! " #
$
%& '( )*'
+
, -.
!
.
#$ %& $' $ ( $) *$
+,-./
& +0'12 3 4' 2 %&
5 6789
$: ;
.
<$,&
78=
$>
? / <@A BC + / +D' < 1 / 4' # ED/
F$? C < <$' G $HD +: I& )
/ @ 2 J ( ) K < B / ! ' < @' # 0&
<
.
L M) # %& C 1;&
< +/
:
+$@, +$ O $ P C <$? $ Q ' 1 /
R /
=6
* D Q C <T
+ C :
<@& U ) : 6 (
X + %/ Y C Z
6 / [7
<T )
\ ( C .%&
4 ] / 7R C <T ) 7 (
1 C 4%:
79
+ C #0' B D <T
0? ,/
.
$ ^U& $/ #$/ $ A $ C >D$ +$-! +3D $U # %& 3_ J <@@ BC<H/ #/ 5 D@ `<
< <' D! @' :
6 a + C <2 ^ & / YD' C G b < /
\ a + C <2 ^ & / .%& C * & ;&
7 a C +D?
+
= a ' > .
,/ 0
:
J J+ C J !
" 2
= !
$ C $ c $. $ & J $ & + b / (Lynch, 2000 : 20, .
Miss universe, 2000 : 4)
<@D $$ + $$T $$ Z $$ $$ C (Jeffery 2000: 67).
J
(Shakelford, 2000 : 273-72)
< +/ D: ; L ,_ -/
]
&
8 +$/ X $ $ ^ & / D U& /
<@@
(Krishnan, 2001 :1-14) +$/ $D B $ C $> $ #Z <$? $ 0 -
$Z >D d / % ' +/ eZ C C ;& / J !
$ +$/
.(Maeve,2000 : 473-
$ $D +$,Z C 1$ / 5 ,/ ) ' +/ B 1 +3 ! ! / 498)
&
3 + D +0'12 D
+0'12
&
seifrabiei @ yahoo.com
C ' < L . .%& C + / <? C *
+ D +0'12 C D C f _ /< 2 +
& 3 hatm:zn@ proxy.tums.ac.ir
1. Intimate Partner Violance
(Koss, 2000 : 1332-1343) .
+$/ $ @2 4 ! ! J <,D/ # g A
<@@
.
<,D/ </ 2 C h &
/M$ ) $H/ #/ $' $ +$! $ $ /M !
$ $ > J $ + C Y J -! 2 +3 / ? J+3 / ? i J* O ^. j C
+$ C LgMD! J+ ! <Z J <H/ / ` I/ J*/1/ J+ + & J+ @&
C + $: $ j
$ … (Lemmy, 2001 : 93-103 , Mechanic, 2000: 448-458, Krishan .
2001: 28-38, Cecil, 2001: 116-125, Dineneman, 2000: 499-513, Constantino, 2000:
190-198)
$ $ ./ C *D: Q b / * D + L C b
< +/
.
J k / * C
C <$' $,_ -/ Y ! > ED/
D $
> Y %/ C +0'12 : <@ 2 B 1 2 .
<@D $/ L $,_ -/ +$0
$' *$ Q ' J<' ; >T ' *
\=
$ B 1$ <$T
)
J 0 C + /
–Rl 67R8 ( .
3 45 6
5 C b ? ,_ -/ J ! Q b / &
6789 +D$' < 1 /
m$ hE& #$/ C $ Q ' + `< & +0'12 3 4' 2 %& + /
: ;
. C +/ jD
#$/ X @/ ! FZ , <' *'C 4 C 2 n D
+$/ ,/ C + C C + ' < .& ' ;@/ ho/
<
.
3 45 7
+ %& ' ,_ -/ * +,-./ –
: ; ]
.
$ $ #/ $' +$ $/ ,
/ * $ +: I& ) < & 3 4' 2 %& + / +D' < 1 / 4' <@@ ,
\]
< <' G HD & 3 * + / +D' < 1 / .
,_ -/ XHD@/
J < & 3 4' 2 %& p) @/ * # ED/
! + /
C + <
+D$' < 1$ / $ +D$' < UZ / + $/ –
< +/ , / ! .-@/
.
' $ J<$ +$/ + < < ' + / +
<$ < P $! $,_ -/ <@D' < 0 m/ p) @/ C < D: qM) <' L : .
Y$;?
,/
5
<,&
7]9
< rH / >
.
B1 G D?
69 Y$;? J $/ <$ #$ _ <T
+ 78=
<' * ,& >
.
1. Analytic Cross Sectional
? /<@A BC
< <$' G HD ? / C +) .
4$' J $H $ ? /
* 1 /
\]
C ? / C <' G HD +: I& - 1 / 1$ / $ $ / $
< < G HD <@@ , / * D: / +: I& - .
#/ ' / @ 2 Jp .%& * C e 1
=R
$@ 1 $& C <$@A 4 2
.
<$ B $/ $! ' < @ @' L j C , / ^ & / @ 2
e$: $
<$' # 0& , / # _ C 4 2 +_ D?
. 1$: $ CSPSS
$
/ &
Fisher Exact, x2, t test
<$,& J $H $ ? / $ <' >D # %&
6\
J $ sD/
< +@,/ c U&
.
C ? /
$ @0& J <$@@ BC<H/ #/ 5 D@
<' 5 sD/ +-! +3D U # %& / .
$ A * c U& J <@@ BC<H/ #/ 5 D@ t2
D C sD/ #.D / sD/
) (
P< 5%u-
< M +@,/
.
8 9 . .
,/ j C / C 4 C 2 `< &
$ <$ +$/ $j $ + @ C C +D! @'
<' D' < & +/ ! @ / + D j
.
+$/ Z + D + @ C C + @ C j * +/ ) + D j
<@
. j * @ 2 6l=9
C 6l]9 +$/
$&C * $_Cf $ $
$ sD/ 4$. $ [
<$ C <$ E& I$H' ! @$' + D C +D! @' .
$ m$ hE& $: $ $ <$.D,/ C
<@D $ +_ ,: M/ J4 ! + < < C .
5 $D@ $ ,Z / B J ' < $A J $D: $ : K JR
< + >/ +D! @ C ,bC C J <@@ .&
$ $ 4 $! $ $ < $&C
! 2 .
$' +$/ ( $-/ C< ^ & + @ Q b / * j @
. v $
J<$ _ & + D <@ : p ) + D + @ C D: J ! C 3' ! 2 C< 0>&
' +/ D: : C < _ &
.
C<
D$' m hE& 3 <0 + D C C : #/ J D: < E& C *
< m2 +/ hE& Y C .
< / 4. C
<$@ +/ C < E& J D: + @' 8
.
$
%/ ; C1: / < Z ^ %/ hE& %& J : C j
$ +- $' C + D ^
<$@@ +$/ $> +_ $,: 4. ' +/ < <2 ' / C # .D/ 4@ C ! .
+$0 e$Z C
+_ $w/ $ 3_ < / p ) + D: D * C< j U@ * D /
< ' +/ D: : )
3 C # 6ll\
rT J R a 77[
.(
1. J. Rotter
2. Locus of Control
3. Observational Learning
3$' ! 2 $ +$- %/ C + $ D ,bC m hE& +3 3A + D k&
< E& : .
J< ' + +. & m2 G @D + D: @ ! C 3' ! 2 J k& *
/ D! / C D! @' U@& C B 2 v <@D + D: 0
< ' + .
$ C1: J / *
$ + $ $ U@& C $ B $2 $ J<@@ +/ ;& Y .D / L T ! : + U@& C B 2
$D: XU$ $ +/ Z & / # @ @ ' D: : +@, 4. 3_
' +/ & J< +/ : ' 3' ! 2 .
C $ 3_ D: #/E& C < / : v *
$ $/ $ ,$bC <$' $ $D: J<' Uw/ </ 2 * < 2 +/ </ 2 +/ Z <@@ < / )
*/< : 6ll7 l
x J [R9 .(
+0 f _ 1 : C C y C J C<
L<$' $ $! C 3' ! 2
+/ C 1 O D: k& C b :
a
<$ +$/ Z .D / 3' ! 2 .
$ <$ E& $ C
* $@A $& +/ L < <.D,/ J ;' ! 2 D: #0' ;& C hE&
+0 f _ >@/ 1 O 5 I%/ + D:
: j
. e $/ C 4_ $A + @ J C< j
<@/ ; +/ D 3' ! 2 < ' + / .
$ #$/ $ + / & 3' ! 2 ! A 3_
< D < & +/ J / ! <@/C #/
.
+ $ D j G A A
+ T sD/ J
< / C P HD )
;&
(
$/ Z J ! c U& : + C
: Z < C 4 2
)
' 2
6 (
"%# ' 3 45
$$$ $$$ $$$- +$$$. .%& ( $$$) *$$$ #$$$T ? $$$ $$$D: * $$$D / TM! 4H C & +/
:
96
D + C
+
9\
. %; <4'
<@@ ' * w <? C #Z <? • )
+ /
( X & & ( ) 6[
C ]R
$ $ 5 $
X_ O
\=
5 ) 8 / R
<$@@ ' <T (
* 3 $ / C ]
/ 7R
$ 5 $ .
*$ w <$? C #Z <$?
+ /
\9 C 5 RR 5 79
5 ) ] / 6\
<T (
$ +@$ * 3 $ / C ]
/ 77
5 .
1. Feldman
C >T X & & < : <,& w <? C #Z <? • 6=
< : .
<$ : <$,& * 3 $ / [
/ 6 C
X_ O 6 < : .
$ C J & # Z D0 C Y / C Y JLM I%& u- j •
' C
4 - + 3 LM I%&
79
Y z$ $/ C $ <T
C - D/
[ C <T 69
<@D' + 3 LM I%& J / <T .
' 5C<
6 . u- X ? + / ,/ +U e &
)
<T (
/
7 / 6 ]
/ 9
[ / ]l 9
/ ][
R / 7]
] / 76
6 / [
= / 69
!
699 699
C<$? J $ ! J $ $ w : +/ jD - J5 sD' ,bC • 69
<$T
C #O ' 8
< # I%& 5 ? 1 <T .
5 sD$' ,$bC $ c / L M) ' 5C<
/
< +/ #s' C <@/ J < C e & C +
.
' 5C<
\ .
/ ,/ / C 5 sD' ,bC
,_ -/
)
<T (
5 sD' ,bC /
! [
/ 8l R
/
\8
#O ' )
<@/ C ( [
/ l [
/
\8
#I%/
9 / 8 9
/ [
#s' aaa
9 / 78
0 D aaa
\]
/ 9
X & & + / + / : P C . • [
/ 6 C $ $ <T 6
/ 7
<$T
<' B 1 p .%& / / > C ^.: C C / .
0 #%/ ,bC j • :
\l C<? C +IH' / <T R6
<T C ; D$ 5 @/
< +/ + < 3D 51@/
.
$ $ <$ +$/ $ <$/ < L M) J* CM
C<? + / ,/
[6 C < C ! #.D / ) <T 7l
$! < C ! <T
<@D' 0 Z
.
* D C </ * D • X & & ! </
\99
C 5 1
]
$ J $ / 5 $ /
5 / X_ O
)
= / 6R
<T (
* 3 / C ]99
/ 9R=
/ 6
< M 5
.
+ C +D? . + PM,_ X,T C j • 66
C<$? C <T
[9
. / <T
D'
<@
.
l • /
\8 +>@/ { 2 . C <@D' + / : U P C #UZ J ' C <T .
3 . ! "
" #$
)
&
(
t@
5 ,D L !
#0_ ` I/
<H/ /
7 / ] 7
/ [ 9
/ R
/ l=
R / l7 699
e 699
699 699
/ # Q ' j •
R /
=6
< B 1 . <T
/ * 7
/ 7\
1 C D' C <& / J<T l
_ / * J / <T
P C # C c / .
$ .
+ C b •
8l
$' C <T
. C<$?
76
< $' $ <$T
C / YD' C G b
=R
< <2 X / * & C .%& < ' 1 <T .
+ $ $ 4 + C < +/ | DH/ Q + C : •
- <' ;& ,_ -/ / /
4 0
[9 4 $ C +$ %/ Y$ $ <T 79
@ 4 C .%& 1 <T
<
. 51@/ PC ! *D' < * CM
$ 4 1$: $ m2 X @ / J5 sD' , / J+, U) - C
.
$ $
/ U@& ? @
& / L 0 .
* D 4@ C Jp .%& D: v
»
# %&
« C
» Z « X & &
]9 C
=7
$ X$ & & + Z e / C C / 1 / , / #/ ' 4@ C * D C <T ]
/
\
C l / [ / <T .
' 5C<
= . C : X & & C Q 0>& | DH/ Q +
Q
<T
6 . + %/ Y C Z 6
/ [7
\ . 4 C .%&
] / 7R
7 .
1 C 4%:
79
= .
< + < X C< YD' C G b
= /
\=
] . + ! <
8 / 68
[ . +@ <
] / 6R
R . 51@/ PC ! *D' <
[ / 6]
8 . e-Z
+ @ -
9 / 6l
l . 5 sD' , / 7
/ 66
69 .
< + < X YD' C G b [
/ 69
66 . YD' C G b 9
/ 69
6\
. 51@/ P ! l
/ [
D $ C C #.D $/ $ sD/ * c U& 4 C 2 * n D • )
$ (
+$ t$2
C +$ $ / >D C +.: & 5C<
Fisher exact J t – studentC
6\
$ sD/
u- +@,/ c U&
P < 0.05
< +/
.
J $ + $ PM$,_ X,$T J #s' J( ) <@@ ' + UZ P C
;& J+ $ C $b < J C + C .
$/ YD$' C G $b $
J+ C
< / / * & C .%&
<$2 ^ &
L $ ! 5 ,D$ J $ $> . $ J
' m hE& #/ * D / J ^ & <H/ / C #0_ ` I/ J
.
BC <@@ BC<H/ h 5 D@ <, ? / Logestic Regression )
(
$ + sD/
5</ +@,/ ) U&
$ A $ $ <$@D: $Z # %& / +3D U 69
<@D' +@,/ c U& <@@ BC<H/ 5 D@ t2 sD/
.
<@& U sD/ * :
6 a
! / YD' C G b ;&
<2 ^ & + C + / )
9]
/
~9 (pv
\ a
<2 ^ & + / + C / * & C .%& . )
96 /
~9 (pv
7 a / > . )
9]
/
~9 (pv
= a
+ C +D? .
) 9=
/
~9 (pv
<@@ BC<H/ 5 D@ t2 + sD/ @ ) #T : C X b +$@,/ c U&
<@D' ' 5C<
]
<' :
' 5C<
] .
+@,/ c U& sD/ @ ) #T : C X b
sD/
BX b SE
Df Sig Exp (B) 65%
ci
/ . d 6[6[
/
\ 6]=R / 6 6 9]
/ 9 [8]\
/ 8 7 / 8 a l / 6
+ C +D?
88[[
/ 6
==
/ 6 6 9=
/ 9 7R[
/ [ l / 8 a 6 / 6
< /
$/ YD' C G b
<2 ^ &
\]8=
/ 6 7l\7 / 9 6 9]
/ 9
=8]6 / 7 [ /
= a 7 / 6
$/ * & C .%& ;&
<2 ^ &
=7=R / 6 7988 / 9 6 96 / 9 6l87 /
= [ / R a
\ /
\
1. Enter Logestic Regression
,_ -/ * P C )
=\
<T (
0 / x I! + O
$ ./ # Z
.
* Q ' 0 / <,D/ L ,_ -/
69
&
]9
D $ $DU_ $ B 1 <T
$! J+$ C C +$?C $ j $ $ U@ C +0 1 : ` -,/
C *Kd J+ @ )…
@/ $! 0 / 5 D@ 1 / | ,& p -/
$' $j (
$ Y$Z
<' J ' : b < ! D X& /
.
C YD$' C G $b + C C +?C Jp .%& * <' B 1 / * D
+0 1 : ! .
J $ .%& J+$ %/ Y$ C Z J+ @D + #/ ' + / w -
C 4%: J4
<$ <' B 1 / * D @ 1
. X $ $ YD$' C G $b
< + <
66
< + < X C< C <T
\=
<$' B 1$ J+$ / $ <$T
. 5 $ $ $,_ -/ $ $ ./ $b ? 4 C $2 D:
–Rl 67R8
$ >$T $'
J : ;
$ $! +$ C $ +$ $ $! $ < +/
! +/ Y A D + .
$ Q $' J >$T $' $ c $ / p$ .%&
\=
<$T
& ' D <' B 1 .
< L U X & & / * D :
@& PC ! *D' <
51@/ + )
7R
<$T (
+D? $ $3@ Z J )
6 /
=6
<$T ( C $ .%& C
4 ) 6 / 7[
<T ) .(
J 0 C + /
Rl a 67R8 .(
+ $ C + J < rH / 0 / 3 D: ; L ,_ -/
$! $ C +$ 0_ / C <2 1 < ! i ,/
C J<$ $ + <$ C 5MD
$ + $ U C < D /C ./ + < / C # / C G -b +_ 1
+$/ $! *$ $ < $' +/ + : A & C C D J< D' < +& ;& * @A + C
<' @ / < &
(Hammen, 2000 : 782 – 787) .
C <$2 ^$ & J+ $/ + $ C $/ YD$' C G $b . $ 1 b ? 4 C 2 D:
$ C $ $ < $' + $ C $: $ $- <$2 ^ & / * & C .%& - @ <' < E& < & +/ < ! +@,/ c U&
+& ;& * @A + 0@
<$@ +$/ $ $! D /C ./ G -b < D' + C
.
. $ $-@
*$ J ' +@,/ +) U& >T ' 4 C 2 + / + C
+@,/ </ < - 1 p .%&
.
$ + / > . * CM
' +@,/ c U&
.
5 $D@ t$2 C <@D$' $ +@,/ c U& J# %& H ? / + sD/
<@D / #/ ' < < `m? <@@ BC<H/ #/
:
c U& C + / #s' •
$ $0 C $ $/ * D $
D R]
/ / * D C Q ' <T
7l
< B 1 <T .
$ + T #/
*D$' < C $0 +$' +$ C $: J<' 0 / @ / < & +/
X @/ </
.
MD! . • +$ / C $ ^U& / <,D/ L . .%& 1 / + C 5
C +D I$H' LgMD$! JG -$b J+ $: j + C LgMD!
D $ <@D $ MD$U/ …
>$T $' <$' ; p .%& #/ * c U& <@D J*
< E& Y
<' .
$/ + $ # _ C <@D +b 4 ! + C <' z % + • * $@A $ + $ D 1 < D: Z * & C .%& / C < <' eZ C >D d
< ' +/ eZ C / J<@D' < +& ;&
.
)
[7 + $ <T
' C J< U +b ! + C
.
c U& •
<,D/ L . .%& + / PM,_ X,T +
C & P 3 B 1 L $Uh $ +_ ' @ _C 3 ,_ -/ C66
(Cecil 2001, Dineneman, 2000) <
. u$b C c $U& Jp$ .%& *$ $ $D: <@A
+_C < < sD/ * / /
RR
H$ $ $/ <T
` ) +
6\.
$,D/ L $,_ -/ 1 <H/ / C L ! 5 ,D C #0_ ` I/ - • *$ <$ $h <
Y + * C #/
]R J 3 : <T R7
<$T
C + 0_ : 699
< B 1 J <H/ / D,/ <T
. - ` I/ - * .
# .D/ C U C - : IH' 3 C #0_ J <H/ /
.
` ) +@,
$ +$ C Q $ $ $: $3 $ C D' m hE& D,/ : IH' / * ` I/
*$ #$ .D/ hE& C <@@ +/ < 2 / ` I/d 4 D J D C D IH' j +D IH'
C * @ / #/
.
2 P C . • C <$' ^U& $/ $ $ < & +/ + / 3 / *
$D + $ & J $D t> D J / D +U ) Q @& #w/ <@ +/ & <,D/ # / C P 1/<@& C 3' ! 2 ?C *D' JLM0 / ./
#$/ <$@A $ + I& …
/ q :
+$/ 1 4 ! + @ • D / + < C D' qM) ;&
1. George Town
&*
,_ X,T @, +
#/ ' < B 1 PM :
C J< €C & 5MD! J+ ! : C +U Z
<@D 1s/ Y 2 .
* y C J<
. 0 < 2 +_ D? # -
$D < ' q : / / +@,/
y <,& Y .
c / 4 C 2 * ; D * D / •
P C
C !
+
C & ' !
$ ! : + C ! < / C ;& @,/ c U&
. C G $b $ ;&
$ $! C - <@@ * ,& Y / #/ C J <2 ^ & C .%& C / YD' .
m2 ,/ <@ : (MT X & & *
$! $! 4 $ p$ ) • $
< +/ j + C +.-@/ #? @& J <2 ^ &
.
4@ C #/E& C •% k / * ! • .
$,_ -/ *$
#0' 4@ C * D
»
# %&
«
< $/ / + X Z < B 1
<' .
$ X$ & & $ #0 / e: Z < D C C / 1 / , / #w/ /
] /
\ C <T l / [
*$ X <' B 1 4@ C * D <T
<' D' / + D C +D & J+3@ : # / < & +/ ! .
w
$/ ,/
+ <$ # $/ $ <$@ +$/ u & g T C <@D @' ' ! c / L ./ C * Z C $ y • D $/ + <$ ‚$>? C C <$& $ # _ * J<@0 C D /
<@@ +/ # %&
.
' 2 6
: C v ./ J sD/ : | ,&
+&
| sD/
sD/ Q + | ,&
v ./
J+ $ $ y C 6
*Kd $ J+/M J+ C J+>)
…C +$$ $$/ X$$ $$
<$ D C <$' 5 $ B
' 4; X /
/
<
* \
– ) / (
< #.D / D 2 5 $ $ $ 5 $ <,&
&
+ ' { & v <_
5
7 P C L</
< #.D / D 2 + 5 <,&
)
+ '
(
$
$/ C + $ P C { &
D'm 5
LMI%& u- =
– ) / (
#.D / a
U&
$$ C + I$$%& • <$$/ * $$!
$ # I%& 5 <,&
* C a
a rZ + <D
a + @ #/ + <D
a
D #/ + @
a Y z a
? + 3
< : <,& ]
< #.D / D
$ L ? < Z < : <,&
$$ U? I$$/ $$/ * $$ C
< t@ 0>&
a D!
)
>
(
a 2 )
>
(
#s' [ – ) / (
+ #.D /
$$/ $$: $$ $$: ? 5 sD' U? I/
. /
0 !
/ /
<@/ <@/
<@/ <@/
U& +_ U& +_
%/
#I%/ #I
; ;
D D
R
< 3 – )
/ (
#.D / –
<
D C : 3 { <,&
< +/
<
) { / ( C
L C / ` I/ 8 #.D /
GC @D/ C </ >D – /
<
+ + 3_
+ 0_ L C / C
*
` I/ l
<H/ / – )
/ (
#.D / –
+
^$$ & <$$H/ $$/ >D$$
Y$$$$ * $$$$ C $$$$
J+. 1&J+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!
C +Z @D
…
• &
/
<
* €C /
<
4 ? /
<
/ /
<
/M 69 +
–pD / +
* C + /M ,bC
+ /
!
66
+ C /M
)
/ – (
#.D / –
+
* C + C /M ,bC
C rIHD/ '12 j : +0'12 < C 2 , / +
/
!
0 #%/ 6\
- )
/ ( .D /
# a
+
Y$ * $ C 0$ 0/
C +IH' /
… a
+IH' /
a
;D a 3D 51@/
a
* a _C &
>D d 67
+ C
#.D / –
+ C +)
J $ .%& J # _ +
$$&
* C $$! $$D J
…
C @$' J 3D * <_ C
…
D' +
/
!
/ +3D C 6=
#.D / –
+ 1$$$ / C +3D $$$ C
B / +
a + !
a a Y
a Y + !
a D C O
6]
C <,&
< #.D / D
$- 4 D!
/ ^ & /1
>
)
<
(
+ 6[
– ) / (
#.D / –
+ YO $ * $ C < ƒ Y $$j@& # $$ C >D$$ <$$
Yj@$/ B1$ / *D' C ! P C t2 5 #Z <?
+ /
!
+ / : Z 6R
#.D / –
+
* $$$ C +U $$$ < C $$$ !
P C 3@
+ /
!
+ UZ p: / P C 68
#.D / –
+
* $ C $ $ + C D' ' ! P C * #UZ + <$ $ $;@/ # _
<' <' +
/
!
j 5 ,: O 6l
+ @
#.D / –
+ L $,: $ + $@ B1 / <
#$$ _ $$ B1$$ / Y$$ +$$ ! * C +0 + 1/
C +
/
!
IDZ ebC \9
)
</
(
#.D / –
<
D 2
$ $! $ / </ 1 / 5 5
)
<
(
+0 1 :
#.D / / –
U&
U? I$/ : / YD' C G b C <$2 X$ < ' * < ' : - +
<' k /
a a +
a Y + !
a 1
/ + C
#.D / –
U&
J $ .%& J $ $ ;&
C + $& Y$ J 1 J4%:
…
U <2 ` )
$: /
: 0 - < ' U? I/
k $/ *$ < ' + C
<' a
a +
\7 ./ L ,:
#.D / –
<
+$0 1 L $,: <$,& ^ D/
* C +) D>
/ = D>
/ /
@ 2 d
#.D / –
+
$ D: d .
Y$
X$ / $ $> $ +Z .?
+ FZ Y %/ < C 2 # 0 &
<' <' < / 0%/ C +
/
!
\]
# ./ 4@ C !
#.D / –
+
$$ U $$ #$$ ,_ t$$0
$ Y I& C !
* $$@A $$D: Q $$ $$/
+- ' a
#w/ ./
a +&C >& +
a
% I a Z
a
# %&
a
+ @ - e-Z
a D 1 0'
a + Z e / , /
a C / 1 / , /
a /
= *
+ / • a +, >' J< ? a
C |Z C J( : a
< ' J : a
JM '
# ='
> ( ?@ A ( B
–CD . +CE
• Lych. Tara (2000) “Men and Women Together but equal? ” UNFPA Magazine. Vol. 27, No. 2, p 20.
• Universe,M.(2000),“ Violence: one third of Women Have been Absed”.
UNEPA Magazine, Vol 27, No. 1.
• Koplan, Jeffery P.( 2000) “Building data System for Monitoring Responding to Violence Against Women”. MMWR.Vol. 49 No. RR- 11.
• Shakel Ford TK (2000) “ J Wife Killing: risk to Women as a Function of Ege”. Violence Victim fall 15(3), pp 273-282.
• Rennison , CM, (2000), “Role of Victim Services in Imporving IPV screening”… MMWR Feb 18:49 pp. 114 -117.
• Krishnan SP, (2001) “An examination of IPV in Rural Communities”.community health. 24(1) Apr pp. 1-14.
• Maeve MK (2000) “Speaking Unavoidable Thruths: Understanding Early Childhood Sexual Physical” Violence Among Women in Prison. Isues mnt Health Nurs. Aug: 21(5) pp. 473-498.
• Lemmy D, (2001), “IPV mothers prespective of effect on their children”, MCN AMJ Matern child nurs mar-apr: 26(2) pp
• Mechanic MB, (2000), “The impact of severe stalking experienced by acutely batters women” violenc vict winter: 15(4) pp443-58
• Kirishan SP, (2001), “Domestic Violence and helpseeking behaviors among rural women”, Famcommunity health Apr: 24(1) pp 33-28
• Cecil, G,( 2001), “Partner Ciolence: implication for health community setting womens halth Apr: 11(2).
• Dinenemann J, (2000), “Intimate partner abuse among women diagnosed with depression” issues Ment health Nurs ul – Aug: 21(5),pp 513-499
• Constantino,RO.( 2000), “Negatic life expperiences depression and immune function in abused non abused women”. Biol Res Nurs Jan:
1(3),pp 190-98
• Hammen, C. (2000), “Depression and sensitization to stressors among young women as a function of childhood adversity”, J consult clin psychol oct: 68(5),pp 782-87
• Lown, EA. (2001), “prevalence predicators of physica partner abuse among mexican women”, Health Mar 91: 441-5,pp 441-45
