧا شور ﺎﻫ
ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ي
بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
ﺮﻫ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻣ
ددﺮﮔ . ﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ رد ﻪ
هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد
ﻪﺋارا ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
ﺎ ﺮﮕﻳد ن
ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻣ ﻮﺷ د .
2 - ﻪﺋارا
لﺪﻣ
رد ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
،ذﻮﻔﻧ يژﺮﻧا زا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﻪﺑ فﺪﻫ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻲﻣ ددﺮﮔ .
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هﺪﺷ رد بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ رد درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ هﺪﺷ زا ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ
ﻪﺸﻴﺷ / ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا ﺎﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺪﻌﺑود ترﺎﺒﻋ ا ﺪﻧ زا : ﺶﺸﻛ و ﺎﻳ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ
ﻲﺸﺸﻛ فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ رد ﺖﺸﭘ فﺪﻫ ﺎﻳ و ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ
ﻞﻜﺷ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻻا فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ يژﺮﻧا
فﺪﻫ ﺖﺸﭘ رد
، ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ هدﺎﻣ و
كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ
ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ . ذﻮﻔﻧ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ و يژﺮﻧا شور ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ
ءﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ي ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻲﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺮﻫ رد ﺎﻫ
دﻮﺷ .
تﺎﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﺮﻳز ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﺋارا لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ :
1 . ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺐﻠﺻ ﺖﺳا و رد ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ذﻮﻔﻧ نوﺪﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ
ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﺎﻣ .
2 . ا يژﺮﻧ ﻪﺘﻓررﺪﻫ زا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺑ ﻪ ﻞﻴﻟد كﺎﻜﻄﺻا ﻦﻴﺑ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ و فﺪﻫ
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ فﺮﺻ ﺮﻈﻧ ندﺮﻛ ﺖﺳا .
3 . رد فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ هﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﺸﻴﺷ
، ﻪﻛ ياراد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻻﺎﺑ رد خﺮﻧ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﺎﻫ ي ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
، شﺮﺑ و ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ
كﻼﭘ هﺪﻳد ﻧ ﻲﻤ دﻮﺷ ] 6 .[
وژ و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ]
3 [ و ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪﻳرﻮﻣ
و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ]
5 [ نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺪﻧداد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻃ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
يﺎﻫ ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ ﻪﻧاﻮﺘﺳا يا
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻳدﺰﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ هﺪﺷ
، ﻲﻨﻌﻳ
هﺪﻋﺎﻗ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد و هدﻮﺑ ﻪﻴﻟوا رﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ نﺎﻤﻫ
ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ
،دﻮﺷ
ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ هدﺎﻣ
يﺎﺘﺳار رﺎﺗ و دﻮﭘ
ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا
ﺖﺳا ] 7 .[
رد هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا ﺪﻟﻮﻣ
ﻲﻄﺧ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ رد
ﻪﻳﻻ ﻲﻨﻴﻳﺎﭘ
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ .
1
2 :ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
1
2
ذﻮﻔﻧ ياﺮﺑ مزﻻ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
:
1
2 ذﻮﻔﻧ ( ار ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ
رﺎﻴﺴﺑ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﻳ و ءﺰﺟ يدوﺪﺤﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ :
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ :
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ رد
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
،
ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ .
و ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ
ﻚﻳ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ .
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻳدﺰﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد و هدﻮﺑ ﻪﻴﻟوا رﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ نﺎﻤﻫ
ﺖﺳا ﺮﻔﺻ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ )
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 .(
ﻪﻜﻨﻳا ﻪﻳﻻ يا
ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ و ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ
يا نﺪﺷ رد يﺎﺘﺳار
ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻞﻴﻟد
، ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ
ﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ گﺮﺒﻠﮔ ﻞﻜﺷ
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا رد هﺪﺷ
، رد هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا ﺪﻟﻮﻣ
ﻲﻄﺧ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ
ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ و رد
لﻮﻃ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ
ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
يژﺮﻧا ذﻮﻔﻧ ياﺮﺑ مزﻻ
سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ،ذﻮﻔﻧ )
ذﻮﻔﻧ
رﺎﻴﺴﺑ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﻳ و ءﺰﺟ يدوﺪﺤﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا
فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑi
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ يژﺮﻧا
ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﺖﺑﺎﺛ و ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
ﺖﺳا . رد ﻦﻴﻟوا
ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ضﺮﻓ
ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ .
يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻟوا و
ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ .
ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ . ﻚﻳ
فﺎ ﻪﻴﻟوا نآ ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻳدﺰﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد و هدﻮﺑ ﻪﻴﻟوا رﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ نﺎﻤﻫ
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ﺖﺳا ﺮﻔﺻ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑB
،ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ زا
كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ
و ﺪﺷر ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا
ﺮﮕﻳد ﺖﺳا . ﺑ ﻪ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ
هﺮﻳاد يا
،ندﻮﺑ ﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ
ﻪﺋارا ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ لﺪﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا رد هﺪﺷ
ﻲﻄﺧ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
رد ﻪﻳﻻ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ
ﺐﻴﺷ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ رد لﻮﻃ
ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ :
ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ
، يژﺮﻧا
ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ،ذﻮﻔﻧ
رﺎﻴﺴﺑ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﻳ و ءﺰﺟ يدوﺪﺤﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ دﺮﻛ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ
. ﻞﻛ بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا
يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ
ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ رد لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ
رد ﺮﻫ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺖﺳا
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﻴﻟوا
ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ ﻞﻤﻋ
هﺪﺷ ﺑ ﻪ ﻪﻄﺳاو يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ
اﺰﺠﻣ و ﺮﻴﻏ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو
ﻪﻳﻻ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ ﻞﻤﻋ
دﻮﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻟا ﻴ فﺎ
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻳدﺰﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ
، A هﺪﻋﺎﻗ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد و هدﻮﺑ ﻪﻴﻟوا رﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ نﺎﻤﻫ
طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ
رد ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﻲﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ زا كﺮﺗ
ﺐﻛﺮﻣ ﺖﺳا . عوﺮﺷ
ﺶﻴﺑ زا يﺎﻫﺎﺘﺳار ﺮﮕﻳد
نﺪﺷ
، ﻪﺑ يﺎﺟ هﺮﻳاد
رد ﻪﺋارا ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ لﺪﻣ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ
ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ دﻮﺷ . ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ هدﻮﺑ و ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺷ
- لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ
يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
، رد ﺪﺣ
رد ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
رﺎﻴﺴﺑ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﻳ و ءﺰﺟ يدوﺪﺤﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ
∆t دﺮﻛ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎ
تﺎﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﺮﻳز
ياﺮﺑ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ رد
يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
فﺎﻴﻟا رد ﺮﻫ ﻪﻳﻻ
يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ
يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ اﺰﺠﻣ
ﺮﻫ ﻚﻳ زا ﻪﻳﻻ
ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ
يﺪﻌﺑود ﻦﻳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ رد يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ
ذﻮﻔﻧ
يوﺮﻴﻧ فﺎﻴﻟا ياراد
نورد ﺪﻨﻛ .
ﺎﺑ رﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا سﺎﻤﺗ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻲﺸﺸﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻨﻳا ﻞﻴﻟد
( رد
ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﺖﺸﭘ رد
ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
يژﺮﻧا زا يراﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﺎﻫ .
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻳدﺰﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ طوﺮﺨﻣ
رد ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ ﺶﻴﺑ نﺪﺷ رد ﻲﻄﺧ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ
ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ
3 - يژﺮﻧا
) 1 ( ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
) 2 ( ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
) 3 ( رد رﺎﻴﺴﺑ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﻳ و ءﺰﺟ يدوﺪﺤﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﻛ ﺎﻳ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ يژﺮﻧا ﺶﻫﺎ
) 4 ( تﺎﻴﺿﺮﻓ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ 1 . ﺖﻋﺮﺳ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﺖﻋﺮﺳ
2 . فﺎﻴﻟا
3 . يژﺮﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ
4 . ﺮﻫ ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ
ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا ﺎﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺪﻌﺑود
ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﺪﻟﻮﻣ ﻦﻳا
ﻲﻨﺤﻨﻣ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا
رﻮﻃ ﻪﻛ رد يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ
فﺪﻫ رد ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يوﺮﻴﻧ
ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﻣ فﺎﻴﻟا
ﺖﺳا . ﻦﻳا فﺎﻴﻟا ياراد
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ نورد
ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻻﺎﺑ زوﺎﺠﺗ ﺪﻨﻛ
ﺎﺑ رﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا سﺎﻤﺗ ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﻃ ﺎﺑ (،
ﻲﺸﺸﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
ﺮﮕﻳد ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد
، ﺑ ﻪ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻨﻳا ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﻄﻗ زا ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ (
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ياراد ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ .
ﺶﻧﺮﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺎﻳ و ]
6 [ ﺮﻈﻧرد
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ عﺎﻌﺷ هﺪﺷ
ﺖﺸﭘ رد
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﺿﺮﻋ جﻮﻣ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ
ددﺮﮔ .
ﻲﻃ رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ،ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
يژﺮﻧا زا يراﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ
نآ نورد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﺎﻫ
فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﺸﻴﺷ / ﻲﺴﻛﻮﭘا
طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻣ
و ﺎﻳ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻨﺤﻨﻣ
ﻚﻴﺗﺎﻤﺷ زا
طوﺮﺨﻣ
ﻲﻄﺧ
، نﺎﻤﻫ رﻮﻃ
نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫد .
ﺖﺸﭘ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ فﺪﻫ
ﺎﻘﻴﻗد رد ﺮﻳز ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
دﺎﺠﻳا ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ . ﺖﺴﻜﺷ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ رد فﺪﻫ ﺖﺳا
ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
فﺎﻴﻟا رد خﺮﻧ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
ﻪﻳﻻ ﺮﻫ رد
، ﺑ ﻪ ﺎﺑ رﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا سﺎﻤﺗ ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﻃ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻳد ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد
لﻮﻃ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﻄﻗ زا ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ياراد ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ] 5 [ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺎﻳ و
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ عﺎﻌﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﺿﺮﻋ جﻮﻣ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻃ رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ،ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ يژﺮﻧا زا يراﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ
بﺬﺟ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻃ رد ار ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻨﻛ . يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ
نآ نورد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ
زا هﺪﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا
ﻪﺤﻔﺻ فﺪﻫ ﻚﻳ طوﺮﺨﻣ
ﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻂﺧ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ
1 ﻚﻳ حﺮﻃ ﻚﻴﺗﺎﻤﺷ
ﺎﺑ ضﺮﻓ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ ﻲﻄﺧ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ
،دﻮﺷ نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ هﺪﺷ رد ﺖﺸﭘ
ﻲﻓﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻛ ﺎﻘﻴﻗد
ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ار دﺎﺠﻳا
ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
و هدﻮﺑ ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ
ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻦﻳا فﺎﻴﻟا
رﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ رد ﻲﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﻴﻟوا
ﻪﻳﻻ ﺮﻫ رد
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺳ ﻂﺳو )
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﻃ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻳد ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺳ ﺮﮕﻳد طﺎﻘﻧ )
لﻮﻃ ﺎﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ياراد ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
ﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺖﻣ
فﺪﻫ ﺰﻴﻧ
و ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﻋﺎﻗ عﺎﻌﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﺿﺮﻋ جﻮﻣ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻃ رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ،ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ
ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻫد
، يژﺮﻧا زا يراﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ
بﺬﺟ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻃ رد ار ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ نآ نورد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ رد فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ
رد ﺖﺸﭘ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ
طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ
ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﻞﻜﺷ
ﺖﺸﭘ فﺪﻫ ار ﺎﺑ
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
ﻞﻜﺷ طوﺮﺨﻣ1 ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ
فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻴﻟوا
موﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺰﻨﻣ ذﻮﻔﻧ
و هدﻮﺑ ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ نآ ﺎﻫ زا ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ
رﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ رد ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺳ ﻂﺳو
ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ﺖﺳا
، ﺮﮕﻳد ﻪﻴﻟوا يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺳ ﺮﮕﻳد طﺎﻘﻧ سﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ياراد ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
ﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ
فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﺿﺮﻋ جﻮﻣ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ
يﺎﻨﺜﺘﺳا ﻪﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ذﻮﻔﻧ بﺬﺟ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻃ رد ار ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ نآ نورد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ رد رد طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺸﭘ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ
ﻞﻜﺷ
موﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻴﻟوا و هدﻮﺑ ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ نآ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺳ ﻂﺳو ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺳ ﺮﮕﻳد طﺎﻘﻧ سﺎﻤﺗ ﺎﺨﺿ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ذﻮﻔﻧ بﺬﺟ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻃ رد ار ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ نآ نورد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
...
ﻞﭘ ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ رﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
نا
14
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ
ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ سرﺪﻣ ةرود 12 ةرﺎﻤﺷ 2 ﺮﻴﺗ 1391
5 . ﺪﻌﺑ زا ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻚﻳ
،ﻪﻳﻻ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ
ﻲﺸﺸﻛ فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ و كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ
ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ عﺎﻌﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﻪﻳﻻ
ﻪﻳﻻ يا كﺮﺗ و نﺪﺷ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ
ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ نآ ﻪﻳﻻ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ضﺮﻓ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ .
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ رد ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑi ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ :
2 (5)
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻃ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ و ﻪﻧوراو ﻪﻤﻴﺧ سار )ﻧ
كﻮ
فﺪﻫ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺖﺸﭘ رد هﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﻳا طوﺮﺨﻣ (
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ هدﻮﺑ و رد
يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﻦﻴﻣاi ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ :
∆
) 6 ( نآ رد ﻪﻛ :
∆ . ∆! (7)
رد ﻦﻴﻟوا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
، ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا و يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳا . ﺪﻌﺑ
زا نآ
، ﻦﻳا يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺑ يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
و يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ
طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا رد
ﺖﺸﭘ فﺪﻫ و يژﺮﻧا يﺎﻫ بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﺎﺑ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
و ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ زا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
رد ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ يﺎﻫ
،ﻲﻧﺎﻣز يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ و ﺖﻋﺮﺳ نآ رد ياﺪﺘﺑا
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﻣ
دﻮﺷ . ﻦﻳا ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﺎﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻛ
ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻴﻟوا رد ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﻳﻻ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ و ﺎﻳ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ
ﻲﻗﺎﺑ هﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ رد يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ i
ﺮﻔﺻ
،ددﺮﮔ
راﺮﻜﺗ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ .
4 - لﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺖﻳزﻮﭙﻣﺎﻛ ياﺮﺑ يﺪﻨﺑ هﺪﺷ
1 - 4 - يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺶﺸﻛ رد فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻴﻟوا
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ جﻮﻣ
ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻻا و
جﻮﻣ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﺑ
ﻪ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ
ﺪﻧﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ] 8 :[
"# 1
$ %&'
&()* (8)
"+ 1
$ %&'
&()**,
) 9 ( ﻲﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ
ﻪﻛ ﻪﻬﺒﺟ جﻮﻣ ﻲﺸﻧﺮﻛ زا ﻚﻳ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ رﺎﺗ رﻮﺒﻋ ﻲﻣ
،ﺪﻨﻛ
هدﺎﻣ رﺎﺗ جرﺎﺧ زا ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻞﺤﻣ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ ) ﻞﻜﺷ
2 ( و رﺎﺗ رد ﺖﺸﭘ جﻮﻣ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ
ﻚﻳ ﻪﻤﻴﺧ راو و ﻪﻧ
) طوﺮﺨﻣ ( ﺎﺑ ﻲﺳار رد ﻪﻄﻘﻧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ هداد ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ . هﺪﻋﺎﻗ
ﻦﻳا ﻪﻤﻴﺧ ﻳ ﺎ طوﺮﺨﻣ ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﻤﺳ نوﺮﻴﺑ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺑ
ﻲﺘﻋﺮﺳ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ جﻮﻣ ﻲﺿﺮﻋ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ . ﻦﻳا ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ ] 8 :[
"- .1 (+/'+
$ 0 1
$ %&'
&()
*,
&( (10) ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ رد ﻲﻃ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓi
جﻮﻣ و ﻲﺿﺮﻋ جﻮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘ :
1-&
2 "-∆!
) 11 (
1+ &
2 "+∆!
) 12 (
ﻞﻜﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ2 ﻚﻳ رﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻞﺒﻗ و ﺪﻌﺑ زا درﻮﺧﺮﺑ
رد ﺮﻫ ﻪﻳﻻ
، ﺶﻨﺗ رد ﻪﻄﻘﻧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ﺖﺳا و رد لﻮﻃ
رﺎﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ . راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ رد لﻮﻃ رﺎﺗ ار ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻚﻳ
ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ دز ] 6 :[
(+2 (34 5⁄ (13)
ﻪﻛ رد نآ ﻚﻳ b ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﺮﺗ زا 1 و ضﺮﻋa رﺎﺗ ﺖﺳا . رد
ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺶﻧﺮﻛi
رد ﻪﻄﻘﻧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ ] 6 :[
(7
) 14 ( 89
:; <=1-;> .1+ 1-/ 1+ 3,?@5 1
AB C
ﺑ ﻪ ﻞﻴﻟد هدﺮﺸﻓ نﺪﺷ ﻪﻳﻻ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ رد نﺎﻣز ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ طوﺮﺨﻣ
،ﻲﺘﺸﭘ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ رد ﻪﻳﻻ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﺶﻴﺑ زا ﻪﻳﻻ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻨﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺖﺳا .
رد ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا
، ضﺮﻓ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳا ﺶﻧﺮﻛ رد ﻪﻳﻻ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ
ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ و رد ﻪﻳﻻ ﻲﻨﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺖﺳا و ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺷ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ رد لﻮﻃ
ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ .
يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺶﺸﻛ يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ :
D 0 E0*F?G H'(&(
⁄
I &J
,?
) 15 (
ﺑ ﻪ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﻜﻨﻳا لﻮﻃ رﺎﺗ ود ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﺴﻣ ﻲﻃ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ جﻮﻣ
ﻲﻟﻮﻃ هدﻮﺑ و فﺎﻴﻟا ياراد ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺪﻌﺑود
،ﺖﺳا ترﺎﺒﻋ ﻻﺎﺑ
ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺎﺑ رد ﺐﻳﺮﺿ رﺎﻬﭼ بﺮﺿ ددﺮﮔ .
2 - 4 - يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ
يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﺎﺑ
نﺎﺸﺘﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ار ﻞﻤﺤﺗ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ . فﺎﻴﻟا روﺎﺠﻣ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻲﺸﻧﺮﻛ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ رد
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ روﺎﺠﻣ دﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ يور رﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ
، رد ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﻪﻛ
يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ رود زا ﻪﻄﻘﻧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻛ ﺮ ﺶﻧ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . رد
ﻲﺗرﻮﺻ ﻪﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ زا ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ A ﻲﻄﺧ B ضﺮﻓ
،دﻮﺷ
ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ يزﺮﻣ ﺮﻳز ار ياﺮﺑ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ زا ﻞﺤﻣ
درﻮﺧﺮﺑ رد ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻢﻴﻫاﻮﺧi ﺖﺷاد :
) 16 (
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ) (A K! 1 & 2⁄ (L2 (+2
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ) (B K! 1 1-
(L2 0
رد ﻦﻳا ترﻮﺻ
، ﺶﻧﺮﻛ رد ﺮﺳﺎﺗﺮﺳ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا
و نورد فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ : (L2 21- 1
21- & (+2 (17)
نﺎﻤﻫ رﻮﻃ ﻪﻛ رد ﻞﻜﺷ 3 هﺪﻳد ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ
، ﺎﺑ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻚﻳ
نﺎﻤﻟا ﻪﻘﻠﺣ يا ﺎﺑ عﺎﻌﺷ ﻲﻠﺧاد و ﻲﻧوﺮﻴﺑ و r
ﻢﺠﺣ r+dr dV
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ :
& ℎ O%2P1 81 sinU &
21)O &1 (18) ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ رد ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ار
ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ زا ﻪﻄﺑار ﺮﻳز ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﺳد دروآ :
) 19 (
ﻞﻜﺷ نﺎﻤﻟا3 يﻮﻘﻠﺣ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هﺪﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ
هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ
3 - 4 - يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ و
كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ
رد ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
،ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ زا ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻚﻳ
،ﻪﻳﻻ ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا
نﺪﺷ و كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ
رد نآ ﻪﻳﻻ و رد فاﺮﻃا ﻪﻄﻘﻧ
درﻮﺧﺮﺑ و رد ﻲﻳﺎﺟ ﻪﻛ ﺶﻧﺮﻛ زا ﺶﻧﺮﻛ عوﺮﺷ ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ هدﺎﻣ زوﺎﺠﺗ
،ﺪﻨﻛ خر ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ داد . ﺶﻧﺮﻛ عوﺮﺷ ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﺖﺤﺗ يراﺬﮔرﺎﺑ ﻲﺸﺸﻛ
40 ﺪﺻرد ﺶﻧﺮﻛ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ
ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ] 6 .[
ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ و كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ
،ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ ﻲﺸﺨﺑ
زا
يژﺮﻧا ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ار بﺬﺟ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ . يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻦﻳا
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ زا يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺮﮕﻳد بﺬﺟ يژﺮﻧا ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ فﺎﻴﻟا
،ﻪﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺶﺸﻛ
يﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻟوا و يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ طوﺮﺨﻣ
هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا ﺖﺳا
، ﺑ ﻪ
يرﻮﻃ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻳرﻮﻣ و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ]
5 [ زا نآ ﺎﻫ فﺮﺻ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻛ ﻨ ﺪﻨ .
ﺪﺷر ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ رد ﺪﻣ مود ﺖﺴﻜﺷ خر ﻲﻣ ﻫد ﺪ . تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
] 9،7 [ ﺮﺑ يور عوﺮﺷ و شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻳﻻ
ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ فاﺪﻫا رد
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ داﻮﻣ زا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﺑ
هﺪﺷ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ﻪﻛ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ
ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ رد ﺪﺘﻣا ا د رﺎﺗ و دﻮﭘ ﺐﻛﺮﻣ هدﺎﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
زا
تﺎﻬﺟ ﺮﮕﻳد ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . رد ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ ﺶﻴﺑ زا ﻪﻜﻨﻳا ﻪﺑ
ﻞﻜﺷ هﺮﻳاد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺑ ﻪ ترﻮﺻ ﻲﮔﺮﺒﻠﮔ ﺖﺳا . رد ﻲﺗرﻮﺻ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ
ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ c1
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ هﺮﻳاد ﺮﻇﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﺎﺑ نآ
ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
،دﻮﺷ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ
ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﻳﻻ يا نﺪﺷ و كﺮﺗ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ
رد ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز i
ﺪﻧﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ :
ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ داﻮﻣ رد ﺖﺨﺗﺮﺳ يﺎﻫ
...
ﻞﭘ ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ رﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
نا
16
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ
ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ سرﺪﻣ ةرود 12 ةرﺎﻤﺷ 2 ﺮﻴﺗ 1391
"P 1;VWW (20) "P 1;ℎXX (21)
ﺲﭘ زا ﺖﺴﻜﺷ
،ﻪﻳﻻ ضﺮﻓ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﻦﻳا ود مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺪﻧﺎﻣ .
4 - 4 - يژﺮﻧا بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﺑ
طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا رد
ﺖﺸﭘ فﺪﻫ
رد ﻲﻃ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
،ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻲﻃوﺮﺨﻣ رد
ﺖﺸﭘ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ
فﺪﻫ خر ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫ ﻪﻛ يراﺪﻘﻣ زا يژﺮﻧا ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ ار بﺬﺟ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ . رد
يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻪﺋارا يﺎﻫ ﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ
ﺮﮕﻳد ن ] 7
، 9 [ ﻲﻣ ضﺮﻓ دﻮﺷ
ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻜﻳ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ياراد هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا طوﺮﺨﻣ ﻦﻳا طﺎﻘﻧ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ . ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ضﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ
طوﺮﺨﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺪﻟﻮﻣ ﻦﺘﺷاد
فﺪﻫ ﺖﺸﭘ رد هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا )
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 ( ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ياراد طﺎﻘﻧ ﻦﻳا
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻲﻄﺧ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ .
ﻦﻳا ضﺮﻓ اﺮﺷ ﻂﻳ يزﺮﻣ ﺮﻳز
ار ياﺮﺑ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ زا ﻞﺤﻣ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ
رد ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز دﺎﺠﻳاi ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ : Y K! 1 ≤ &/2
) 22 Y 0 K! 1 1- (
ﺎﺑ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻄﺧ رد ﺖﻋﺮﺳ زا ﻪﻄﻘﻧ A ﺎﺗ
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ردB ﻲﻧﺎﻣز
، i تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا ار
ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ ﺮﻳز ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ دﺮﻛ : Y 21- 1
21- & (23)
ﺎﺑ ﺮﻈﻧرد ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻚﻳ نﺎﻤﻟا هﺮﻳاد يا زا طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا زا
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ A ) B ﻞﻜﺷ 3 (،
ﺎﺑ عﺎﻌﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻠﺧاد و ﻲﺟرﺎﺧ و r
، r+dr مﺮﺟ ﻦﻳا نﺎﻤﻟا و يژﺮﻧا ﻲﺸﺒﻨﺟ طوﺮﺨﻣ هﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳا ار
رد
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻲﻣi ناﻮﺗ زا ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ ﺮﻳز ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﺳد دروآ :
& ℎ2P1$&1 (24)
1 2 \P&
4 $ℎ^
) 25 0 1 (
2 2Pℎ$1
_?
;/ \21- 1 21- &^
&1
و ﺎﻳ : P$ℎ&
8 P$ℎ
21- &
%1
3 1-a1
2 1-&1
3 1-&b 1
16 &a) (26) 5
- ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ لﺪﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ رد ﺎﺠﻨﻳا ﺎﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺑ ﻪ ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ زا
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ ﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﮕﻳد ن
] 6
، 10 [،
ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ رد
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﺣ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﻤﻧﺪﻧور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ،
4 رد
لوﺪﺟ 1 ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ .
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ELi ,
Voi
و ε0 i ) رﺎﺗ ﺮﻫ (
>0 Voi
يدورو تﺎﻋﻼﻃا فﺪﻫ و ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ تﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ
>nb
nl
ﺮﻴﺧ
i=i+1 ﻪﻠﺑ
ﻪﻳﻻ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ
هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﻜﺷ (nb)
ﺮﻴﺧ
ﻪﻠﺑ
ﻲﻳﺰﺟ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻳآﺮﻓ مﺎﻤﺗا
ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻳآﺮﻓ مﺎﻤﺗا
ذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻞﻜﺷ ﻪﺋارا يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﻤﻧﺪﻧور4 هﺪﺷ
لوﺪﺟ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ1 ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ و يرﻮﺌﺗ زا ﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ
ﺮﮕﻳد ن
مﺮﺟ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
ﺮﻄﻗ ﻪﺑﺎﺗﺮﭘ
ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ فﺪﻫ
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﺣ يرﻮﺌﺗ
ﻚﻴﺘﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﺣ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻊﺟﺮﻣ
(gr) (mm) (mm) (m/s) (m/s)
8 /
2 5 2 152/5 150 [6]
33 /
3 4/76 4/5 171 175 [10] 84
/
3 6/35 4/5 202/5 210 [10]
