TRANH CHAP CHU QUYEN CUA HAN QUOC TREN BIEN HOA DONG VA NHUfNG DONG THAI GAN DAY
NGUYIN THj THAM*
Tom tilt: Tren hicn Iloa Ddng, tcii cdc vi tri khd phdn dinh ranh gidi, tranh chdp chu quyen cua Hdn Qiick- vdi Trung (Judc vd Nhdt Bdn dd tdn tcii tir hdng thdp ky trirdc. Vdi nhung dcmg thdi gdn ddy cua Hdn (Jiidc. tranh chdp ndy cd khd ndng chuyen tir tranh chdp song phuong sang tranh chdp da phuong vd Hdn Qudc cd the se thudn lgi han trong viec bdo vc chit quyen lanh hdi cua minh. Chinh thirc hda tranh chdp da phirang tren bien Hoa Ddng S(J ldm phi'rc tap them tinh hinh tranh chdp Ircn hien Ddng vd trong khu vuc. Tuy nhien, tuyen bd chu quyen cua Hdn Qudc ciing .sc gdp them vdi Vicl Nam tieng ndi cua mgt nuac nhd trong vice bdo vc ([iiycn Icri ciia minh Irudc lUQt nude lan han, due biet Id ddi vdi Trung Qudc.
Til" khoa: Bien Iloa Ddng, Franh chap chu quyen. Da phuong hda, Han Qudc I yiing bien tranh chap cd su tham gia
r ciia Han Qudc. Trung Qudc va Nhat Ban nam d bien Hoa Ddng (bien phia ddng Trung Hoa). Day la khu vuc cd vj tri phiic tap, tiep giap hoac trimg lap vdi ranh gidi viing dac quyen kinh te (EEZ) ciia mdi ben ddng thdi cung nam trong khu vuc them Iuc dja md rdng ngoai 200 hai Iy cua ba nudc Ddng A Han-Trung-Nhat. Day lii vimg bien cd vi trf thdng thuong quan trgng. giau tai
7 7 •» . ^
nguyen de phat trien cac nghe bien vii dau khi.
Tren biin Hoa Ddng, ngoai tranh chilp dao Dieu Ngu (Senkaku) giira Trung Qudc va Nhat Ban, tranh chap chii quyin cua Han Qudc cu the la tranh chap dao Icodo (Suyanjiao) vdi 'Trung Qudc va tranh chSp Khu vuc phat triln chung Han Nhat (JDZ) vdi Nhat Ban. GSn day, tuyen bd cua Chfnh phii Han Qudc ve viec se chfnh Ihiic giii hd so khing dinh chii quyen ranh gidi thim Iuc dia ngoai 200 hai Iy da bao hieu mdi tranh chSp tay ba Han-Trung-Nhat tilm tang tren
TS, Vien Nghien cuu Dong Bac A
bien Hoa Ddng .sc dugc chinh thirc hda. Tren CO sd khao sat tinh hinh tranh chap va dgng thai gan diiy cua Hiin Qudc \ c chu quyen tren bicMi Hoa Ddng, bai \iet niiy se dua ra mdt sd danh giii binh luan \ c tranh chap chii quyen bien Hoa Ddng cua Han Qudc cung nhu anh hudng ciia nd ddi vdi khu vuc va Viet Nam.
1. Tranh chap Han-Trung ve chu quyen dao leodo
/. /. Ddc diem ddo leodo
Hdn dao nay cd ten lii leodo hay cdn goi la Parangdo theo Ciich ggi ciia Han Qudc, la Suyanjiao (Suyan Rock, Td Nham Tieu) theo Ciich ggi ciia Trung Qudc. Ia Socotra Rock theo Ciich ggi ciia phuong Tay. Dao leodo nilm d phia Tay Bac biin Hoa Ddng, each dao xa bd nhat ciia Han Qudc la Marado thudc Jejudo 149km, each dao xa bd nhat cua Trung Qudc la Haijiao 245km, each dao xa bd nhat ciia Nhat Ban la Torishima 276km. Dao leodo la dao da chim, cd dien tfch 2km-, nam dudi muc nudc biin trung binh d biin Hoa Ddng 4,6m. Cho nen, khi co sdng khoang 5m thi cd thi nhin thSy dao leodo.
8 NGHIEN CCJfU DONG BflC fl. SO 11(129) 11-2011
Nghien cihi khoa hgc
Republic of Korea
Hakm
•TT Socotra Rock 245km
People G Republic of Chinn
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Anh 1: Vj tri dao leodo tren bien Hoa Dong
Dao leodo la noi tilp giap vdi cac tuyIn Qudc' Nam 1999, doan khao sat ciia Trung luu thdng quan trgng tren biin di vl phfa Qudc cdng bd phat hien mdt dao da san hd Trung Qudc, Nam A va Chau Au. Ddng thdi, nim sau hon vl phfa Han Qudc so vdi dao viing biin xung quanh dao leodo cd rit leodo. Trung Qudc dat cho dao nay la dao nhilu loai ca vdi tru: lugng ddi dao. Dingyan.
1.2. Tmh hmh iranh chdp Thang 6 nam 2001, mac dii du luan Han Nam 1951, Hdi Niii Han Qudc va Hai Qudc khdng ddng tinh nhung "Hiep dinh quan Han Quoc ciing khao sat dao leodo, ngu nghiep Han-Trung" van dugc kf ket va khic ten dao len bang d6ng va tha xudng cd hieu lire. Vdi hiep dinh nay, viing biin viingdachimciiadao. Nam 1987, Cue Cang dao leodo trd thanh viing biin trung lap giao thdng biin Han Qudc lin diu tien cdng Han-Trung va ngu dan hai nudc diu cd thi bd vdi thi gidi da tha phao an toan danh diu tu do danh bit ca d day.
dao leodo nhim canh bao nguy hilm cho tau Trung Qudc kien tri lap trudng khdng thuyin qua lai. Tii nam 1995, cimg vdi cac cdng nhan chii quyin ciia Han Qudc d dao hoat ddng danh bit ca, nghien ciiu hai duong leodo. Nam 2006 cd hai lin, nam 2007 cd hgc, du bao thdi tilt, Chfnh phii Han Qudc hai lin Trung Qudc tiln hanh khao sat dao tiln hanh kl hoach xay dung tram khoa hgc leodo bing may bay. Cho din thang 1 nam hai duong tren dao leodo. Thang 6 nam 2003, 2009, dl phan dinh ranh gidi tren biin, Han Han Qudc lip dat xong Tram khoa hgc hai Qudc va Trung Qudc da cd 14 cudc hdi dam duong cd cac thilt bi quan trie hien dai va nhung hai ben vin chua dat dugc kit qua bai dd cho may bay true thang tai nggn nhu mong dgi.
chfnh ciia dao, chlch v l phia nam 700m. 'Thang 5 nam 2009, Han Qudc va Trung v l phfa Trung Qudc, nam 1996, ciing vdi Qudc cimg dh xuit len Lien Hiep Qudc ranh Han Qudc va Nhat Ban, Trung Qudc gia
nhap Hiep udc Luat Biin cua Lien Hiep 777: , , . . „ . . _ ^ ITZ, ^.x , . .,.
*VF ^ " v i ' • -r ' Hifp uac Lien Hiep Quoc ve Luat Bien con.duoc goi la Cong u6c Luat Biin, viit tat 1^ UNCLOS (United Nations Convention on ttie Law of the Sea).
NGHIEN C(]fU DONG B^C fl. SO 11(129) 11-2011 9
Nghien cicu khoajwc^
y > 7
gidi them lyc dia va deu khSng dinh chii quyen ddi vdi diio Icodo.
Cho den thdi diem nay, tranh chap chu quyen bien diio ciia Hiin Qudc vii Irung Qudc d bicMi Iloa Ddng cd thi ndi it ciing
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thiing hon so vdi tranh chap bien diio ciia Vict Nam vii Irung Qudc. Chii yen tranh chilp chi dirng lai d cac hoat ddng khiio .siit, hoat dgng tuyen truyen the hi^n chii quyC-n va hgi diim ngoiii giao.
lYiinh chap chii quyen bien diio leodo giua Han Qudc vii Frung Qudc tren thyc tc cho thay dugc Hiep dinh ngu nghiep Han- Trung xoa diu. Mile dii khiing djnh dao Icodo niim trong viing dac quyen kinh te cua minh nhung Han Qudc van kf ket Hiep djnh ngu nghiep vdi Trung Qudc. Ngu dan Trung Qudc van dugc tu do khai thac tren viing bien xung quanh dao leodo.
2. Tranh chap Han-Nhat d Khu vuc phat trien chung Han Nhat (JDZ)
2.1. Bgc diem Khu vu'c phdt trien chung Hdn-Nhgt (JDZ)
Nim trong khu vuc bien Hoa Ddng, Khu vuc phat trien chung Han-Nhat ma Flan
r f t y
Qudc mudn khang dinh chii quyen cd dien tfch la 19.000km^ Khu vuc nay tiep giap vdi ranh gidi viing dac quyen kinh te cua Nhat
r y
Ban va Han Qudc. Ddng thdi, day cung la
* ^ f
khu vuc nam trong them Iuc dja tdi da 350 hai ly ciia ba nudc Ddng A Han-Trung-Nhat.
Trong ban dd phat trien cac viing bien ciia
f
Han Qudc tir thap nien 1970, Khu vuc phat trien chung Han-Nhat gan nhu triing vdi khu vuc dugc danh dau la vimg bien sd 7 Day la khu virc dugc danh gia cd trir lugng dau md Idn trong khu vuc bien Hoa Ddng - noi vdn dugc cho la cd trir lugng dau khi Idn gip 10
lan Arab Saudi.
2.2. Tmh hinh tranh chap
Nilm 1972, tranh chip lanh hai giiia Han Qudc vii Nhiit Ban trd nen ciing thing. Phfa Hiin Quoc chu truong Ihim luc dja tu nhien ciia minh vuon tdi tiln viing lorn Okinawa.
Nhim xoa diu tinh hinh. Nhat Biin da de nghi Han Quoc lay can cir tii dudng trung gian, moi nudc liii vc mgt khoiing each bSng nhau vii khu vuc hinh thanh chung tii lanh hai cua hai ben nay sc Iii khu vuc phat trien chung ciia hai nudc.
Niim 1974, Han Qudc vii Nhat Ban ki kit
"Hiep dinh phiit trien chung Han-Nhat d khu vuc thC'in luc dia phia nam" Fheo hiep dinh nay hai nudc cam ket se ddng thdi tien hanh tham dd va khai thac dau khi d khu vuc nay.
Fliep dinh cd hieu Iuc den nam 2028.
Nam 1996, sau khi gia nhap Hiep udc Luat Bien ciia Lien Hiep Qudc, de phan djnh ranh gidi tren bien. Han Qudc da cd 9 cuoc hdi dam vdi Nhat Ban nhung chua dat dugc ket qua.
Thang 5 niim 2009. Han Qudc va Nhat Ban deu de xuiit Ien Lien Hiep Qudc ranh gidi them Iuc dia ciia minh. Han Qudc chi de trinh hd so chua chinh thiic khoang 8 trang ve ranh gidi them Iuc dja ngoai 200 hai ly phfa nam dao Jejudo vdi dien tfch 19.000km^
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nam trong Khu vuc phat trien chung Han- Nhat. Trong khi dd, Nhat Ban de trinh hd sa khoang 100 trang chii quyen tren bien Thai Binh Duong. Tuy nhien, Nhat Ban khdng glii kem theo tai lieu rieng cho Khu vuc phat
7 y '
trien chung Han-Nhat va khdng de cap den vin dl tranh chap vdi Han Qudc d khu vuc nay.
10
NGHIEN Ciru DONG BflC fl, SO 11(129) 11-2011Nghien cicu khoa hgc
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Anh 2: Vung biin Han Qu6c tuyen bl chu quyen (phan dudng chim) thuoc JDZ
Tren thuc tl, tuy Hiep dinh phat triln (Senkaku) hay so vdi tranh chip Han-Nhat d chung Han-Nhat da dugc kf kit tii thap nien dao Dokdo (Takeshima), tranh chip ciia Han 1970 nhung sau dd, phfa Nhat Ban cho khu Qudc vdi Nhat Ban d biin Hoa Ddng ft cang vuc nay thudc viing lanh thd ciia minh nen thing hon. Tranh chap tren biin Hoa Ddng da phan bac va khdng thuc hien. Cd thdi giira Han Qudc vdi Nhat Ban bi che lip bdi dilm thi ly do khdng thuc hien hiep dinh la hiep dinh chung giiia hai nudc. Han Qudc kf do kit qua phan tfch sd lieu vl trir lugng diu vdi Nhat Ban hiep dinh vl Khu vuc phat khi d khu vuc nay cua hai nudc khac biet triln chung Han-Nhat cd hieu luc hon 50 nhau. Vi hiep dinh cam kit hai nudc ddng nam. Vdi rang budc ciia hiep dinh nay, Han thdi tiln hanh khai thac nen khi Nhat Ban Qudc khdng thi don phuang tham dd khai khong thuc hien thi Han Qu6c cung khong thac va Nhat Ban vdi tuyen bd chu quyin, thi tiln hanh tham dd khai thac d viing biin khdng thuc hien hiep dinh chung nen yin cd nay. Sudt hon 20 nam qua, Hiep dinh phat thi giti gin dugc tai nguyen d viing biin nay.
triln chung Han-Nhat bj treo va khu vuc nay Chii ylu tranh chip Han-Nhat tren biin Hoa tudng nhu da bi hai nudc lang quen. Nhung Ddng chi thi hien d miic do khdng tiln hanh sau 17 nam nira, khi hieu luc cua Hiep dinh hoat ddng khao sat va khai thac chung theo nay khdng cdn, vin dk phan dinh chii quyin cam kit giira hai nudc.
se dugc dat ra. Tren mdt binh dien khac, so vdi tranh Nhu vay, trong thdi gian qua, so vdi tranh chap Han-Trung d dao leodo, tranh chap chip Trung-Nhat d quin dao Dilu Ngu Han-Nhat v l Khu vuc phat triln chung Han-
NGHIEN CCfa DONG BflC fl. SO 11(129) 11-2011 1 1
Nghien cicu khoa hgc
Nhat van chua dugc chinh thirc hda. D I khang dinh chu quyen, Nhiit Ban dil khdng thuc thi hiep dinh da kf kit vdi Hiin Quoc nhung trong hd so giri len Lien I licp Quoc, Nhat Ban cung khdng dc ciip den v;iii de tranh chap vdi Hiin Quoc d khu vuc niiy.
Cdn hd so khang dinh chii quyen them Iuc dia ngoai 200 hai ly cua 1 liin Qudc giri len Lien Hiep Qudc nam 2009 bao gdm dao leodo Vii Khu vuc phat triCMi chung Hiin- Nhat thuc ra cung chi la hd so du bj, chua phai la hd so chinh thirc.
3. Dgng thai gan day ciia Han Quoc ve chu quyen d bien Hoa Dong
5.7. Hgi thdo vd gido due vc chu quyen a bien Hoa Dong
Ngay 7 thang 7 nam 2010, chii tich Uy ban Y te va phuc Igi cua Qudc hdi Lee Jae Seon da chii tri budi thao luan tai Thu vien Qudc hgi vdi chu de md rdng va khai thac
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viing bien chii quyen ciia Han Qudc. Budi thao luan da de cap den nguy co mat chii quyen tai Khu vuc phat triln chung Han- Nhat va keu ggi chfnh phu nhanh chdng tim phuang an md rdng va khai thac viing biin chii quyen tren bien Hoa Ddng.
Tir ngay 24-29 thang 6 nam 2011,
"Chuong trinh lanh dao, chuyen gia hai duong tuong lai khda 1" dugc td chirc tai Jejudo, phd bien cac kien thirc va kinh
f y
nghiem thuc te ve dao Jejudo va leodo.
Vao thdi diem khda hgc nay kit thiic, tdi ngay 29 thang 6 nam 2011, Hdi thao qudc tl vdi chii dh "Biin va hda binh Ddng A: dao leodo va tranh chap ranh gidi biin Hoa Ddng" dugc td chiic tai Seoul. Tham gia hdi thao nay cd cac dai dien din tir Hawai, Viet Nam (Hgc vien Ngoai giao), Dai Loan, Singapore, dai sir quan cac nudc va dai dien
Han Qudc tai Tda iin Biin ciia Lien Hiep Qudc. 'Fiji hgi thao nay, cac hgc gia Han
r f y f
Qudc da tap trung lam rd van de tranh chap
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dao leodo va them luc dia d bien Hoa Ddng ddng thdi keu ggi sir quan tam ciia Chfnh phu Hiin Qudc ddi vdi van dc nay.
-?.2. Bat hinh ngdy cdng tdng trong dit ludn if Hdn Qudc
Ngiiy 14 thang 6 nam 2011, diii KBS cua 1 Ian Qudc da phat sdng chuong trinh "Han- 'Frung-Nhilt them Iuc dja tam qudc chi" canh biio nguy co mat chii quyen cua Han Quoc
7 '
tai viing bien Hoa Ddng \a nhan manh sir Ciln thiet ciia vic-c de trinh hd so chinh thirc ve ranh gidi them luc dia Ien Lien Hiep Qudc. Chuong trinh ngay 14 thang 6 cua KBS da gay chan ddng Idn \ it rdng rai trong du luan, khoi day lai van de khang dinh chii quyen tren bien Hoa Ddng tudng nhu da bi lang quen.
Ke tir khi cd tranh chap chii quyen tren bien Hoa Ddng, nhin chung du luan Han Qudc ludn mong dgi phan umg tich cue tir phia chfnh phii. Tuy nhien. trong thdi gian qua. du luan Han Qudc dii rat quan tam den chii quyen bien diio nhung hau nhu chi tap trung cho van de tranh chip dao Dokdo (Takeshima) \ di Nhat Ban. Trong tinh hinh
r y
tranh chiip chii qu}'en gitira Viet Nam va
' 7
Trung Qudc tren bien Ddng ndng len, du luan Han Qudc cang cd y thuc hon ve chii
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quyen bien dao ciia minh. Qua chuong trinh ngay 14 thang 6 cua dai KBS, thai do bit binh ddi vdi chinh phu xung quanh van de chii quyen tren bien Hoa Ddng ngay cang tang.
Du luan Han Qudc cho ring chinh phii chua thuc sir het minh trong viec khing dinh va gin giii chii quyin. Ho chi trich trong 10
12
NGHIEN C(JfU DONG BflC fl. SO 11(129) 11-2011Nghien cicu khoa hgc
nam, Uy ban ranh gidi them luc dia (CLCS) 5. Danh gia
cho thdi gian de chuan bi hd so ranh gidi Trong thdi gian gan diiy, tranh chap chii them luc dia, chfnh phii chi de trinh dugc 8 quyen cua Han Qudc tren bien Hoa Ddng cd
f y 7 7 /•
trang tai lieu vdi tinh chiit la hd so du bi. the ndi khdng cang thang nhu tranh chap d Chinh phii Han Qudc cung bj phe phan la dao Dokdo (Takeshima), ft dugc quan tam qua dn hda trong dam phan vii kf ket ciic hon so vdi tranh chap cua Trung Qudc va hiep dinh vdi cac nudc lien quan. Nhiit Bdn d quan dao Dilu Ngu (Senkaku) 4. Chinh phii Han Quoc tuyen bo se dc va cung it ndng bdng hon tranh chap d bien trinh ho so" chinh thiic len Lien Hop Quoc Ddng. Tranh chap chu quyen tren bien Hoa
Trudc sir bat binh ciia du luan. ngay 16 Ddng ciia Han Qudc dugc che lap bdi cac thang 6 nam 2011. hai ngay sau khi chuang hiep dinh hgp tac song phuang ve viing bien trinh cua dai KBS dugc phiit sdng, ngirdi tranh chilp nen dien ra tham lang hon so vdi phiit ngdn ciia Bg Ngoai giao va Thuang mai cac dicMii tranh chap tren cac viing bien khac.
Han Qudc da truyen di thdng diep ciii chfnh Ciing vi the, gan day, khdng chi du luan d ve mdt sd diem ma dai KBS da chi trich. Flan Qudc va cac nudc lien quan ma du luan khang dinh thai do kien quyet cua chinh phu qu6c te hau nhu dang tap trung cho cac diem
^ 7 f r
trudc ciic hanh vi vi pham chii quyen bien ndng tranh chap khac. Cho nen, tuyen bd se dao va tiet Id chinh phu dang tien hanh de trinh len Lien Hiep Qudc hd so chfnh chuan bj va sau khi hoan tat se de trinh hd so thirc ve ranh gidi them luc dia ngoai 200 hai chfnh thirc len Lien Hiep Qudc. Iy tren bien Hoa Ddng vao cudi nam 2011 da
Trong hai ngay 3 va 4 thang 7 nam 2011, khdng khdi gay tam Iy ngac nhien va dat cau bao chf Han Qudc ddng loat dua tin chfnh hdi tai sao trudc ddng thai nay ciia Chfnh
f •> y f r
phii khang dinh dang chuan bj hd so chfnh phu Han Qudc. Phai chang, tranh chap chu thiic de trinh Lien Hiep Qudc. Dac biet, thdi quyen tren viing bien mgt s6 nudc Chau A diem de trinh hd so chfnh thiic ve ranh gidi dang ndng len va sir tai dac cii Tdng thu kf them luc dja tren bien Hoa Ddng cua Chfnh Lien Hiep Qudc Ban Ki Moon la dieu kien phii Han Qudc dugc cho biet la vao cudi thdi thuc Han Qudc cuong quyet han trong
^ 7
nam nay, nam 2011. viec bao ve chu quyen tren bien Hoa Ddng?
Lap trudng ciia Chfnh phii Han Qudc la se Tuy nhien, nhin lai Hch sii tranh chap tren tiep tuc bao ve quan diem da neu trong hd so bien Hoa Ddng ciia Han Qudc thi thay rang du bi de trinh Lien Hiep Qudc nam 2009. ddng thai gan day ciia Han Qudc ve ranh
r t y y
Chfnh phii Han Qudc khang dinh them Iuc gidi them Iuc dja khdng mdi me. Day la dia tu nhien ciia ban dao Cao Ly keo dai tii budc tiep ndi tu nhien trong lich sii tranh viing bien Iuc dia den viing ldm Okinawa chap tai bien Hoa Ddng. Theo quy dinh ciia
7 f f
thudc bien Hoa Ddng. Lien Hiep Qudc, cac nudc nhd yeu chua dii dieu kien thi cd the de trinh hd so du bi de
\ ' , cd CO hdi chuan bi de trinh hd so chfnh thiic. t y
Ban dao Han theo each goi cua nguoi Han Quoc. Ban dao T T ^ Z - ^ - ^ J -^ \ A I ^ . I , .
Trilu Tien theo each goi cua nguai Trilu Tien, Ban dao Han Quoc da gianh dugc CO hgi nay sau khi
Cao Ly la each goi nham thi hien quan dilm trung lap ciia d a d e t r i n h h d SO d u b j v a o n a m 2 0 0 9 . M a t tac gia bai viit nay.
NGHIEN cau DONG BflC fl. SO 11 (129) 11-2011 13
Nghienc^ujchoa hgc
khiic, trudc iip Iuc cua du luiln trong nudc Ddi vdi Ihin Qudc, chinh thirc hda tranh gin diiy, tu>cn bd ciia Chinh pliii Ikin Qudc chiip tren bien Iloa Ddng hi mdt mui ten cd thi dugc xem nhu mgt sir tni ldi de giiii triing hai dich va tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho dtip thic mic vii triin an diln cluing. Chua kc lliin Qudc biio vc chu quyen ciia ;ninh. So
, , 7
day cd the Iii c(r hdi dc Chinh phii Hiin Qudc vdi tranh chiip Khu vuc phat trien chung khing djnh minh vii tiio dieu kicMi thuiln lgi Ilim-Nhilt, tranh chap diio Icodo vdi Trung cho phiii biio thii thiin chinh phii dang cd (^udc cap biich hon. dac biet la trong tinh nguv CO ngiiy ciing trd nen >cu the trong hinh Irung Qudc dang mudn tang quyen lire dang cam qu>ln. ciia minh tren biC-n. Neu I Ian Qudc cd dugc
Frong truiTng hgp Chinh phu Hiin Quoc quyin lgi tir vice khang djnh gidi han them dc trinh ho scr chinh thirc \ l ranh gidi thim Iuc dia ngoiii 200 hai Iy thi dao Icodo chi luc dja ngoiii 200 hiii Iy ICMI LicMi llicp Quoc, nim ciich mgt hdn diio nhd thudc Jejudo 149 Trung Qudc vii Nh;ll Biin cung sc cd hanh km sc de dimg dugc khang djnh chii quyen.
ddng tuong tu. Do dd, tranh chip tren biin Mat khiic. khi da phuong hda tranh chap tren Hoa Ddng cua Hiin Qudc vdi Trung Qudc, bien Hoa Ddng, I Ian Qudc cd dieu kien Nhat Ban se dugc chinh thirc hda va se thuiln Igi la khii nang hgp tiic vdi Nhat Ban.
khdng cdn dien ra tham king nhu trudc diiy So vdi tranh chilp d diio Dokdo \a .so vdi nira. Tranh chap tren bien Hoa Ddng cua tranh chap Nhilt-'Frung. tranh chap d bien Han Qudc tir tranh chap song phuang Flan- Hoa Ddng ciia I lan Qudc \ ii Nhat Ban cho
7 f t t y
Trung, Han-Nhat se phiit trien thanh tranh den thdi diem niiy khdng cang thang bang.
f ' > *
chap da phuong Han-Trung-Nhat. Ciing vdi Hon nua. Han Qudc \ ii Nhat Ban deu nam cac tranh chap vdn da cang thang trudc day trong khdi lien minh \ di My Cho nen. khi nhu tranh chap dao Dokdo giira Han Qudc ciing tranh chiip \ di Trung Qudc, trong mot va Nhat Ban, tranh chap dao Dieu Ngu giu'a chirng mirc nao dd, I Lin Qudc cd the mong Trung Qudc va Nhat Ban, tranh chap da dgi sir hgp tiic ciia Nhiit Ban \ a cimg gay siic phuong mdi tren bien Hoa Ddng sc trd nen ep cho Trung Qudc.
khd giai quyet hon. Ddi vdi Vict Nam. trong tinh hinh tranh Ddi vdi Chau A, chinh thirc hda tranh chilp \ di Trung Qudc d biin Ddng dang cang
f t 7 #
chap tren bien Hoa Ddng se cd lac ddng tdi thang. tu\ en bd ngii\ 16 thiing 6 va ngay 3 tinh hinh tranh chap tren bien Ddng va tren thiing 7 nilm 2011 cua Chinh phii Han Quoc cac viing bien khac trong khu vuc. Trong khi rit diing dugc quan tam. Vdi Viet Nam, tranh chap giua cac nudc d bicMi Ddng dang tuyen bd s<^ chfnh thdc khing dinh chii ndng Ien tirng ngay, chfnh thirc hda tranh quyin tren biin Hoa Ddng cua Han Quoc
f t , 7
chap tren bien Hoa Ddng se lam cho tinh mdt mat cd the gay tam Iy lo ngai cho on hinh khu vuc cang them phirc tap va cang djnh trong khu vuc. Mat khac, la mdt nudc thang. Do dd, de tim ra dugc mdt giai phap phat triln hon Viet Nam, nhung so vdi Trung hda binh, dam bao quyen lgi cho tat ca cac Qudc va Nhat Ban, Han Qudc ciing la mot ben, cac nudc lien quan cin phai no lire nudc nhd ylu hon. Tuyen bd chinh thiic nhilu hon niia. khing djnh chii quyin tren biin Hoa Ddng
1 4 NGHIEN ecru DONG BflC fl. SO 11 (129) 11-2011
Nghien cicu khoa hgc
ciia Han Qudc se gdp them mdt tieng ndi cua
f f
mdt nudc nhd yeu trudc cac nudc Idn hon, dac biet la ddi vdi Trung Qudc. Cang thang
7
tren bien Hoa Ddng nhin tren mdt khia canh khac cd the se phiin tiin su quan tiim ciia Trung Qudc ve tranh chiip tren bien Ddng.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Thuy Mien, 'Tranh chap tren bien Floa Dong". Dcio Thanh nien dien lie. 4/7/2011.
2. Phuang Mai, Do Hirdng, "Tranh chap Trung-Nhat-Han day song bien Hoa Dong, Cc'ing thong tin vd Tin lire J let Nam Inforvn, 5/7/2011.
3. ^^^^. *Kf^.^^ ^^^n ^m'i- 2
2-}^H: I V ^ ^ ^ ^ t ] ^ ^ •^'?fl ^ ^ ^ 1 ^ {Tranh chdp them luc dia bien Hoa Dong Han- Tnmg-Nhgt vdng 2: Hdn Quoc co ke hogch de
f f
xudt chinh thirc len Lien Hiep Quoc), oj-AJo]-:^!:-]] 01^3/7/2011.
4. ^j^J-^, ^^^ ^^^n z^^^ All
^ ^ 1 -n-'ffl ^ 1 # (Chinh phu de trinh len Lien hiep quoc ranh gidi mai cua them luc dia tren hiin Hoa Dong), t b ^ ^ ^, 13/5/2009.
^ ^ ^
0]AJ-nl^ "^1 ^XHCA-S:, 0I5-
^n
^ ^ ^ 1 - 5 } " w>i:} ^^^] (Biin Tam qudc chi:
chiem trudc bien phia nam ddo Jejudo a bien Hoa Dong), 4 Tj] ^ iL, 30/1/2009.
6. ^A^^, ^."A ^^^n ^ 4 ^
^ y ^ ^ 7|-<g (Cdng thdng qudn sir Trung Nhgt tren biin Hoa Dong), M]:^]''^^ 22/4/2010.
7. ^liHf--^!-^ ^^91, 2011/6/14 22:00 KBS ^ 1 4 7 ] ^ ^ " * ] : ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ] "
^}^ ^ ^ (Lien quan din chuang trinh "Han Trung Nhgt thim luc dia tam quoc chi, Phat song luc 22:00 ngay 14/6/2011 cua dai KBS),
^ i H ^ ^ j - ^ :a.£;^l-^, 16/6/2011.
binh Dcmg A), A ^""Aiv^, 28/6/2011.
9. ^jsi?, ^^^ ^^^n
'%^^^] -n-'^l ^11 IT-7]5. (Chinh phu quyit dinh de trinh Lien Hiep Quoc hf) sa chinh thuc ve them luc dia d hien Hoa Dong), Tf^l—.
4/7/2011.
10. h^JL^. ^^^ " ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 1 ^ 1 ^ ^ "
^^^]^^i ^^1] fr<a ^ « : ^^.^."U ^-^
i^H^-^ 'l^S i £ ^ 5 } - ^ - ^ (Chinh phu de trinh Lien Hiep Qiu)c Iw sc/ chinh thirc ve
"Them luc dia a bien Hoa Dong" tranh chdp them luc dia giua ba ntrc/c Hdn-Trung-Nhgt lo dien), ^ t | - 7 " r ^ , 3/7/2011.
11. « » # , ^ ^ ^ ^ro^^^S. ^ 1 7 ^ ^ ,
^V^TgW-oj ^ ^ ^ u p ^ (Lanh thd biin a khu vuc so 7 bi quen ldng, doi pho tieu cue cua Chinh phii Hdn Qudc) T T ^ ^ , 14/6/2011.
12. ^df-^r::^, ^ 5 ] "^ro^^J:^ ^ ^ ^ ^ : ^ o p ' ^S- (Quoc hoi thdo ludn "Tim them luc dia - lanh thd biin), IIIIIQIO.
13. ^ ^ ^ , ^ ^ ^ - ^ ^ ^ n ^ ^ ^ - 'or^'vi-%^ \ H ^ (Chinh phii cong bo quan diem chinh thuc ve "them luc dia bien Hoa Dong),
^ ^ 1 ^ ^ ^ , 3 / 7 / 2 0 1 1 .
14. <^]^, - f s l 7 } ^^^A ti}4 c^^
"<^1^£." (Ddo leodo, lanh tho bien md chung ta khong biit) ^^7\ ^], 4/7/2011.
15. 7 j ^ ^ , tKf^^^ "in ^d^5 ^
^ ^ ^ # 5 1 ^ ^ ^ ^ } S } «l-47l- ^l2fl4 (Hdn-Trung-Nhdt dang tranh chdp lanh hdi:
tdng quoc luc, ndm quyen chii dong, bien Id tuang lai), 23/5l20n.
16. 4-g-wfl 4 4 : 5 1 , o l o l H (£)flo leodo), 8/7/2011.
8. *y^^ ^ 4 ^ 1 ^> 4 4 4 5gj]-"
•^^l^^-il^lM- (Hoi thdo qudc ti "Biin vd hda
NGHIEN Ciru DONG BflC fl. S011(129) 11-2011
