Sameer Hamed Al Jamal
Faculty of Law, Damietta University, Egypt, [email protected]
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uaeu.ac.ae/sharia_and_law Part of the Construction Law Commons
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(4) See: Christopher R. Seppala: " Contractor’s Claim Under The FIDIC Contracts For Major Works"
presented at the International Construction Contracts and Dispute Resolution, co-hosted by ICC and FIDIC in partnership with the Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration, and published in the Construction Law Journal, London, in 2005.
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(6) Christopher R. Seppala: Contractor's Claims Under the FIDIC Civil Engineering Contract, Fourth (1987) Edition-I, [1991] INT’L' Bus. Law, p. 395.
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some other major lending institution, the Inter-America Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, European Development Bank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development all have standard forms of contract for procurement and services.
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(10) the Swiss Supreme Court ruled (Decision 4C.261/2005 of 9 December 2005).
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(15) The Yellow Book: (Conditions of Contract for Electrical and Mechanical Works).
(16) le «Livre Or» ou «Gold Book» a été présenté en septembre 2007 et publié en septembre 2008.
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(18) The Silver Book: (Conditions of contract for EPC/Turnkey projects) .
(19) See: Pierrick Le Goff, New Standard for International Turnkey Contracts: The FIDIC Silver Book, Published in RDAI/IBLJ, 2 (2000), p.1. sur le site:
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(22) See: Eric L. Nelson; Smith Currie: News & Publications Unique Considerations for Lump Sum EPC Projects, The International Construction Super Conference, London, May 2006, p.1.
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(35) Götz-Sebastian Hök: op. cit., p. 2 - 3.
(36) Claude REYMOND: Comment les sûretés passent-elles les fronttières?., in Les sûretés, (Colloque Bruxelles), FEDUCI, 1984, p. 504.
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(40) Götz-Sebastian Hök: op. cit., p. 2.
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(69) FIDIC Contracts, Red book, General Conditions,1999, clause.3.1.
(70) Michel Nardin : op. cit., p. 8.