NGHIfiNCUU- T R A 0 D 6 I
Cac yeu to anh huxyng den uy tin ciia
chu tjch uy ban nhan dan xa trong hoat dong quan ly hanh chinh nha nuoc hien nay
ThS PHAN THANH GIAN*
C
d nhilu yg'u t l anh hudng tdi uy tin cua chu trinh dp hpc vk'n phi thdng: trinh dd tilu hpc chilm tich uy ban nhkn dkn (UBND) xk trong boat 3.70%; tiling hpc co sd chilm 33.33% vk trang hpc phi ddng quan ly hanh chinh nhk nude (QLHCNN), thdng chilm 62.69%. 2. Vl trinh dd chuydn mdn: chua tiong dddc ylu t l chu quan (thudc vl chu tich UBND qua dko tao chig'm 51.85%; so dp, trang d p chig'm xk) ddng vai trb quyg't dinh true tilp lk dilu kien dn, 37.04%; cao dang, dai hpc chig'm 11.11%. 3. Vl ly luan cbn d c yg'u t l thudc mat khach quan (bdn ngoki chu chi'nh tri: so d p ly lukn chfnh tri chilm 25.93%; trang tich UBND xk) la dilu kien du cua uy ti'n. Trong bki ck'p ly lukn chinh tri chilm 66.67% vk cao ck'p ly lukn vig't nky, chiing tdi chi tim hilu mdt slylu tinhudia chfnh tri la 7.41%. 4. Vl QLHCNN: chua qua dko tao vi xk hdi (vi tri, chuc vu), trinh dd dko tao, phong each chig'm 51.85%; so d p la 22.22%; trung d p lk 25.93%;lanh dao (PCLD), trinh dd dkn tri vk trayin thd'ng cua dai hpc lk 0%. Trong nhiing nkm, qua cdng tac dko tao dia phuong. Nghidn cifu dupc khao sat vdi 593 phig'u, d n bd dk dupc cac dia phuong quan tkm, do dd, trinh trgn dia ban d c tinh Kon Tum, Gia Lai vk Dik Lik. dp cua dpi ngii can bd co sd ndi chung vk d a chu tich Dl tim hilu mue dd anh hudng cua cac yd'u t l chiing UBND xk dk dupc d i thidn rd ret, phan nko dap ifng tdi ekn dvko md'i quan hd Pearson giifa danh gia mue dupc ygu clu cua thuc tiin cdng tac d n bd. Song, do dp anh hudng cua d c yd'u t l vdi mue dd uy tin dl so kig'n thuc nin (dko tao phi thdng) ylu ndn vide dao tao sanh. d cac bkc tig'p theo chk't lupng chua td't (mac du hp cd
1. Trinh dd ddo tgo bing d p rk't nhieu, kl d bing d p cao). Chfnh vi thd', Dihoan thanh dupe d c nhigm vu chinh tri eua minh khi dupe hdi: Vdi trinh dp dko tao cua chu tich UBND d u tieh UBND xk khdng chi d n cd kinh nghidm ma hp xk hien nay, thi viec dap iing d c ygu cau lknh dao d n phai cd tri thue khoa hpc, dupc dko tao vl ly lukn (LD) dia phuong d muc dp nko? Sly kig'n dupe hdi cho ciing nhuky nkng quan ly hknh chfnh nhk nudc. Vl vk'n la dap iing rk't td't chilm mdt ty Id rk't ft 6.41%, 54.81%
dl nky, trong s i d e khach tbl nghidn cuu cua chiing cho lk chua thkt td't vk cd tdi 38.79% cho lk cbn rk't tdi lk chu tieh UBND xk cd trinh dp nhu sau: 1. Vl ban chl Xac dinh anh hudng trinh dp hpc vk'n cua chu
tich UBND xk tdi uy tfn cua hp, chiing tdi thu dupc
NGHifiNCiru-
TRAOD6IBang 1. Trinh do dao tao anh hudng tdi uy tin ciia chii tich uy ban nhkn dkn xa
sn
1 2 3 4
Bieu tiien Anti iii/dng den nSng li/c edng t^e
Anti tiodng din si/ linh hoat, skng tao trong cdng vide Anh hodng den spyen tkm, tin ti/dng cua QC, CD Anh hirdng den ti/todng coi trpng bang cap cua QC, CD
eiB 2.27 2.20 2.39 2.06
Thdbac 2 3 1 4
IVIdcdd Trung binh Trung binh IVIanh Trung binh Trinh dd dao tao ed thi anh hudng din uy tin cua
chu tich UBND xk tiong boat dpng QLHCNN dnhilu ndi dung khac nhau. Theo danh gia cua quin ehiing (QC), ck'p dudi (CD), anh hudng Idn nhk't eua trinh dp dko tao din uy tin eua ehu tieh UBND xk lk tao eho QC, CD cd dupc "sur ydn tkm tin tudng" (X = 2.39 mifc eao, bkc 1). Sur tin cay eua d c khach tbl chi cd khi mk hp bid't chac vl trinh dd, nkng lire cua ngubi chii tieh UBND xk cd tbl dam duong dupc nhifng cdng vide ma hp mong dpi, giao phd. Vi thi, trinh dd dko tao lk mpt trong nhiing yd'u t l cd anh hudng manh me tdi Ibng tin cua d e khach the. Co sd dl QC, CD tin tudng lk khi dupe dko tao thi nkng luc cdng tac cua chu tich UBND xa ciing dupe nang len. Bdi vi tiong cdng tac quan ly xa hdi, giai quyg't edng vide hknh chinh hidn nay dbi hdi chu tich UBND xa phai cd sir am hilu, nim vifng kidn thiic trdn nhilu linh vue vdi d c quy trinh thao tac bd't siic khoa hpc, chat che, chi'nh vi thi cac y kig'n tra Ibi diu danh gia kha cao anh hudng cua_trinh dp dko tao tdi uy tin cua chu tich UBND xk (X = 2.27, bkc 2).
Trinh dp dko tao cua chu tich UBND xk khdng chi giiip hp viing vkng tiong chuyen mdn, nghigp vu, tao ra su ygn tkm tin tudng cho QC, CD ma cbn giup hp cd dupc sur linh boat, sang tao trong cdng vide (X = 2.20, bkc 3). Dky lk nhiing tiln dl coban giiip ehu tich UBND xa cd dupc nkng lue QLHCNN vk khang dinh dupc nkng lire ly trude cac khach t b l Mdt d n bd t l ehuc huyen uy ndi: "Trinh do ddi ngu ehd tich UBND xd cda chung tdi bdy gid ednyiu, phdn ddng ehua qua ede ldp ddo tgo ve chuyin mdn, nghiip vu. Mdt sdddo tgo theo kiiu chap vd chd yiu la digidi quyit ehinh sdch nin chua gdnh vdc dugc ede cdng viic ddia phuong" (T.Q.D).
Tuy nhidn, se lk sai lim khi cho rang dko tao ckng nhilu, bkng d p ckng cao vdi nhilu nhkn mac cao quy thi se gky dupc nhilu anh hudng cua minh tdi d c khach thi mk van dl d chd chk't lupng dko tao vk ky nkng thue hanh cua hp nhu thi nko. Dilu nky dupc phan anh qua danh gia cua d c khach tbl vl tutuong
1<X<3 coi trpng bing ck'p cua chu tich UBND xk bidn nay dupe eho lk ft ed anh hudng nhk't tdi uy ti'n eua dng ta (X = 2.02, bkc 4). Van dl dat ra lk d n nhanh chdng cd nhiing giai phap dd'i mdi, nkng eao chk't lupng dko tao, boi dubng eho dpi ngii d n bd xk ndi chung vk chu tich UBND xk d Tky Nguydn ndi ridng. Do dd, dd'i vdi cac dia phuong thi edng tae dko tao, bii dudng phai gin chat vdi edng tac quy hoach, bltri vk sur dung d n bd.
Dd'i vdi cac co sd dko tao cin co cku mdn hpc vk thbi lupng timg mdn hpc cho hpp ly theo hudng giam ly thuyg't mk tkng ky nkng thue hknh, xur ly d c tinh hud'ng thue. Nhu vky, trinh dd dko tao cd anh huong ddn nkng lue cdng tae d a chu tich UBND xk vk sirtin tuong d a QC, CD. Tun hilu md'i quan he tuong quan Pearson (r) giiia danh gia vl trinh dp dko tao vk miic dp uy ti'n cho thk'y (r = 0,216, p = 0,00 < 0,001), dky lk md'i quan he duong, thukn chilu. Nhuvay, trinh dp dko tao cao cd anh hudng ti'eh cue tdi mue dp uy ti'n d a ehu tich UBND xk trong boat ddng QLHCNN d dia phuong.
2.Diavixdhdi
Dia vi xa hdi cua ehu tich UBND xk la quyln luc hpp phap, nd tao cho hp khdng chi ed sue manh cua quyln hknh ma cbn tao cho hp sue manh cua quyln uy.
Kd't qua khao sat cho thk'y, cd 67.78% y kiln cho ring chu tich UBND xk lk ngubi cd rk't nhilu quyln luc h dia phuong, loai y kiln nky d nhdm QC, CD lk 72.28%.
Nhiing y kid'n cho ring, ehu tich UBND xk cd quyln luc ft chi chig'm mdt ty Id rk't khidm td'n 6.41%, trong dd y kid'n cua QC, CD lk 5.12%. Nhu vky, QC, CD cho ring ehu tich UBND xk lk ngubi cd diy quyln luc vk hp cd tbl quyg't dinh dupe rat nhieu vk'n dl cd hgn quan din sir phat triln cua dia phuong ndi chung, lpi fch cua hp ndi rigng. Dia vi xk hdi cd anh hudng tdi uy tfn dupc thi hidn d bang 2.
Xet trgn khf a canh vl dia vi xk hdi (quyln luc) cua chii tich UBND xk thi ylu t l nky dupc danhjia lk cd anh hudng nhilu nhk't tdi d i uy trong LD (X = 2.19, bkc 1). Cd tbl ndi, quyln lire lk tiln dl phap ly quan
56
NGHIfiNCUU-TRAO DOI
Bang 2. Dia vi xa h^i anh huong d^n uy tin ciia chu tich uy ban nhkn dan xa STT
1 2 3 4
Bieu hidn Anh hudng ddn cki uy
Anh hudng den khoSng ekeh quan he vdi QC, CD Anh hadng den so vi ne cua QC, CD
Anh hudng den thai dp phuc tung cua QC, CD
DTB 2.19 1.99 2.05 2.08
Thuf bac 1 4 3 2
IVIufedp Trung binh Trung binh Trung binh Trung binh
tipng dl chu tich UBND xk triln khai vk thuc thi cac quylt dinh quan ly. Bdi xet trong quan he cua boat ddng QLHCNN thi dky lk md'i quan he vl quyln lire, vi thi, khdng cd quyln luc (di uy) thi chu tich UBND xk khdng tbl thilt Ikp vk duy tri dupc d c md'i quan he hknh chi'nh vdi d e khach thi. Cung vi ly do dd mk quyln lire dupe xem lk yd'u tied anh hudng khdng nho tdi thai dp phuc tiing cua QC, CD trude d c quyg't dinh cua chu tieh UBND xk (X = 2.08, bkc 2). Thuc t l cho thk'y, trong nhilu trubng hpp dl giai quyg't cdng vide, chu tich UBND xk phai tridt dl sur dung quyln luc hpp phap cua minh, chinh nghg thukt su dung quyln luc anh hudng tdi thai dp phuc tung ciia QC, CD. Khdng nhiing tbl, cuong vi ehu tich UBND xk phan anh gia tri xk hdi cua ngubi dd dupc Dang, Nhk nudc va nhkn dkn dia phuong tin nhiem, giao cho bp trpng trach.
Nhuvay, chu tich UBND xk la ngubi da tung cd qua trinh phkn dk'u, ren luydn vk dupe thica nhkn, cho ndn cd dupc vi tri dd_thi ft nhilu bp ciing cd dup'C sir vi nl cua mpi ngubi (X = 2.05, bkc 3). Anh L.V.L d xa T.L ndi: "Dugc ldm ehu tieh UBND xd Id oai ldm, mgi ngudi phdi ni, di ddu edng ed ngudi chdo hdi, dugc quyit bao nhieu Id viic, rdt nhiiu ngudi phdi din edu egnh, nhd vd...".
Tuy nhidn, quyln lire lk con dao hai lubi, ne'u bilt sur dung thi nd tao ra cho hp "edi dn, edi uy". Ngupe lai, khdng bid't sur dung nd thi nd lai gky ra "edi odn, edi thd". Vi vky, nhk't thilt ngubi LD ndi chung, chu tich UBND xk ndi rieng phai dupe dko tao vl ky nkng LD
"ngM thudt sd dung quyin lue", vk'n dl nay d nudc ta hidn nay cbn bi bd ngo chua dupc coi trpng diing muc.
Vl thi, cd dia phuong chu tich UBND xk lam dpng quyln luc, din din tinh trang cay quyln, cky thiifc hig'p nhkn dkn. Ngupe lai lai cd dia phuong chu tieh UBND xk tilm quyln (thubng lk ngubi dkn tdc thid'u st) din tdi tinh tiang quyln lue bi lung doan, uy quyln d a CO quan quan ly hknh chi'nh bi giam siit.
Nhuvay, quyln luc cd anh hudng dd'n d i uy cua
U X < 3 chu tich UBND xk va thai dp phuc tiing cua QC, CD.
Tim bilu md'i quan he tuong quan Pearson (r) giifa danh gia vl quyln lire va mifc dp uy tin cho thk'y (r = 0,097, p = 0,03 < 0,05) day la md'i quan hd duong, thukn chilu. Dilu nky cd nghia lk, nlu chii tich UBND xk dupc trao nhilu quyln lire vk bid't su dung hpp ly thi se cd anh hudng tfeh cue tdi muc dd uy tin cua hp.
3. Phong cdch ldnh dgo
Phong each lknh dao (PCLD) cua chu tieh UBND xk dupc thi hidn thdng qua each quan he ciia hp vdi cac khach tbl, cung each lkm vide trong qua trinh thuc hidn cac chifc nkng, nhidm vu cua hp d dia phuong. Vdi vung dk't mdi, nang ddng, cd sir dan xen cua nhilu dkn tdc, van hda va nhilu trinh dp san xuk't khac nhau thi vide lira chpn PCLD phu hpp la dilu bd't siic can thie't. Khi dmc hdi vl PCLD cua chu tich UBND xk d Tay Nguydn vk sur phii hpp cua nd vdi tinh hinh thurc tiin hidn nay nhu thi nko. Kit qua cho thk'y, phin Idn cac y kid'n cho rkng, chu tich UBND xk dang sur dung loai PCLD dkn chu lk 47.56%
vk PCLD tur do la 30.42%, PCLD ddc doan la 21.68%.
Tuy nhidn, vl sir phu hpp cua nd thi chi cd 9.44% y kiln dupc hdi cho la rk't phii hpp; 47.73% cho la tuong dd'i phu hpp vk cd tdi 43.34% cho la khdng phii hop.
Dilu nay dupc ly giai: mdt la, cd sir hilu chua diing vl PCLD dkn chii; hai la, cd tbl d dky dang xay ra tinh trang budng long quan ly. Dilu nky dupc tbl hien qua cac chi s i danh gia vl PCLD dkn chu vk PCLD tu do. Nhuvay, cd thi thk'y PCLD cua ehu tich UBND xk d Tky Nguygn hien nay dang cd vk'n dl vk dky chi'nh lk mdt trong nhifng tac nhkn chfnh gky anh hudng tidu cure tdi hidu qua quan ly ndi chung, uy tin cua hp ndi ridng. Su anh hudng cua PCLD dupc tbl hign qua bang 3.
Cd tbl thk'y PCLD cua chu tich UBND xk cd anh hudng manh, tokn dien tdi dbi sd'ng tinh than cua ^C, CD, nhu lk: anh hudng tkm trang ciia QC, CD (X = 2.36, bkc 1), din tinh d m d a QC, CD (X=2.34, bkc 2)
NGHlflN cuu-TRAO DOI
Bang 3. Phong each lanh dao anh hudng den uy tin cua chu tich uy ban nhan dkn xa
sn
1 2 3 4 5 6
Bieu hien
Anh hudng den tkm trang cua QC, CD Anh hi/dng den moi quan he vdi QC, CD Anh hudng den tinh ckm cua QC, CD Anh hudng ddn si/tdn trong cua QC, CD Anh hudng den th^i dp lkm vide cua QC, CD Anh hudng ddn si/ d^nh gia cua QC, CD
DTB 2.36 2.31 2.34 2.30 2.15 2.14
Thuf bkc 1 3 2 4 5 6
IVIdcdd IVIanh Trung binh Manh Trung binh Trung binh Trung binh vk dg'n sur tdn tipng cua QC, CD (X=2.30, bkc 4). Dky
la nhifng co sd quan trpng cua vide xky dung, cung cl uy tin eua chii tich UBND xk. Trong d c quan hd QLHCNN d c khach tbl, nhk't la quin chiing nhkn dkn la nhifng ngubi bi ylu thg', do dd hp rk't nhay cam, hay tur ai vk thubng tur ti, vi thihp di bi td'n thuong. Vi le dd, bk't ky sir sift me nko trong quan he eiing diu ed anh hudng dd'n tkm tu, tinh d m va sur tdn trpng cua hp dd'i vdi chu tich UBND xa. Dky cung la ly do dl QC, CD cho rkng PCLD d a chu tieh UBNDxk cd anh hudng kha manh din md'i quan he cua hp (X = 2.31, bkc 3).
Khdng nhiing tbl, PCLD cua chu tich UBND xk cbn cd anh hudng khdng nho tdi tinh than, thai dp lkm vide cua QC, CD (X=2.15) vk le dl nhidn la anh hudng dg'n sue lam viec eua hp. Vl vk'n dl nky d c nghign cifu eiia A.G. Kdvahdv ciing cho kit qua tuong tur va dng nhkn xet: PCLD cd anh hudng dd'n tkm trang eua d p dudi va xet dd'n d n g lk anh hudng din sue lkm viec d a hp.
Rd rkng vdi ngubi LD cd PCLD dkn chu, cdi md, hba dong, khidm tin, ludn tdn trpng tkp tbl, tdn trpng quan ehiing nhkn dkn thi khdng mdt ly do gi ma QC, CD khdng tdn trpng vk skn skng thuc hidn mpi quyg't dinh ciia bp vk ngupe lai. Trong thue tl, cd khdng ft trubng hpp ngubi dkn khdng chip hknh d c quyd't dinh cua chii tich UBND xk khdng phai vi d c quyg't dinh dd sai trai mk vi hp khdng dong tinh vdi sir quan hdu, hach dich cua ngubi LD. Phong dch LD cua ehu tieh UBND xk cbn anh hudng manh me tdi chk't lupng quan he cua hp vdi mpi ngubi, vdi dulukn xa hdi vl hp. Cho ndn, bk't ky su quan hdu, trinh thupng nao eua chu tieh UBND xk ciing khdng lkm tkng them d i uy cua bp ma trai lai nd chi lam cho QC, CD xa lanh vk coi thubng hp. Chi N.T.L.H, d n bd hdi phu nif xk X.T ndi:
"Ld ngudi cdn bd co sd thi phdi cd phong cdch ldnh dgo ddn chd, qudn chdng, phdi sdu sdt thuc ti, gdn gui vdi nhdn ddn, ldng nghe tdm tutinh cdm cda ngudi ddn, cd
1.<X.<3 nhu vdy, ldnh dgo mdi sdt thuc ti, qudn ehdng nhdn ddn mdi phuc, mdi quy men vd dng hd minh".
Nhu vky, PCLD cua chu tich UBND xk cd anh hudng tdi vide danh gia vl dao due cua chu t i d UBND xk vk nd tac ddng true tid'p tdi tkm tiang, tinh dm, su tdn trpng va thai dp lkm vide d a QC, CD. Khi xem xet md'i quan he tuong quan giifa PCLD vk muc dd uy ti'n cua chu tich UBND xk, chiing tdi nhkn thay cd sir tuong quan dang phai chii y giua d e yd'u tinky. Hd so r = 0.358, p = 0.00 < 0,001 cho thk'y mue dp uy ti'n cd md'i quan he thukn chilu vdi vide sur dung PCLD. Cd nghia lk, nlu chu tich UBND xk bilt sur dung PCLD mdt deb hpp ly thi muc dp uy tin eua hp ckng dupc nkng cao. Nhu vky, viee cung el, tkng cubng sudung PCLD dkn chu khoa hpc cd anh hudng rk't nhilu tdi mifc dp uy tfn cua chu tieh UBND xk.
4. Trinh dd ddn tri
Tky Nguydn lk khu vue cbn dang gap nhilu khd khkn trong sur nghidp phat triln giao due, ty Id ngubi mil ehur vk tai mil chif cbn d mue kha cao. Chi'nh vi tbl, gin nhu tuygt dai da s i d c y kig'n 72.01% dupc hoi danh gia trinh dp dkn tri d Tky Nguydn hign nay la thk'p, 12.71% y kiln dupc hdi cho lk dmifc trung binh (TB) vk chi cd 2.70% eho ring dky la khu vuc ed trinh dp dkn tri eao. Hlu bd't d e ke't qua nghign cifu diu khkng dinh chk't lupng, higu qua boat ddng quan ly xk hdi phu thudc khdng chi vko chk't lupng (phk'm chk't, nkng luc) eua ngubi LD mk cbn phu thudc vko chk't lupng cua nhiing ngubi bi LD. Chk't lupng eua nhung ngubi bi LD cd anh hudng true tilp din viec thuc hien d c quyg't dinh quan ly cua ngubi LD vk vi thind ciing anh hudng din uy tin cua bp (xem bang 4).
Mac dil, trong nhiing nkm vira qua sur nghigp giao due d Tky Nguygn dk ed nhilu tid'n bd, khdi sic. Tuy nhidn, nhin mdt each td'ng thi thi dky vkn lk khu vuc ldm vl trinh dp dkn trf. Sur anh hudng cua trtnh dp
NGHrilN c i r u - T R A O DOI
Bang 4. Trinh dd dan tri anh huong den uy tin cua chu tich uy ban nhan dkn xa STT
1 2 3 4 5
Bieu hien
Anh hudng den vide QC.CD nhkn thi/c, chap hanh
eke ehu trUdng, ehinh skch, ph^p luat cuafiSng va Nha nude Anh hudng den vide QC,CD hilu va chap hknh dung
eke quydt dinh cGa chii tjch UBND xa
Anh hi/dng din viec QC,CD nhan thdfe, vkn dung cdc tiln bd khoa hpe ky thuat vao skn xuat v^ cuoc song Anh hudng din vide QC,CD nhSn thufc v^ phd ph^n c4e bilu hien tieu ci/e, lac hSu trong ddi song xa hdi Anh hudng din vide QC,CD nhSn thu'c v^ phd phkn Ccic thdng tin sai trii, luin didu xuydn tac eua kd x^u
DTB 2.21
2.13
2.23
2.12
2.12
Thi/bac
2 3 1 4 5
Mi/edd
Trung binh
Trung binh
Trung binh
Trung binh
Trung binh
dkn trf tdi uy tin ngubi ehu tich UBND xk dupc bilu hidn trdn nhilu khia canh khac nhau. Trade hit, trinh dp dkn tri ed anh hudng tdi uy tin cua chu tich UBND trdn khia canh nhkn thifc, van dung cac tid'n bd khoa hpc ky thukt vko san xuk't va cudc sd'ng cua hp (X = 2.23, bkc 1). Khi trinh dp nhkn thifc cua ngubi dkn dupc nkng Idn thi hp khdng chi tao dung cho minh mdt khdng gian, mdi trubng sd'ng vkn minh mk d do QC, CD cbn ed kha nang tim kid'm, tid'p thu vk van dung d c tiln bd khoa hpc ky thukt phuc vu cho cudc sd'ng vk san xuk't lkm cho san xuk't dupc phat triln, dbi sd'ng nhkn dkn ngky ckng dupe d i thidn vk nkng cao. Hon thd', trinh dp dkn tri cbn anh hudng dd'n viec ngubi dkn tie'p thu d i mdi, cai tig'n bd, bao ton cac gia tri vkn hda truyin thd'ng vk phe p^an, Idn an, loai bd nhiing tutuong cii ky, lac hku (X = 2.12, bkc 4). Bdi vi, chiing ta khdng tbl bao ton cac gia tri van hda quy gia cua dng cha khi khdng cd sir hilu bidt Cling nhu khdng thi tid'p thu cai mdi, d i tid'n bd ndu khdng cd kid'n thue. Trinh dp dkn tri cbn giiip QC, CD nhkn thue, phkn bidt d i diing vdi d i sai, cai tich cue vdi d i tidu cure, cai dch mang vdi eai phan each mang, qua dd giiip hp cd kha nkng "tu dl khang" vl mat tu tudng vk dk'u tranh khdng khoan nhupng vdi nhifng luong thdng tin sai trai, kich dong, phan ddng cua d c t h i lure thu dich phan ddng (X = 2.12, bkc 5) vdi Tky Nguyen vk'n dl nky lai ckng trd nen can thidt, cd y nghia.
Trdn khia canh hknh vi thi trinh dp dkn tri cd anh hudng tdi vide QC, CD chip hknh diing bay khdng diing, dung hay sai vl cae chu truong chinh sach cua Dang, phap lukt cua Nhk nudc (X = 2.21, bkc 2).
1<X<3 Trong thurc t l dk xay ra khdng it trubng hpp ngubi dkn vi pham phap lukt khdng phai vi hp citinh mk vi bp thig'u hilu bid't, van dl nay lai ckng phi biln dd'i vdi ngubi dkn tdc thid'u sd'. Khdng nhifng thd', ngay d vdi cac chu truong cua dia phuong, quyd't dinh cua chu tich UBND xk hp ciing khdng bid't phai thuc hidn tir dku va bkng each nao. Vi tbl, cdng vide QLHCNN ciia chu tich UBND xk khd mk thuc hidn dupc ndu hp khdng true tilp hudng din "dm tay chi viec'' cho ngubi dkn.
Nhuvay, trinh dp dkn tri cd anh hudng manh me tdi nhkn thiic, thai dp vk hanh vi cua QC, CD dd'i vdi cac vk'n de xk bdi, dubng Id'i, chii truong, chfnh sach, phap lukt cua Dang vk Nhk nudc cung nhu cac quyd't dinh cua ngubi LD. Do dd, trinh dp dkn tri ciing anh hudng tdi uy ti'n ciia chu tich UBND xk. Phkn ti'eh md'i quan he giifa trinh dp dkn tri vdi mifc dp uy tin, chiing tdi tim thk'y md'i tuong quan thukn chilu r = 0.141 cd y nghia thd'ng kd p < 0.05. Dilu nay cho thk'y, trinh dp dkn tri dupc d i thidn, nkng cao se cd anh hudng tich cue dd'n sir danh gia vl mue dp uy tin cua ngubi chu tich UBNDxk.
5. Truyin thdng dia phuang
Truyin thd'ng cd anh budng rk't Idn dd'n sir van ddng, phat triln tap tbl, cua xk hdi, hlu nhu khdng mky ai dam phu nhkn truyin thd'ng vk tu tach minh ra khdi truyin thd'ng. Mac du, trong nhung nam gin dky d Tky Nguydn cd su bie'n ddng manh vl dkn cu, dia gidi hknh chfnh giifa cac dia phuong vk nhilu don vi hknh chinh mdi dupc thknh lap nhung khi dupc hoi vl truyen thd'ng cua dia phuong thi hau bd't cac y kid'n diu cho ring dia phuong minh rk't
NGfflfiNCUU- T R A 0 D 6 I
Bang 5. Truydn thdng cua dia phuong anh huong din uy tin cua chu tich iiy ban nhkn dan xS STT
1 2 3 4
Bieu hidn
Anh hudng ddn tu tudng "mdt gipt miu dko hdn ao nifdc la"
Anh hudng den tlnh cim "ddng hUdng, dja phUdng"
Anh hudng ddn mdi quan he giffa QC, CD vdi ehu tich UBND xa Anh hudng den cdng tie vkn ddng quan chung ciia chu tjch UBND xa
DTB 2.35 2.26 2.12 2.11
Thdbkc 1 2 3 4
Mufc do Manh Trung binh Trung binh Trung binh
giku truyin thd'ng (53.29%) vk giku truyen thd'ng (31.37%), chi cd 15.31% y kig'n eho ring dia phuong ma hp dang sinh sd'ng chua cd nhilu truyin thd'ng.
Vky, truyen thd'ng dia phuong ed anh hudng tdi uy tfn eua chu tieh UBND xk d nhifng khia canh nko?
Bang 5 se tbl bidn vk'n de nky.
Cd tbl ndi, dd'i vdi ngubi Vidt Nam thi tu tudng
"mdtgigt mdu ddo han ao nude la" vin la tutuong chu dao trong dbi sd'ng xk hdi d nudc ta hidn nay.
Chiing ta khdng tbl phu nhkn nhiing ddng gdp cua tu tudng nay trong nhilu linh vuc khac nhau eua dbi sd'ng xk hdi nhu xda ddi, giam ngheo, phat triln giao due va giao due thlhe tre v.v... Tuy nhidn, di liln vdi tutuong nky la tutuong "mgt ngudi ldm quan cd hg dugc nhcf\ vdi tu tudng nay thi sir lua chpn ngubi LD dupc xem trpng d khia canh lpi fch cue bd hp hang nhilu hon khia canh lpi fch chung. Chfnh vi vky, khi dupe hoi vl anh hudng eua tu tudng nay dd'n uy tin cua chutich UBND xk thi dilm trang binh eua chi s i nay la X = 2.35, b a d .
Ciing vdi tu tudng bp hang, dbng tdc thi d Tky Nguydn cbn nd'i Idn tutuong "diaphuong chd nghia", bdi khi ed sur gin giii vl vkn hda, phong tuc, tap quan vk sur ding d m vl hokn d n h thi hp di dkng gan gui vk el kd't lai vdi nhau thknh nhiing nhdm clke't rk't chat. Xet trdn phuong dien cl kg't nhdm thi dky lk nhifng nhdm mang nkng mau sic cua clke't d m xiic, clkd't lpi fch, vi t h i d d c nhom nky diu cd dai didn cua nd vk dupc d c thknh vidn khac trong nhdm ung hd. Qua kd't qua khao sat cua chiing tdi ciing cho thk'y, sur anh hirdng cua ylu tInky dg'n uy ti'n cua ehu tieh UBND xk eiing dupc danh gia la kha manh (X = 2.26, bkc 2).
Chi'nh sur gin gui vl vkn hda, d m xiic, phong tuc, tap quan dk anh hudng dd'n sur di dang hay khd khan, chilu sku trong vide thie't lap d c md'i quan he giiia chu tieh UBND xk vdi QC, CD, dky eung la ylu tied anh hudng tdi uy tin cua ngubi LD. Le dl nhidn, ye'u
1.<X.<3 t l truyin thd'ng ciing anh hudng tdi chk't lupng, hidu qua cdng tac van ddng quin chiing d a chu tich UBND xa (X = 2.11, bkc 4). Tir dky dat ra ydu clu dd'i vdi ngubi chu tich UBND xa d Tky Nguydn khdng nhung phai gidi vl chuyen mdn nghidp vu ma cbn phai am hilu, thdng thao d c nghi li vkn hda, phong tuc, tkp quan truyin thd'ng cua d c dia phuong, dkn tdc.
Nhuvay, yd'u t l truyin thd'ng cd anh huong tdi uy tfn cua chu tich UBND xk trdn phuong dign tinh d m vk sur lura chpn cua QC, CD dd'i vdi chu tich UBND xk. Tim hilu md'i quan he giua ye'u t l truyin thd'ng dia phuong vdi mifc dd uy tin, chiing tdi nhkn thk'y, r = 0.245, p = 0.00 < 0.001. Nhuvay, chu tich UBND xa nao cang phat huy dupc d e gia tri truyin thd'ng thi uy tin cua hp eiing dupe d i thidn theo chilu hudng tfeh cue. Dilu nay eho thay, ehu tich UBND xk nhk't thig't phai lk ngubi am hilu vkn hda, phong tuc tap quan dia phuong va big't phat huy d c gia tri truyin thd'ng dia phuong. Dong thdi, dat ra vk'n dl dko tao d n bd lk ngubi dia phuong, nhk't lk vdi vung sku, viing xa, vung cd nhilu dong bao d e dkn tdc thig'u s i sinh sd'ng lk vide lkm d n thid't, cd ti'nh cap bach hidn nay.
Tdm lai, d e ylu tichu quan va khach quan diu cd anh hudng ft nhilu tdi mue dp uy tin cua chu tich UBND xk. Trong dd, ylu t l PCLD dupc xem lk ylu t l cd anh hudng manh nhk't trong tit d d c ylu tidk de ckp (r = 0.358, p = 0.00 < 0.001). Dilu nay cd nghia la sur thay dd'i cua mifc dd uy tfn cua ehu tieh UBND xa trong boat ddng QLHCNN phu thupc kha Idn vko vide hp sur dung PCLD hpp ly hay khdng hpp ly. Ngoai ra, d c ylu to khac nhu trtnh dd dao tao (r = 0.216, p = 0.00 < 0.001) vk trayin thd'ng dia phuong (r = 0.245, p
= 0.00 < 0.001) eiing la nhifng ylu tied anh hudng kha manh tdi uy tin cua hp. Cbn d c yg'u t l khac sir anh hudng cua nd khdng that nhilu. Tuy nhidn, sur phd'i hpp d a d e ylu tInay lai tao ra tac dpng manh me tdi sur thay dd'i vl uy tin ciia hp.
