Theory of Mind in Children with Down's Syndrome

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Theory of Mind in Children with Down’s Syndrome Dr. Hyam Fathy Moursy Ali

Assistant Professor of Special Education- Faculty of Education- Jouf University.

Abstract: The study aimed to identify deficiencies Theory of Mind for Down’s Syndrome. The participants were (9) children with Down’s syndrome (M=7.56 years) and (13) normal children (M=7.7.7 years) administered (10) tasks of Theory of Mind developed by the researcher to measure: an inference of Desire- Based Emotion, Light of Sight Task, Seeing Leads to Knowing Tests, First–order False Belief, Recognizing Mental State Words, Test of Words in Spontaneous Speech, Test of Pretend Play, Test of Understanding Sarcasm, Jokes, Understanding Slip of the Tongue, and Second–

order False Belief. The results indicated that the Down’s syndrome children were significantly performance lower than normal children in (5) tasks. The results demonstrated also that the relationship between performance on (5) tasks Theory of Mind and IQ were significantly positive correlated. The study concluded with some relevant implications.

Keywords: Theory of Mind, Down’s Syndrome, False Belief, Mental Representations, Appearance-reality.

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The Social and Cognitive Causes of Education on Human Rights at the University Level from the Faculty Members’ Points of View

Dr. Ahmed Abdulaziz Zaid Alrumi

Associate Professor of Foundations of Education, Department of Foundations of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud

Islamic University.

Abstract: The study aimed at identifying the social and cognitive causes of education on human rights from the faculty members’ points of view in Saudi universities, and identifying the possibility of existed significant statistically differences in the study sample responses due to the number of years of experience in the university teaching, and holding different academic degrees. The researcher used the survey descriptive approach depending on the questionnaire as a tool for study. The study sample, who responded to the questionnaire, consisted of (161) faculty members. The study had concluded with a number of results including: the study sample member had greatly agreed on the section of cognitive causes of education on human rights. Moreover, the study sample had greatly agreed on the section regarding the social education on human rights. In addition, the results show that there are no significant statistically differences between the study sample members’ responses regarding the causes of educating on human rights in the section of (cognitive and social causes) due to the difference in the number of years of experience in the field of university teaching.

Finally, the results show that there are no significant statistically differences between the study sample responses regarding the causes of education on human rights in the section (cognitive and social causes) due to the difference in the academic degree of the study respondents.

Keywords: Social and Cognitive Causes, Education, Human Rights, Faculty Members, University Level.

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Improvement Dimensions of Moral Intelligence and its Impact in the Attitudes Toward Cheating, Self-confidence Among College Students

Dr. Khaled Awadh Houssien Al-Ballah

Associate Professor of Special Education- Special Education Department - Faculty of Education - King Faisal University.

E-mail:[email protected] Dr. Majdy Mohamed Ahmed Al-Shahat

Professor of Educational Psychology- Department of Educational Psychology - Faculty of Education - Zagazig University- Egypt.

Abstract: The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of counseling program to improvement dimensions of moral intelligence and its impact in attitudes toward academic cheating, and Self-confidence among college students. The sample consists of (35) students from education college at King Faisal University. The researcher applied the counseling program made by the researcher, the moral intelligence scale made by Al-shammary, (2007), the attitudes toward cheating scale made by Shoeib (1990), and Self-confidence scale made by Shrauger and translated by Abdulla (1990). The results showed statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pre and post program of the experimental group on moral intelligence in favor of the post. There are significance differences between attitudes toward cheating in the negative side, and self-confidence, in favor of the post.

Keywords: Moral intelligence, Attitudes Toward Cheating, Self-confidence, University Students.

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The Academic Educational Discourse in Saudi Universities in the Light of Modern Educational Trends: King Saud University as a Model

Dr. Shaikhah Thary Alrasheedi

Assistant Professor of foundations of education- Faculty of Education- University of Hail.

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract : The study aimed to identify the reality of the academic educational discourse in Saudi universities in the light of modern educational trends, and to identify the most prominent educational issues. The sample consisted of (1066) educational speech representing the dissertations of the master’s and doctoral programs at the faculty of Education of the University of King Saud of Saudi Arabia as a model for universities in the following disciplines: (curriculum and teaching methods, foundations of education, and educational administration), during the period (1420-1437 AH). The results showed that the prominent orientations of the academic educational discourse in the area of educational curricula and teaching methods focus on elements of the approach, the analysis of the curricula, teaching methods and strategies, and the roles of the instructor. The speeches of curriculum and teaching research focused on the study of achievement, and on science, and the majority was limited to the stages of public education in schools. In addition, the results showed the prominent orientations of the academic educational discourse in the area of foundations of education appeared in the area of educational thought in particular studies on the educational contents. Also, the most prominent trends in the area of educational administration focus in the study of the competencies and practices and roles, and concentrated in the stage of general education.

Keywords: Master Theses, Doctoral Dissertations, Curriculum and Teaching Methods, Foundations of Education, Educational Administration.

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Mental Disorders of the Correlation Social Skills Among Visually Impaired in Khartoum State

Dr. Ashraf Mohammed Ahmed Ali

Associate Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Al- Neelian University,Sudan.

Abstract: This study aimed to investigating the level of the mental disorders and social skills among visually impaired people, and finding out the correlation between the two variables and the differences in mental disorders due to the variables of gender and the cause of impairment. The researchers used the descriptive method. The study sample consisted of (230) visually impaired individuals; (115) males and (115) females. Their ages ranged between (22 – 49) years old, and they have been chosen by the simple purposive method, the mental disorders and social skills scales were applied to the sample. The collected data processed by the following statistical tools:

Pearson coefficient, one sample (T) test, two independent samples (T) test and analysis of variance. The results showed that: the mental disorders impaired people are generally characterized as high while the social skills are low, there is a correlation between social skills and mental disorders, there are differences in mental disorders due to gender and the cause of impairment, and there is a statistically significant interaction between gender and social skills on mental disorders. The results were explained in light of the theoretical framework and the results of the previous studies. Recommendations were also made in light of these results.

Keywords: Depression, Anxiety, Phobia Disorder, Social Skills, Visually Impaired.