C A C QUY DINH VE TOI PHAM TRONG LINH ViSC NGAN HANG CUA BO LUAT HINH SlT HIEN HANH
VA MOT SO KIEN NGHI HOAN THIEN
Phung Thi Thu Hwdng*
Tom tit: Qua phdn tich thuc trgng cdc quy dinh vi tgi phgm trong linh vuc ngdn hdng ciia Bg lugt Hinh su hien hdnh, bdi viit chi ra mdt sd bdt cap, hgn che, tic do dua ra cdc kien nghi hodn thien.
Abstract: By analysing provisions on crimes in the banking sector in the current Penal Code, the article points out shortcomings. It then makes some proposals to improve relevant laws and regulations.
1. Thuc trang cac quy dinh ve tpi ph^m trong ITnh vuc ngan hang cua Bo luat Hinh su hifn hanh
Dilu 179, Bd lugt Hinh sy 1999 (siia ddi, bd sung ndm 2009) quy djnh vd Tdi vi phgm quy dinh vd cho vay trong hoat dgng ciia cdc td chiic tin dung nhu sau: 1) Ngudi ndo ttong hoat dgng tin dyng md cd mgt trong cdc hanh vi: cho vay khdng cd bao dam ttdi quy djnh eua phdp ludt; eho vay qua gidi han quy dinh; hanh vi khac vi phgm quy dinh cua phdp lugt vl cho vay ttong hogt ddng tin dung gdy hau qud nghidm ttgng, tiii bi phat tiln tir mudi ttidu ddng ddn nam muoi trieu ddng hogc phgt tii tir mdt ndm ddn bdy ndm. 2) Phgm tdi gay hau qua rlt nghiem trgng thi bi phgt hi tir nam nam ddn mudi hai nam. Phgm tdi gay hau qud ddc biet nghidm trpng tiii hi phgt tii tir mudi nam din hai muoi ndm. Ben canh dd ngudi pham tgi cdn cd thd bi cam dam nhidm chiie vu. elm hanh nghd hodc lam cdng vide lidn quan den hoat ddng tin dyng tir mdt ndm din ndm nam.
Vl quy dinh tgi Didu luat ndy can 1dm sang td cdjz van d& sau:
Thic nhdt, vi hdnh vi cho vay khdng cd tdi sdn bdo ddm trdi quy dinh phdp ludt.
Hidn nay, van bdn cd gia tti cao nhat vd giao dich bao ddm la Nghi dinh sd 163/2006/ND-CP ngay 29/12/2006 cua Chinh phu vd Nghi dinh sd 11/20I2/ND-CP ngay 22/2/2012 vl sua ddi, bd sung mpt sd dilu cua Nghi dinh sd 163/2006/ND-CP.
Tuy nhidn, cdc Nghi dinh ndy khdng cd quy dinh ey thd vd vide cho vay khdng ed bdo ddm bang tdi san. Mdt sd van bdn ve nghidp vu ciia Ngan hang Nhd nudc va cae chii the cd tham quydn khac ed quy dinh vd cho vay ed bdo dam hoac khdng cd bdo ddm cua cac td chiie ti'n dung', nhung cung chi d miic
• NCS., Khoa Lu^t, D?i hpc quIc gia Hi Ngi.
' Cong vin sd 34/CV-NHNNl ciia Ngan hang Nha nuoc ngay 7/01/2000 ve cho vay khong c6 bao dam bing tat sin doi vdi cin bd cdng nhan vien vi thu ng tii tiln luong, trg cap va cic khoan thu nhap khic.
Hay gin diy nhit, ngay 24/7/2014, Ngan hang Nha nudc da ban hinh vin ban sd 5342/NHNN- TTGSNH yeu cau cic td chiic tin d^ng, chi nhinh ngan hang nudc ngoai trien khai Chi thi 11/CT-TTg cua Thii tudng Chinh phii. TTieo dd, Ngan hang Nha nudc de nghi cic td chiic tin dung, chi nhanh ngan hing nirdc ngoai trien khai thyc hi|n mpt s6 giii
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\H.4 M(JC \A PHAP Ll.AT SO 8^015
qu> dinh chung chung, khai quat, khdng cy thd. Do \a>. da sd eac quy dinh cy did vd cho vay khdng cd bdo ddm duge ghi nhan ttong cdc Quy ehl rieng ciia mdi td chiie tin dyng, va quy dinh ciia mdi td chiic tin dyng
\ l vin dl ndy Id khdng gidng nhau. Hon nira, \ l mat I\ tiiuylt, Quy ehl rieng cua moi td chiic tin dung khdng phai id van ban phdp ludt va khong the Id can cii di bupc tpi vl mat hinh sy.
Thu hai, vi hdnh vi cho vay qud gidi hgn quy dinh. Thi ndo Id "qua gidi hgn quy dinh" eung Id vin d l gay ra nhidu y kiln ttanh edi. Hidn nay, cd ba trudng hgp quy dinh ve gidi han gdm:
- Gidi hgn thu nhdt. Id tdng du ng cho vay doi vdi mdt khdch hang. Theo quy dinh tgi Quylt dinh sd 1627/200I/QD-NHNN ngdy 31/12/2001 ciia Ngan hdng Nhd nudc vl vide ban hanh quy chd cho vay eua td chiic tin dung ddi vdi khach hang, tdng du ng cho vay ddi vdi mgt khaeh hang khdng duge vugt qud 15% vdn ty ed eua td ehiic tin dyng. Ludt Cdc td chiic tin dung ndm 2010 ciing quy dinh tdng miic du ng cap tin dyng ddi vdi mdt khdch hang khdng duge vugt qua 15% vdn ty ed eiia ngan hang , tuy nhien, ed bd sung them neu tinh ea hgn miie cho ngudi ed lien quan tlii khdng duge vugt qud 25% vdn tu cd ciia Ngan hang thuang mai, tham ehi, ttong mpt sd trudng hgp ddc
phip, bao gdm: chu dpng ti6p can vdi khich hing cd nhu cau vay vdn; t5ng cuong kha ning cho vay khdng CO bio dam bing tai sin; dem gian hda thu tyc cho vay, co cau lai cac khoin vay cd 131 suit cao trudc day; hoan thi|n he thing xep hang tin dung npi bp; day manh ca ciu lai cac cdng ty con l i cdng ty cho thue tai chinh...
" Vdn tu cd cung dugc Luit niy giii thich gdm: gii trj thuc ciia vdn dieu le ciia td chuc tin dyng hoic
\m dugc cap cua chi nhanh ngan hing nudc ngoii va cic quy du tril. mpt sd tii sin ng khic theo quy dinh cua Ngan hang Nha nudc.
biet, dugc sy ddng y eiia Thu tudng Chinh phii, ede Ngan hdng thuong mgi ed thd dupc cdp vugt han miic tin dyng^.
- Gicn hgn thir hai. Id hgn miic ma Phdng giao dich thugc Ngdn hang thuong mgi dugc thyc hien. Theo quy dinh t^
Quylt dinh sd 13/2008/QD-NHNN cua Ngan hang Nhd nudc ve vide ban hdnh (Juy dinh vd mang ludi hoat ddng ciia Ngdn hang thuong mai (nay dugc thay bang Thdng tu sd 21/20I3/TT-NHNN cua Ngan hdng Nha nudc Viet Nam), Phdng giao dich khong dugc cap tin dung eho mdt khdch hdng vupt qua hai ty ddng Viet Nam hoac ngogi td quy ddi tuong duong .
- Giai hgn thic ba, la gidi hgn cho vay ttdn gid tri tdi sdn bdo dam. Muc gidi han nay tuy thupc vao Quy chd ridng ciia moi ngdn hang quy dinh.
Thuc tidn cho thdy, gidi hgn mgt va gidi hgn hai rat it gap ttong cac vu dn hinh sy, vi chu thd thyc hidn thudng la to chiic (khong phdi Id chii the cua quan he phdp lugt hmh su) ndn khdng the truy cuu ttdch nhidm hinh su. Ddi vdi Iogi gidi hgn thu ba, dugc an dinh bdi Quy che ridng cua ngdn hang, ma Quy ehe ciia eac ngan hdng khdng phai la van ban quy phgm phap luat. Do vdy, khong thd dp dung trdch nhidm hinh sy can cii theo Quy chd ndi bd ciia ede ngdn hang*.
^ Xem bii: Nhieu ngan hang Idn dugc cip tin dyng vugt gidi han, Hd Thu. Ngudn: http://www.
stockbiz. vn/News/2014/3/H/455 592/nhieu-ngan- hang-Ion-duoc-cap-tin-dung-vuot-gioi-han.aspx.
'' Phdng giao dich khong dugc cap tin dyng cho m$t khich hing vugt q u i hai ty ddng Vift Nam hojc ngoai t? quy doi tuong duong, trii trudng hgp khoin cip tin dung dugc dam bao toin bp bing tien, the tin kiem, giiy td cd gia do chinh NgSn hing thucmg m^i phit hinh, trii philu Chinh phii, tin phieu kho bac nha nudc.
^ Luat phii dugc hilu diing l i neu trii vdi cic quy dinh phap luat thi mdi bi xu phat. Trong trudng h?p
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CAC QUY BINH VET0IPH4M...
Thic ba, vi hdnh vi khdc vl phgm quy dinh ciia phdp ludt vi cho vay trong hogt ddng tin diing. Cho din nay, hudng ddn vl hdnh vi vi phgm ede quy dinh vd eho vay ttong hogt dpng tin dyng van cdn chua ro rang. Thue te cho thdy, hanh vi vi pham cac quy dinh vd cho vay thd hien d nhiing dgng nhu: cho vay uu dai sai ddi tugng; thyc hien khong diing miic tidn cho vay trdn gia tri tai sdn the chap, hay nhan cam cd thd chip tdi san eho vay khdng dttng quy dinh ciia Ngdn hang Nha nudc; thdm dinh hd so cho vay khdng chinh xac hogc ttdi thdm quyln; thim tta vd dinh gid tai san bao dam khdng diing, khdng chinh xac^; thuc hidn vide thdm dinh hd so cho vay, danh gia, dinh gia tai san bdo dam khdng tuan thu theo quy ttinh md td chiic tin dung dua ra... Vide chua quy dinh cy thd vd cac hanh vi ndy ttong phdp Iuat ciing gay khd khan cho qud trinh dinh tpi.
Theo quy dmh eua Bd Iuat Hinh sy hipn hdnh, ngudi cd tiidm quydn thye hidn mdt ttong ba hanh vi vi phgm phdp ludt ttdn chi cd thi hi truy ciiu khi gdy hgu qud nghiem ttgng. Hidn nay, vdn chua cd vdn ban phdp ludt ndo hudng dan ey thd thd nao la "gay hau qud nghidm ttgng" ttong trudng hgp ndy.
Thir tu, nhu chung ta da bilt, ttdn thyc tl thiet hai xdy ra do tdi phgm nay thudng
muln budc tgi ai dd thi cic ca quan tiln hinh td tyng cin phii chi ra mgt each rd ring ngudi do vi p h ^ dilu nao, khoan nio, luat nio. chir khdng the quy ket ph^m tOi chi vi vi pham quy dinh n0i bp cua mgt doanh nghiep. Diy li quan h§ din su vi trong trudng hgp niy, phip nhin chi cd thfi bj xii ly ky Iuat,^buOc thdi vifc... vi yeu ciu bii thudng din sy neu cd thi^t h?ii.
* Thyc tl ho9t dOng ngin hing nhiing nim gua cho thiy nhilu ngudi di mdc nli vdi nhSn vien tham dinh ngiii hing djnh gii tii sin dim bio cao hon so vdi gii trj thyc dl ngin hing cho vay nhieu hon, th§m chf cao hon nhilu lin so vdi gii trj thyc ciia tii sin, din tdi ngirdi vay khong du khi ning tri ng hay c6 tinh khdng tri no dl ngin hing xir 1}^ tii sin bio dim.
rdt Idn, ttong khi do khung hinh phgt dp dyng voi tdi danh nay nhu quy dinh hien nay Id thap, chua thd hidn dugc tinh ran de vdi hanh vi pham tpi.
Thic ndm, theo quy dinh ciia Bd luat Hinh su hidn hdnh, cdc ca nhan cd thdm quyen cua td ehiic tm dyng nhd nudc, cua tu nhan hay nude ngodi ddu cd the bi truy ciiu trach nhidm hinh su vd tgi pham nay. Van dd ndm d chd, td chiic tin dyng cua nha nudc dimg tai sdn thugc sd huu nha nudc dd kinh doanh, nlu ttong qua trinh thuc hien eho vay gay hgu qud nghidm ttgng nhu mat khd ndng chi trd, ddn din vide giai the hoac phd san td chiic tt'n dung, thi ngudi ed trdch nhidm ttong vipc quyet dinh sir dyng vdn td chiic tin dyng cua nhd nudc phdi chju trdch nhipm hinh sy la hgp Iy. Tuy nhidn, ttong trudng hgp td chiie tin dyng la cua tu nhdn md ngudi diing dau la chii sd hihi, cd hanh vi vi pham phap luat nhu trdn cung phai chiu traeh nhipm hinh sy la mgt van de can phdi bdn them.
Thic sdu, tir khi tidn hdnh su nghidp ddi mdi, nhd nudc ta da ban hanh nhidu chinh sdch, phap Iuat didu chinh vl hogt dpng cua cae td chuc tin dung ngdn hdng ciing nhu phi ngdn hdng. Ngoai cac td chiie tin dyng ngan hdng eua nhd nudc, chiing ta cdn cho phep eae ngan hdng thuong mai cd phin vd ngan hdng nudc ngodi dugc thdnh lap vd hoat dgng tai Vipt Nam. Thuc chit ngan hdng Cling Id mpt doanh r^hidp, ciing tidn hanh cac hoat dgng kinh doanh dh thu Igi nhuan. Dd thuc hien mye tidu nay, ngan hang tidn hdnh rlt nhidu hoat dgng khdng chi trong huy dgng v6n vd eho vay ma con Idm cdc dich vy ngan hang khdc nhu dlu tu, bdo lanh thanh toan, md the, dich vu chuydn tien, doi ngoai td,... Cac hoat ddng nay cung deu cd nguy co vi phgm phdp ludt, gdy thiet hai cho nhilu chu thd. Tuy nhidn. Eg Iuat 73
NH4 \T^dC v.\ PHAPLV^TSd 8/2015
Hinh sy hien hdnh mdi chi cd mgt didu ludt quy dinh \ I xir ly vi phgm \e cho vay ttong hoat ddng cua cac td chiic tm dyng Id khodng ttdng phjqs ly rdt Idn can phai dugc hodn thien.
Ngodi Dilu 179 ndi ttdn, Bd ludt Hmh sy hien hdnh ciing qu\ dinh mdt sd tpi danh lien quan din tdi phgm kinh td, ngan hang, nhu: Tdi lira ddo chidm doat tai sdn, Tdi thidu trdch nhidm gdy hgu qud nghidm trpng, Tpi cd y lam trai quy dinh Nhd nude, Tgi cho vay ndng lai... Tuy nhien, mgt sd dilu khoan ehua dugc quy dinh ro rdng. Vi dy; Didu 285 quy dinh ve Tdi thieu trdch nhidm gdy hau qud nghidm trgng nhung khdng ehi rd thd ndo la thidu trach nhiem va thidu trdch nhidm ve vdn dd gi. Didu nay ddn den tinh trang ndu ngdn hang cd thidt hai, sau khi rd soat phdt hidn khdu ndo sai sdt thi cdn bd se bi quy kdt la thidu trach nhidm. Tuong ty, Dieu 165 quy dinh vd Tdi cd y lam trai cac quy dinh nhd nude vl quan ly kinh te gdy hgu qua nghiem ttgng ciing khdng chi rd Id 1dm trdi cae quy dinh ndo, dan ddn tinh trang kdt tdi cd the mang tinh chii quan. Hay Dilu 163 quy dinh vl Tgi cho vay nang lai: ngudi ndo cho vay vdi miic tdi suat cao hon miic Idi sudt cao nhdt ma phdp ludt quy dinh tir mudi lan ttd Idn cd tinh chdt chuydn bde lot, thi hi phgt tiln tir mdt lan ddn mudi Idn sd tiln lai hogc phgt cdi tao khdng giam giu den mdt nam.
Pham tpi thu lgi bit ehinh Idn thi bi phat tii tir 6 thdng ddn 3 nam. Ngudi phgm tdi cdn cd the bi phgt tidn tii 1 din 5 lln sd Igi bit chinh, cam ddm nhiem chiie vu, elm hdnh nghe hodc lam edng vide nhlt dinh tir mgt ndm ddn nam nam. Tuy nhidn, eho din nay van chua cd vdn ban hudng dan cu thd thd ndo ta cd tinh chdt chuyen bde lot va hudng lgi bat chinh bao nhidu thi hi coi la Idn dd CO the khdi td vd Tgi cho vay nang lai... Vd 74
Tdi kinh doanh trai phep, theo Didu 159, 3 hanh vi dugc eoi la kinh doanh trai phep gdm: kinh doanh khdng co ddng ky kinh doanh; kinh doanh khong dung vdi ngi da^
da ddng ky; kinh doanh khong co gidy phep.
Ciing theo quy dinh tai Dieu nay, ehi coi li pham tdi kinh doanh trdi phep trong cac truong hgp: thic nhdt, da thyc hien mgt trong ba hanh vi khdch quan ndu tren vdi s6 lugng hdng hod cd gia tri tir mgt trdm tripu ddng ddn dudi ba tram trieu ddng; thi/ hai, da bi xu phat hanh chinh vd hdnh vi kinh doanh trai phep. Day la trudng hgp ngudi pham tpi trudc dd da kinh doanh trdi phep hang hod cd gia tri dudi mdt trdm tripu vd hi xu phat hanh ehinh vd hanh vi ndy ma chua hit thdi han ducrc eoi la ehua hi xii phgt hdnh ctiinh, nay lai cd hanh vi kinh doanh trdi phep va bi phat hidn'; thir ba, da bi xit phgt hdnh chinh vd hdnh vi nay*, hodc da bj kdt dn vd tdi nay hoac vd mdt ttong cac tpi quy dinh tai cdc Dieu 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 164, 193, 194,195,196, 230, 232, 233, 236 vd 238 cua BLHS hien hdnh, chua dugc xod an tich ma con vi pham. Tuy nhidn, ttong liiih vuc ngdn hang, ngdn hang ciing la mdt Iogi hinh doanh nghiep, nhung khdc vdi cdc doanh nghiep thudn tiiy, ngan hang thyc hien hoat dpi^
kinh doanh tidn va thyc hien cac dich vu ngdn hang de thu Igi nhugn. Hon niia, ph^
Iuat vd ngan hang hidn nay cho phep tdn t^i
^ Theo quy dinh tai khoin I Dilu 7 Lu|t Xu ly vi pham hinh chinh n i m 2012: "CanAdn, tddmcbjiu phat vi phgm hdnh chinh, neu trong thdi hgn 06 thdng ki tie ngdy chdp hdnh xong quyit djnh xuph^
cdnh cao hogc 01 ndm, ke tir ngdy chdp hanh xon^
quyit dinh xu phgt hdnh chinh khdc ho$c tir ngay h&
thai hiiu thi hanh quyit dfnh xu phgt vi phgm Affli*
chinh ma khong tdi phgm thi dugc coi Id chua bi xi phat vi phgm hanh chinh ".
' Hien nay ap dyng Nghi djnh s i 96/20 14/NEW:P cua Chinh phii quy djnh xii ph^t vi ph^m hinh child) trong Imh vuc tien t$, ngin hing.
CAC QUYDfNH VE TQIPH^ ••
ca ngdn hang thuong mai cua nhd nudc va ngdn hang cd phdn do cac cd ddng ngoai nha nuoc tham gia'" hoac ngan hdng 100%
vdn dau tu nudc ngodi". Do vdy, cdc ngdn hdng khi dd tham gja vdo thuang trudng ddu san sang sii dung cac chidu bdi, trong dd cd vide kinh doanh trdi phep de mang lai Igi ich cho minh, vi du nhu: vu vide Phd .Chu tich Hgi ddng qudn tri Ngdn hang ACB da bi xet xir vd Tgi kinh doanh trdi phep'^...
Ngodi ra, mdt so quy dinh vd tdi phgm ngdn hang lidn quan ddn cdng nghe cao cung cdn thieu sot, bat cap cdn nghidn ciiu hoan thien.
3. Mpt so kien nghi
Thu nhdt, can co nghien cuu ddnh gid mgt each toan didn vd cdc loai tdi pham i ^ n hdng dd trong qud trinh sua ddi Bd Iuat Hinh sy hidn hanh cd sy didu chinh hgp ly. Cy thd, Bg ludt Hinh su hidn hanh moi chi cd mdt didu (Didu 179) quy dinh xii ly vi pham vd cho vay ttong hogt ddng cua cac td chiie tin dyng, ttong khi dd, rdt nhidu cdc hoat ddng nghiep vy khac nhu ddu tu, chuydn tidn thanh todn, bdo lanh... ndu xdy ra vi ptiam se gdy thidt hai Idn cho xd hdi, nhung chua cd ludt dieu ehinh, gdy ndn khodng trdng p h ^ ly ton. Hien nay p h ^ ludt cung khong cd quy dinh cu thd vd viee cho vay khdng cd bdo dam bang tdi san.
Hau qua cua hanh vi vi pham la rdt Ion, khung hinh phat phdi n ^ d m . Do vay, Bg ludt Hmh su (sira ddi) edn co quy dinh vl van de nay.
' Vi du: ngan hing Agribaik, ngan hing Vietmbank.
'" Vi dy: ngin hang cd phan A chau ACB, Ngan hing Bic A.
" Vi du: ngin hang ANZ.
12 f^ouyen Due Kien bic bd ca 4 tpi danh bi cao budc* Ngudn: http://vnexpres5.net/tin-tuc/phap- l„ai/nouvpn.iluc-kien-bac-bo-ca-4-toi-danh-bi-cao- bugcr3Ui528Jifini-
Tha hai, cin quy dinh cy thd the ndo Id hdnh vi cho vay khdng cd tai sdn bdo dam trdi quy dinh phdp Iuat; thd nao Id cho vay qud gidi han quy dinh, va thi nao la hanh vi khde vi phgm quy dinh cua phdp Iuat vd cho vay trong hogt dgng tin dyng. Can nghidn cim luat hda mdt sd quy dinh ttong Quy che eua cdc ngdn hang vd hogt dgng eho vay dc ed CO sd ^ dyng trach nhidm hinh su klii cd hanh vi vi pham.
Thu ba, vdi quy dinh vd khung hinh phgt nhu Bd lugt Hinh sy hidn hdnh tdi da Id 12 nam tu, ttong bdi canh tinh hinh tdi phgm vi pham cdc quy dinh ve eho vay ngdy cdng gdy thiet hgi tdn cho xa hpi la khdng hgp Iy. Do vdy, chiing tdi cho ring cdn sua cac quy dinh vd khung hinh phgt cua tgi pham nay. Chiing tdi ddng y vdi quan didm khdng nen dp dung hinh phgt tii hinh vdi tdi danh lidn quan ddn linh vyc kinh td, ttong dd cd tgi vi pham cdc quy dinh vd cho vay ttong cdc t6 chiic tin dyng, tuy nhidn, can quy dinh theo hudng ndng eao hon khung hinh phgt tii cd the tdi da den 20 nam hodc cao hon niia de tang cudng tinh rdn de.
Tu nhfing phdn tich ttdn, chiing tdi ddng y vdi quan didm ve tgi danh dugc ghi nhdn ttong Dy ttiao Bd ludt Hinh sy (sira ddi) hidn nay. Cy thd, lay ten tdi danh la:
Tdi vi phgm quy dinh trong hogt dgng cda cdc td chirc tin dung, chi nhanh ngdn hdng nudc ngodi, trong do quy dinh:
"7. Ngudi ndo trong hogt dgng ngdn hdng mdcoy thuc hien mgt trong cdc hanh vi sau day g^ hd" d^ nghiem trgng, thi bi phgt tiin tic 50.000.000 ddng din 500.000.000 ddng hogc phgt tit tic 01 ndm den 07 ndm:
a) Cdp tin dung cho nhiing trudng hgp khdng duac cdp tin dung trie trudng hgp cdp dudi hinh thuc phit hdnh the tin dung;
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NHA NUOC VA PHAPLL.4TS0 8/2015 b) Cdp tin dung khdng cd bdo ddm hodc cdp tin dung vdi diiu kien uu ddi cho nhimg ddi tuang khdng dugc cdp phep:
c) Cdp tin dung vugt qud gidi hgn quy dinh;
d) Vi pham quy dinh ve gdp vdn, gidi hgn gop vdn, mua cdphdn;
d) Gid mgo chimg tic thanh todn; phd hiiy hogc lam thay doi trdi phep chung tic thanh todn; md hodc sir dung phuang tien thanh todn khdng dung quy dinh phdp lugt;
e) Hdnh vi khdc vi phgm quy dinh cua phdp ludt ve cho vay trong hogt ddng tin dung.
2. Phgm tgi gdy hdu qud rdt nghiim trgng thi blphgt tit tir 05 ndm den 12 ndm
3. Phgm tgi gdy_ hgu qud ddc biet nghiim trgng thi bi phgt tit tir 10 ndm din 20 ndm.
-f. Ngudi phgm tgi cdn cd the bi cdm ddm nhiem chuc vu, cdm hdnh nghi hodc lam cdng viec liin quan din hogt dgng tin dung tit 01 ndm din 05 ndm".
Tuy nhien, tai diem c, khodn 1 ciia Dilu nay edn quy dinh rd "cap tin dyng vugt qud gidi han quy dinh" la gidi hgn ndo vd tai didm g khodn 1 ciing edn quy dinh "hdnh vi khdc vi phgm quy dinh eua phap ludt v l cho vay ttong hogt ddng tt'n dyng" la hdnh vi ndo. Hoac cdc hanh vi nay edn phai dugc ghi nhan ttong vdn bdn dudi Lugt d l eo quan nhd nudc cd tham quydn cd co sd phdp ly de truy ciiu trach nhidm hinh sy.
Ben canh do, trong qud trinh siia ddi, bd sung cdc quy dinh v l tdi phgm ngdn hdng ciing can nghidn ciru d l ludt hda mdt sd hanh vi vd: qudn ly vd sic dung gidy phep;
huy dgng vdn vd phi cung tmg dich vu;
nhdn uy thdc, uy thdc vd hogt dgng lien ngdn hdng; hogt dgng thong tin tin dung;
hogt ddng ngogi hdi va kinh doanh vdng;
thanh todn, qudn ly tiin te vd kho qi^; mua, ddu tu vdo tdi sdn co dinh vd kinh doanh bdt dgng sdn; bdo ddm an todn hogt dgng ciia td chuc tin dung; bdo hiem tien gui;
phdng, chong rua tien; che do thdng tin, bdo edo; cdn tra viec thanh tra, khong thuc hien yeu cdu cda ngirdi cd thdm quyin vdo ttong quy dinh ciia Bg lugt Hinh su mdi.
Thd tu. vdn cdn quy dinh chua ro rang vd mgt sd tgi phgm cd lien quan ddn liiih
\'yc ngdn hdng can nghien eiiu hodn thipn nhu: Didu 285 quy dinh v l Tgi ttiilu trach nhidm gay hgu qua nghiem trgng, can quy dinh ro, ey thd thd ndo la thilu trdch nhidm vd thieu ttdch nhidm v l v i n d l gi; hay Dilu 165 quy dinh vd Tdi cd y tdm ttdi cac quy dinh nhd nudc ve qudn ly kinh te gay hdu qud nghiem ttgng ciing cdn ehi ro Idm ttdi eac quy dinh nao, dk ttanh tinh ttgng kit tgi mang tinh ehii quan; hodc Dilu 163 v l Tpi eho vay nang lai, eIn quy dinh cu thi thi ndo Id ed tinh chat chuydn hoc lot vd hudng lgi bit chmh bao nhidu thi mdi bi coi la Idn dd cd the khdi td.
Thu ndm, tgi pham ngdn hang lidn quan ddn sii dyng cdng nghe cao hipn nay didn ra khd pho bidn, cd the thdy nhilu hdnh vi lidn quan ddn tpi pham nay nhu: sii dyng ttdi phep thdng tin the tin dung ciia ngudi nudc ngoai dd mua hdng online, thanh todn tryc tuydn tai Viet Nam; lgi dyng he thong thanh toan qua POS d l lay tidn ciia ngan hang...
Mdc dii Bd lugt Hinh sy hidn hanh cimg cd quy dinh ve tgi pham sir dyng cdng nghe cao, tuy nhidn, viec su dung cdng nghe cao de pham tdi trong ITnh vuc ngdn hang ngdy cdng ttd nen phurc tap. Do vgy, cdn nghien ciiu bd sung, hodn thidn cdc quy dinh nhdm ngdn chan cdc hanh vi phgm t$i lien quan den ITnh vye nay.
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