Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On the Civil Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan": passed in November. A comparative analysis of foreign practice made it possible to identify the main trends in the transformation of the civil service. The research methodology in more detail is described in the corresponding part of the thesis.
Definition, key approaches and models
Institutional changes that took place in public administration in the twentieth century led to a system of transformation from institutions of the bureaucratic type of public administration (Public Administration) to a system of interconnected institutions of the management type (Public Management) and subsequently to the change of it - the model of social coordination (Public Governance) [19]. According to Table 1, historical institutionalism implies a succession of changes when “the original institutions remain, but new elements are added alongside the old system, elements that have transformative potential in the long run” [24]. That's why most government initiatives have focused on ... rebuilding the majority of large-scale services to make them digital by default.
Major tendencies of civil service transformation in foreign countries
Thus, the impetus for this study was the lack of theoretical and practical treatment of the issue of transforming civil servants towards their ability and capacity to innovate. For example, the UK government portal has a series of blog posts that illustrate the vision of a 'Brilliant Civil Service' that helps 'keep the country thriving and secure and supports the governments we serve to deliver on their commitments and deliver high quality. public services" [97, 98]. The College of Civil Service has launched LEARN, a mobile platform that enables officials to learn anytime, anywhere [100].
Research model conceptualization and methodology…
Research design and operationalization
Test and improve the conceptual model based on interviews and surveys of the new compensation project. Head of Division of the Public Services Division at the Agency for Public Service Affairs. Leadership will have a positive influence on public servants' intention to accept innovative transformation of the public service” (figure 10).
Strategy for survey data analysis
Based on the opinions of the interviewees, the wording of some questions in the questionnaire was changed and small changes were made in the order to match the context of the study with the questions in the questionnaire. The second survey was conducted in October 2020 and included 271 civil servants from pilot authorities as well as 109 residents of the capital. The next step was to determine the factor structure of the data set through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to establish a well-fitting CFA model that will result in a successful test of the relationships between construct measurements as well as achieving the reliability and validity of the measurement model.
Organizational diagnostics procedures
Leadership” factor will be taken into account to analyze the structural harmony of the organization. Thus, none of the three components of such an operational assessment (human resources, work organization, meritocracy and organizational culture) has an innovative subtext and motivation for conceptual transformation. This will allow us to develop clear recommendations to further improve the efficiency of the state apparatus.
Retrospective analysis of civil service reform in Kazakhstan
The main documents are: the national plan "100 concrete steps" (2015), the new law "On State Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (2015) and legislative acts of constitutional reform (2017). Apart from the factor mentioned in the table above, corruption remains one of the unresolved issues today. Thus, within the framework of this study, the results of the analysis of theoretical approaches, foreign and Kazakh experiences of the transformation of public service and public administration are taken into account.
Case study of new remuneration pilot project
Pilot project background
The necessary legal framework has been prepared for the implementation of the high-quality pilot project. Only in the first year of the pilot project has the implementation of the transformation processes in the pilot bodies been intensified. The draft concept proposes the introduction of the new remuneration system for civil servants based on a factor-point scale system.
Conceptual model testing
- Data screening
- Demographic profile of the sample
- Descriptive statistics
- Scales reliability testing
- Factor analysis
Overall, the descriptive statistics results (Appendix K) show that the distribution for the summed score of the variables is normal. In order to establish the internal consistency of the measuring instruments, a reliability analysis was carried out. According to the data in Table J.1, all items are found to be reliable as their values are above the recommended level of 0.7.
Organizational diagnostics of pilot authorities
Diagnostics of the Agency for Civil Service Affairs
- Structural harmony of the state body
- Comparative analysis with similar foreign authorized bodies
- Organization’s life cycle
- Survey of employees
- Cost-effectiveness analysis
This is the result of a large-scale change in the legal framework for the development of the civil service system. The survey among civil servants of the Public Administration Agency was conducted between October 15 and 31, 2020. It was aimed at improving the efficiency of work organization in light of the pandemic.
Employees of the agency's central apparatus and territorial department for West Kazakhstan (11.3% each), Zhambyl (8.3%), Atyrau (7.7%), Karaganda and Kyzylorda (7.1% each) regions actively participated in the survey. The board's employees' recommendations are dealt with in more detail in the last chapter of the thesis. Regarding the definition of strategic guidelines for the agency's development, slightly more than half of the employees surveyed participated (53.6%).
Almost 1/5 of the respondents found it difficult to answer this aspect of the work (Figure 20). These and other suggestions built a basis for recommendations, which are included in the final section of the thesis. The situation for most indicators will not change in a positive direction until 2020 again.
So there is a question about the size of the bonus fund, taking into account that not all aspects of.
Diagnostics of the Nur-Sultan Akimat
- Structural harmony of the state body
- Comparative analysis with similar foreign authorized bodies
- Organization’s life cycle
- Survey of employees and stakeholders
- Cost-effectiveness analysis
As part of the transformation, the Akimat of the capital approved a new scheme of local governance. Based on the data screening process, the responses of 103 civil servants of the akimat were accepted. However, how much it corresponds to the opinion of the residents of the capital - service recipients.
The majority of the capital's residents who answered the survey belong to the working population aged 21 to 40 (76.1%). Most of the respondents were not fully satisfied with the work of akimat (62.4%) and considered the list of services provided insufficient (73.4%) (shown in Figures 28 and 29, respectively). About half of respondents (54.1%) requested services at the overall contact center (109), while 49.3% of capital residents received incomplete information and 21.9% of respondents did not receive proper consultation (Figure 30) .
As we can see in table 18, the "Leadership" factor showed a positive dynamic to improve the efficiency of the Akimat of the capital in 2017-2018. The instability of dynamics in this indicator is also demonstrated by the akimat of the Mangystau region. As already mentioned at step 2 of the diagnostic process, the capital Akimat changed its structure dramatically in 2018-2019.
At the same time, Akimat in the Mangystau region has significantly improved its position in terms of the quality of services provided to the population.
Summarizing the diagnostics results
Thus, in the Mangystau region, there were no significant changes in the structure of the local public authority during the period under review. For example, if the head of the department previously received a monthly salary of approx. $670, it is currently $2,000. With this in mind, a list of actions for further improvements is proposed, taking into account the results of the diagnostics at each stage (Table 22).
Organization It is proposed to change the functionality and structure of the organization taking into account best foreign practices. It is proposed to analyze the results of the transformation of the past period in order to develop concrete solutions. Returning to our formula and hypotheses, it must be concluded that none of the pilot organizations showed a cumulative improvement in performance.
The final stage of the organizational diagnostics – a cost-effectiveness analysis is carried out on the basis of current statistics and methods. However, it does not fully reflect the essence of the factors (it is not about solving current minor problems, but it is about a reserve for the future). Furthermore, not all of the functional areas of the pilot bodies are openly reported and discussed in the media.
For example, closely link the performance of a government body to the size and expenditure of the bonus fund.
Scientific and practical recommendations of change management
To date, a positive conclusion has been received that the initiative taken in the course of further improving the work of the portal has been taken into account (screenshots of the responses can be seen in Annex B). And based on the results of the assessment, recommendations of a systemic nature or typical for all government agencies are mainly given. Citizens recommend the Akim of the capital to study issues without journalists and subordinates (first experience a bus ride or wonder how a person with an average salary can survive in the capital).
Renaming the state apparatus: instead of a clumsy bureaucratic machine, it should be a compact, flexible, adaptive structure. In the context of the current study, it is proposed to include: Academia, Citizens and Government (figure 33). Continuing the thread of the research, it is necessary to emphasize the basic conditions for changes in the public sector (this was also noted by the respondents).
Experts also noted that lack of understanding of the overall ultimate goal leads to employee apathy. In the light of the new reality, remote work and "career time-out" are becoming more and more important. In the wake of the conducted research, the theoretical and practical aspects of the transformation of the civil service are touched upon.
In addition, considering the lack of theoretical developments, the innovative features of the civil service and the innovative approach of civil servants are studied in depth.
Transformation methodology (lessons learnt from pilot authorities)
Thus, the definition of a single state body responsible for the operation of the public sector (including public administration) is proposed. Respondents recommend paying special attention to the quality of personnel and the motivation package. However, it did not fully reflect the essence of the factors (it is not a matter of solving current minor matters, but a reserve for the future).
Kazakhstan's innovation system in the context of the global innovation index // The Innovation Journal. Responsibility S3 Co-responsibility for achieving the strategy/mission/goal of the state body is important Human. Staffing HC4 The staffing of the state body is important (timely filling of vacancies).
K2 Material and technical security for the state body (office equipment, office furniture, etc.) is important. When the results of the work affect the population's welfare/economic situation in the country. Shared responsibility for achieving the state's strategy/mission/goals is important.
The staffing of the state body (timely filling of vacancies) is important. It is important to avoid high staff turnover (preservation of institutional memory). Material and technical security for the state body (office equipment, office furniture, etc.) is important. I completely disagree, the new format had a negative impact on the quality of the work done.
Survey Questionnaire Format
Please specify how satisfied you are with the work of Akimat of the capital. What would you like to change in the work of the Akimat of the capital? What would you like to change in the work of the Unified Contact Center of the capital 109.
What, in your opinion, more hinders the effective work of the state institutions of the capital. How do you think the interaction between the residents and the Akimat of the capital should be built. Are you satisfied with the list of services currently provided by the state institutions of the capital?
Which services would you like to receive from the capital's Akimat and in what way. In your opinion, what professional and personal qualities should an official in the capital's akimat possess. Only 0.9% of respondents believe that they are fully involved in making decisions about capital development.
Taking citizens' opinion into account, a certain portrait of an employee in the capital's akimat has been developed.
