本研究目的在於分析高危險新生兒之吸吮能力評估、母乳哺餵態度、親子依 附程度、出生一個月純母乳哺餵的相關性，研究結果發現高危險新生兒吸吮能 力、母親母乳哺餵態度、親子依附在不同時間點是有所不同的。大部份文獻指出 高危險新生兒入住新生兒中重度病房所產生的母嬰分離及較長住院天數，對其吸 吮能力、母乳哺餵態度、親子依附帶來負向影響。但是，本研究發現在不同時間 點，嬰兒吸吮能力受到住院天數及擠乳次數的影響，母乳哺餵態度則因產前哺餵 計劃及產前教育而有所不同，高危險新生兒及其母親之親子依附未受住院天數長 短帶來影響，最重要的是指出產前哺餵計劃可作為高危險新生兒出生一個月純母 乳哺餵之預測因子。
在護理應用方面，此研究顯示協助母親擬定產前哺餵計劃是重要且必須的，
不僅與高危險新生兒之母親的母乳哺餵態度有關，且能作為出生一個月高危險新 生兒接受純母乳哺餵之預測因子。因此，於產前檢查時，護理人員除了提供母親 有高危險新生兒母乳哺餵之相關訊息外，更可針對高危險妊娠之母親，提供個別 化之母乳諮詢，強化母親在產前哺餵計劃選擇純母乳哺餵方式。於產後，即使母 親面臨高危險新生兒入住新生兒中重度病房時，仍可依據自己的母乳意願，與護 理人員討論，配合高危險新生兒之母乳需求，擬定参與母乳哺餵計劃，配合適時 提供具體且個別化母乳哺餵之教材協助下，高危險新生兒之母親可成功哺餵母 乳，進而提升高危險新生兒接受純母乳哺餵率。
在限制與建議方面，此研究收案對象限於中區某教學醫院之新生兒中重度病 房，僅能代表該院之高危險新生兒之族群，其中33-36週早產兒僅為少數，本研 究結果可能無法代表住院天數大於14天之Late Preterm。且Briere, McGrath, Cong, Cussan（2014）提到早產兒接受持續母乳哺餵時間，與產前母乳哺餵諮詢、口腔 餵食訓練、袋鼠護理有關，建議可針對此類個案進行研究探討其母乳哺餵相關因
48
子。研究收案時間針對入院、出院、出生一個月等不同時間點進行分析，僅能作 為出生一個月影響因素及其預測，建議可針對此類個案延長追蹤時間至六個月，
利於明確了解高危險新生兒持續母乳哺餵之預測工具。於研究中，採用嬰兒吸吮 能力評估量表，是一簡單且容易執行的自我檢測工具，透過母親自我感覺填寫，
會有較多母親對新生兒吸吮主觀感覺，客觀性易受到質疑，但確實可協助母親了 解母乳哺餵過程所感到的困擾或問題。在研究設計上，未將母親泌乳情況列入變 項中，無法證實嬰兒吸吮能力是否與母親泌乳有關，建議可針對此部分進行相關 探討；產前哺餵計劃對母親於高危險新生兒出生一個月之母乳哺餵態度有不同程 度的影響，可能與母乳哺餵自我效能及出院後的家庭支持有關，建議可將其列入 研究變項進行分析。
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