KHOA HOC - CONG NGHE .
Nghien cuu hien trang va de xuat giai phap ijng dung giao thong thong minh
cho giao thong duong bp TR Hal Phong
I TS. PHAM VAN TRUNG - TrUdng Dai hpc Hdng hdi Viit Nam
TOM TAT: Giao thong thong minh cho giao thong duong bp dang la xu the tat yeu cho su phat tnen ci!ia nganh GTVT tren the gidi H^i Phong la mpt thanh pho cang trung tam phia B§c, co v\ tri quan trong trong su phat trien chung cOs dat nudc Viec tnen khai he thong giao thong thong minh cho TP H^i Phong la huong di dung d§n, khoa hpc va mang tinh thuc tien rat cao
T(J KHOA. Giao thong thong minh, giao thong duong bp, TP. Hal Phong.
ABSTRACT: Intelligent traffic for road traffic is an indispensable trend for the development of the transport industry in the world Hai Phong is a northern central port city, having an important position in the general development of the country, the implementation of intelligent transport system for Hai Phong city is the right and scientific direction and it IS highly practical.
KEYV\/ORDS: Intelligent Transport, road traffic, Hai Phong city
I.DATVANO^
Ve CO ban, he thong giao thdng thdng minh (IntelligentTransport Systems, ITS) la sUket hop gida cae phaong phap tinh, cdng nghe thdng tin va ky thuat vien thdng vao nganh GTVT.
- Ket hpp ky thuat cao nha dien td, kiem soat t a ddng, vien thdng va edng nghe thdng tin trong cac phuong tien giao thdng va trang thiet bi giao thdng nham cung cap dich vu va thdng tin giao thdng;
- Khoa hpe hda/fii ddng hda trong quan ly va dieu hanh he thong giao thdng;
- Nang eao tinh an toan va hieu quS giao thdng.
He thdng ITS tao ra daoc sa lien ket chat che gida cae yeu to cua he thdng GTVT (Ket cau ha tang giao thdng - Phaong tien - Yeu to con ngadi - Hinh 1.1) nham dat dapc cac muc tieu (loi ich) dat ra nha sau:
Hinh 1.1: Mdi tuong quan giao thdng thdng minh vi cac yeu to hi thdng giao thdng - Cung cap thdng tin ve cac tuyen dudng va tinh trang giao thdng thUc te de ehpn dudng di thieh hop, giam UTGT;
-Tin hteu den thay doi theo thdi gian thge te ddi vdl tdng nut giao, tdng tuyen dadng, thuan loi di chuyen, giam thdt gian hanh trinh;
- Giam thdt gian ehddpi tin hieu den tai eae nut giao, dong thdi lam eho ta tUdng lat xe t h o i i mai, de chju;
- Lapng carbon thap dap dng cho sg tang trUdng xanh (giam khi thai);
- Nang eao hieu q u i nang lae kinh te bang viec giam ehi phi van chuyen, giam cht phi duy tri trang thiet bi, giam nang lupng;
- Tang cUdng ATGT thong qua viec thiet lap thoi quen tuan thd luat giao thdng va phdng tranh TNGT.
Ngay nay, ITS da t r d thanh xu hUdng dng dung pho bien cho mang ladi giao thdng cda nhieu thanh phd/quoc gia d ea cac nude phat trien, dang phat trien. DUdi d i y la tdng ket mdt so thanh tdu ITS trong va ngoai nude.
Hoa Ky da xay dung chien luoc ITS giai doan 2015 - 2019, ddng thdi xay dung kien trdc ITS hoan chinh. Vt du, tai bang Michigan cua My, ITS da lam toe dp xe tai gid eao diem tang 35%, thdi gian lai xe giam 19%, ty l&TNGT cua xe buyt edng cpng giam 20%.
Lien minh GTVT chau Au cd ke hoach hanh dpng va ehi t h | 2010/40/EU cho he thong ITS, theo dd nhi^u qude gta tien tien thupc EU (BI, Bun-ga-ri, Czech, Dan Mach, Phan Lan, Phap, Hung-ga-ri, Italia, Bo Bao Nha,
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KHOA HOC-CONG NGHE. 56 04/2019
Ru-ma-ni, Nga, Tay Ban Nha, Thuy Dien, Thuy Sy, Anh...) da nhanh chdng trien khai dng dung. Cac he thdng thdng minh d chau Au khien sd laong phUong tien tham gia giao thdng da giam 35%, so vu TNGT giam 30%, tdc do xe tang them 10 - 29%, thdi gian hanh trinh cua phaong tien giao thdng ca nhan giam 17%, cua phuong tien giao thdng cong edng giam 14.4%. Ngoai ra, UTC ket hop vdi he thdng quan ly phuong tien (VMS) da lam giam phat that khi gay 6 nhiem (NOX, CO, HC) td26-30%.
Tai Viet Nam, he thdng ITS tren cae tuyen dudng cao tdc dupe nghien edu va trien khai sdm, mang lai hteu qua eao trong quan ly giao thdng. Bien hinh la he thong giao thdng thdng minh tren dudng Phap Van - Cau Gie, Ha Npi - Hat Phdng, Ha Ndi - Lao Cai. Ben canh dd, ITS d dd thl eung tdng bade tnen khai, dien hinh la HaNdi,TPHdChiMinh vaDa Ning, mdt so tin hieu tich eUc nhusau:
-Tai Ha Ndi, ket qua sau 3 nam trien khai thac hien
"Chaong trinh mijc tieu giam UTGT tren dia banTP. Ha Npi giai doan 2012 - 2015" da giam mot each ro ret, td 89 diem ijn tac nghiem trpng xudng edn 51 diem, TNGT da giam tren ea 3 tieu ehi. TP. Ha Ndi eo dupe thanh quit nhUvay mpt phan nhd hoat ddng hteu qua cua Trung tam Dieu khien den tin hieu giao thdng hi^n dai va thiet bi ngoai vi (den tin hieu, camera...).
Viec daaTrung tam Dieu hanh d e n t i n hieu giaothdng mdi vao hoat ddng (td 10/2014} da cai thien dang ke tinh hinh UTGT eijaThu do, tien tdi t i ; dpng dieu khien chu ky den giao thdng phu hpp vdt lUu lUPng phUPng tien tdng thdi diem.
- Tat TP. Ho Chi Minh, Trung tam Dieu khien giao thdng cung da daoc xay dgng. He thong camera giam sat giao thdng duac lap dat. Thanh phd dang thUe hien chaong trinh"Qng dung Khoa hpc cdng nghe giam UTGT giai doan 2013 - 2015 tam nhin den 2020" nham "Nghien ctlu thdnghlem va dUa vao ang dung cac giai phap cong nghe eho he thdng giao thdng thong minh nham nang cao hieu qua khai thae va phat trien he thdng co sd ha tang giao thdng hien hdu tren dja ban Thanh phd, gdp phan giai quyet tinh trang UTGT".
-Tai Da NSng, Sd GTVTTP. Da NSng da xay dgng ehuong trinh he thong giao thdng thong minh hpn eho toan thanh phd. Trung tam Dieu hanh Den tin hieu Giao thdng va Van tai edng cdng TP. Da NSng tien hanh lap dat he thong camera giam sat giao thdng, ho trp giam sat, dieu hanh va giup lUe lapng Cdng an giam sat eae vi pham va tien tdi thUe hien "xd phat ngudi". DUan xaydung va nang cap he thdng tin hieu va dieu khien giao thdng TP. Ba Nang thge hien t d nam 2004 den nam 2012 t d nguon vdn ODA eua Tay Ban Nha, tien hanh dieu khien phdi hpp eae nut giao thdng tren mdt so tuyen dudng theo hinh thdc "lan sdng xanh".
Hal Phdng la cda ngd cang bien phia Bae cua ea nudc. Giao thdng do thi TR Hal Phdng dang ddi dien mdt sd van de gay gat ve nan UTGT,TNGT, gia tang luu lUpng xe ed, xe container va d nhiem moi tradng.
Cac he thdng quan ly va dieu khien giao thdng hien hdu (bao gom he thdng den tin hieu, trung tam dieu khien va he thong camera giam sat giao thdng cua thanh phd) deu xuong cap nghiem trpng, can dUPedau tu, nang cap, eai tao. Song song vdi viee nang cap eosd ha tang giaothdng, viee eai thien nang lUequan ly, dieu khien, cudng ehe giao thdng la rat can thiet de thao gd cac van de hien tai cua giaothdng do thj Thanh pho.
2. MUC TIEU LAP OAT HE THONG GIAO T H O N G T H O N G wilNH CHOTP. H A I PHONG
- Nang eao nang lue khai thae ket eau ha tang giao thdng do thl, gdp phan giam thieu un tac, TNGT va d nhiem mdi tradng: Xay dung he thong do dem lUu lupng ddng phUOng tien theo thdt gian thUc tieh hop vdt he thong dieu khien den tin hieu giao thong ho trp edng tae phan luong giao thdng hop ly, tranh xung dot giao thdng, toi Uu hda viec khai thac ket cau ha tang giao thong dadng bd nham tang kha nang lau thdng cilia phaong tien, gdp phan giam thieu un tac, TNGT va giam thieu khi thai eua phuong tien, d nhiem mdi tradng.
- Cung cap thdng tin giao thdng tien ich eho ngadi tham gia giao thdng, tao thuan lot va an toan eho ngUdi, phaong tien tham gia giao thdng: Xay dgng Trung tam Dieu khien giao thdng thdng minh tdng hop toan bd thdng tin giao thdng theo thdi gian thge tren dja ban Thanh phd, thong tin nay se duac cung cap tdi ngUdi tham gia giaothdng tren nhieu kenh thong tin nhu bten bao thdng tin giao thong dien td, Internet, dien thoai di dpng...,giLipngUdi tham gia giao thonged the dieu tiet giao thong t u than, laa ehpn tuyen dudng dt hpp ly, chij ddng tranh diem UTGT.
- Giam sat va xd ly eae t'mh hudng khan cap: Dau tu, lap dat he thdng camera ky thuat so tai cac nut giao thdng trpng diem, dia diem thieh hpp de xac nhan tinh trang un tac va sg co giao thong ket hpp vdi he thong thdng tin hen lae ket ndi, ehia se thdng tin vdi eae lUe luong chdc nang (CSGT, dich vy cap cdu, cdu hp, phdng ehay ehda chay..) nham xd ly eae su eo giao thdng hieu qua va tde thdi.
3. PHAM VI DAU TU VA NGUYEN TAC Ll/A CHON PHAM VI LAP OAT
- Pham vi dau tU: Tren eo sd dieu kien ve dia gidi hanh ehinh, GTVT eija Thanh phd, quy md dau tU cua d u an trong giai doan nay se Uu tien dau t a trong khu vUe npi do cua thanh phd, tai cac khu vUe cd mat dp giao thdng Idn, do do de xuat nghien cdu d u an trong 4 quan ndi thanh gom: Hong Bang, Ngd Quyen, Hal An, LeChan.
- Nguyen tac Iga chpn pham vi lap dat: Can edvao chdc nang eua he thong giao thdng thdng minh duoc thiet ke, hien trang giao thdng thanh pho va t d dd se lUa ehpn khu vUc theo nguyen tac:
-I- Lua chon khu vUc cd mat dp giao thong Idn, da xay ra va ed nguy co xay ra tinh trang UTGT, co nhieu tuyen dadng quan trong {hadng tam, xuyen tam, vanh dai), no!
ed dieu kien ha tang on dinh;
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KHOA HOC-CONG NGHE-
-I- Cac vi tri lap dat thiet bi can duac khoanh vung dau t u tap trung, tai eae nut giaothdng lien ke tren tuyen, trong khu vue... de phat huy hieu qua he thong;
+ Thuan lpi trong viec danh gia hieu qua lap dat, de dang md rpng pham vi dau tU trong eae giai doan sau.
4. OE X U A T PHAM VI L A P OAT
- Qua ra soat hien trang giao thdng eua thanh pho de xuat nghien cdu dau tU trong pham vt gidi han bdi eae tuyen phd: Bten Bien Phu, Hoang Van Thy, Quang Trung, Tran Nguyen Han, Td Hieu, Le Lot va Da N i n g . Day la pham vi ed dieu kien ket cau ha tang giao thong da on djnh, bao gdm cac doan tuyen dUdng vanh dai thanh pho, cae tuyen dudng true chinh, trong dd co cac nut giao thdng trpng diem, cd tinh ket noi eao, vao gtd cao diem da xay ra tinh trang UTGT (Cau Dat -Td Hieu, Cau Dat - Hai Ba TrUng, Cau Dat - Nguyen Ddc Canh...) va cd nguy eo UTGT (Dien Bien Phu - Hoang Van Thy, Bien Bien Phu - Binh Tien Hoang, Dien Bien Phu - Tran Phu, Nguyen Tri PhUOng - Hoang Van Thu, Nguyen Tri Phuong - Dinh Tien Hoang...). Ben canh dd, dac diem den 80% chuyen di cua ngUdi tham gia giao thdng (ket thue ehuyen di, di ngang qua) hudng t i m vao khu vUe gidi han tren.
-I- 19 nut giao thdng de xuat la cac nut giao thdng tren cae true dudng ehinh, ed lUu lUong phUOng tien giao thdng Idn va lien ke vdi nhau, t d dd tao ra sg dong bd, tuong tac glQa cac nut vdt nhau, vdt dac diem dd se phat huy tdi da nang Ige eua he thdng giao thdng thdng minh trong thuc hien cae ehde nang; Bieu khien den tin hieu giao thdng t u ddng, tao ra lan sdng xanh tren tuyen; thu thap dd lieu giao thdng, giam sit rinh trang giao thdng phuc vu dieu tiet, phan luong giao thdng, pho bien thong tin giaothdng...
Sau lap dat, danh gia, rut kinh nghiem se tien hanh dau t u tren dia ban 4 quan trung tam thanh phd la Hong Bang, Ngd Quyen, Le Chin, Hit An).
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Hinh 4.4: Vi tri cae nut giao thdng dukien lap dit cic thiet bi ngoai vi (tiep)
KHOA HOC - CONG NGH6
So 04/2019
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Hinh 4.5: Vi tri cic niit giao thdng du kien lap dit cae thiet bj ngoai vi (tiep) S . O A N H GlA HIEU QUA AP DUNG
Viec ap dung md hinh He thdng quan ly giao thong do thl thdng minh TR Hai Phdng se g i i m thieu lupng carbon, khi thai eae phuong tien, dap dng yeu eau tang tradng xanh, tae ddng tich cue tdi mdi trudng dd thi, gdp phan xay dUng phat trien do thi An toan -Van minh - Hien dai - Phat trien ben vdng.
Ket q u i thUc hien dg an dem lai cac hieu qua trge tiep sau:
- Nang cao hieu Ige cdng tac giam sat, cadng che xd phat vi pham giaothdng dUdng bp; cdng tae d i m b i o an ninh va t r i t t g do thj;
- Nang cao hieu q u i , chat lUPng dieh vu van t i i hanh khach cdng eong, gdp phan kiem soat sd dyng phuong tien giao thdng co gidi ea nhan;
- Ning eao nang lUc to chdc, quin ly, dieu hanh va kiem soat giao thdng do thi eilia eie eo quan quan ly nha nude;
- Nang eao y thdc eua ngUdi dan tham gia giao thong.
Ngoai ra, eon dem lai cac hieu qua dau tU ve kinh te-xa hdi nhusau:
* Hieu gud kinh te:
-Theo kinh nghiem eua cac nUde phat tnen (FHVl/A, 2009): Dau ta 01 USD vao he thong giao thdng thdng minh trong q u i n ly dieu hanh giao thdng, Ipi feh dat dupe la 25 USD t d viee dam b i o ATGX dt ehuyen linh hoat va bio ve mdt trudng.
- Ddt vdi giao thdng do thj, dau tU 01 USD vao he thdng den tin hieu giao thdng thong minh, Ipt t'eh dat dupe la 40 USD t d viec tiet kiem thdi gian va tiet kiem tieu hao nhien lieu, eu the la giam 25% thdi gian ehd va giam 22% laong khithai.
Mpt sd ehi tieu hieu qua cd the lupng hda theo cac cdng thde sau:
+ Hieu qua t d giam thdi gian di chuyen;
+ Hieu qua t d giim thieu thdi gian dt ehuyen lai phan thanh Ipi ich tiet kiem thdi gian van hanh hang hda va Ipt ich tiet kiem thdi gian di chuyen hanh khich.Thdi gian eda
mdt ngay ed the phan thanh "Thdi gian cdng viec"va "Thdi gian ngoat cdng viec" hoac "Thdi gian hanh chinh" va "Thdi gian ngoai gid hanh ehinh" Nha vay, thdi gian eua con ngudi cd the sd dung "dong tien" de tinh t o i n va so sanh.
Ket qua nghien edu d eae qude gia chau Au bieu thi ty le hai loai nay la 0.15 - 0.5. Trong phin tieh kinh te, dai bd phan lay la 0.33 (tuong duong 1/3).Tinh hieu q u i nhUsau:
Gia trj thdi gian edng t i e trong nam cua mpt doan dadng dai nha't dinh duoc xae dinh nhusau:
F^ = 365.Q.T.N.P. AV (1) Trong do. 1/^^-Gta trj thdi gian eong tae cija mdt nam
cCia tat c i xe tieu ehuan qua mdt doan dudng; Q - LUu lupng ngay cua xe tieu chuan (xe/ngay); T-Tiet kiem thdi gian binh quan cua mpt xe tieu chuan tren mdt doan dudng; N - So hanh khaeh tren xe tieu ehuan (khdng ke ngudi phue vy); P - Ty le xuat hanh cong tae eua hanh khieh eda xe tieu chuan; AV - Gia trj thdi gian cdng tae binh quan 01 ngUdi cua xe tieu chuin.
Gia tri thdi gian ngoai cdng t i e eua mot doan dudng, trong 01 nam dupe tinh theo edng thdc:
V,=-i65-Q-T-N-{\-P).AVU (2) Trong do: V^- Gta tri thdi gian ngoai gid cua nam xe
tieu chuan cua mot doan dudng; AVU - Gta tri thdi gian ngoai gid eua xe tieu ehuan.
- Gta trj tiet kiem thdi gian cua hang hda ndt ehung duoe tinh bang edng thde:
' V. = ^ < i ± ^ (3) 365x24
Trong do: V^^ - Gia trt thdt gian eua hang hda, VND/h.
tan; P,- Gia tri trung binh cua hang hda, VND/tan; 1 - Lpi tde, %.
- Gia trj tiet kiem trong mdt nam eua hang hda tren dudng:
•C^.^ =365xOxrx.4£.D, xr,„ (4) Trong do: V - Gii trt thdi gian eua h i n g hda trong
mdt nam cua tat ca eae xe tren mpt doan dudng; Q - LUu laong ngay binh quan xe tat tieu ehuan (xe/ngay); T-Tiet kiem thdi gian binh quan eua mpt xe tieu chuan tren mdt doan dadng; y\/.D-Trpng lUpng (tii trong) binh quan xe tieu chuan.
+ Hieu qua t d giam chi phiTNGT:
Van de TNGT t i e ddng nghiem trong den kinh te va xa hdi. NgUdi chet va thUdng tich doTNGT khdng nhdng gay ton that dang ke nguon Igc eua mdt qude gia ma cdn g i y nen tdn that ve tinh than, v i t ehat eho gta dinh va ban beeua ngudi bi tai nan.Trong nghien cdu cua ASEAN (2004) sddyng phuong phap gia tri eupc sdng con ngudi de danh gia thiet hai do TNGT dadng bp da chi ra ton that tai nan (td vong, ehan thUOng, thiet hat tai san) d Viet Nam la 885 trieu USD, ehiem khoing 2.45% GDP hang nam. Theo ket qua nghien cau rieng biet dot vdi Viet Nam, Ude ti'nh dUOc cac thiet hai ve kinh te nam 2007 vdi cac phi ton tinh rieng theo 4 loat: Chet ngudi, ehan thuang nghiem trong, chan thuong it nghiem trong va chithiet hai ve tai sin.Theodd, tong thiet hai len tdt hon 32 nghin ty ddng, ehiem khoing 2.89% GDP
Theo tai lieu "The True Cost of Road Crashes" cd the tinh gia tri Ipi ieh kinh te hang nam (B) do ban che
109
KHOA HOC-CONG N G H E .
dupe con sd t d vong va ehan thuong TNGT theo each tinh sau:
B = VSL X (SoTNGT) x (he sd g i i m TNGT%) (5) Trong dd: VSL (Value of Statistical Life} - Gia tri cua tuoi thp eupc sdng con ngUdi; VSL = (a + b* Method) * (GDP dau ngudi) vdi a ^ 41 va b = 30; Method = 1, neu ap dyng phuong p h i p sSn sang cht tra (Willingness to Pay-
"WTP") va Method = 0, neu ap dung ly thuyet "vdn eon ngudi" (Human eapital-"HC").
Ngoai ra, chUOng trinh IRAP cung khuyen cao each tinh gia tri lOi ich kinh te hang nam (B) theo cong thde sau: B- (Con sd t d vong giam trong nam) x 70 x (GDP dau ngudi) -I- (Con so bj thuong nang giam trong nam) x 0.25 X 70 X (GDP dau ngUdi).
Theo cac tai lieu nude ngoai, trong vdng 12 thang dau tien tai Ventuna, CA, da cd sg giam dang ke cie vu va cham do vupt den do tai cac not dupe giam sat bang he thdng camera td37 - 70%. Ventuna eung giam duoc 19%
cie vu va cham do vupt den dd trong khap thanh pho t d khi bat dau chuong trinh.
Bao c i o eua Dpi giao thdng thudc Bd Cinh sit Toledo eho thay, ed sg giam cac vy TNGT tren tdng the la 26% tai cac noi duoc g i i m sat b i n g camera, dac biet la d cic nut giao thdng, thong ke da chi ra sggiam sd vy TNGT den 65%.
Theo bao cao cua FHWA (2009) trien khai ITS/GTTM eho mdt so thanh phd d My, viee dng dung he thong giao thdng thdng minh da giam dupe 40 - 50% vu tai nan. Tuong tU, theo bao cao Hiep hdi Giao thdng thdng minh Han Quoc (KEC, 2012), viee dng dung he thong giao thdng thdng minh, t d nam 2009 tai Han Quoc da cho thay sd tai nan giam 57% va so t d vong glim 50%.
+ Hieu qua tdgiam nhien lieu:
Do trong qua trinh di ehuyen tren dadng vi tiet kiem dupe thdi gian van ehuyen ma tU nhien dan tdi giam dapc lupng tieu hao nhien lieu, vi vay cd duoc loi ieh tieu hao nhien lieu. Cdng thde tiet kiem nhien lieu:
F^=365xQxFxVxTx\00 (6) Trong do: F-Lupng tieu hao nhien lieu tieu ehuan (1/
xe.l00km);F-Luong tiet kiem nhien lieu nam (lit); V-Toe dd trung binh eua xe (km/h);T-Tiet kiem thdi gian trung binh eda xe tren doan dudng (h); Q - LUu luong xe binh quan ngay (xe/ngay).
LPI ich tiet kiem tieu hao nhien lieu:
C, =P, x f ; " (7) Trong do: C^ - Gia trt tiet kiem nhien lieu mpt nam (VND); P^-Gii nhien heu.
+ Hieu q u i do giam UTGT:
Lpi ich g i i m un tac cd the dupe tinh theo cdng thdc sau:
5.-(Q-C-„)xL,x(a^-0,) (8) Trong do: B^- ITS lam eho dudng hien hdu giam iJn
t i e ma phat stnh lOi ich (VNB/nam); C^- Chi phi van hanh eua dudng hien hdu kht chua ed hang muc, VNB/ngUdi, km hay VND/tan.km); C^^- Chi phi van hanh cija dUdng hien hdu khi ed hang mye, (VND/ngUdl.km hay VNB/tan.
|km); Qg^- LUOng van ehuyen hanh khach kht chua cd hang myc (ngUdi/nam va tan/nam); Q^- Luong van chuyen
hanh khach sau khi ed hang muc (ngUdi/nam va t i n / nam); L^- Chieu dat doan dUdng dUpc cii tao hang muc thiet bi ITS (km).
-I- Hieu qua t d giam n h i n Ige phuc vu giao thong:
Do dau t u he thong ITS ma lUc luong phuc vu (CSGT) tai cic chdt giao thdng g i i m xudng hoac thdi gian ddng chot g i i m xudng do khdng un tic, giam TNGT, t d dd tao Igc lUOng phuc vu cho cong viec khic va l i m cho he thong v i n hanh tdt han. Cong thdc tinh toan cd the van dung cac cdng thde tinh hi§u q u i do g i i m thdt gian di chuyen.
Theo tinh toan, Udc tinh hieu qua ve mat tai chinh khoang 50 - 55 ty ddng/nam.
6. KET L U A N
- Giao thdng dd thi TR Hai Phong dang ddi mat vdi van de UTGT, TNGT, gia tang Idu lUpng phUOng tien, xe container va d nhiem mdi trUdng.
- Cac he thdng q u i n ly va dieu khien giao thdng hien hCfu (bao gdm he thong den tin hieu, trung tam dieu khien va he thdng camera g i i m sit giao thdng cOa thanh phd) deu xuong cap nghiem trpng, can dupe dau tu, nang cap, cai tao. Song song vdi viec n i n g cap eo sd ha tang giao thdng, viee cii thien nang Ige q u i n ly, dieu khien, cUdng ehe giao thong la rat can thiet de thao gd eae van de hien tai eda giao thdng dd thi Thanh p h d
-He thdng q u i n ly giao thdng do thj thdng minhTR Hii Phdng can duac Uu tien trien khai de dap dng cac yeu eau cap bach cija Thanh pho ve quan ly va dieu hanh giao thdng dd thi, gdp phan giam thieu UTGT, TNGT, 6 nhiem mdt trudng. Ket q u i d g i n dat dupe hUdng den x i y dung va phat trien TR Hai Phdng An toan - Van minh - Hien dai - Phat trien ben vdng.
Tai lieu tham khSo
[1]. Roger RRoess, Elena S.Prassas (2004), Traffic engineering, William R.McShane - Pearson prentice Hall.
[2. Introduction to intelligient Transportation Systems - China Communication Press, 2008.
Ngay nhan bai: 19/02/2019 Ngay chap nhan dang: 01/4/2019 Ngadi phan bien: TS.Tran DLTC Phu
TS. Nguyen Hoang
