NGUYEN NGOC PHUC - Dcie diem sinh ly phdt due vd ndng sudt sinh sun ...
DAC DIEM SINH LY P H A T DUG v A N A N G S U A T SINH S A N
C U A L O N C A l LAI TDI
Nguyin .\ggc Phuc*. Trinh Hdng Son, \'u Vdn Quang vd Dinh Vdn Hdng
Tr ung tam nghien cuu lon Thuy Phuong - Tii- Liem - Ha Ngi
* Dia chi lien he : Nguyen Ngoc Phuc
Tel: (04) 8,383,840 / 0983,052,811; Fax: (04),8,989,966; Email: phuc_vcn@yahoo,com
ABSTRACT
Physiological characteristics of puberty and reproductive performance of crossbred 'emale TDI The study was to investigate physiological characteristics of puberty and reproductive performance of crossbred female pigs T D I , which were created by mating the VCN05 sow (the Meishan synthetic line) to the VCNOl boar (Large White), A total of 42 TDI and 30 VCN12 females and their 350 litters were involved in the study, Tbj TDI exhibited their reproductive performance as high as VCN 12 sows did. It concluded that the TDI females would be used for reproduction.
Key words. TDI, Meishan pig, puberty, reproductive performance,
DAT V A N DE
Lgn Meishan (MS) dugc biet den la mdt gidng Ign ciia Trung Qudc cd kha nang de sai nhat trong sd cac gidng Ign cd tren the gidi. Cac ket qua nghien cim tren the gidi cho thay gidng Ign nay khdng chi thanh thuc sdm ma cdn de sai hon rat nhieu so vdi cac gidng lgn trang ciia chau Au (Haley vii Lee, 1993).
Nhidu nam qua. chiiang trinh lai tao cac gidng lgn cua cac nude Phuong Tay da su dung Ign MS de nang cao nang suat sinh san cua dan ign nai vdi viec khai thac tdi da uu the lai ciia con me trong cac td hgp lai cd gidng MS (Kuhler, 1988), Dieu dac bidt la uu the lai giua lgn MS va cac gidng Ign tring ciia chau Au cao hon khi lai giira cac gidng Ign trang Chau Au vdi nhau (Mercer va Host, 1994).
d Viet Nam. Trai lgn gidng hat nhan Tam Diep (Ninh Binh) dang sir dung cac ddng lgn cd ngudn gdc PIC. Trong so dd, Ign cai ddng tdng hgp VCN05 cd mau MS dugc lai vdi Ign due Landrace (ddng VCN02) tao ra ddng dng ba VCN 12. Lgn cai bd me CA la td hgp lai giiia cai VCN 12 vdi Ign due ddng tdng hgp VCN03 (Duroc trang. DR) dugc sir dung dc san xuat ign thuong phim 5 mau dugc thj trudng ngudi chan nudi ua thich.
Tai Viet Nam, cac nghien cim ciia cac tac gia Nguydn Nggc Phuc va cs. (2003); Nguyen Nggc Phuc va cs. (2005) cho bidt cac td hgp lgn lai cd mau MS ndi tren deu cho nang suat sinh san cao va dn djnh trong didu kien dja phuang. Viec md rgng khai thac ngudn gen gidng lgn MS cd ngudn g6c PIC tai Viet Nam bing viec thir nghiem lai chiing vdi cac gidng lgn cao san khac la can thiet.
Do vay, Trung tam nghien cim Ign Thuy Phuong da thir nghiem lai Ign cai ddng VCN05 vdi Ign due Yorshire (ddng VCNOl) cd ciing ngudn gdc PIC de tao ra lgn cai lai TDI sir dung lam lon nai sinh san.
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghi Chdn nudi - S6 12-Thdng 6-2008
Nham muc tieu danh gia kha nang sinh san cua cua td hgp Ign lai TDI ndi tren, chiing tdi da tien hanh de tai nghien cim "Dac diem sinh ly phat due va nang suat sinh san cua lgn lai TDI".
VAT LIEU vA PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN ClTU Doi tugng nghien ciru
Nghien cim cac chi tieu sinh ly phat due cua Ign cai hau bj dugc tien hanh tren 42 lgn cai dng ba TDI va 30 lgn cai dng ba VCN 12. Cac chi tieu sinh san dugc theo ddi tren 190 d de cua TD 1 va 160 d de ciia nai VCN 12 (lira 1 -6).
Lgn cai TDI va VCN 12 la hai td hgp lai cua lgn cai ddng VCN05 theo So dd 1 va 2. Nang suat sinh san dugc nghien cim tren 190 d de cua lgn nai TDI va 130 d de cua lgn nai VCN 12 lira 1 -6. Cac nghien cim tren deu dugc tien hanh tren dan dan lgn cua Trai lgn gidng hat nhan Tam Diep (Ninh Binh) trong thdi gian 2003-2006.
Due LI6 (Landrace) x Cai VCN05 (MS)
i
Due LI6 (Landrace) x Cai VCN05(MS)V
DucVCN03(DR) x Cai VCN 12 Due VCN03 (DR) x Cai VCN 12
i
Lon cai CA Lon cai CA
Sa do 1, Cong thirc lai tao ciia lgn cdi VCN05 vai du-c VCN02
Sa do 2. Cong thirc lai tao cua lgn cdi VCN05 vai dire VCN02
Chii thich: L06: VCN02; L95: VCN05; LI9: VCN03: CI230: VCN 12; LII: VCNOl.
Noi dung nghien ciru
Kha nang sinh trudng va phat due cua lg cai TDI • i .,, Nang suat sinh san cua Ign nai TDI va VCN 12
Phuong phap nghien ciru
Lgn cai hau bj dugc chgn Igc va nudi tap trung 13-15 con^d den trudc khi phdi gidng. Lgn dugc an bing thiic an lgn thit theo chd do tu do den khi dat khoang 90 kg/con, sau dd che do an dugc kiem soat va dieu chinh tuy theo the trang, khdng de lgn qua beo hoac gay. Sau khi da chgn Igc lan cudi, tiem phdng vaccine, Ign cai dii tieu chuan lam gidng dugc chuyen sang cui ca the ciia Ign chd phdi gidng.
Tai day, Ign dugc phdi gidng khi da 4at yeu cau. Ddng due cua Ign cai hau bj dugc theo ddi ngay 2 lan vao budi sang va chieu. Khi ddng due lan dau, lgn dugc can kiem tra tang trgng.
Khi da dii tudi (7-8 thang tudi) va dat KL co thd theo yeu ciu tir 110-140 kg, Ign cai dugc phdi gidng (PG) bing thu tinh nhan tao vdi tinh dure VCN03 2lan each nhau 12gid. can va do do day md lung (DML) tai diem P2 bang may sieu am Renco (USA).
NGUYEN NGQC PHUC - Ddc diem sinh ly phdt due vd ndng sudt sinh sdn ...
Cac chi tieu ciia Ign hau bj dugc theo ddi gom tudi, khdi lugng va thdi gian keo dai ciia lin ddng due dau tien; tudi. khdi lugng va day mg lung (DML) tai P2 khi phdi gidng lin diu cung nhu Uidi de lira dau. Lgn chira dugc nudi trong ciii ca thd va cho an thiic an lgn chira. Trudc khhi de mdt tuin, lgn nai dugc chuyen sang chudng Ign de. Lgn nai de va lgn con dugc nudi trong chudng Idng cd d um va sudi cho Ign con. Lgn con dugc tiem bd sung dextran sit (200 mg), cat nanh, bam dudi va bam sd tai ngay ngay tuoi diu tien, tap an liic 7 ngay tuoi va cai siia luc 3 tuan tudi. Ddi vdi lgn nai, cac chi tieu dugc theo ddi tren d de tir liia 1- 6 gdm so con sdng khi so sinh va cai siia, khoi lugng lgn con so sinh va cai siira, thdi gian phdi gidng lai sau cai sira va khoang each lira de. . • ; , , ., ,;
Xu ly so lieu
Phan tich ANOVA cac sd lieu thi nghiem bing md hinh tuydn tinh tdng hgp GLM tren phin mdm thdng ke Minitab 13.31.(2000). So sanh cac gia trj trung binh binh phuong nhd nhit ciia cac chi tieu theo phuong phap Tukey.
KET QUA VA T H A O L U A N
Kha nang sinh truotig va phat due cua lgn cai TDI
Bang 1. Gia tri trung binh binh phuong nhd nhat ddi vdi cac chi tieu sinh ly sinh san cua lgn cai d giai doan hau bj
Cac chi tieu
— — ^
Tudi ddng due lan dau (ngay) The trgng khi ddng due lan dau (kg) Thdi gian ddng due lan dau (ngay) DML tai P2 khi PG lin diu (mm) The trgng khi PG lan dau (kg) Tudi PG lira dau (ngay)
Tudi de liia dau (ngay) ^
**,• P<0.0l, NS: P>0,05: LSM: Trung binh phuang tdi thiiu ; SE: Sai sd chudn ciia cdc sd trung binh
Kdt qua tai Bang 1 cho thiy, lgn TDI ddng due lin diu khi dat 155,14 ngay tuoi va thd trgng 98 kg. tuong duong vdi cac chi tieu nay d VCN 12 (158,03 ngay mdi va 98,37 kg, P>0,05).
Ddng thdi, thdi gian ddng due keo dai tuong duong nhau, 5,33 ngay ddi vdd TDI va 5,60 ngay ddivoi VCN12(P>0,05).
Tuy nhien, TDI cd thd trgng khi phdi gidng lin diu (123,31 kg) cao ban so vdi VCN 12 (118 kg, P<0,01) mac dii tudi PG lin diu la nhu nhau (P>0,05). TDI cung cd tudi de liia diu (336,76 ngay) tuong duong vdi VCN12 (338,0 ngay, P>0,05).
Nhu vay. lgn cai hau bj TDI sinh trudng va phat due tuong duong vdi lgn cai VCN 12 va tudi thanh thuc ciia TDI cung nhu VCN 12 ddu rat sdm. Trong thi nghiem nay, ca TDI va VCN 12 ddu thd hien dac didm thanh thuc sdm cua gidng lgn Meishan.
Cac nghien ciru vd lgn Meishan cho thiy Ign cai thuin cd tudi thanh thuc khi d 118 ngay hidi (Christenson,l993) va Ign cai lai cd 1/2 mau Meishan thanh thuc liic 146 ngay tudi (Young, 1995).
TDI (n Mean 155,14
98,12 5,33 2,12 123,31 216,24 336,76
= 42) SE 0,95 0,75 0,17 0,02 0,67 1,37 1,70
VCN12(r Mean 158,03
98,37 5,60 2,06 118,07 217,77 338,00
1 = 30) SE 0,68 0,53 0,12 0,02 0,48 0,98 1,22
P NS NS NS NS
**
NS NS
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghe Chdn nudi - S6 12-Thang 6-2008
Nang suat sinh san ciia Ign nai TDI va VCN12
Tai Bang 2 trinh bay nang suat sinh san cua TDI va VCN 12 qua cac liia de tir 1-6. Ket qua nghien cim cho thay, TDI cd sd con so sinh sdng/d ciing nhu sd con cai siia/d dat mirc cao (ri,4 va 9,98 con) va tuong duong vai VCN 12 (11,26 va 10,17, P>0,05). Khdi lugng d Ign con sinh ciia TDI (17,37kg) ciing tuong duong vdi VCN12 (17,20kg), vdi P>0,05.
Nang suat tiet sira. dugc danh gia thdng qua khdi lugng lgn con 21 ngay tudi. cho thay TDI va VCN 12 deu dat mirc nhu nhau (P>0.05) ddi vdi khdi lugng lgn con cai sira/d d 21 ngay tudi, 0 thdi ky sau cai sira. thdi gian chd phdi gidng ciia TDI va VCN 12 tuong duong nhau va tuong irng la 9,56 ngay va 8,74 ngay (P>0,05).
Khoang each lira de trung binh ciia TDI (145,87 ngay) dai hon cua VCN 12 (143,94 ngay, P<0,05) khoang 2 ngay, cho thay ti le ddng due lai sau khi phdi gidng ciia TDI cd the cao ban so vdi VCN 12.
Bang 2. Gia trj trung binh binh phuang nhd nhat ddi vdi cac chi tieu sinh san ciia lgn nai TD 1 va VCN 12 tir lira 1 - 6
Cac chi lieu
Thdi gian mang thai (ngay) Sd con so sinh sdng/d (con) Khdi lugng so sinh sdng/d (kg) Khdi lugng so sinh/con (kg) Sd con cai siia/d (con)
Ti le nudi sdng den cai siia (%) Khdi lugng con cai siia /d (kg)
Khdi lugng cai sira binh quan/con (kg) Thdi gian phdi gidng sau cai sira (ngay)
Khoang each lira de (ngay) 145,87 0,16 143,94 0,76 *
*,• P<0.05. NS: P>0.05; Mean: Trung binh phuong tdi thieu ; SE: Sai sd chudn
Nang suat sinh san qua cac lua de tii' 1- 6 ciia lon nai TDI Cac chi tieu nang suat ciia TDI dugc the hien d Bang 3.
Ket qua bang 3 cho thay. cd sir khac nhau rd ret qua cac lira de. Sd con so sinh sdng dat miirc cao 10,7 ddn 11.81 con/d tir lira 2. trong khi do lira dau dat thap hon 1-2 con/d va lira 6 d mirc trung gian giira lira dau va cac lira cdn lai (P<0.01).
Cd the nhan thay sd con so sinh sdng/d cd xu hudng tang dan tir sau lira dau va bat dau giam dan tir lira 6. Xu hudng nay ciing ddng thdi the hien d cac chi tieu khdi lugng Ign con so sinh sdng/d, sd con cai sira va khdi lugng d lgn con cai siira. Khdi lugng con so sinh ciia cac lira d mirc 1,53-1,56 kg/con (P>0,05) va khoi lugng cai sira cua cac liia de cung dat tir 5,69-5,91 kg/con (P>0,05).
Tuy nhien, khdi lugng Ign con so sinh sdng, ti le nudi sdng va khdi lugng lgn con cai sira khdng thay ddi giira cac lira de (P>0,05). Nhu vay, ddi vdi Ign nai TDI cd the chi nen khai thac 6 lira de la hgp ly.
TDI (n=
Mean 114,56
11,40 17,37
• 1,54 9,98 89,46 58,17 5,88 9,56
= 190) SE 0,75
1,51 1,71 0,07 1,09 6,62 5,90 0,53 1,11
VCN 12 (n Mean 114.34
11,26 17,20 1,55 10,17 91,91 58,64 5.83 8,74
= 160) SE 0,49 0,99 1,12 0,05 0,72 4,33 3,86 0,35 0,72
P NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
NGUYEN NGOC PHUC - Ddc diem sinh ly phdt due vd ndng sudt sinh sdn .
Bang 3. Gia trj trung binh binh phuang nhd nhat ddi \di cac chi tieu sinh san cac lira de 1 - 6 cua Ion nai TDI
Cac chi tieu So con SS s6ng/6 (con) KL sa sinh s6ng/6(kg) KL sasiiih/
•'con(kg) So con cai sij'a/6(con) Ti le n/song cai sCra (%) KL con cai sCray6(kg) KLcai sila/con (kg)
Lira 1 (n = Mean
g.g' 15,0"
1,5
9,r
92,9 51,2^
5.7
^42) SE 0.40 0,52 0,02 0,29 1,53 1,50 0,11
Liia 2 (n = Mean
10.7' 16,5^"
1,6 g.s"*"
92,9 57.7"
5.9 39)
SE 0,43 0,55 0,02 0,31 1,63 1,59 0.12
Lira 3 (n = Mean
11.6"
17.9"
1,56 10,3"
90,7 58.2"
5,7 34)
SE 0,46 0.59 0.02
G . 3 J
1,75 1,71 0,13
Lira 4 (n = Mean
11,8"
17.9"
1,5 10,6"
91,5 60.3"
5,7 27)
SE 0.50 0,64 0.02 0,36 1,91 1,87 0,14
Lira 5 (n = Mean 11,8"
17.8"
1,5 10,6"
91,0 61,0"
5,8 26)
SE 0,51 0,66 0,02 0,36 1,94 1,90 0,14
Lira 6 (n = Mean 10,3""
15,7"' 1,5 9,5""
93,4 55,9""
5,9
^2) SE 0,55 0,71 0,03 0,40 2,11 2,07 0.15
P
+*
***
NS
**
NS
***
NS
***. P<0.001: **.• P<0,01: NS: P>0.05: Mean: TB binh phuang loi thieu ; SE: Sai sd chudn ; KL: Khdi luong
KET LUAN v A DE NGHI Ket luan
HSu het cac chi tieu vd sinh trudng va phat due ciia lgn cai TDI tuang duang vdi lgn cai dng ba VCN 12, ngoai trir khoi lugng khi phdi gidng lan dau va khoang each lira de.
Nang suit sinh san qua 6 lira de ciia TDI dat d mirc cao va tucTng duong vdi VCN 12. Dieu dd cho thiy TDI cd kha nang sinh san tdt do tiep nhan dugc cac uu diem ndi bat ve sinh san ciia gidng lgn MS, mdt trong nhung gidng lgn cd kha nang sinh san tdt nhat the gidi hien nay.
Tuy nhien, cung nhu cac gidng lgn khac. TDI cung cd cac chi tieu sinh san tang dan tir lira thir 2 va bit diu giam d lira 6, va didu dd cho thiy cd the khai thac lgn nai TDI den 6 lira de lien tilp.Nhu vay, cd thd sir dung TDI lam lgn nai sinh san.
De nghj
Cho phep nudi tir nghiem TDI va tidp tue nghien ciru cac chi tieu sinh san cua TDI va the he con lai ddi sau trong cac dieu kien khac nhau.
T A I LIEU THAM K H A O
Chnstcnson, R.K, (1993). Ovulation Rate and Embryonic Survival in Chinese Meishan and White Crossbred Pigs. J, Anim, Sci, 1993, 71, pp. 3060-3066
Haley C S md Lee G J (1993) Genetic basis of prolificacy in Meishan pigs. In: Control of Reproduction IV, Eds, GR Foscroft. MG Hunter and C. Doberstka. Supplement of The Joumal of Reproduction and Fertility Ltd, pp. 247-259.
Kuhlers. D L. (19S8). Comparisons of specific crosses from Vorkshire-Landracc, Chester White-Landrace and Chester White-Yorkshire sows. J. Anim. Sci. 66: pp.1132-1 138.
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghi Chdn nudi - So 12-Thang 6-2008
Mercer. J.T and S. Hoste, (1994). Prospects for the commercial use of Chinese pigs. Proc. 5th World Congr.
Genet. Appl. Livest. Prod, 17: pp, 327-334.
Nguyen Nggc Phuc, Nguyen van Dong, Le The Tuan, Trinh Hong Son, (2003). Nghien ciru mgt so chi tieu ning suit sinh san ctia lgn nai ong ba PIC 1230 va PIC 1050, Tap chi Nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon, S6 6-2003,tr. 721-723.
Nguyen Nggc Phuc, Nguyin Van Dong, Trinh H6ng San, Vu Van Quang, Le Thanh Hai, Pham Thj Kim Dung, Le The Tuan, Pham Duy Pham, (2005). Kha nang sinh trirong va cho thjt ciia lgn ong ba TDI, CI230, CI050 va lgn bo me CA va C22. Tomtit Bao cao Khoa Hgc. Vien Chan nuoi, thang 6-2005, tr. 53-57.
Young, L.D, (1995), Reproduction of Fl Meishan, Fengjing, Minzhu and Duroc Gilts and Sows. J. Anim. Sci.
73: pp.711-721.
^Nguoi phan bien: TS. Dao Dire Tha; TS.Phiing Thi Van
