FABRICATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANORODS CHEMICAL SENSOR
NURUL HADI BIN HARON MANSOR
Final Year Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Industrial Physics
in the Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA
NOVEMBER 2010
This Final Year Project Report entitled "Fabrication of Zinc Oxide Chemical Sensor" was submitted by Nurul Hadi bin Haron Mansor, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Science (Hons.) Industrial Physics, in the Faculty of Applied Sciences, and was approved by
Prof Dr Saifollah bin Abdullah Supervisor
Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA
40450 Shah Alam Selangor
ryiftf Mfa
Associate Prof £)r Mo/d Rusop bin Mafimod Co-Supervisor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA
40450 Shah Alam Selangor
Prof. Madya'fYusof (Theeran Project Coonpinator
Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam
Selangor
Tuan Haji Isa bin Mohd Yusof Head of Programme
Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam
Selangor
Date:
22
II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise to Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful for His Blessing
Upon completion of this thesis, first of all, I'm really grateful to the greatest Allah s.w.t for the blessing, strength and ability given to me to complete this thesis.
I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my supervisor Prof Dr. Saifollah Abdullah, who has the attitude and the substance of a genius: he continually and convincingly conveyed a spirit of adventure in regard to this thesis and excitement in regard to supervising. Without his guidance and persistent help, this thesis would not have been possible.
In addition, I also would like to thank for my co-supervisor Associate Prof Dr. Mohd Rusop bin Mahmod for allowed me to use the equipment and material in Lab Inovasi at UiTM Shah Alam. I would like to express my gratitude and sincere appreciation to Pn Zuraidah for her encouragement, guidance and friendship. Without her encouragement and constant guidance, I could not have finished this thesis.
A thank you to all the lecturers, my friends and everybody who had contributed for this thesis directly or indirectly with or without my concerns their contributions are gratefully acknowledged.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
ACKNOLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF FIGURES vi LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ix
ABSTRACT x ABSTRAK xi
CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction
1.1 Problem Statement 3
1.2 Objectives 3 1.3 Significant of Project 3
CHAPTER 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 ZnO nanostructure properties 5 2.2 Synthesis ZnO nanorods 6 2.3 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanorods strutures properties '
2.4 The morphology of ZnO nanorods ° 2.5 The characterization of ZnO nanorods by Photoluminescence
(PL) spectrum 9 2.6 Fabrication of sensor from nanomaterial
2.7 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanorods used as sensor ' I
2.8 I-V Charecteristic of Zn nanorods sensor in ambient air '-*
2.9 The ZnO nanorods sensor sensitivity for chemical gases ' 3 10
CHAPTER 3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Methods 1 5
3.2 Materials and Equipments 1"
3.3 Glass slide as substrate 1"
3.4 Synthesis of ZnO nanorods on glass substrate by used sol-gel
method 17 3.5 Characterization of ZnO nanorods structure ^
3.6 Fabrication of chemical sensor by gold sputter coating ' °
3.7 Preparation of different concentration of K2HPO4 solution 20
3.8 ZnO nanorods sensor principle 22
IV
ABSTRACT
FABRICATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANORODS CHEMICAL SENSOR
ZnO nanorods were synthesized by sol-gel method and applied as sensoring material. This material, ZnO nanorods thin film was growth on the glass slide surface. The ZnO nanorods was characterized by using photoluminescence (PL) spectrometer. The sensor was fabricated by sputtering the gold on ZnO nanorods surface. The different concentration at a range of 0.2 M, 0.4 M, 0.6 M, 0.8 M and 1.0 M of K2HP04 solution was produces as a reagent to investigate a sensitive of ZnO nanorods sensor were. ZnO nanorods sensors showed the sensitivity to detect different concentration of K2HP04
solution. The sensitivity of the ZnO nanorods chemical sensor was determined by I-V measurements testing. Through this measurement the capability of sensor was determined which are sensitivity and selectivity.
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