KHOA HOC - CdNG NGHE
Nghien cu'u u'ng dung phan mem Catia va phan mem Ansys trong thiet ke 3D, tinh toan khung xe buyt Hybrid
Tom tat: Bdi bdo trinh bay ve kit qui vd Igi ich cua viic tfng dgng phan mim Catia trong thiit ki 3D khung xe buft Hybrid; gidi thiiu tdm tat kit qui tinh todn kiim ben dii vdi khung xe buyt Hybrid bing phin mem Ansys.
Tfl khoa: Thiit kiSD khung xe buyt Hybrid.
Abstract: This paper presents the design 3D Hybrid bus frame with CATIA software and application results in the calculation of ANSYS software reliability testing of this frame.
Keywords: 3D Design Hybrid bus chassis.
1. D$t van d l
Tai Vi^t Nam hien nay, vi§c gidm phat thdi gay b nhibm mbi trudng trong hogt dbng GTVT ia vdn de hit sflc quan trong, viec db dfldc t h l hian trong chu trfldng, ehfnh sach cua Nha nfldc.
Thye hien chu trfldng do, viae nghien cflu ehi tao xe buyt Hybrid phue vu vSn tai hdnh khach dang dfldc cdc ddn vj sdn xudt b tb trong nfldc nghidn cflu trien khai. Viee thilt k l , tinh todn va bo tri cdc he thong tong thanh trdn xe buyt Hybrid bang bdn ve 2D se mat nhilu thdi gian vd cbng sflc do kit cau phiic tgp, yeu edu db chfnh xdc cao.
De gldl quylt van de tren, eae ddn vj sdn xudt da sfl dung nhieu phdn mem khae nhau trong thiet ke 3D vd trong tfnh toan kiem b i n nhdm tang do chfnh xdc cung nhu gidm nhdn cbng, chl phi vat lieu trong qua trinh san xuat. Viec ap dyng cac phdn mem vdo thiet ke tinh todn kiem ben khung xe buyt Hybrid Id rat can thilt. Trong phgm vi bai bdo, cac tdc gid se gidi thieu viec dp dung phan mem Catia trong thiet ke 30 vd phdn mim Ansys trong tinh toan khung xe buyt Hybrid, day ia sdn pham dang dfldc ede nhd c h l tao 6 tb trong nfldc quan tam hien nay.
2. Npi dung nghign cflu 2.1. Gidi thiiu vi xe Hybrid
Hien nay, cdc nfldc tren t h l gidi dang sfl dyng hai loai hlnh xe buyt Hybrid, do la Hybrid song song {parallel hybrid) va Hybrid nli tilp {serial hybrid). Tuy theo dilu kien van hanh va phgm vi 66
• ThS. LUOliG MINH HAI
• KS. NGUYEN VAN KIEN ,
• KS. CAN TH! NGQC HUYEN
Ting cong ty Cing nghiip i H ^'it Nam - CTCP sfl dyng ma loai hlnh xe buyt Hybrid dfldc sCf dyng cho phu hdp va hiau qud. Trong bai bdo, cac tac gid gidi thieu v l loai hinh xe bu^^t Hybrid nil tilp dang dfldc mbt s l ddn vj sdn xudt b tb trong nfldc nghidn eflu c h l tao. Xe buyt Hybrid nli tiep dUdc c h l tao dfla tren cd s6 xe buyt diesel truyen thong sau khi iogi bb cae ting thdnh: Ly hdp, hop so va thay vao do id cac cum tong thanh thiet bj dien dong lflc (may phdt didn, dbng cd didn, sieu ty, he thing phy trd va hd thong dilu khiln). Cdc tdng thanh dfldc bo trf ddm bao diing ehi do lam vide vd thba man viec phdn b l tdi trpng len cac tryc banh f-^-^^xe theo QCVN.
- SRS Hinh 2.1: Sd do nguyin /y truyen ding xe bup
""•"*• Hybrid
2.2. Ong dgng phan mem Catia trong thiit ki khung xe buj't Hybrid
Khung xe buyt Hybrid cb tdc dung Id gia dd cho toan bb ede he thing ting thanh trdn xe, ehju todn bb tdl trpng cua cac thdnh phdn treo trong qud trlnh van hdnh. Vide tinh todn, kilm ben doi vbi khung xe het sflc quan trong, dac bidt doi vdi khung xe buyt Hybrid do eae thdnh phdn tdi trpng thay doi tang ibn so vdi xe diesel truyln thing. De tang do chfnh xac vd tinh tin cay trong qud trinii tfnh todn vd kiem b i n , viec thiet k l khung xe buj-t Hybrid bang phan mim Catia 3D Id gidi phdp tli flu tgo ra cd s6 dfl lieu ddu vdo cho viec kilm bin bang phfldng phap phan tfl hflu hgn.
2.2.1. Tuyin dang xe buy/t Hybrid De thiet k l ehe tao xe buyt Hybrid, cdc nha sdn xudt b to trong nfldc hien nay ifla chgn 6 tb buyt eb cdc thbng s l ky thuat dap flng dflpc thbng so, tfnh nang eiia xe Hybrid cdn c h l tao Idm xe cd sb. Trdn cd sd db, tten hdnh xay dflng mb hinh thilt ke ting the dli vdi xe buyt Hybrid vdl tuyln -aSS^hea b|b cd sd da I Ifla chgn.
1 Hinh 2.2: Md I hinh ting thi xe bup I Hybrid trong Catia
KHOA H O C - C O N G N G H I
2-Z2.B6 trf h6thSngmjy6ndtng trdn xebuft Hybrid HS thong truyen ddng cua xe buyt Hybrid bao gdm cac thiet b! co ban: Mdy phdt didn, ddng cd didn, sidu tu, he thing dilu khiln. Xe satxi cd sd sau khi bd ly hpp, hdp so vd them vdo cdc thilt bi truyen d d n ^ i e n dupc bd tr( nhu sau:
H/n/i 2.3: Mo Itinh h$ tiidng truydn ddng cua xe buft Hybrid trong Catia
2.2.3. Thiet ke khung xUdng tdng thg Sau khi cd thiet ke so bd tuyln ddng xe buyt Hybrid, nhdm^tic gid tiln hinh thilt k l sd bd khung xuong tong t h l vd cdc mdng khung xuong:
Mdng s i n , thinh trdi, thdnh phdi, ming ndc, mdng ddu vd mdng dudi bang phan mim Catia nhu cdc hlnh dudi ddy.
2.4: Md hinh mang sdn khung xUdng xe
md trong Catia _ ~
Hinh 2.5: Md hinh mang thdnh bin khung XUdng xe bup Hybrid trong Catia
ming dau dudi khung
>ng Catia __^
Ivnl md^ ndc khung xuang
mp Hybrid irong Ca&a
Sau khi da thilt k l cac mdng khung xuong, tien hdnh t l hdp khung xuorgfj^ng t h l ciia xe buyt Hybrid de kilm tra lap ghep giOa cac mdng khung xfldng vdi nhau.
Hinh 2.8: Md hinh ting thi khung xUdng xe bup Hybrid trong Catia
~^ 2.3. Tinh todn kiim ben khung xe bup Hybrid bing phan mem Ansys
Khi tfnh todn kilm nghigm dp bin cua khung xe theo phuong phdp truyln thing, ede ebt dflng dudc coi Id ehju toan bb lflc tdc dyng, cbn cac thanh libn k i t phu la kit cau gia cfldng. Khi vSn hdnh. hb khung xfldng chju tac dyng ciia cac tdi trpng sau:
So 10/2015 - Tdi trpng tTnh do trpng Iflpng bdn thdn cua khung vb, sieu ty, dilu hba, ghe vd hdnh khdch;
- Tdi trpng dbng khi b K) phanh gdp hoSe quay vbng.
Vdl gid thiit tren se Idm cho kit qud tfnh todn khdng chfnh xdc, khbng phdn dnh diing mflc db chju Ifle eiia k i t cau. Do vdy, tde gid sfl dyng phdn mem Ansys vdi viee sii dyng mb hlnh 3D da dflpe thilt ke bang phdn mim Catia, nhfl vdy, cSe dilu kidn tfnh todn se sat vdi thflc t l d l thu dflpc k i t qud ed db tin cay cao hdn.
cac thanh phan tdc dbng ldn khung xfldng theo bdng sau:
! 1 Thanh phui IOC dong 1 1 lea khung jnnmg ' I ; Khungie + vo
2 UCAP i Eheuhoa 1 4 ' Gbc ogoi, OOI Ihii
3 Elinhkhach Kyhi?u
" m n V w
™«, m ^ a lOu
hrpogCkg) 5 590 4 3 0 3 0 0 3 2 0 SJ170
LIIC UC dvng nrong ling (N) 54 837.9 4 414.S 2 943 3 1394 49 736.7
Chi chu
7 S I eSkg/ngubi
2.3.1. Trudng hdp til tlnh
Trflbng hdp xe h trang thai d l trdn m^t phdng ngang, sfl dyng mb-dun tinh bin khung dim ci!ia phdn mim Ansys.
Budc 1: Nhap vat lieu cCia khung.
Md muc Engineering data, nhap vat liau khung xuong xe buyt Hybrid, theo thilt k l , vat iilu dung ehe tgo khung xfldng xe buyt Hybrid la Ct3 vdi eae gidi hgn nhfl sau:
Gibi han ben: 2.250kg/em2;gidi hgn keo dflt:
4.200kg/cm^
BUdc 2: Nhap bdn ve 3D khung xfldng ting t h l xe buyt Hybrid. IVld mye Geometry nhdp bdn ve 3D da dupc thiet k l trong Catia.
Budc 3: Chia Ifldi, viae chia Ifldi eb t h l de phan mim tfl dpng ehgy hoae ngfldi sfl dyng tfl dilu chfnh mflc dp ehia Ifldi cho phu hpp.
ei/dc4.Datlfle.
- Chpn vj tri co djnh trdn khung: Vj tri thanh san gdn vdi satxi;
^ a e Ifle tac dprig len khupg xfldng ting t h l
^ f d n g hflp tai tmh (da n l u trfin). ,;, Idat Ifle la vj tri Ifle tdc dpng t r f l C ^ v ^ khung.
Hinh 2.9: Md hinh dit Itfc len khung xe Hybrid trong Ansys
BUdc 5: Tinh todn.
Sau khi thfle hibn cac bfldc nhap dfl lidu trong phdn mem Ansys, ta tiln hanh tfnh todn bdng phdn mem va dfla ra cac dgng k i t qud nhfl sau:
Hinh 2.10: Bieu di Ung suit, biin dgng cua khung xe Hybrid trong Ansys
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KHOA HOC - CdNG NGH|
BUdc 6: Ket ludn.
Khung xe buyt Hybrid d trang thdl tTnh an todn vdi hd sfi an todn nhd nhit l i 3,8. Biln dang tlrig the t i i da 2,6mm, tai vj giUa ndc xe, dudi dan dilu hda. Nhu vdy, he khung ddm bao an toan trong trang thdi tlnh.
2.3.2. Trudng hpp phanh gap
Cdc IUc tdc dpng Idn khung xuong xe buyt Hybrid trong trudng hdp phanh gap tudiig tu nhu tdi fTnh, ngoii ra cd them thdnh phdn gia td'c khi phanh gap. Ap dung phudng phdp ti'nh phanh, thu duoc gla tic Idn nhi't khi phanh la: j = 6,86(m/s^).
- Luc quin tinh tdc ddng Ien cdc cot dUng khi phanh gip:
P, = C".. + "!.»„ * nn„) . i „ „ = 42.438 (N)
Sau khi thflc hien cac bfldc nh#p dfl lieu trong phdn mem Ansys tfldng tfl nhfl trfldng hpp tdi ffnh, ta tien hdnh tfnh todn bang phdn mdm va dfla ra cde dgng ket qud nhu sau:
Hinh 2.11: Md hinh ddt Itfc len khung xe Hybrid trong Ansys
Sau khi thfle hidn eae bflde nhap dfl iiau trong phdn mim Ansys tfldng tfl nhfl trfldng hpp tdi tTnh, ta tiln hanh tfnh toan bdng phdn mem va dfla ra eae dgng kit qud nhfl sau:
Hinh 2.12: Bleu di tfng suit, biin dgng cua khung xe Hybrid trong Ansys
Kit luin
Khung xfldng xe buyt Hybrid 6 trgng thai phanh gdp la dii ben vdl he so an toan ia 3,35.
Biln dgng ting t h l t l i da 2,7mm, tgl vj giiJa nbc xe, dfldi ddn dilu hba. Nhfl vay, ha khung dam bdo an todn trong trgng thdl phanh gdp.
2.3.3. Trudng hgp quay vdng
Cde Iflc tdc dbng Idn khung xfldng xe buyt Hybrid trong trfldng hpp quay vong tfldng tfl nhfl trfldng hpp tdl tTnh, ngoai ra cb them thanh phdn Iflc quan tinh khi quay vbng 6 van toe t l i da.
Ap dyng phfldng phdp tinh todn quay vbng 6 tb, xac djnh bdn kfnh quay vbng nhb nhdt:
R„i„= 6,90m, van tic t l i da khi quay vbng: v = 26,58km/h {7,38m/s) ddm bdo xe khbng bj trflpt hoae l$t khi quay vbng. Lflc quan tfnh tdc dyng len b tb khi quay vbng nhfl sau:
PK = [(f"i™ + f"ucap + "1J-V^ J / Rm« = 44.124 (N)
Hinh 2.14: Biiu do tfng suit, biin dgng cOa khung xe Hybrid trong Ansys
Kitiudn
Khung xfldng xe buyt Hybrid d trgng thai quay vbng Id du ben vdl he so an todn la 1,5. Biln dgng tong t h l toi da trfldng hdp quay vong 4,5mm, tgi vj gifla ndc xe, dfldi ddn diiu hba. Nhflv^y, hd khung ddm bdo an toan trong trang thai quay vbng.
3. Kit lu|n
- Bai bao da gidi thieu ting quan khung xfldng xe buyt Hybrid vd mo hinh hda bdng phdn mim CATIA phye vy cbng tdc thiet k l , bo trf cdc h§
thing tong thdnh chinh tren xe.
- Bai bao cung gidi thieu phfldng phdp tfnh toan kiem nghidm ben khung xfldng xe bang phdn mim Ansys trong cdc trfldng hdp tdi trpng tmh vd dpng, trong db da tinh todn xdc djnh tdi trpng tae dyng len cdc ebt dflng, dam cCia khung xfldng trong cdc trfldng hpp tdl trpng, xdc dinh flng suit, hd so an todn vd biln dgng tong t h l , tfl day xde dinh dflpc diem y l u nhdt tren khung vd nhflng vj trf diem thfla b i n d l dfla ra phfldng an t l i flu hba thilt ke khung xfldng.
- Bdi bdo CO the Idm tdi lieu b l ich cho sinh vidn ngdnh Cd khi 6 tb trong hpc tap va nghi&n cflu khoa hpc •
Tai lilutham khdo
[1]. Phgm van Djch, Vu Dinh Lai, Dao Van Lflu, Biii Dinh Nghi, Ld Lam SPn, Trjnh Xuan Sdn, Nguyin Cdm Thiiy {1995), Stfc bin vdt Hdu, NXB.
GTVT, Ha Nbi.
[2]. Nguyin Hflu Cdn, Dfl Quic Thjnh, Phgm Minh Thdi, Nguyin Van Tdi, La Thj Vdng (2005), Ly thuyet 6 to mdy keo, NXB. KH&KT, Hd Nil.
[3]. VO Quoc Anh, Phgm Thanh Hoan (2006), Tfnh toan kit ciu bing phan mSm Ansys, NXB.
Xdy dflng, Hd Nbi.
Ngay nhan bai: 19/6/2015 Ngdy chd'p n h | n dang:10/9/2015 Ngfldi phdn bi$n: ThS. Trdn Quang Ha
ThS. Phgm Ufnh
^.^.-^ <. -^
Hinh 2.13: Md hinh dit Itfc Idn khung xe Hybrid trong Ansys
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