CHE DINH THA TU TRl/OfC T H d l HAN CO DIEU KIEN TRONG BO LUAT HINH SlT NAM 2015
Nguyen Van Hircmg T6m tat: Tha tit truac thai han co dieu kien Id che dinh mdi duac quy dinh trong BQ luat Hinh su 2015. Bay Id chi dinh the hien chinh sach nhdn dgo cua Nha nu&c ddi vai ngudi bi ket dn dang phdi chdp hdnh dn phat tu, tao dieu kien cho ho sdm tra ve vdi gia dinh, tdi hod nhdp cong dong. Bai viel Idm ro bdn chat phdp ly. dieu kien dp dung chi dinh nay; tic do gop phdn ndng cao nhan thiic vd dp dung dung ddn trong thuc tien.
Abstract: Provisions permitting a prisoner to be free on condition before the end of his/hers jail sentence are new provisions under the Penal Code of 2015. This is a humanitarian policy of the State for prisoners' returning to their family earlier and re- integrating into community. This article clarifies legal nature, conditions for application of these provisions and then contributes to improving their understanding and enforcement in practice.
T
heo quy djnh cua phdp luat, nguai bi ket an noi chung va nguoi bi ket an phat tii noi rieng co trach nhiem chap hanh toan bp ban an. Tuy nhien, nguoi dang phai chap hanh an phat tii khi dap ung nhiing yeu cau nhat dinh thi co the dugc tha til truac thoi han voi dieu kien nhdt dinh (kem theo) - do la tha tii truoc thai han co dieu kien. Tha tii truoc thoi han co dieu kien la che dinh moi dugc quy djnh trong Bp luat Hinh sir nam 2015 (BLHS 2015)', thi hien chinh sach nhan dao cua Nha nuoc doi vai' TS , Truang Dai hpc Lu3t Ha Noi.
' Day la che djnh da dugc quy dinh trong BLHS ciia nhieu nuoc tren the gioi.
Xem them:
- Cac diSu 6, !0, 11, 13, 14, 15, 18 den 24 Chuong 26; Digu 4 Chuong 34 BLHS Thuy Diin {Ban djch:
Tmimg Dai hpc Luat Ha Npi, Nxb. Cong an nhan dan, Ha N6i, 2010); '
- DiSu 79 BLHS Lien Bang Nga (Ban dich, Truemg Dai h^c Luat Ha Noi, Nxb. Cong an nhan dan. Ha Noi, 2011);
- Tir Dilu 56 den Dieu 58 BLHS Cong hod Lien bang Due (Ban dich: T r u i n g Dai hpc Luat Ha Npi, Nxb.
Cong an nhan dan, Ha Noi, 2011);
nguoi pham toi, cho phep ho som trd v6 v6i gia dinh, tai hoa nhap cong dong, tro thanh nguai CO ich cho xa hpi, nhung dSng thW van bao dam yeu cau giao due, cai tao va ran de nguai pham toi.
I. Theo quy dinh tai Dieu 66 BLHS 2015^, tha til truac thai han co dieu kien dugc hieu la khong buoc nguoi dang chdp hdnh dn phat tii chdp hdnh hinh phat tii con lai bang viec buoc hp phdi chiu thu thdch vd thuc hien cdc nghia vu trong thai gian thu thdch. Dieu kien phap li cua che dinh nay la: nguoi dang phai ch^p hanh an phat tu phai chiu thu thach vai thoi han bing hinh phat til con lai; trong thai gian thii thach ho phai chip hanh day dii cac nghia vu (do phap luat quy dinh); khong co y vi pham nghia vu hoac bj xir phat vi pham hanh chinh qua miic quy dinh cung nhu khong pham toi mdi
- Til Dieu 81 den D i k 86 BLHS cua nu&c Cgng hoa nhdn ddn Trung Hoa (Dmh Bich Ha dich, Nxb. Tu phap Ha Npi, 2007).
Tha til trijoc th6i han co diSu kien d6i vdi nguiri duai 18 Utoi dang chap hanh dn phat tii duac quy dinh tai Di6u 106 BLHS 2015.
CHE Diyn THA TU TRUOC ..
trong thoi gian thir thdch.
Mot so dac diem ciia che dinh tha tii truac thoi han co dieu kien:
- Tha til truac thoi han co dieu kien chi dugc dp dung doi voi nguoi bj k§t dn phat til. Ten gpi ciia che djnh nay da cho thay van de '"tha tii" chi dupe dat ra d6i voi nguoi bj ket an phat tii ma khong dat ra d6i
\a\ nguai bi ket dn vai cac loai hinh phat khdc. Viee tha tii khong chi dat ra d6i voi nguoi bi ket an phat tii co thoi han ma con cd nguoi bj ket an tii chung than dugc giam Nuong thanh tii co thai han.
- Tha til truoc thai han co dieu kien ehi duac dp dung doi voi ngudi dang chdp hdnh hinh phat tu Bai vi. chi nhimg nguoi dang chap hdnh hinh phat tii (dang bj giam gitr, cai tao tai cae trai giam) thi van dc
"tha" til moi duge dat ra
- Tha til "truoc thai han" (co dieu kien).
la khi nguoi bi ket dn chua chap hdnh xong hinh phat tii dugc ghi trong bdn dn. quyet dinh. Nguai hi ket an dugc tha tii "truoc thai han" co nghTa la hg khong phdi chdp hanh hinh phat tii con lai (ciia bdn an) vai cac dieu kien nhat dinh.
- Tha til truac thai han "co dieu kien'' khong phai la "mien chap hanh hinh phat tii con lai quy dinh"'". Boi vi. thong thuong khi noi den "mien" - khong buoc phai chap hanh hoac khong huge phai thuc hien \iec gi do. tlii nguai eo tliam qu>'en dua tren qu;' dinh cua luat de xem xet. cdn nhdc quyet dinh "mien" hay "kliong mien"; khi ddp ung cac \cu cdu nhat djnh \ d dugc "mien" thi chu the khong bj buoc phdi thuc hien viec
do nira ma kliong can kem theo dieu kien nao. Voi tha tii truoc thoi han '"co dieu kien", nguai bj ket an khong phdi chap hanli hinh phat tii eon lai kem theo cac "dieu kien" nhat djnh "thay the" viee tiep tuc chap hanh hinh phat tii. Truong hop vi pham
"dieu kien" thi nguoi dugc "tha tii" se phdi chap hdnh hinh phat tii con lai ciia ban an (ma hg chua chap hanh).
Tha til truac thai han co dieu kien la che dinh the hien chinh sach nhdn dao ciia Nha nuoc. Tuy nhien, "tha tii truac thoi han" khong phdi Id "tha bong", khong phdi Id mien chdp hdnh hinh phat tii con lai. ma id '"mien chap hanh hinh phat tu eon lai co dieu kien". Dieu kien do la: nguai duac iha til truoc thoi han phai chiu thir thach cimg voi viec thuc hien cdc nghTa vu eu the, trong thai gian thir thach khong dugc co \' \ i pham nghTa vu hai Ian tro len hoac khong bj xir phat hanh chinli hai idn tro len, hoac khong dugc pham toi moi trong thai gian thir thach"^. Neu nguai do co >' vi pham nghTa vu hai Ian tro len hoac bj xir phat vi pham hanh chinh hai Ian tro len trong thoi gian thir thach. thi Toa dn co the huy bo quyet dinh tha til truoc thoi han co dilu kien
\d buoc hg phdi chap hdnh phan hinh phat tu con lai chua chap hanh. Truong hop nguoi dugc tha tii truoc then han co di£u kien pham toi moi trong thoi gian thir thach thi Toa an huge nguai do chap hanh hinh phat cua bdn an mai vd tong hop \'ai phdn hinh phat tii chua chdp hanh cua ban dn truoc theo D i k 56 BLHS 2015'. Nhu \ay.
thay \ i phdi iiep tuc chap hdnh hinh phat tii (con lai). nguai dang phdi chdp hdnh an
' Xem Ihem Dicii 62 BLHS 2015 Doi vdt Iruang hop, nguoi bi kel an khi chap hanh duoc mot phan hinh phat dong ihoi thoa m.ln dieu kien nhal dinh.
Toil an CO (he quyet dinh mien chap hanh phan hinh ph.il con Lu m;i khong kem theo bat cu dieu kicn s,\.
Khoan 3 Dieu 66 BLHS 2015 qu\ dinh "Xgitdi duac iha lu iruoc Ihdi lian cd dieu hen pliai Ihia hien cac nghia vu irong ihdi gian dm ihdch "
• \ c m Khoan 4 Di^u 66 BLHS 2015
17
NHA NV6C VA PHAP LU^TSO 6/2016
phat tu "dugc tha" - dupfc tu do cai tao vdi sir giiip do cfia gia ^nh, cua xa h$i vdi thai gian thu thach bSng thdi gian con lai c6a Mnh phat tii vd phai tiiirc hien cac nghia vy trong thai gian thilr thach.
2. D^ chi dinh tha tii truac thai han co dieu kien ph^t huy dugc hieu qua trong thuc tiln ciing nhu dam bdo trdt tu, an todn xS hpi, qua do d^ cao tinh nhan dao cua chi dinh nay can lam ro mdt so ndi dung li€n quan den ch6 dinh, do la:
- Ve thai gian thu thdch cua ngudi duoc tha til tru&c thdi han co dieu Men
Theo quy djnh t^i khoan 3 Dieu 66 BLHS 2015: "Thcei gian thic thdch bdng then gian con lai cua hinh phat tu ", Cau hoi dat ra la, xudt phat tir ca scs nao BLHS quy dinh thai gian thii thach bSng thdi gian con lai ciia hinh phat tii va viec quy dinh thai gian thir thach nhu vay li?u co hpp ly khi che dinh nay dugc ap dung d6i vdi ca ngu6i bi phat "til chung than dd duac giam xuSng til CO thoi hgn "^1 Che dinh an treo (Dilu 65 BLHS 2015) quy dinh chi ap dung d6i vdi nguoi bi "phat til khong qud 03 nam.,.", thai gian thir thach d6i vai an treo la "tic 01 nam den 05 nam", va theo huong dan ciia Toa an nhan dan toi cao thi thai gian thii thach thucmg phai "bang hai Idn muc hinh phat tu"^. So sanh vai chi dinh an treo (vl loai toi, dieu kien de xet cho huang an treo va tha til truac thoi han co di8u kif n) co thi thdy, viec BLHS quy dinh thai gian thur thach cua nguai dugc tha tu truac thoi han CO dilu kien nhu vay la khong hgp ly^ Tuy
^ Xem: DiSm e khoan 1 Dilu 66 BLHS 2015.
' Xem: Muc 6.4 Nghj quyet s6 01/2007/NQ-HDTP ngay 02/10/2007 cua Toa an nhan dan t6i cao hii6ng din ap dung m5t s6 quy dinh cua BLHS.
D|c biet d6i voi truimg hgp bj kSt an ph?it tu chung than hoSc bj phat tfi 30 nam, thd'i gian thii thdch doi vai nguoi dugc tha tii truoc thtjt han c6 diau ki?n
nhidn, dilu do co thi chip nhdn dugc voi quy dinh vl gidm miic hinh phat da tuySn?
(Dieu 63 BLHS 2015)^ trudng hgp nay, ngudi bi kit dn phat tii "da chdp hanh du^c it nhdt Id mot phdn hai mice thoi hcin tii", "dd duac gidm thdi hgn chdp hanh hinh phat til", "da chap hdnh xong hinh phat bS sung la hinh phgt tien, dn phi vd cdc nghia v^ bSi thuong ddn sy:", vd ddp ling day dii cdc dilu ki|n khac dugc quy dinh tai khoan 1 Dilu 66 BLHS 2015'°
- Ve diSu kien xet tha tii truac thai hgn (co diiu Men)
Theo quy dinh tgi Dilu 66 BLHS 2015, nguoi dang chap hanh an phat tu co thi dugc tha tu truac thai hgn khi co du cac di^u kien sau:
a) Pham tgi idn ddm HiSn co nhiing quan diem khdc nhau nhu: "phqm toi idn ddu la Idn ddu bi dua ra xet xic... "; "pham toi Idn ddu ciing la trudng hap Idn ddu bi dua ra xet xic hoac tuy da bi dua ra xet xic nhiSu Idn, nhung truac khi bi dua ra xet xu Idn ncof, niu hdnh vi phgm toi truac do da duac xod dn tich hodc dd hit thdi hieu truy cuu trdch nhi$m hinh su thi vdn duac coi Id pham toi idn ddu"; "pham tdi idn ddu la
trudng hap mpt nguoi thi^c hi$n mot hogc mgt so hdnh vi phgm t0i nhung chua bi xic ly hodc chua bi xet xu Idn nao, Idn dua ra xet xic nay la Idn ddu tiin "; "phgm toi Idn ddu la tic trudc tdi nay chua phgm tQi lin nao... da bi kit dn chua duac xod dn hogc da dugc xod dn, hogc dd hit thai hieu trt^
trong tnrimg hgp n^y c6 thi din 15 nam. Thdi gian thijr thdch dai nhu vSy, ca quan c6 th^m quySn sg tit kh6 trong vi|c dim bao gidm sdt ch$t chS vd gido due thudng xuygn d6i v6i ngudi phgm t^i.
'Xem: Dieu 63 BLHS 2015.
'" o6i vdi ngudi dirdi 18 tu6i dang chip hdnh dn phgt tu, cdc di^u ki^n ndy dugc quy djnh tiii khodn 1 D i k 106 BLHS 2015.
CHt BINH THA TO TRtfCfC...
CUU trdch nhiim hinh s^ thi idn phgm tqi m&i n ^ vdn khong dugc coi la phgm tpi idn ddu"^'. Theo Thfing tu,s6 02/TTLN ngdy 01/8/1986 cua BO .N^i vy (najr Id Bo Cong a^, Bo Tu phdp, Toa an nhan dan t6i cao, Vi?n kilm sdt nhan ddn t^i cao vl vi$c xoa dn, thi trong so cac tinh tilt dugc hu6ng ddn ep tinh tiet "phgm toi mai". Theo 66 "tdi moi phdi dugc xdc dinh bdng mqt bdn dn hinh su dd CO hi$u l^c phdp lugt"'^. Vl vay, trudng hgp "pham tgi Ian ddu" dugc noi din o ddy ciing phdi liilu la Idn ddu bi xet xii vd kit an vl mot toi nao d6. Sau khi chip hanh hinh phat tCi dugc mot thai gian nlidt dinh vd thoa man nhung dilu kien khdc theo quy dinh cua BLHS, thi nguai dang chdp hanh an phat tii CO the dugc Toa dn xem x^, quylt dinh tlm tii truoc thoi h?n co ^ l u ki?n.
b) Co nhieu tien bo, co y thuc cai tgo tdt: nguoi dang chip hanh an phat tii phai chip hanh ddy dii noi quy, quy chi ciia trai giam, tr^ tam giam; tich cue hpc tdp, lap dpng; trong qua, trinh chip hanh hinh phat tii dugc xip loai cai tao tur ioai khd tro len... '^.
c) Dd dugc gidm thai hgn chdp hdnh hinh phgt tii doi vdi nguoi bi kit dn ve tQi phgm nghiem trgng tra lin: Dilu kien nay doi hoi nguoi dang chip hdnh dn phat tu da chap hanh hinh phat tii dugc mOt thoi gian nhat dinh va dugc xet gidm tiidi han chip hanh hinh phgt tii tii mot Idn trd ISn; d6ng thoi, nguai dang chap hanh dn phat tii phdi Id nguoi bi ket an ve tgi pham nghiem trong tra len. Doi vdi nhiing nguoi dang chip hanh an phat tu nhimg chi bi kit an vl tpi
Xem thSm: Dinh Vdn Que, Ve tinh tiet giam nhe
"pham toi Idn ddu va thuge truang h(fp It nghiem trong", tai dia chi; http://phamlaw.com/ve-tinh-tiet- giam-nhe-pham-toi-Jan-dau-va-thuoc-truong-hop-it- nghiem-trong-htmi, truy cap ngay 15/5/2016.
" Xem them: Thdng tu s6 02/TTLN ngdy 01/8/1986.
" Xem tham: Lu§t D$c xd ndm 2007.
pham ft nghiSm trong thi van dl tha tt tru6c thdi hgn c6 £@u kiSn khdng dugc dat ra.
(^ Co noi cu tru ro rang: Ngudi dang chip hdnh dn phat tii phdi c6 noi thudng tni hoac noi tgm tni"*, la ch§ d ligp phdp md ngudi do thudng xuyen sinh s6ng, CQ dia chi r5 rdng, cu the. Dieu nay liSn quan din vi§c Tea an giao ngudi dugc tha tii truoc tlidi han cho co quan, td chuc gidm sat, giao diic.
d) Ba chdp hdnh xong hinh phgt bS sung la hinh phgt tien, dn phi vd cdc nghia vu boi thudng ddn su: Dilu nay khong chi the hiSn f thtirc chip hanh ban an ciia ngudi phgm t6i md con thi hiSn sir dn nan, hii cai, s\r tich cue khdc phuc hdu qua cua nguoi phgm t0i.
e) Dd chdp hdnh dugc it nhdt la mot phdn hai mUc then hgn tu ddi vai hinh phgt tii
CO thdi hgn hodc it nhdt 15 ndm ddi vdi tii chung thdn da duac gidm xuSng tii co thdi hgn".
Trudng hgp ngudi phgm toi la thucmg binh, b$nh binh, thdn nhdn gia dinh Hit sy, gia dinh co cong vdi cdch mgng, ngudi du 70 tuSi tra len, ngudi Miuyit tgt nang hogc khuyit tdt dgc bi$t nang, phu nic dang nudi con duai 36 thdng tudi, thi thai gian dd chdp hdnh it nhdt Id mot phdn ba hinh phgt til CO thdi hgn hogc it nhdt 12 ndm ddi vdi til chung thdn dd dugc gidm xuSng tii cd thdi hgn.
g) Khong thuoc mot trong cdc trudng hgp phgm tgi quy dfnh tgi khodn 2 Diiu ndy: Do Id cdc trudng hgp:
'•* Xem thfim: Dilu 12 Lu$t Cu tni ndm 2006.
'^ Quy dinh ndy co s\r bdt hgp ly gifta trudng hgp bj phat til chung than vd trudng hgp bj phat 30 ndm tii.
Theo quy dinh ciia DiSu ndy thi miic t6i thilu cua hinh phat ma ngudi bj k^t dn tCi chung thdn vd ngudi bi k i t an 30 ndm tii phai c h i p hanh Id tuong ducmg nhau dSu Id 15 ndm tii.
19
NHA Nlf&C VA PHAPLUATSO 6/2016
+ N^di bi kit dn vi tgi xdm phgm an ninh qu6c gia; toi khung bo; tpi phd hogi hdn binh, chdng loai ngudi vd t0i phgm chiin tranh hogc ngudi bf kit dntic 10 nam tii tr& l%n ddi vdi toi c6 y xdm phgm tinh mgng, sue khoe, nhdn pham ciia con ngudi;
07 nam tii tra len ddi vai cdc tQi cudp tdi sdn, bdt cdc nhdm chiim dogt tdi sdn vd sdn xuat trai phep, mua bdn trai phep, chiem dogt chat ma tuy.
Ddy Id trudng hgp ngudi phgm t^i th\rc hiSn cdc tpi phgm the hiSn tu tuong ch6ng doi hodc ban chdt hung han, tham lam, vu Igi ciia ngudi pham t^i. Viec tha tii sdm (trudc thdi hgn) khi hg chua c6 du thdi gian ren luySn, chua du thdi gian dl thay dii thi CO thS gdy nguy hiem cho xa h0i.
+ Ngudi bi kitdntu hinh dugc dn gidm hodc thuoc trudng hgp quy dinh tgi khodn 3 Diiu 40 BLHS 2015'^: Day Id nhOng trudng hgp ngudi phgm tpi da mpt Idn dugc hudng chinh sach nhan dao. Dilu ndy ddm bdo s\r c6ng bang trong viec xii ly d6i vdi ngudi pham t6i.
Vi nghia vu md ngudi dugc tha tit trudc thai hgn co diiu Men phdi thuc hien trong thdi gian thu thdch vd hau qud phdp ly ciia viec ngudi do vi phgm nghia vu hodc phgm tQi mai
Theo quy dinh tai khoan 3 Dilu 66 BLHS 2015: ...Ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi hgn co dieu kien phdi thuc hi$n cdc
'^ Khodn 3 Dilu 40 BLHS 2015 quy djnh: "Khdng thi hanh an tir hinh ddi v&i ngudi bf kit an niu thuge mot irong cac Iruang hgp sau day: a) Phu nu co thai hogc phu nu dang nudi con du&i 36 thdng tudi; b) N^uai du 75 tudi tro len: c) Nguai bi kit dn lu hinh ve tgi tham 6 tai sdn, toi nhan hoi Ig ma sau khi bj kel an da chu dgng nop lai it nhdt ba phdn lu idi sdn tham 6, nhgn hoi Id vd hap tac tich cue v&i ca quan chuc nang trong viec phdt hien, diiu Ira. xii ly tgi phgm hogc lap cdng Ian ".
nghXa VI/ trong thdi gian thic thdch...". Tuy nMSn, Dieu 66 cimg nhu trong toan b$
BLHS 2015 diu khdng c6 dilu khodn ndo quy dinh cu thi "nghia v\i" ciia ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi hgn phdi thuc iii$n; trong khi dd, tgi Dilu 65 BLHS 2015 co quy dinh v6 dn treo: "... Tda dn cho hudng dn treo vd dn dinh thdi gian thic thdch tic 01 ndm den 05 ndm vd thtfc hi$n cdc nghTa vu trong thoi gian thit thdch theo quy Mnh ciia Luat Thi hdnh dn kinh sif"''. Ludt Thi hanh an hinh su ndm 2010, tai Dilu 64 quy dinh ve cac nghia vy trong thdi gian tiiii thach c ^ ngudi dugc hudng an treo md khong CO quy djnh cho trudng hgp dugc tha tii trudc thdi han cd dilu kien. Vi vay, dk dam bdo tinh khd thi ciia cM dinh tha til trudc thdi han cd dieu ki$n, Luat Thi hdnh an hinh su ndm 2010 cdn sdm dugc sura ddi, bd sung quy dinh ve nghia v\i ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi hgn phdi thuc lii$n trong thdi gian thir thdch. NIU cdc nghia vu ciia ngudi dugc tha tCi trudc thdi ban co dilu kien tuong tu cdc nghia vu trong thdi gian thu thdch cua ngudi dugc hudng dn treo, thi Dilu 66 BLHS 2015 ciing cdn dugc bd sung quy dinh mang tinh chi dan la: "... ngudi dugc tha til trudc thdi han cd diiu ld?n phdi thuc hien cdc nghia vu trong tlm gian thu thdch tuang t\c ngudi dugc hudng dn treo vd dugc quy dinh tgi Diiu 64 Luat Thi hdnh dn hinh su"'^.
^^ Xem: Dilu 64 Lu$t Thi hdnh dn hinh sy ndm 2010.
Chiing toi cho rdng, nghTa vy md ngudi dugc tha td tniac thdi han c6 dieu ki?n phai thuc hian Uong thdi gian thu thdch cung tucmg t\r nghTa vu ngudi duge huong dn treo. Bdi vi, hai trudng hgp ndy c6 nhiiu dilm chung d6 Id ngudi ph^m t^i dIu dugc t u do cdi tao vdi syr giiip dd cua gia dinh vd xa hOi; chju S?
gidm sat gido dye cua c o quan c6 thdm quyIn; phdi bao cao djnh ky (03 thdng mgt 1^) v l qud trinh tSi tao, gido due vd vi^c thirc hi$n cdc nghTa vy... nan cdc nghTa vy d6i vdi cd hai d6i tugng nay dIu gim
CHt 0Jim THATtTRV&C...
Ve hau qua phap ly, theo quy dinh tgi khoan 4 Dieu 66 BLHS 2015; "Ngudi dugc tha til trudc thdi han cd diiu Men c6 y vi phgm nghTa vu 02 Idn trd len hogc h\ xu phgt vi phgm hdnh chinh 02 idn tra ISn
trong thcei gian th& th4ch, thi Toa dn cd thi Awv bo qi^et dinh tha tii truac thdi hgn co dieu Min ddi vdi nguai do va buoc Iw phdi chdp hdnh phdn hinh phgt tii cdn lai chua ch^hdnh.
Neu ngudi do thi/cc hien hdnh vi phgm toi mai tfong then gian thu thdch thi Tda dn budc ngudi do chdp hdnh hinh phgt cua bdn dn, mai vd tong hgp vai phdn hinh phgt til chua ch^ hdnh cua bdn dn truac theo qiiy
^01 tgi Dieu 56 cua Bo ludt «ay ".
'*'" Nhu vgy, trong thdi gian thii thdch, ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi han co dilu ki6n vi phgm ngtua vu cd ba trudng hgp sau:
- Mgt la, ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi iian CO diSu kien cd y vi phgm nghia vu hai lin trd len trong thdi gian thu thdch. Thuc hien cac nghia vu Id yeu cdu bdt buOc ddi vdi i^udi dugc tha tii trudc thdi han co £^eu kien, ddng thdi qua dd the hien su hoi cdi, klid ndng tu cdi tao, tien bd ciia ngudi pham tdi. Vi vdy, vi$c hg cd y vi pham nghia vu hai Idn trd len nhu: khdng thuc hien nghia VII cdng dan; khdng co mgt theo yeu cau cua Uy ban nhan ddn cdp xd dugc giao giam sat, gido due; khdng ndp bdn tu nligu xet ve viec chip hdnh phap ludt cho ngudi tr^c tilp gidm sdt, gido due theo quy dinh... the hien 04 lo^i nhu quy dinh t^i DiSu 64 Lu£it Thi hdnh dn hinh s\r ndm 2010. Ben canh d6, nghTa vy ciia ngudi b| ^ dung tiinh ph^t cai t^o khdng giam giit' cung cd quy dinh gidng nhu nghTa vy md ngudi dugc hudng in treo phai thuc hien vd chi cd thSm n$i dung Id:
"...ngp phan thu nhgp bi khdu trii theo bdn dn cua Toa dn", (Xem: Dilu 75 Ludt Thi hdnh dn hinh su ndm 2010).
y thijtc cdi tao khdng tdt TUytrudng hop cu thi Toa dn co tiie h^y bd quyet djnh tha tii trudc thdi lian cd dieu kien ddi vdi ngudi dd va huge hg phdi chip hdnh phdn hinh phat tii cdn Igi chua chip hdnh.
- Hai la, ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi hgn cd dilu kien bj xii phat vi pham hdhh chinh hai Idn trd len, trong thdi gian thu- tfadch'^. Tuong tu trudng hgp tr6n, ngudi dugc tha tii tnrorc thdi hgn co dieu kien phai clilp hdnh nghidm chinh phs^ lugt. Neu hg vi phgm phap luat va bi xii phat vi pham hdnh chinh hai Idn trd Idn trong thdi gian thii thdch, Tda dn c6 thi hiiy bd quyet dinh tha tii trudc thdi lian cd dieu kidn ddi vdi ngudi do va budc hp phdi chdp hdnh phdn liinh phgt tii chua chdp hanh con Igi.
- Ba Id, ngudi dugc tha tii trudc thdi ban cd dieu k i ^ thuc Men hanh vi pham tdi mdi trong thdi gian thu thdch thi Tda an budc ngudi do chip hdnh liinh phat ciia bdn dn mdi va tdng hgp vdi plidu hinh phat tii chua chap hanh cua ban an trudc (theo quy d ^ tgi Dilu 56 BLHS 2015). Tuy nhidn,
"foi" mdi" trong trudng hgp nay cung phai dugc xdc ^nh bdng mdt bdn dn hinh su da cd hieu luc phdp luat" .
'' Theo quy dinh tEU dilm e khodn 1 Dilu 66 BLHS 2015, d6i vdi trudng hop ngudi bi kit dn phat tii cfaung thdn hodc bJ ph^t ttx 30 i^m, th) didi gian thu thach cd the den 15 ndm. Trong suot 15 ndm Sy, ctii cdn ngudi du^rc tha tii trudc thdi han c6 •§ vi pham n^Ta vu hai Idn trd len hodc bj xu ph^t vi pham hdnh chinh hai Ian trd len, thi Tda dn cd thi hdy bo quyit djnh tha tii tru&c thdi hgn co dieu kien ddi v&i ngudi do vd huge hg phdi chdp hanh phdn hinh phgt tit cdn Igi chua chdp hdnh (khodn 4 Biiu 66 BLHS 2015).
Quy dinh nay khd khd thi trong thgc tiln, ddng thdi c6 thi gdy hkt Igi rdt Idn ddi vdi ngudi bi kit dn vd dugc tha tii trudc thdi han c6 dilu kien.
^ Xem them: Thdng tu so 02/TTLN ngdy 01/8/1986.
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