For several years, the planning of urban communities in the Philippines was mainly the responsibility of the central government. This program was directly administered by the Urban Development Division under the Bureau of Community Development. The Ministry's Memorandum Circular 74-20 provided the gold etlnes for the organization of the City Pianning and Development Board (CPOS) and the CPOS.
Another factor that contributed to the institutionalization of the CPOS was the stability of its financial resources, as indicated in the city budget. During the preparation of the annual budget and the selection of projects for implementation, CPOS provided technical support to the mayor.
THE PASTORA PLANNING PROJECT
LESSON OF EXPERIENCE IN LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING·
It involves studying the social, economic and physical systems of the local area that are subject to planning and development controls and influences. This role of the local development plan recognizes the need for it to be accepted by those affected by it and those charged with its implementation. The PASTORA Planning Project PASTOAA is an acronym for the Planning Assistance Service for the Rural Area Project of the NEDA Regional Office of Region IV (Southern Tagalog).
As the project became more established, regional-local partnership became institutionalized in PASTORA's approach. The regional officials, for their part, improve their knowledge of the local social, economic and physical conditions and thus enable them to incorporate these into the region's development plan. These planning sequences and investigation methods influence the form and content of the plan that is prepared.
Funding for the project is usually provided by participating local units. especially in holding the workshop in selected centers of the province and in reproducing the production of the PASTORA plan. The main task of the local unit is done through the mayor's office for obvious benefit. The questionnaire is prepared in advance by the technical staff of NRO-IV and then sent to the mayor's office for compilation.
The purpose of this sampie study is to gain a better understanding of the local development problems, particularly in the economic, social, physical and developmental edmlnlstratlon areas. However, in the actuarial plan output, there is no evidence that the results of the needs assessment had been used effectively. It is desirable that it adopts a workforce upgrading and improvement program as part of the project requirements.
Compatibility of the PASTORA plan with higher-level plans and its compliance with locally imposed MHS/HSRC standards will continue to remain key elements in the PASTORA planning effort. These considerations are expected to be described in the many discussions of the participants on the project as well as in the post-workshop activities of the NRO-IV technical staff.
AMERICAN'INFLUENCE ON PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES·
Meanwhile, Americans were concerned about the substandard living conditions of the masses in the "nipa neighborhoods." The tasks of the Commission were to formulate plans for all villages, towns and regions in the country; drawing up zoning plans and allotment regulations; and to establish uniform building regulations.18 By 1954, the Commission had prepared a master plan for Manila, and by 1966 some 194 Wire plans were ready for adoption by cities and towns. The first regional development authority was established in 1961 through the joint efforts of the Mindanao-$ulu-Palawan Association with the aim of developing the island of Mindanao and the island provinces of Sulu and Palawan.
Among other things, his responsibilities included: preparation of a comprehensive plan to improve the eeclc-economic development of the region in accordance with the guidelines of the National Economic Council;. No integrated framework plans were proposed and the actual implementation of the proposed projects was minimal. The operation of the projects produced several studies that were submitted to the national government for implementation.
A Regional Development Council was established, consisting of the governors and mayors of the respective provinces and cities, regional directors of various departments, and the general managers of regional or sub-regional development authorities in the region, to serve as an extension of NEDA and Ie. responsible for the development of its respective region.34. In 1978, it was renamed the Human Settlements Regulatory Commission and designated as the regulatory arm of the Ministry of Human Settlements. As revealed in the earlier discussion of the history of planning in the Philippines, the earliest recorded infusion or transplantation of American design principles into the local plans occurred in the preparation of the Manila and Bagulo master plans.
Burnham, the leader of the "beautiful city" movement in the United States, was commissioned in 1904 to draw up plans for the two cities. The main aspects he emphasized in the plan for Manila were the city center, wide radial boulevards, well-kept parks and pleasant views.,. Although the plan was not fully implemented, tangible evidence of Burnham's concepts such as radial streets in the center of the city can still be seen. 36 This particular information can be found in Appendix I of the Master Plan for the New Capital prepared by the Capital City Planning Commission, March 1949.·.
Highlights of the Baguio.City Plan
These were the House of Congress, the Palace of the Chief Executive and the Supreme Court. Very evident were the foreign ingredients (including American) in the piano on Constitution Hill, which was expressed in the swords of the commission. 34;These three main buildings will for generations to the whole world symbolize the nation's government and culture.
The success of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in regional development inspired the Philippine Congress to pass the Mindanao Development Authority (MOA) law in 1961. The TVA was an administrative apparatus of the United States Federal Government to manage the water resources of a river system. 39 Mentioned in Chapter I of the New Capital Master Plan prepared by the Capital Citv Planning Commission (March, 1949). American influence was also felt in the adoption of land use development regulations in large urban areas of the country.
Zoning as most people know It is one of the most popular devices used in achieving planning objectives. The preparation of new zoning regulations for Manila began in 1946, simultaneously with the drafting of the City Master Plan by the National Urban Planning Commission. 40 From an interview with a professional planner who participated in the drafting of the current national building code.
The bureau took responsibility for the preparation of plans for municipalities and cities before the war. He was an adviser to the President of the Philippines on national parks and land planning from 1938 to 1950.41 External aid programs have been sought from the United Nations, the United States Agency for International Development and some financial institutions. Later, in 1900, the group created to prepare the plans for the park system in the American capital had for its first agenda a visit to European cities, especially Paris, which inspired L'Enfant.
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN URBAN RENEWAL PROJECTS: CASE STUDIES
OF TWO ZONAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM AREAS·
Cordero
With the defeat of the Japanese forces by the Americans in the war, ownership of the land passed to the latter. Welfare (MSW).· The 1st Company of the Philippine Army withdrew from the area leaving the pioneer families whose numbers had increased by then. Based on the results of the research, local planners created a Comprehensive Development Plan for the area.
In mapping the attitude of the residents during the open forums, Mariano and the presidents of the barangay were among the residents. The residents only reacted to certain aspects of the plan that would affect or affect them. The CRIO agent even reported that the planners were mocked by the residents.
It consisted of four (4) barangay captains, one member from the barangay council, one teacher and four (4) representatives from the barangay. Most of the barangay captains interviewed said there was a waste of time and effort. Bagong Barrio residents became more aware of the ZIP project during the census enumeration activity.
During the meeting, the ZIP project team noticed that they were slowly gaining people's trust. One of the most important functions of the CPC was coordination with the project team. This gesture indicates that the residents are well aware of the problem that the ZIP is supposed to solve.
A census survey was conducted for both areas Generally to identify the problems of the residents. The establishment of a Community Planning Council with regional and sectoral characteristics to mobilize residents in the ZIP was also planned.
Planning forUrban Development
Back from Tanzania
India Sojoum
AMORANTO simultaneously serves as Regional Executive Director of the Regional Office of the National Economic and Development Authority and Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Regional Development Council of the South Tagalog Region. He served as Executive Director of the Quezon City Urban Planning Commission and Project Director of the Palawan Integrated Development Planning Project. GERARDOS.CALABIA is an associate professor of urban and regional planning at the University of the Philippines, Institute of Envl·.
He pre-published an article in the Philippine Journal of Planning on "Development of a Data Bank for Urban and Regional Planning in the Philippines" and co-authored with Asteya M. PATRICIA CORDERO is the Project Coordinator of the Land Investment Trust Funding Program in Corporate House. She received her Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Master of Urban and Regional Planning, both from the University of the Philippines.
He received the United Nations Fellowship Grant to study Metropolitan Regional Planning in six selected countries and the British Council Fellowship Grant to take the urban planning special course at University College London. For a time he was a member of a United Nations team assisting the Office of the Prime Minister of Tanzania in the preparation of training programs designed to improve the planning skills of planners and planning assistants at the district and regional level. He has written numerous articles in the field of public administration and spatial planning.
She holds two degrees from the University of the Philippines: Bachelor of Arts majoring in Psychology and Masters in Urban and Regional Planning. KAM SIM YEN NG is a graduate student at the Department of Environmental Planning, University of the Philippines. She obtained the degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture at the University of Santo Tomas.
