UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAÑOS College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology
Department of Civil Engineering
CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION REWORK AND ITS EFFECT ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY: THE CASE OF
CYPRESS TOWERS
ARCEO ANTONIO RONQUILLO MANILA
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
March 2009
CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION REWORK AND ITS EFFECT ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY: THE CASE OF
CYPRESS TOWERS
ARCEO ANTONIO RONQUILLO MANILA
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARO-INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAÑOS
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
MARCH 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Acceptance Sheet About the Author Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures
i ii iii iv v vii viii
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study 1.2 Significance of the Study 1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study 1.5 Date and Place of the Study
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Rework
2.2 Cost of Rework 2.3 Rework Classification 2.4 Measuring Rework
2.5 Rework Studies in Other Countries
3. STUDY METHODOLOGY
4. OBSERVATIONS
4.1 Labor Distribution of Cypress Towers 4.2 Pre-concreting Reworks
4.2.1. Rebar Adjustments 4.2.2. Formwork Adjustments 4.3 Post-concreting Reworks
4.3.1. Beam Adjustment 4.3.2. Concrete Reapplication
5. DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 5.1 Expended Labor Hours for Rework
5.1.1. Schedule of Activities 5.1.2. Pre-concreting Rework 5.1.3. Post-concreting Rework 5.2 Productive Labor Yield
5.2.1. Potential Labor Hours
5.2.2. Labor Yield For Rework Activities 5.3 Causes of Rework
5.3.1. Pre-concreting Rework 5.3.2. Post-concreting Rework
6. CONCLUSION
7. RECOMMENDATIONS
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5 5 7 7 9 10
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14 14 15 15 16 17 18 19
21 21 21 22 22 23 23 25 26 26 27
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
Appendix A-1. Concrete Pouring Request First Page Appendix A-2. Concrete Pouring Request Second Page Appendix A-3. Concreting Form Schedule of Cypress Towers Appendix A-4. Cypress Towers Labor Form
Appendix B-1. Fifth Floor Columnation Plan of Tower Celesta Appendix B-2. Second Floor Slab and Girder Plan of Tower Celesta Appendix C. Manpower Report of Cypress Towers
Appendix D. Manpower Distribution of Cypress Towers Appendix E. Manhour Montoring of Cypress Towers
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31 32 33 34 34 35 36 37 38 38
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1. Deviation Categories Causing Rework Table 4-1. Labor Distribution of Cypress Towers
Table 5-1. Constructed Three-Week Rolling Schedule of Tower Celesta
Table 5-2. Pre-concreting Rework Activities on the 5th Floor of Tower Celesta Table 5-3. Man-hours Consumed by the Adjustment of Beam 2G-26
Table 5-4. Man-hours Consumed by Concrete Reapplication
Table 5-5. Manpower Needed for Structural Concrete in Cypress Towers Table 5-6. Total Labor Hours for Concrete Based on Labor Distribution Table 5-7. Percentage of Rework for Each Activity in Tower Celesta
8 14 21 22 23 23 24 24 25
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1. The Cypress Towers of DMCI Homes Figure 1-2. Vicinity map of Cypress Towers Figure 2-1. Components of Rework
Figure 2-2. Generic cause-and-effect (CE) Rework Diagram Derived From Qualitative Data
Figure 2-3. COAA’s Fishbone Rework Cause Classification
Figure 2-4. Relationship Between Rework Costs And Training Costs in Indonesia Figure 4-1. Cypress Towers in Different Stages of Construction
Figure 4-2. Improper Placement of Stirrups
Figure 4-3. Anchorage That Needed to be Installed in Rebars Figure 4-4. Rebar Inspection Precedes Installation of Formworks Figure 4-5. Installation of the Missing Beam
Figure 4-6. Careful Removal of Concrete to Avoid Damaging Rebars Figure 4-7. Beam concrete that needed repairing
Figure 5-1. 5th Floor Area Assignments
Figure 5-2. Productive Labor Yield of Tower Celesta from 7-13 May 2008
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8 9 11 14 16 16 17 18 19 19 21 26
