Ban quan ly diF an chuyen nganh goc nhin tip thipc tien quan ly cong trinh trong diem SLP dung vdn ngan sach nha nu^ac
Specialized Construction Investment Project Management Unit - A Practical View from Managing Key Projects Using State Budget Funds
Ngay nhan bai: 19/12/2015 Ngay sCfa bai: 15/02/2016 Ngay chap nhan dang: 22/04/2016
D a o Quoc Viet
TOM TAT
De phil hdp vdi tinh hinh mdi trong hog,t dong quan ly dau tU xay ddng, Chinh phu da ban hanh Nghi dinh 59/2015/CP-ND ngay 18/6/2015, co hieu lUc tif 05/08/2015. Nghi dinh nay quy dinh rd hon mo hinh to chile va hoat dong ciia Ban quan ly diJ an chuyen nganh, Ban quan ly di^ an khu vilc da duOc de cap den trong Ludt Xay difng 2014. Loai t6 chiic nay viia c6 chdc nang ia chu dau tU vifa co thi dong vai trd la dcJn vi tii van quan [f dli 4n. Bai bao ldm rd chifc nang, rad hinh t6 chiic vk hoat ddng cua cac ban quan ly dtf an loai nay vdi mgt dii an cu the, til do de xuat cac kien nghi nham hodn thien de tang hi^u qua trong hoat ddng cua cac BQLDACN va dam bao sii thanh cdng cua dif an Tii khoa: Ban qudn ly dit dn chuyen nganh, Ban qudn l^ du dn khu vUc, Gidm doc qudn ly du dn.
ABSTRACT
In order to facilitate the construction investment projects in the new context. Decree 59/2015/ND-CP dated 06/18/20I5has been issuedandputineffect from 05/08/2015. This Decree defines organizational models and operations of the Specialized Construction Investment Project Management Units, Regional Construction Investment Project Management Units, which were first mentioned in the Law on Construction 2014. The main functions of these types of project management unit include both the investor and the project management consultant. This paper clarifies functions, organizational model and operation of these type of organisation with a practical project illustrated, then proposes some recommendations in order to increase efficiency in the operation of these organizations and ensure the success of the projects
Key words: Specialized Construction Investment Project Management Units, Regional Construction Investment Project Management Units, Project Manager.
Th.S Dao Quoc Viet,
Ban quan ly dU an DTXD Nha Quoc hpi va Hoi tnidng Ba Dinh (mc(i), Bp Xay dting Di dpng: 0912499234,
Email: [email protected]
1. Gidi t h i e u
Trong nhOtig t h d p ni&n gan day, nganh xay dung Viet Nam co nhOng bUdc phat tnen quan t r p n g cd ve chi^u rfing lan chieu sau. De tao ra moi tru'dng ddu tU lanh nnanh va hanh lang phap ly day du, Nha nUcrc luon quan t a m den viec ban hdnh vd siia doi hoan thien he t h o n g van bdn phdp luat trong ITnh vUc d l u IU xay dUng. Gan day, Luat xay dUng sd S0/2014/QH13 dUoc Quoc hoi nUcic Cgng hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam khoa XIII thong qua ngay 18/6/2014. B e cu t h e hoa m o t so noi dung trong Luat nay, Chinh phii da ban hanh Nghi dinh so 59/201S/NO-CP ngay 18/6/2015 (N059). Nghi dinh nay quy djnh chi tiet cdc noi dung ve quan ly du dn ddu tU xay dUng, gom: Lap, tham dinh, phe duyet d u an; thUc hien dU dn; ket thuc xdy dung dua cong trinh cua d u an vao khai thdc silr dung, hlnh t h i k vd noi dung quan ly dU dn dau t u xdy dUng.
Mpt trong nhUng d i l m mdi cua Ludt Xdy diing 2014, duoc quy dinh chi t i l t hon trong Nghi dinh S9/2015/ND-CP id vigc thdnh Idp vd sCt dung cdc Ban qudn 1^ di^ dn chuydn nganh.
Ban qudn ly d u an khu vuc (BQLDACN) d i qudn ly cdc dU an sili' dung v6n ngdn sdch nhd nudc, vdn nha nudc ngodi ngdn sdch. Day la mdt ndi dung mdi g d p phdn quan trpng trong viec qudn ly dau t u xdy dung cdc cdng trinh dat muc tieu va hieu qud trong hoat dong dau t u xdy dung. Bai bdo nay xem xet chdc nang nhiem vu, t o chdc vd hoat dong cua loai ban qudn ly d u an ndy theo quy dinh phdp ludt vd tren c a sd viec t d chdc BQLDACN cho viec thiic hien dU an dau tU xay dUng Nhd Qudc hfli - mdt d u an quan trong qudc gia.
2. Chdc n a n g , n h i ^ m v u vd h i n h thiilc t6 chdc cCia BQLDACN
2.1. ChuTc ndng, nhiim vu vd ddi tUdng cuaBQLDACN
Nghi dinh 59/2015/ND-CP quy djnh hai hinh thdc t d chdc Ban qudn \'j/ du an Id:
BQLDACN, dOn vi dupc giao thUc hien chdc
5 2 Q&DIEDISa 05.2016
ndng chd dau tU vd nhiem v u qudn ly ddng t h d i nhieu d l / an sd dung vdn ngdn sach nhd nUdc, vdn nhd nUdc ngodi ngdn sdch va Ban qudn ly d u an dau t i t xay dUng mflt dU dn, don vi dUpc giao quan ly thuc hi^n d u d n quy mfl nhdm A cd cong trinh xdy dung cap dac biet, d u dn dp dung cdng ngh# cao dUdc Bd t n i d n g Bfl khoa hpc va Cong nghe xdc nhan bang vdn bdn, d u dn ve qudc phflng, an ninh cd y^u cau b i mat nha niidc, d u dn sd dung vdn khde.
Dieu 17 Nghj dinh 59/2015/ND-CP quy dinh Bd trudng, Thu trUdng co quan ngang Bd, Chu tjch Oy ban nhdn dan cap t m h , cap huyen, ChCi tjch Hdi ddng quan tri tap doan kmh te, t o n g cdng t y nha nUdc quyet dlnh thdnh lap BQLDACN d e thUc hien chdc nang chu dau tU vd nhiem vu qudn ly ddng t h d i nhieu dU an sd dung vdn ngdn sdch nha nudc, vdn nha nudc ngoai ngan sdch. Diem mdi so vdi cdc quy dinh trudc ddy la BQLDACN dUOc giao thuc hign hai chdc ndng khac nhau la chii dau t u vd chdc ndng t u van qudn l y d u d n .
BQLDACN duoc giao qudn ly cdc dU an dau t d xdy d u n g cdng trinh trong cung mdt khu vUc hdnh chinh hoac tren cdng m d t hUdng tuyen, quan Iy cac d u dn thudc ciing mdt chuyen nganh va qudn ly cdc dU dn sd dung von ODA, vdn vay cua cung mdt nha tai t r o co yeu cau phdi qudn ly thdng nhat ve ngudn vdn sd dung.
2.2. Hin/i thu'c to ch&c vd hoat ddng BQLDACN
Ve t d chdc Ban quan ly dU an chuyen nganh. Ban qudn ly dU an khu vUc do Bd trudng, ThCi trudng cP quan ngang Bo, Chu tich Uy ban nhdn ddn cap tinh, cdp huy^n thdnh lap la to chdc sU nghiep cdng tdp; do ngudi dai dien cd tham quyen cua doanh nghiep nhd nudc thanh lap la t d chdc thanh vien cua doanh nghiep.
BQLDACN cd tU each phdp nhan day du, duoc sd dung con dau rieng, dUpc m d tai khodn tai kho bac nhd nudc va ngan hang thUdng mai theo quy dinh; thUC hien cac chdc nang, nhiem vu va quyen han ciia chii dau tU va trUc tiep t d chdcqudnlythUc hien cac d u a n dupc giao; chju trach nhiem trUdc phdp ludt va ngUdi quyet dinh dau t u ve cac hoat dfing cua minh, qudn ly van hanh, khai thac sd dung cfing trinh hoan thdnh khi duoc ngudi quyet dinh dau t u giao.
Co cau t d chdc vd hoat ddng: Cdn cd sd lUOng d u an chuyen nganh, yeu cau nhiem vu qudn ly va dieu ki§n thUc hien cu the thi CO cau t d chdc cda Ban quan iy dU an Chuyen nganh, khu vuc cd t h l duoc sdp x i p theo trinh IU qudn 1^ ddu t u xdy duTig ciia d u dn hoac theo tiftig d u an. BQLDACN dUOc thuc hien chdc ndng lam chd dau tU va chdc nang qudn ly dU dn cho cdc d u an khde tren co sd bdo ddm hodn thanh nhiem vu qudn \^ du dn dUoc giao, co dii dieu kien ve nang lUc chuyen mon. Bd may ciia BALDACN bao gdm Ban gidm ddc, cdc gidm ddc quan ly dU an va cdc bfl phdn trUc thudc de thUc hien chdc nang nhi^m vu dUoc giao. Gidm ddc
quan ly dUan cua cac BQLDACN phai cd du dieu kien ndng luc; ca nhdn ddm nhdn cdc chdc danh thudc cdc phong, ban dieu hanh d i i an phai cd chuyen mfln ddo tao vd co chdng ch? hanh nghe phu hpp vdl cdng viec do minh ddm nhan, Vi tri Gidm ddc QLDA phan biet vdi vi trf Giam ddc BQLDA do dupc Giam ddc BQLDACN dUan phan cong Id ngudi ddng dau de thUc hien nhiem vu quan ly d u dn m d t dUan dau tUxay dutig cu the.
BQLDACN phdi cd tdi thieu 20 ngUdi cd chuyen mon, nghiep vu phii h c ^ vdi loai dU an chuyen nganh, t r d trUdng hpp BQLDACN cap huy§n thi sd luong tdi thieu la 10 ngUdi.
Nhin chung, hinh thdc t d chdc, hoat ddng vd ddl tupng cua BQLDACN da dUoc quy dinh tupng ddl day d d . Tuy nhi^n, viec quy dinh rd ve quyen, trdeh nhiem gida bd phdn thuc hien chdc nang chii dau t u va bfl phdn thuc hien chdc nang quan l y d u d n phu hop vdi quy dmh ciia Ludt xdy dung va cdc ludt khac cd li&n quan van chua thuc sU ro rang. Ben canh do, chdc danh Gidm ddc qudn ly dU an dUPC ddnh gid vd phdn hang 1,11 va lli thdng qua cdc hoat ddng gidn tiep trong chuyen ngdnh thiet ke, giam sat thl cfing vd chl huy tru'dng cdng trudng. Vi du, dieu k i f n de dUoc cfing nhan la Gidm ddc qudn ly d u an hang 111 (hang thap nhat) id; co chdng chi hdnh nghe thiet ke hoac chdng chl hdnh nghe gidm sdt thi cdng xdy dUng hang ill hoac dd Id Gidm ddc t u van qudn ly d u dn ciia mflt d u dn nhom C cung loai hoac Id chi huy trudng cflng trudng hang III [3]. Viec quy djnh ndy Id chua danh gid d i i n g vai trd, nhiem vu ciia nhdng ngudi hoat dflng trong linh vUc qudn ly d u dn va mdt cau hdi dat ra la, mdt can bd chi hoat ddng trong iinh vUc qudn ly dU an, cd thdi gian cdng tac nhieu hon 5 nam se dUoc xet hang qudn ly d u an n h u t h e nao? Vi vay, de thUc hien dung chdc nang, nhiem vu va hoat ddng hieu qud, md hinh quan ly ciia co quan nay can duoc nghien cdu mdt each bai bdn, khoa hpc ket hpp cac md hinh quan ly d u dn trong thifc tien hien nay.
3. M d h i n h t d chdc t h i i c hien d i i a n d ^ u t U xdy d i i n g Nhd Qudc h p i
3.1. Gf'df thiiu dif dn ddu tUxdy d>/ng Nhd Qudc hdi
DU an dau t u xdy dung Nha Quoc hdi la dil dn trpng diem qudc gia [8], dUoc Qudc hdi quyet dmh chu trtrong. Chinh Phu phe duyet d u an dau tU va Bd Xay dung la chu dau IU thUc h i e n d u d n . Cdng trinh la tru sd co quan quyen lUc cao nhat cua nudc Cdng hda xa hdi chd nghia Viet Nam, dupc xdy dUng tai Khu trung tam chinh tri Ba Oinh, khu vuc cd nhieu di ti'ch, di vat khdo c6 hoc. Du an dau tU xay dUng Nha Quoc hdi gdm nhieu hang myc, nhiT [5];
- Cdng trinh Nha Quoc hdi vdi 02 tang ham vd 05 tang ndi, tdng dien tich san khodng 62 240 m2; Noi do xe ngam vdi 03 tang ham, tdng dien tich khodng 17.640 m2 va cd sdc chda khodng 550 xe d tfi cdc loai; Dudng ham lien he
gida Nhd Qudc hdi vd tru s6 Bd Ngoai giao;
• Dudng Bac Son, D u d n g ddc lap, d d d n g Hoang Van Thu va hang muc sdn vudn, d u d n g ndi bd.
Cdng trinh Nha Qudc hdi dUpc tU van vd thiet k l bdi Nhd thau chinh la Lien danh Gmp Intemational GmbH-inros Lackner AG (CHLB Ddc), mdt trong nhdng Nha thau t i f van hang ddu the gidi Nhiem vu quan ly d u a n dUOC giao cho Ban Qudn ly d u an DTXD Nhd Qudc hpl va Hdi trudng Ba Dinh (mdi) (BQLDA NAM). Cac n h l | m vu giam sat va thi cfing xay dUng cflng trinh dUpc thpc hien bdi hau het cdc nha thau Viet Nam Cfing trinh dupc khdi cdng ndm 2009 vd chinh thdcdUa vdo hoat ddng nam 2014.
3.2. M d hinh hogt ddng vd ce cdu to ch^c cOa BQLDA NAH
De thuc hien chdc nang Idm Chii dau t u dU an, Bp Xay dUng quyet djnh thanh Idp vd giao BQLDA NAH de t d chdc thUc hien qudn 1;^ dUan dau t u xay dung. San qudn ly d u dn cd t d each phap nhan, con dau va tai khoan rieng tai kho bac Nha nudc vd ngan hang. BQLDA NAH dUpc Bfl Xdy dung iiy quyen ky hpp ddng vdi cac don VI chuyen mfln de thUc hien cac ndi dung cdng viSc theo trinh t u dau t u xay dutig nhU:Td chdc lap, tham dmh phg duyei ISp bao cao nghien cdu khd thi, TU vdn Thiet ke, TU van Th£m tra, T U v a n G i a m s d t v d c d c N h a t h a u thi cdng, hodn thiencflng trinh. Mfl hinh t d chdc thUc hien d u dn Nha Qudc hdi dUpc trinh bay nhU Hinh 1.
Ca cau t d chdc ciia BQLDA NAH g d m cd Ban Giam ddc va cac phdng chdc nang nhU: Phdng Hanh chinh -To chdc; Phdng Ke hoach; Phdng Ky thuat; Phdng Thiet bj - Co dien va Phdng Tai chinh ke loan. Cac phdng ban chdc nang dUOc giao nhiem vy tham mUu, de xuat va chju trach nhiem trudc Giam ddc BQLDA NAH. So d d co cau t d chdc BQLDA NAH dUpc trinh bay nhU tren Hinh 2,
Td thUc tien thUc hien dU an DTXD cdng trinh Nha Qudc hdi va Hdi trUdng Ba Oinh cQng nhu cdc cfing trinh trong diem vdn ngan sach nhd nUdc khac hien nay cho thay;
- Cdc mfi hinh t d chdc thpc hien dU an thudng dupc ket hpp gida mfi hlnh'Chu dau tU t u thuc hien" ket hpp vert md hinh "Chu nhiem dieu hdnh d u an" [7]. Trong d d vai t r d Chii nhiem dieu h a n h d U a n d d a y c h m h la Ban qudn l y d u d n , ddn vithuc hien chdc nang tham mUu, de xuat vd thuc hien cac chdc nang t u v a n qudn ly d u dn khac dUoc iiy quyen cua Chd dau t u
- Cdc Ban quan ly dU an chi thUc hien chdc nang t u vdn quan ly d u a n , chUa thuc hien chdc ndng Chil dau t u .
- Chdc danh Giam ddc quan ly d u dn chua d u p c a p dung, can b d q u a n l y d u d n c h u a d u p c cap chdng chi hanh nghe qudn ly dU an, phan Idn nhdng ngudi hoat dflng trong iinh vUc nay chi cd kinh nghiem trong cdc hoat ddng TVTK, TVGS va thi cflng xdy dung trudc do.
- Quy dmh phap ludt mdi chi ra sd \uar\g
os.2oi6mm\^'s 53
B6 Xdy dung (Chi) d Ju tu)
Thud Tuvdn ThiAkJ
Ban Qudn ly du dn Nhd Qudc hdi vd Hdi tnrdng BaE»nh (mdi)
Thue Tham tra Thiet ke
T h u i l U v S n DSu (hiu
ThueTuvSn Gidm sdt
KyHDvdiNhd thdu thi cAng H]nh1.M6hlnhtochiiccOadiianNh3 0udch6[
trddng cdng trinh. Bdi vl, ddi vdt chdc danh ndy cd t h e khdng can chuyen mdn sdu v ^ linh vuc t h i l t k l , linh vUc gidm sat hay thi cdng nhung l^i can phai cd ky ndng lanh dao, giao tiep, t h d o n g Idong vd ra quyet djnh cao hOn. Do dd cdn bd sung t h e m dieu kien dd tham gia ho^t ddng trong linh viic quan ly d d dntrong mflt thdl gian nhat ffinh.
TAILIEU THAM KHAO
1. Luai xay dimg so 50/2014/QH13 ngay 18/6/2014, 2. Nghj quyet so 49/2010/QH12 ngSy 19/6/2010 da Um hoi nirdc Cong hoa xa hoi diu nghia Viet nam khda Xll;
} . Nghl ^nh so S9/2015/N8 - CP nghy 18/6/2D1S ve quin lydilandautu,
4 Ouyel djnh so 926/Qfi - BXD ngiy 15/7/2002 tua Bo tru'dng Bo Xay dting ve viec thimh lap Ban qu^n ly dir in dSu tu xay duUg Nha Quoc hoi va Hoi tnicmg Ba Dlnh (mdi);
5. Quye't flinh so 1591/QB -TTg ngJy 09/10/2009 ciia ThO Wdng Chinh phu ve viec phe duyet du Jn d l j tuxay dimg dySn Nha Ouoc hdi;
6 Quyet dinh sd 202/00 - BXD ngay 24/02/2011 (iia Bd trudng Bd Xay dung ve viec ban hanh Ouy che va td chdc vi hoal ddng ciJaBanquaniy duan dau IU xay dung Nhi Qudc hdi va Hdi truong Sa Dinh (mdi);
7 PGSTS ru Quang PhUUng (2012), "Quin ly dU an* Nha xuat bin Dai hoc Kmh te qudc dan
P h t e g M t w ^ d i
Hlnh 2. Co ca'u id chdc cua BQLDA NAH ngUdi t d i t h i e u c h o t d n g loai Ban q u d n 1^ d u d n , chua c d n h d n g q u y d i n h cu t h e ve b a n q u d n l;^dddn t i l u c h u a n , n h u l a ve cac bd phan true thudc vd tieu chuan nhan sU cho cac bd phdn trdc thufie ndy trong BQLDACN, cung nhU cho cdc d p dn do BQLDACN phu trach.
De c h u y i n ddi sang mfl hinh BQLDACN, can m d t bd khung co sd phdp ly phij hop vdi mfi hlnh hoat d d n g vda Id Chu ddu t u v d a la t u van qudn ly dU an. Hon nda, viec xdy dung dpi ngu cdn bd qudn ly d U a n chuyen nghiep, cd trinh d d Id rat can thiet, trong do kien todn chdc danh Giam ddc qudn ly dU an la nhiem vu cdn thuc hl&n ngay.
4 . K^t ludn vd kien n g h j 4.1.Ketludn
Nhu vay, sU ra ddi cda N059 nhdm muc dich chi t i l t vd cu the hda m d t sd dieu cda Luat Xdy dung sd50/2014/QH13de Luat thUc sUdi vao cudc sdng. Ludt Xdy dUng cung nhU Nghj dinh mdi quy dinh tUOng ddi day dii va cu t h l ve hinh thdc t d chdc va hoat ddng cua BQLDACN Tuy nhien, viec quy djnh ro ve cdc quyen, trdeh nhiem gida bd phdn thUc hien chdc ndng chu dau tUvd bd phdn thuc hien chdc nang qudn ly d u dn p h i l hpp vdl quy djnh cua Luat xdy dung vd cdc ludt khac cd lien quan van chUa dupc lam rfi. Ben canh dd, chdc danh Giam ddc qudn ly d p an dUPC ddnh gia va phdn hang chua the hien dupc vai t r d cila ky nang qudn ly so vdi cdc chdc
Pti6ngThiabt - Co diln
danh khde tuong duong.
4.2. Kiin nghi
T r i n CO sd m d hlnh t d chdc va hoat ciia BQLDACN vdl hai chdc nang khde nhau la chii dau tUva t u v d n qudn l y d u d n n h u t r e n , Bdxay dung nen ban hdnh t h d n g tU hUdng dan vd cd qui djnh chl t i l t mfi hinh t d chdc hoat ddng cda BQLDACN. Trong d d can quy dinh rd ve cac quyen, trach nhiem gida bd phan thUc hien chdc nang chd dau t u vd bd phan thUc hien nghiep vu quan l i / d u d n phii hop vdi quy dinh cua Luat xay dung nam 2014 va cac luat khde cd lien quan.
Can xay dUng tieu chuan ciia ehde danh Gidm ddc quan 1;^ d u d n tren e o s d trdeh nhiem ciia ngUdi gidchdc danh nay ddi vdi t d ehde cdp tren, ddi vdi dU an vd ddi vdi cae thdnh v i l n dU dn vd cac ky nang qudn iy dU an nhU; Ky ndng lanh dao, Ky nang giao tiep va thdng tin trong qudn ly dU an, Ky ndng thuong lupng va gidi quyet khd khan vudng mac va ky ndng ra quyet dinh. Can xay dung m d hinh tieu chuan cho BQLDACN, cd d cap d p Ban ndi chung, cd d cap dp cae d u d n do ioai ban nay qudn ly.
Odl vdi viec cap chdng chl cdng nhdn hang cua Gidm ddc quan ly d p dn: Nen xem x l t bd sung t h e m d khia eanh qudn ly thay vl ddnh gid tuang duong hang cua Gidm ddc qudn ly dU dn vdi hang eda Ky su hdnh nghe thiet ke, Ky sU hanh nghe gidm sat cdng trinh hoac Id chl huy
