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CHIEN LI/OC AN DO DUONG - THAI BINH Dl/ONG:
TRIEN KHAI SQC MANH CUA MY 6 BIEN DONG
ir ThS PHAM MINH THU Vu Chdu My. Bo Ngoai giao
• Tdm tdt: Chien hide An Do DUdng - Thdi Binh Diidng dtidc Tong thong Donald Trump ldn ddu Hen cdng hd vdo thdng 11- 2017 tai Dd Ndng. Chien Itidc ndy diidc xdy dting dtia tren mgt so trti cot chinh, trong do, Bien Ddng dtidc xem Id thdnh to quan trgng cua tru cot an ninh. Theo do, chinh quyen Trump da khong ngdng trien khai sdc manh tai Biin Ddng: tdng ctidng hien dien qudn sti, hd trd cdc nUdc khu vtic tdng ctidng ndng Itic hdng hdi vd tien hdnh thUdng xuyin cdc hoat ddng tti do hdng hdi,.. Trong boi cdnh tinh hinh Bien Ddng tiep ttic diin hien phdc tap vd khd Itidng, viec nghien cdu chinh sdch cda My trong vdn deBien Dongse cd y nghia ddc hiet quan trgng ddi vdi cdc ntidc cd yeu sdch chu quyen d Bien Ddng trong dd cd Ytet Nam.
• Td khda: My, Tong thdng Donald Trump, Chien Itidc An Do Dtidng - Thdi Binh Dtidng Bien Ddng.
1. Cbien Iiroc An Dp Dmmg - Tiiai Bmh Duong Sau Chien ttanh lanh, My da dich chuyen ttpng tam ehien luge toan edu sang khu vuc chdu A - Thdi Binh Duong nhdm duy tri vi thg sieu eudng thdng qua viec can du tieh cue d kbu vue. Mac dii da trai qua nhieu ten goi khdc nhau do nhung bien dpng cua lieh sii eung nhu tinh todn chign luge eiia mdi nha lanh dao, cbinh sdch ddi ngoai cua My tai khu vue chdu A - Thdi Binh Duong co ban duge trien khai nhat qudn tten nhitng tru edt cdt ldi tii Cbinb quygn CUn- ton den Cbinh quyen Trump bign nay.
Cu thg, ngay tii khi Ign ndm quyen, chinh quyen Trump dd sdm tuyen bd cham diit Chien
luoc "Tdi cdn bdng", mdt ddng thai duge xem la nhdm xda bd di sdn ciia ngudi tien nhiem.
Tuy nhien, chinh quyin My vdn duy tri su quan tdm cao ddi vdi kbu vuc thong qua "Chien lupc An Dd Duong - Thdi Binb Duong tu do va rgng md" duoc Tdng tiidng Trump ldn ddu tien cdng bd tai Hpi nghi Cap cao APEC vao thdng 11- 2017 tai Da Ndng. Dae biet, Tdng tiiong Tmmp nhdn manh, khu vuc An Dp Duong - Thai Bmh Duong sg la "kbu vuc ma cdc qudc gia ddc lap vd ed cbu quyin, vdi ede nen vdn hda da dang va gidc ma khac nhau, cimg phdt ttien tiiinh vugng, hudng tdi tii do vd hoa binb"i». Ki tir sau phdt bieu cda Tdng tiidng Tnimp, rdt nhiiu
LfLUAN CHfNH TRI-So 5/2020
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quan ehiic cao cap khac cua My cung dd tdi kh^g dinh cam kit lau dai eiia My ddi vol kbu vvc, bao gdm Phd Tdng thdng Mike Pence, cuu Bp truong Qudc phdng My James Mattis, Bg tnidng Qudc phdng Mark Esper, Ngoai trudng Mike Pompeo..., ttong dd nhan manh ASEAN tigp bic duy tri la ttgng tam eiia tdm rtiiin My ddi vdi kbu vuc, coi ASEAN la "ddi tdc khdng tbi thigu vd khdng the thay tbi"'^'. Ve dia ly. An Do Duong - Thai Binb Duang dupe Ngoai trudng Mike Pompeo dinh nghia tai Diin dan doanh nghiep An Dd Duong - Thai Binh Duang vdo thang 7-2018 la khu vuc ttdi dai tir bd Tdy nude My dgn bdTdy An Do.
Cd the bieu mdt edch khdi quat muc tieu cua Chiin lupc An Do Duong - Thai Binh Duong nhu sau: i) Duy tri su ldnh dao Idu ddi cua My tai kbu vuc va trin toan cdu, trong bdi canh Trung Qudc (va Nga) hi My cdng khai xae djnh Id ddi thu canh tranh chiin lupc hdng ddu cua My trong Chien lupc An ninh qude gia 2017vaChignluge Qudc phdng qudc gia 2018;
ii) Thuc day thuang mai tu do, binh ddng va cd di CO lai. My khdng chap nhdn tinh ttang tham hut thuang mai va lam dung thuang mai bdi cac qude gia khdc. Thay vao dd. My yeu cau cac nude ddi tae thuong mai hanh xii mgt cdch binh ddng vd cd ttaeh nhiim vol My; iii) Duy tri kh6ng gian bien vd bdu trdi md trong kbu virc; iv) Duong ddu mdt each bieu qua vdi cdc thach thtic an ninh truyin thdng vd phi truyin thdng, trong do cd chuang trinh hat nhdn cua Trieu Tien; v) Dam bao tdn trgng luat le va quyen catihdn.
De dat dugc cdc muc tiiu tren, Chiin luge An Dp Duong - Thai Binb Duong cbii yiu xoay quanh cde tiii cot sau:
Thunhit, My tiip tue can du tich euc vao cdc CO chi da phuang chu chdt trong khu vue nhu
ARF, ADMM+, EAS eung nhu APEC, eac ca chg ba ben (giiia My, Nhat vd Han Qudc) va da phuong (bd Tir giiia My, Uc, An Do va Nhdt Ban), ttong dd ASEAN ddng vai ttd ttgng tdm.
Thuhai, trong kbi eiing co va lam sdu sdc mang ludi ddng minh va ddi tde. My tiip tuc yeu cdu cdc nude chia se chi phi qudc phdng.
My cung tim kiim co hgi thuc day quan be ddi tdc mdi vdi "cdc nude cbii chdt ttong khu vuc, gdm Indonesia, Malaysia vd Viet Nam" de
"duong dau vdi eae thdch thiic chung, tdng cudng ndng luc va ddu tu qudc phdng khi edn thiet, thlic day tinh tuong tdc, chia se thdng tin, xdy dung mang ludi cdc ddi tde ed ndng lye va eimg chung nhan thiic"'^'.
Thiiba, vdi khau hieu "an ninh kinh tg la an ninh qude gia"'*', Cbinb quyen Trump mong mudn: i) Dat thda thudn thuong mai vdi bat cd qudc gia An Dd Duong - Thai Binh Duong ndo sdn sang trd thdnh ddi tdc cua My va ehiu su rang budc bdi nguyen tdc thuong mai binb ddng vd cd di cd lai"'^'; li) Dam phdn lai cdc thda thuan thuong mai song phuang khdng cd lpi cho My nhu NAFTA vd KORUS; iii) Tim cdch thlic ddy cai each cdc the ehe thuong mai da phuong, dde biet la WTO; iv) Khuyen khich khu vuc tu nhan ddng vai trd ddn ddt rich cue bon trong viee hd tra khu vue, trong dd cd linh vuc CO sd ba tdng.
Thu fu; M? ling hp cdc nude ddng mmh vd ddi tdc cung cd ndng lue thuc thi phdp ludt nhdm dam bdo trat tu va lai ieh hdng hai va hang khdng, bao gdm viic "thuc ddy viee eung cap tai chinh va cdc ttang thiet hi qudc phdng vupt ttdi cho cdc ddi tac an mnh cua My"'^'.
2. Djnh vi Biin Dong trong Chien liroc An Do Du-ong - Thai Binh Duong
Mac dil khdng phdi la nude cd yeu sdch ehd quyin d Bien Ddng, tuy nhien, tir lau nay, My dd
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khdng dinh cd lgi ich qudc gia edt yeu d viing bien nay.
Vg kirtii ti, cdc tuyin dudng giao thuong hang hai eua My it phu thudc vdo Bien Ddng so vdi Trung Qudc vd Nhdt Bdn chi chiem ban 14%'^. Tuy nhien, la siiu eudng nang luong. My phu thupc rdt ldn vao ngudn cung ndng lugng ben ngoai. Vdi 4,6% dan sd the gidi. My tieu thu 25% lupng dau md toan eau. Dieu ndy dd dan tdi viic My chiu "sir tdn thuong chiin luge" va ban chi vi "kha nang theo dudi cbinh saeh ddi ngoai vd cdc muc tiiu an ninh"'^*. Cu sdc ddu lua vao nam 2008 dd ldm rung chuyin gidi tinh hoa d My, khign hg nhan thiic rd ban ve an ninh nang lupng ddi vdi nin kinh ti My. Trong khi phdt ttien cdc ngudn nang lugng thay the, nhu ddu dd phien, tiii ddu md vd khi tu nhign vdn ndm ttong nhdm ndng lupng cd nhu cau cao. Di dam bao dn dinh ndng lupng, My bupc phai vuon ra ngoai ldnh thd My de canh tranh vdi cac nude khdc trong cupc tim kiem eae ngudn ndng lupng d ben ngoai, ttong do Bign Ddng duge danh gid la cd trd lugng dau ldn.
Trong so cde nude cd ygu sdch chu quyen dkhu vuc, Trung Quoc cd ygu sdeh "dudng 9 doan"
ldn nhdt song lai map md nhdt d Bien Ddng, chiem tdi gdn 80% dien tich viing bien. Tai cupe hdi thao tai Manila vdo thdng 2-2019, Ngoai trudng My Mike Pompeo da ehi ra rdng "cdc boat ddng qudn su vd tdn tao edu tnic dat cua Trung Qude d Bign Ddng de dga cbu quyen, an ninh vd ddi sdng kinh ti eiia Philippines eung nhu eiia ehinh My"'^'.
Ve quan su, Bien Ddng la tuyen dudng bien dac biet quan trpng ddi vdi mang ludi qudc phdng va cac lien kit an ninh cua My. Mpt mat, My can dam bao an ninh eho cdc nude ddng minh kbu vuc, bao gdm Philippines vd Ddi Loan, hai nude cd yeu sdch d Bien Ddng.
Mat khdc, trong bdi cdnh Trung Qude khdng ngimg nang cdp qudn su, My cd lpi ich trong viee dam bao trdt tu dua tren ludt le d khu vuc.
Nhdm duy tri bien dien siic manh d khu vuc, bang ndm. My rien banh cdc cugc tap trdn quan su song phuang vd da phuong, bao gdm cudc tap trdn ldn nhdt la Hd Mang Vdng. Do dd, bdt cii su can ttd nao ddi vdi cde tuyen dudng giao thuang vd qudn su tu do d Bien Ddng se gay nguy bai den loi ich qudc gia eiia My. Theo James Fanell, cuu quan cbiic tinh bdo Hai qudn My, "din nam 2030, Trung Qude se ddng tdi khoang 550 tau chiin - gdn gap ddi sd tdu cua My bign nay"'^"'. Ke tir nam 2013, Trung Qude da tang eudng bdi ddp va tdn tao eac eau true dat vdi tde dp cbua tung ed tiin le tai Biin Ddng, md rdng mdi 3.200 bee ta dien tieh. Nguy hiim han, ede tiin ddn nay duac qudn su hda thdng qua viec Trung Qudc ldp dat eac thiit bi cam bien tam xa, ca sd ha tdng biin, dudng bay, cde kho nhien lieu va vu khi kien cd. Trong ttao ddi tai Vien Brooking vdo thdng 5-2019, Cbu tich Hdi ddng Tham muu trudng Uin quan My, Tudng Joseph Dunford cbo rdng, gan day, cdc boat dgng xay dung trdi phep cua Trung Qudc ttin Bien Ddng cham lai Id do Trung Qudc da ddn dat dug^ cdc muc tieu quan su. Theo cdc chuygn gia My, hien tai, Trung Qudc da cd du ndng luc quan su "di giam sdt cdc hoat ddng tren khdng va ttin biin cua ddi thii" va cdc tien ddn nhdn tao cua Trung Qudc ed the dupe huy dpng di lam
"CO sd an ninh bang hai" chdng lai boat ddng khai thdc dau khi vd ddnh cd eua eac nude Idng gieng""".
Dudi Chmh quyin Tmmp, Bien Ddng duac xemlamdtttongnhiingtiidnhtd quan ttong cua ttu cdt an nmh ttong Chiin luge An Dd Duang- Thdi Bmh Duong.
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Chiin luge An nhih qudc gia 2017"^* cho rdng no luc eiia Trung Qudc nhdm "xay dung vd quan sirhda ede tiin ddn dBien Ddng" dang lam nguy hai "tu do thuong mai", de dga "chii quyin cua cdc nuoc khdc" vd ldm xdi mdn "dn dinh khu vuc". Chien lupc ndy tdi khdng dinh "cam ket ciia My ddi vdi tu do hdng hai va giai quyet hda binh ttanh chdp ldnh thd vd hang hai phu hop vdi luat le qude ti".
Bdo cdo vi Chiin lupc Quan su qudc gia ndm 2018'"' chi ra rdng, viec ttdi day cua cde cudng qudc nhu Trung Qudc va Nga da tao nen thdch thlic ldn nhdt vdi My. Theo dd, Trung Qudc
"dang tao ddn bay vi hiin dai hda qudn s\i, gay dnh hirdng thdng qua eae boat ddng tren thuc ti^n cung nhu kinh te nhdm hdm dga cae nude lang giing, tiin tdi thiit lap lai trat tu d khu vuc An Do Duong - Thai Bmh Duong theo hudng cd lgi cho Trung Qudc""'''.
Tai H6i nghi Cdp eao Ddng A ldn tiiir 13 vao thing 11-2018, Phd Tdng thdng Mike Pence tiip tuc nhdn m^nh tru cOt Biin Ddng trong Chiin luac An Dd Duong - Thai Binh Duong, trong dd khdng dinh cam kit "duy tri tu do hang hdi va bang khdng""^', va cbo rdng, "viec banh trudng lanh thd vd qudn su hda cua Trung Qudc d Biin Ddng Id bdt hpp phap va nguy hiim", de dpa chii quyin eiia nhiiu qude gia va Idm nguy hai su thinh vuong ciia tbi gidi"^'. Tu lenh Hgm ddi Thai Binh Duang My, Dd ddc Scott H. Swift nhdn manh "Trung Qude dang thach thiie nguyin tdc tu do tiep can khdng gian toan cau cua cdc qudc gia" thdng qua cde thdnh td ciia siic manh qude gia: ngoai giao, thong tin, quan su vd kinh te""^', cho rdng "tu do hang hdi nhdm tdi khdng dinh tinh khdng thi xam pham ciia cdc khdng gian chung cung nhu cam kit eiia My nhdm duy tri he thdng qudc ti dua tren ludt le""«'.
Ddng chu y, tiii edt nay cdn duac cung bd thdng qua Dao ludt Sang kiin Tdi ttan an chdu A (ARIA) ndm 2018"^ tiieo dd nhan manh cam kit khdng chi cua Chinh quyin md cdn ca su iing hg ciia Qudc hdi My ddi vdi tu do hdng bai dua ttdn luat le" va "giai quyet hda binh ttanh chdp bang hai va cbu quyin".
3. Trien Idiai sue manh cua My o^ Biin Dong Ndm 2017, Tu lenh hai qudn My, Dd ddc John Richardson da dua ra Tam nhin vg tuong lai ciia hai quan My, theo dd My "can mpt lire lugng bai qudn manh ban, gom 350 tau thuyen"'^"'. Tai Ddi thoai Shangri-La vao thdng 11-2017, Bd trudng Qude phdng My Mattis tuyen bo pban bd 60% tau bai qudn, 55% lue lugng qudn ddi vd khoang 2/3 luc lugng thudc ham dpi hai quan va 60% trang thiit bi ehign lupe hai qudn nude ngoai cho Tu linh Thdi Binh Duong'^". De iing phd vdi cdc diin biin mdi tai kbu vuc An Do - Thai Binh Duong, thang 5-2018, Bd trudng Qudc phdng My James Mattis da cbinb tbiic ddi tgn Tu lenh Thdi Binh Duong My thdnh Tu lenh An Do Duong - Thai Binb Duang vdi khoang 375.000 nhan su, mue eao nhat so vdi luc lupng chiin ddu cua My 6 cac chdu lue khdc'^^'. Thang 8- 2019, Bd trudng Qudc phdng Mark Esper cho biit My se ddu tu vao nhieu co sd qudn sir d khu virc nhdm kiem chi ede boat ddng cua Trung Qudc d khu vuc"'^^'.
Vdi cdc ddng minh lau ddi nhdt tai khu vue, du kiin My se tdng cdc boat ddng tap tran qudn su ehung vao ndm 2019 tu 262 len 281'^^'.
Ddng ehii y, ehinh quyin Trump ldn dau tien cdng khai bao dam an ninh eho Philppines.
Trong chuyin thdm Philippines vdo thang 2- 2019, Ngoai truang Mike Pompeo khdng dinh:
"Bien Ddng la mdt phan cua Thai Bmh Duong, bdt cu cudc tan cdng qudn su nao nhdm vao
LfLUAN CHiNH TRI-So 5/2020
lue lugng, tau thuyen hay mdy bay ciia Phip- pines d Biin Dong se khien My trien khai cam kit qudc phdng theo Diiu 4 eua Hiep dinh Tuong trp qudc phdng"'^^'. Ddng thdi, ehinh quyen Trump eung tdng cudng nd luc xay dung ndng luc hang hai eho eac nude khu vuc thdng qua Sang kiin An ninh Hang hdi An Dd Duong - Thdi Binh Duang'^^' va Sang kien Minh bach An Do Duong Thdi Binh Duong"'^^'. Ldn dau tien, My tiin hanh tap tran quan su ehung vdi ASEAN vdo thdng 9-2019 nhdm tang cudng ndng luc hai qudn cua cde nude ASEAN trudc cdc mdi de dpa bdng hai va tiiigntai'^^'.
Dang chu y, Chinh quyen Trump tiip tue khang dinh quyin tign hanh cdc boat ddng tu do hang hai, hdng khdng d khu vuc kg tir khi ndm quyin. Cbi buy Reann Mommsen, Phdt ngdn vien Ham ddi 7, Hai qudn My khdng dinh
"My se tiep tuc bay, edng budm vd boat ddng d bat cii ddu ludt phdp qudc t i cbo phep", cho rdng tu do hang hdi "khdng nhdm vao nude ndo va eung khong nhdm mang lai thdng diep chinh tri nao""^'. Thieu td Clay Doss, Phat ngon vien Ham dpi 7, Hai qudn My n i u rd: "Luc lugng My boat dpng tiiudng xuyin tai An Dp - Thai Binb Duong, bao gom ea Biin Ddng. Tat ea cae boat ddng nay pbii hpp vdi ludt phap qudc t i vd t b i hien rdng My se tiip tuc bay, cang budm vd boat ddng phii hgp vdi ludt le qudc ti. Diiu nay dung vdi khu vuc Bien Ddng cung nhu cdc khu vue khdc tten the gidi"'^'". Tai Hdi nghi Cap cao Ddng A (11-2018), Phd Tdng thdng Mike Pence chi trich boat dpng qudn su hda va md rdng ldnh thd ciia Trung Qudc d Bien Ddng Id "phi phap va nguy hiim", tdi khdng dinh My se "tiip tuc bay, cdng budm d bdt eii noi ndo luat le qudc t i cbo phep vd lot ich qudc gia cua My cdn. Ham dga khdng can
ttd chung ta, cbi lam quyit tam ciia chiing ta dugc cung cd them"*^".
Tdng thdng Trump dd cho tien banh cac boat dpng tudn tta tu do hdng bai (viit tdt la FONOP), cbi bdn tiiang sau khi nhdm chire.
Vao thdng 11-2019, Bd trudng Qude phdng My Mark Esper nhan manh. My da "triin khai boat dgng FONOP trong ndm 2019 nhiiu hon cdc Cbinb quyin My trudc dd trong sudt b a n 20 ndm qua"'^^'. Ldn dau rien, My tiin hdnh FONOP vdo thdng 1-2018 trong pham vi 12 hai ly xung quanh bai can Scarborough Shoal ki tir ndm2012. Thang ll-2019,hai qudn My lan dau tiin triin khai hai tau tdc chiin ven bd, bao gdm tdu USS Gabrielle Giffords vd USS Monte- gomery tdi Biin Ddng cimg luc. My eung huy ddng cdc nude ddng minh vd doi tac khdc cua My cung tham gia vdi My, trong dd ed boat dpng ehung vdi tau ehien eiia Hai quan Hodng gia Uc (RAN) vdo thdng 11-2019.
Trong bdi eanh dai dich COVlD-19 dang tiip tuc lan rdng tren toan cdu, thi trudng chiing khodn My tiip tuc sut giam manh trong khi bdu eii Tdng thdng My dang budc vao giai doan quan trgng, Viet Nam cdng can phai tiieo sdt eac diin bien lign quan den edch thitc Cbinb quyin My xu ly van de ndy, tii dd chit dpng vd kip tbdi phdi hgp vol cdc nude liin quan khdc, ddc biet ttong nam Viet Nam la Chd tich ASEAN 2020 n
(1), (5) Nha trdng My, Phat bieu cua Tong tiidng Tmmp tai Thuang dinh CEO APEC, tiiang 11-2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov.
(2) Nha trdng My, Phat biiu cua Pho Tdng tiidng Mike Pence, tiiang 11-2018, https://www.wbite- house.gov.
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(3) BO Qudc p h d n g My, P h a t b i i u c d a Bp t r u d n g Quoc ph6ng James Mattis t£ii Ddi thoEu Shangri-La Dialogue, thang 6-2018, https://v™w.defense.gov.
(4) Nha trdng My, Tai s a o a n n i n h k i n h t e la a n ninh qudc gia, thdng 12-2018, https: / /www.white- house.gov.
(6), (26) Bp Qudc p h o n g My, Bao c a o C h i i n luge An DO Duong - Thdi Binh D u o n g , t h d n g 6-2019, https: / /media.defense.gov.
(7) Siic manh Trung Qudc CSIS, "Giao dich tiiuong mai 6 Bien D 6 n g n h u t h e ndo", h t t p s ; / / c h i - napower.csis.org.
(8) Hoi ddng Q u a n h e ddi ngoai, "Su p h u t h u p c nang lupng cua My d a n g l a m xdi m d n a n n i n h q u d c gia", https;/ /www.cfr.org.
(9) Regine Cabato, Shibani Mahtani. "Pompeo cam kit can thiep neu Philippines hi tan cdng tren Bien Ddng trong bdi cdnh Trung Qude tang cuong qudn su hda", Tapchldien tuWasbington Post, thang 2-2019, https://www.washington- post.com.
(10) Oren Dorell, "Viec T r u n g Q u d c m d r g n g q u a n sir de dga lgi Ich cua My t h e nao?". Tap chi dien tu USA Today, t h a n g 5-2018, h t t p s : / / w w w . u s a t o - daycom.
(11) Steven Stashwick, "Hoat d g n g q u a n s u h d a ciia TrungQuSc dBien D o n g d a dat tdi dinh d i i m " , Tap cbidi$n tuForeign Policy, tiiang 8-2019, https:/ /for- eignpolicy.com.
(12) Nha ttdng My, Chien luge An n i n h q u d c gia, thSng 12-2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov.
(13) Ting Tham m u u t m d n g Ugn qudn, C h i i n luge Quan su q u d c gia, t h d n g 6-2018 htlps://www.jcs.mil.
(14) BO Qudc p h d n g My, C h i i n luge Q u d c p h d n g quoc^a, tiiang 1-2018, https://dod.defense.gov.
(15), (16) Dai sii q u a n My tai H a n Qudc, tiiang 11- 2018, https://kr.u8embassy.gov.
(17), (18) Hdi qudn My. T u a n g lai c u a c h a u A, tiiang
9-2017, https://www.cpf.navy.mil.
(19) CRS, D a o ludt Tai d a m b a o a n n i n h c h a u A (ARIA), tiiang 4-2019, https://fas.org.
(20), (21) Cac v a n d e h a n g hai, My n a n g c a p hai q u a n va c h a u A dudi C h i n h q u y e n T r u m p , t h a n g 7-2017, h t t p : / / w w w . m a r i t i m e i s s u e s . c o m . (22) PACOM, Khu vuc ttach n h i e m cua T u lenh Thai Binh D u o n g My, https://www.pacom.mO.
(23)Thdi b a o South China Morning Post, C o s d q u a n s u moi cila My d c h a u A - Thdi Binh Duong, thdng 8-2019, bttps://www.scmp.com.
(24) Quy Di san, D a n h gia m d i t m o n g b o a t d p n g t o a n cau, t h a n g 8-2019, https;//www.heritage.org.
(25) Regine Cabato, Shibani Mahtani (2-2019),
" P o m p e o c a m ket can thiOp n e u Philippines bi tan c d n g t r e n Bien D d n g trong bdi c a n h T m n g Qudc tang c u d n g q u a n s u h d a " . Tap chi dien tuWashing- ton Post, thang 2-2019, https://www.washington- post.com.
(27) Bg Ngoai giao My, Sang k i i n Minh bach An Do D u o n g Thai Binh Duong, tiiang 11-2019, https://www.state.gov.
(28) Thai b a o Navy Times (2019), https://www.navytimes.com.
(29) Ryan Browne, Brad Lendon, "Tau chien My tiin gan cac dao ttanh chap 6 Bien D o n g trong bdi c a n h cang tiidng leo t h a n g vdi T m n g Qudc", trang dien fuCJViV, thdng 8-2019, hfrps://edition.cnn.com.
(30) Ben Werner, "2 tau k h u true m a n g ddu dgn hat n h a n cua My d a t i i n h d n h FONOP d bai da Vanh Khdn d B i i n Ddng", trang dien tii USNI, thing 2- 2019, https://news.usni.org.
(31) Nha trdng My, Phat b i i u c u a Ph6 Tdng tiidng Mike Pence tai p h i e n h g p t o a n tiii EAS, tiiang 11- 2018, https://www.wbitehouse.gov.
(32) Hgi d d n g q u a n h e ddi ngoai, "Canh Uanh cbien luge My - Trung d Bien Ddng va Hoa Ddng: Tinh hmh va kiin nghi va Qudc hdi", 26 November 2019, bttps://fas.org.
LYLUAN CHINH TRj-So 5/2020
