EL
QUOCTEVAI TRO CUA CAC THINK TANK
TRONG Ddi SONG XA HOI PHl/ONG TAY HIEN NAY
• PGS, TS LE MINH QUAN Hoc vien Chinh tri quoc gia Ho Chi Minh
• Tdm tdt: Think tank d cdc nUdcphUdng Tdy Id cdc nhdm cd nhdn hoac to chdc hoat dpng nghien cdu, dUa ra tU vdn ve chinh sdch, chien lUdc vd ddng vai trd quan trgng ddi sdng chinh tri - xd hpi. d Viet Nam, den nay, khdi niem think tank vdn cdn khd mdi me; viec phdn tich, nhdn dien vai trd cua think tank cd y nghia ly ludn vd gid tri tham khdo cho viec phdt trien xd hot ndi chung hoach dinh chinh sdch ndi rieng d nUdc ta.
• TU khda: think tank, vai trd, ddi sdng xd hpi, phUdng Tdy.
1. Think tank: quan niem, lich sii hinh thanh Think tank, tiieo Ttr diln Cambridge (Anh), la rapt nhdm cde ehuyin gia dugc cMnh phii tap hop lai dl phat ttien nhimg y tudng vl mot chu dl ehuyin bill vd dua ra nhtmg ggi y vl hdnh ddng; theo Ttr dien Heritage (My), Id mot nhdm bode mdt td chirc nghien eiiu tim kiem cdc gidi phdp cho cdc van de nhdt dinh ttong cac linh vuc chinh tri, kinh te, xa hgi bode cdng nghe;
theo gidi nghiln cim phirong Tdy, think tankla mpt nhdm ed nhan hoae td chiic boat ddng nghien ciiu, dua ra cdc tu vdn vl chinh sach, chien lupc, hay cdn gpi tdt la "nhdm tu van",
"tbimg tu duy", "nha mdy y tuong", v.v.. gdm cdc chuyen gia ed vdn, eung edp y kien ve cdc vdn de ed tinh ehinh sdch.
Vl td chire vd boat ddng, cd think tank thudc tnrdng dai hpc, dang chinh tri, chmh phii. think fanfcnira chinh phu hoac pM chinhphu; cd thmk
tank pM lpi nhdn, ed think tankvi lpi nhudn; cd think tank cM tap tnmg vdo nghiln cim de xuat, cd think tank boat ddng Uln quan din xd hdi ddn su; diink tankd^ dien cho nMeu quan dilm va y thlic he khac nhau, cd xu hirdng bao thu hoac ty do. Hdu hit think tank la nhirng td chiic m nhdn doe lap, da sd la pM lgi nhudn; ddc lap vdi chinh phii, cdc nhdm lpi ich vd nhd tdi tta, chu ylu tu ehu ttong hoat ddng vd tdi chinh; my vdy, van cd the bi anh huong tii td chiie hoae ca nhdn eung cdp ngudn tdi ehuih nMeu hon.
Ve con ngudi, think fankgdra nhimg eyu ldnh dao qude gia, quan chtic Lien Hpp qude, chmh tri gia edp cao, quan ehiie hoae eyu quan chiie chinh phu, nha ngoai giao. nhd khoa hpc, nhd kinh tl hgc vd nha lanh dao kinh doanh, v.v.. Hg ehii ylu Id con ngirdi hdnh ddng, khdng phai Id nhirng ngirdi tim kiem kiln thiic sdu rpng de xdy dyng nhirng edng trinh ly thuyit hdn lam. Tilu
LYLUAN CHlNHTR!-So 11/2019
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chuan chinh cua think tank la ti'nh dde lap tu tudng, tinh sang tao va siie qudng ba anh hudng;
lap Man dya tten m tirdng. gia tri, lpi ich; nghiln cim ly thuyet, hpc thuat va ling dyng, thue ngMlm. Uy tm cua eon ngudi think tank la a ndng lye sang tao va siic anh huong, chii khdng phai chirc vu, cap bae cd tinh hdnh ehuih.
Ddi tupng (khach bang) eua think tank la ehinh phu hoae doanh nghiep. Npi dung tham gia eiia think tankvio qud trinh chinh sdch, mirc do gdn kit vdi chinh quyen rat da dang. Hinh thlic boat ddng phd biln ciia think tankla eung cdp y tudng, khuyin nghi, lya ehgn chinh sdch vd gidi tMeu nhan sy chat lugng cao vao lam vile ttong cdc CO quan ed ttdch nMlm vd tham quyen ttong qud trinh hoach dinh ehinh saeh. Phuong phap tac dpng chinh sach cua think fanA-chuyeu la cung edp y tirdng ban ddu, phdn tich ed ehdt lugng, lua chgn giai phap, khuyen nghi kha thi cho CO quan, cd nhdn hoach dmh chinh sdch;
eung cdp nhdn su ehdt lugng cao cho chinh phu tir cd vdn din chiic vu tai nhilm; tag diln ddn tiiao Man cap cao (trilu tap, td ehiie, ldm cau ndi ehinh khdeh vdi hpe gia, doanh nghiep, td chiic phi cMnh phu, nhdm lpi ich, v.v..} thdm dd.
tiiiyln tai quan diem, thdng diep eua chuih phil din edng chting vd ciia cdng chung din ehinh phii, dua ra khuyen nghi, giai phdp lya chpn ehinh sach; v.v..
San pham cua thmk tank la an pham, sdch, bdo cdo, tdm luge chinh sdch, sdn phdm hdi ngM, hpi thdo, tga dam, dl xuat, kien nghi ehinh sdch mdt each khdeh quan. dung lap, dn hda bode thao Man khdng chinh thirc vdi eae nha hoach dinh chinh sdeh va eae ben bin quan, quan diem nlu tten cae phuong tien tmyin thdng, cdc blog, mang xd hgi va cae hinh thuc ttao ddi thdng tra khae nhdm tranh thii sy tan thanh ciia edng chiing vd sy chii y eua gidi lanh dao.
Thmk tank ed ngudn goc tit Idu ttong lich sir vdi sy xuat Men ciia nhung nhdn tdi tham muu cbo ngudi cd quyin lye ra quyet dinh, quyet sdch. Theo Harper, Donald, v.v.. ngudn gdc eua thinh tank cd m cdc Jbda, Mnh thanh vdo khoang nam 318 trudc Cdng nguyen'^'. Sau ndy, theo Jacob Soil, thudt ngu think tanked thi dupe truy nguyin td cac hgc viln nhdn vdn va mang ludi hgc thudt eiia the ky XVI va XVII d phuong Tdy, khi cac nhdra ngMIn eiiu ddc lap ttd nen phd biln vd cde qudc gia thudng phu thude vdo cdc bgc gia ddc lap vd chuyen mdn eua hg'^'.
Vien Nghiln eiiu Qudc phdng va An ninh tai Ludn Ddn (Anh), ra ddi ndra 1831, ed the xem la thinh tank xudt hien sdm nhat ttln the gidi. Tdi ddu the ky XX, nMeu think tank Ion cua My ra ddi, nhu: Vien Brookings, Quy Carnegie vi hda binh qudc tl (Carnegie Endowment for Interna- tional Peace). Ban ddu, think tank la mgt td chire hoac nhdm cd nhdn boat ddng nghien ciiu dua racdcmvdnve chinh sdch, chien luge qudn su; Id "tiing long" ttong thdi chiln cua My dimg dl cM noi cdc chiln luge gia thao Man kl hoach ehiln tranh, sau do mdi md rgng sang cdc linh vuc khde. Sau ndm 1945, sd lupng cac vien chinh sdeh tdng len, vdi nhieu td ehire nhd moi hinh thanh dl thi hiln cac chuong trinh nghi sy, chinh sach; thudt ngir think tank duac phd bien ttr nhung ndm 1950 va think tank ddy du theo nghia hien dai cd tinh tu nguyen kM tham gia ede boat ddng m van, dua ra giai phdp ehinh sach khdng cd tuih bdt huge.
Cdu lac bd Rome dupe xem la mdt think tank toan cdu, thdnh lap nam 1968 6 Bellagio (Y) va Men ddt try sd dWmterthur (Thuy Si), gdra nMeu eyu vd duong kira ldnh dao quoc gia, quan chirc Lien Hop qudc, chinh tri gia cap eao, quan chiie cMnh phii, nhd ngoai gjao, nhd khoa hpc, nha lanh dao kmh doanh tten thi gidi, la "mpt
LVLUAN CHlNHTR!-So 11/2019
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QUOCTEnhdm cdng dan the gidi, cMa se mdi quan tdm ehung vl tuong lai eiia nhan loai". Think tank nay bdnh ddng nhu mpt "ehdt xuc tde" eho sy thay ddi toan edu thdng qua vile xdc dinh, phan tieh nhirng van dl edt ylu ddi vdi eon ngudi vd truyen thdng chiing den gidi hoach dinh chinh sdeh ttong ed ldnh vye cdng, m va cdng ehung.
Bdo eao "Nhimg gidi ban de tang trudng (The Lmiits to Growth) (ndm 1972) eua thmk tankniy tiing gdy su ehu y rdng rai va anh huong den boat ddng chinh sdch d nMeu nude tten thi gidi.
Think tank that su phdt trien d cac nude pbuongTdy(vattenthegdi)miihting ndm 1980.
Theo bdo cdo cua Dai hpe Pennsylvania (My), din ndm 2008, kit qua dieu tta tai 169 nude trin till gidi cho tiiay cd tdng edng 5.465 think tank, trong dd Bae My va Tdy Au ed 3080, chiem 56,35% (rieng Bdc My ed 1872); cac nude cd nhiiu diink tan^nhdt Id My (1.777), Anh (253), Diic (186)'-^'. Din nam 2011, theo Daihgc Penn- sylvania (My), ti^il gidi ed tdi 6.846 think tankma phdn ldn d cdc nude phuong Tdy, ttong do cd mpt sd think tank toan cau, phuc vu cho ea nhd nirdcvdmnhdn'^'.
Think tank da trai qua nhieu giai doan phdt trien, tii cho cM la bd phdn tham gia hoach dinh chinh sach, think tank ngay cdng phat triln thdnh tdng lap tu duy chien lupe trong xd hpi hiln dai, mdt luc lupng kinh te ddc lap, dudi dang cdc cdng ty m vdn tir kinh tl, ttr tdi ehinh din ky thuat raa "hang hda" la y tudng. Neu su ra ddi eua think tank trong hch sii cd the xem nhu Id kit qua cua phan cdng lao ddng giua
"ngudi lanh dao", "nguoi m duy" va "ngudi thira hanh", thi ngdy nay think fanA: ttd thdnh mdt gdc cau thdnh ciia tam gidc "cbi huy - tu duy - hdrtii ddng" ttong eau tnie eua qua trinh chinh sdch.
Ngdy nay, sy hgp tdc qudc te giua cdc think tank phat triln, hinh thanh nhimg think tank
hen qudc gia dap ling ylu cau gidi quyit cdc van de ehung cua nhdn loai: Xix ddi phd biln ddi kM hau, phdng chdng AIDS, ehdng ddi ngheo, khung bd, khdc phyc nan quan lilu, tiiara nhiing din xdy dung cae chuong ttinh nghi sy todn edu;
nghien ciiu nhirng vdn de chien luge trin tmh than khoa hpc, doi thoai vdi nhau bdng tmh than duy ly theo nguyin tdc "tat ca cung thdng", v.v..
tu tai chinh den ky thuat, khoa hpe - edng nghe, mang lai thu nhap eho qude gia; v.v..
Cd nhiiu yeu td tdc ddng din su hinh thanh vd phat triln eua think tank.
Vi kinh te, la su phdt trien cua kinh te tbi trudng, canh ttanh, sy tdn tai eiia cde nhdm lgi ich (tir doartii nghiep tdi chmh quyen, td cbiic phi cM'nh phu, v.v..) vdi nhu edu khdc nhau ve ehinh sdeh; sy Ion manh eua doartii nghiep, sy gidu cd cua cdc tang lap dan cu; v.v..
Ve chinh tri, la mdu thudn giiia nhirng vdn dl can giai quyet cua xa hgi vdi kha nang giai quyit eiia nhd nude; myc tilu, sir menh, mong mudn ciia ddi tupng. sy thay ddi, dilu cMnh eua ehinh sdeh, nhu edu ciia co quan, quan ehiic ehinh quyen; ddc dilm, nang lue eua he thdng chinh tti, chirtii quyen; quy dinh eua phdp Mat; sy danh gid, kha ndng vd miic dp cam kit eua chinh quyen; tinh tich cue ehinh tti, sy tham gia ciia cdng chung vdo qua ttinh ehinh sdch, raiic do thara gia cua ed nhdn vd td chue vao edng vile nha nude vd doanh nghilp; ed sy kit ndi, lien thdng giiia ca quan nghiln cim cd tinh dpc Idp vdi CO quan chinh sdeh; sy edng khai, nghilm Me, kip thdi ciia gidi cam quyen va xa hdi ttong vile tiep nhan, tra ldi va tiip thu y kiln, phdn bien, kiln nghi, eung cap tiidng tin, thu ttr, tai Ueu cbo think tank, v.v..
Vg' van hda - xi hdi. Id sy da dang eac nhdm xd hgi, CO hdi va thdch thire eiia mdi trudng xa hdi; sy phdt trien xa hpi nhanh ddi hdi tdm nhm
L*LUAN CHINHTRJ-S611/2019
vd dieu chinh cMnh sdeh kip thdi; gia tti xa hdi, lieh sir - tmyin thdng; xu hirdng, tam ly va tam thi xd hdi; sy phdt triln cua giao due (nhat la giao due dai hge), cua gidi tri thiic; sy phdt trien cua "vdn hoa ttr tMen" ddi vdi vai trd ciia cdc ehii thi phi nha nude; sy nMn nhan, ddnh gid eua du Man xa hdi vd truyin thdng v.v..
Ve thdi dai, nhirng ehuyin biln ldn cua thdi d^ cung Iam thay ddi thitik tank, chang ban, eude each mang ttong hnh vyc sd lieu, tai lieu vd cdng nghe, vile diln tieh mdt sd nhd nude rad rdng, tinh phiie tap eiia chmh sdeh thuong raai vd nhu cau khuyen ngM chinh sach tang len, v.v..
d dau till ky' XX hay cudc Cdeh mang cdng nghiep 4.0 va toan cau hda dau tbi k^ XXI da thlic day think tank phdt triln. Vi think tankthe bi?n kha ndng, chat lugng, uy tin cua nd trong hge thudt; kha nang anh hudng tdi gidi hoach dinh cMnh sdch vd quy ttinh hoach dinh chinh sdch; kha ndng cung irng "hang hda" cua think tank cho "tbi tmdng" chinh sach; v.v..
2. Vai tro ciia cac thinii tank
Thmk tanked vai ttd quan ttgng ttong ddi sdng xa hdi phuong Tdy, noi sy phdt triln eua kinh te - xd hdi, giao due, tnrdng dai hpe va gidi tri thiic, tiinh do td chiie xd hdi cao; sy tham gia ea nhdn va td chiic vao edng vile nhd nude vd m van eho doanh ngMep ldn; cac vdn dl can xu ly ldn, vugt khd ndng cua nhd nude; v.v.. Think tank d day dugc xem nhu Id the lue (quyen lye) ldn thir m sau eac CO quan lap phap, banh phdp vd m phap; nhu cdu, vi the, tac dung vd ddng gdp eiia think tank ddi vdi ca quan, ngudi hoach dinh chinh sdeh da duge thyc tl khdng dinh. Trong cdc \f thuyet quan he qudc tl, ehii ngMa Ty do vd ehu nghia Kiln tao cd cdch tiep can vd ly giai hgp ly ve vai ttd cua chinA: tanA^nhumpt nhdn td chii thi ttong qud trinh hoach djch chinh sdch, cimg vdi chu the chinh la qudc gia va cac chii thi khde.
Vai trd chu yeu cua think tank Id dl xuat y tudng, tu van vd van dpng ehinh sdch; gido dye, hudng dan du Man; tap hgp nhan tdi. Cu the:
Thu nhit, de xuat y tudng, tu van vi van ddng chinh sich. Think tankla dau mdi tri thiic, thdng tm vd de xuat y tuong, m van, tham vdn, dy bdo va lua chpn vdn de, ndi dung ehinh sach, v.v.. nhat Id ede y tirdng chinh sdch quan ttpng, phirc tap va mdi me cho nhiiu van de kinh tl xd hdi quan trgng; tien hdnh cdc ngMen cuu ddi ban, chien luge, todn cue nhdm cung cap sy ttg giup ve tri tue, phdn tich va m vdn cMnb sdch, hd trp cho qud trinh ra quyit dinh cua cac nhd hoach dinh chinh sach eung nhu cdng ehiing; eung edp dieh vu m vdn eho cdc boat ddng kinh doanh; dua ra sang kien, khuyen nghi, lua chon, gpi y, phan biln vd gidi phdp ddc lap eho cdc nhd hoach dinh chinh sdch dudi dang cdc vien, trung tdm, hdi ddng, quy, mangludi, tap doan, td cbiic, diln ddn.
hilp hdi, hge viln, van phdng, td m van, ban nghien cim, v.v.. vdi cde chuyen gia cd trinh do cao vd kinh ngMlm thyc tiln phong phu.
Thinh tank kit hgp ngMen cuu vdi tu van, nghiln cim hpc thudt nhung hudng vao giai quyet cdc van de dat ra cua nha nude vd xd hdi;
ket hop nghien ciiu ly thuyit vdi m van thuc te;
khdng ehl nghiln cuu dinh hirdng cho nhung quyit dinh ed tinh phan iing nhanh cua gidi ldnh dao, ehl buy. phdt hien cdc nguy covd phdt kien ede ddi sdch iing phd md edn tu duy theo budng phdt hien nhung van de chien luge ddi han va mdi me. Think tank tham gia vdo eac giai doan khdc nhau trong qud trinh hoach dmh ehinh sdch. dde biet la giai doan "ddu vao" vd giai doan
"trung gian", "xii ly", "hop den". Dl lam duoc viec dd, think tankvixa tap trung vdo cae nghiln Cliu ed chat lugng, vira xay dyng ehien luge, phirong thlic vd ndng eao anh hirdng cua minh ddi vdi ede quyit dinh ehinh sdeh.
LY LUAN CHI'NH TRI - Sdll/2019
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QUOCTiTheo Mat phdp vd thue tl oMy, tdng thdng vd cde ed vdn chu chdt Mdn la kiln tme su tnrdng cho chinh sdch vd qud trinh hoach dinh chinh sach chiu sy tac ddng ciia nMeu ylu td khdng ehinh thiic ttong do ed think tank. Trong qua tririb hoach dinh chmh sach, d giai doan "ddu vao" cdc td cbiic vd cd nhdn trong vd ngoai nude {gidi khoa hpc, bao chi, dang phdi chinh tri, nhdra lpi ich, van ddng hanh lang, nha tu vdn ehinh tri, think tank, lanh dao qudc gia, cdng doan. edng ty da qudc gia, nhd thdu, v.v.) thdng qua ede kinh khae nhau cd the neu quan diem va uu tiln chinh sdch cua minh. O giai doan
"trung gian/xii ly" hay "hop den cua qua ttmh ra quyit dinh", he thdng chirtii tri ehuyin "ddu vdo" tiidnh "ddu ra" va cau tnie, tinh Mnh kmh te chinh tri, xd hdi cd the tde ddng din vile quyit dinh chinh sdch; va giai doan "dau ra" la thdng qua, cdng bd, cung cap san pham (Mat, quyit dinh, quy dinh hay cdc sac llnh hanh phdp).
Thuhai, think tankgiio due, budng din du luan. Think tank cung cdp thdng tin, myen tmyin, dinh huong du Man. bmh Man vd giai thich, phdn tieh thdch tinic, nlu khuyin nghi, giai phap chinh sach. v.v.. thdng qua y kiln chuyen gia, tmyen thdng, duludnxd hpi; ttao ddi hpc gia. hpc thuat, tham gia cdc coche, diln ddn;
tao edu ndi giira hpc gia. chuyen gia, doanh nghiep, quan chiic chinh phu thdng qua thao Man cap cao, cung cap nhdn sy chat lugng eao cbo bd mdy chinh phii; hd ttp chinh phu giai quyet xung dot, thu hep khae biet, lira kiem tuong ddng, chuyen hda mau thudn, Idng nghe, cMa se quan diem; giam sdt, gidm dinh dpc lap cde vdn de chinh saeh, vdn de xa hdi quan tdm.
Think tankla "chat xuc tae". dua ra nhtrng m duy. quan diem mdi eho sy thay ddi, phat triln;
ebia se mdi quan tdm chung; xae dinh, phdn tich, tmyin thdng nhiing vdn dl tien chinh sdch.
tac ddng din nhirng ngirdi ra quyit dinh ttong lanh vye cdng vd m cung nhu cbo dai chung;
tranh thu sy ehu y eua ldnh dao va su ddng thudn eiia xa hpi; ed "tiing ndi" tiirdc cdc sy kiln Ion; tao khdng khi tdn ttpng cdc y kiln dde Idp vd du Man cdi md; nlu vdn dl de du Man bdn Man, de co quan chinh sdch - nhdt la co quan lap phdp tranh Man (xem xet, nghe bao eao, chat van) va tiidng qua chinh sach va dl CMnh phii tiip thu, thuc hien; Mnh thanh mdi trudng, eo che va van hda cho du Man; khuyin kMch nhieu kinh gdp y kiln; tao siic raanh mira, phdt triln van hda, khoa hpc, gido dye, khoa hpc hda boat ddng ldnh dao, qudn ly, ehmh sach.
Tbli ba, think tank tip hop, khai thic nhin tii. Think tank Id noi tap hgp, khuyin khich chuyen gia m nhieu linh vyc Uen quan den den mdt cMIn lupc, mdt quyet sdch; Id md hinh td ehiic, tap trung tdi da ngudn chdt xdm cua xd hpi; tao mdi trudng srah boat tri thiie cho cac ldnh dao chinh tri ldo Myln, hinh thdnh tdi ndng chinh tri ke can; tham van, de xuat chuang trinh nghi sy qudc gia va quoc te; thiet ke rien trinh hdnh dpng cu thi eho cMnh phii, tnrdng dai hpe vd doanh nghilp; v.v..
Think tankla noi tap hpp, khai thac tri ml eua cac tmdng dai hoc, vien nghiln ciiu; khai thdc vd tao sue lan tda cho ngudn tdi nguyin con ngudi dl phdt ttien; tao dieu kiln eho gidi khoa hpe sdng tao. dl xudt y tudng, ly thuyit eho phat trien; khoi day. khai thac tri ml, ndng cao tinh khoa hgc, dan chu cua chinh saeh; han ehe sai ldm trong hoach dmh chinh sach; dua ra du bao, y kiln ddc lap, tiing ndi anh budng ttong du Man; dai diln cho tri tue eong chiing; tao ddng luc, lien kit, bd sung tri thue tir cae linh vyc khae rtiiau eho tu van chinh sdeh. Hinh thanh "ddi dy bi" cbo nhdn sy se dupe mdi tham gia ehinh quyin hoac cdvan cho lanh dao
LYLUAN CHI'NH TRI-So 11/2019
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cap eao, dupe edng chung tm nhiem, truyin thdng quang bd, gdp phan tao ra siic manh m i m cho qudc gia.
Think tankla. edu ndi, tim "rieng ndi ehung"
giira gidi tti there tinh hoa va gidi cam quyin; tao mdi trudng thuan lpi de cac chuyen gia, nhd khoa hge nghien ciiu, d l xuat giai phdp chinh saeh; tao kit ndi. Men thdng giiia co sd ngMen Cliu vdi ngudi lam chinh sdeh; tao co hdi, ddng luc, lien kit, bd sung tii thire tir eae Imh vye eho gidi cdm quyin. Think tank thudng la khdng biln ehl, khdng hirdng luong, khdng chiic vu, khdng cd cap bac va quan ttgng nhdt Id khdng hi rang buOc, ban chlkM gdp y kiln ttln co sd eua phdp ludt vd dao dire xa hpi; td chiic m van lam vile vdi tinh than khach quan, thyc su cau thi, doan kit, tdn ttgng lan nhau, cdi md, thdng thdn khi thdo Man edng nhu kM bao cdo, kien nghi;
mdi tnrdng ty do m tuong de cac chuyen gia cd the suy ngM va de xuat cdc kiln nghi, giai phdp;
gdp phdn bdo dam tinh khoa hge, tinh hgp ly eiia ehinh sdch, quyit sdch.
Tuy nMIn, vai ttd cua think tank a cdc niroe phuong Tay Men nay ciing dang diing tmde nhiing thdch thiic. Thyc t l d My cho thdy, thmk tani: khdng phai Id mdt thii "than dupe" cd kha ndng ngan ngira va chira tri rapi "can benh" ttong hoat dOng chinh sach; khdng the ly tuong hda vai ttd thmk tankva xem mgi kit Man ciia nd d i u la chan ly khdch quan. Cd nhiing bilu Men thieu minh baeh, xung dot lgi Ieh kMIn mgt sd ngMen cim suy giam tinh khdch quan. Tinh ddc lap cua think tank cdng dupe dat ra, cd y kiln cho rdng day la phuong tien gMp doanh ngMep van ddng hanh lang, cac the lye nude ngoai can tMlp vdo mpt sd chinh saeh ttong nude. Nam 2014, ldn ddu tien, sd lugng thmk tankmai tai nMeu nude phuong Tay ed xu hudng giam so vdi trudc ddy;
xuat MIn nhiing mau thuan, thdm cM thai dp thii
nghieh giira gioi chirtii tii vdi mdt sd think tank (eung nhu mdt sd td chirc phi cM'nh phu); ede nhd tdi ttg ed xu huong ua tMch tai ttp cho du an eu till hon Id dy an nghiln cim don tiiuan; su ddi mat vdi bien mgng khung hoang ve danh tieng;
xu hudng mat long tm cua cdng ehiing ddi vdi mpt sd kiln tinic hpe thudt ma think tank dua ra vd thay vao do la nhung phdt ngdn cd tinh ddn tiiy dupe ua chuong; v.v..
Ddng thdi, do tae dgng ciia cudc Cach mang cdng nghilp 4.0 vd toan cau hda hiln nay, bdt dau xudt Men binh thiie hpp tdc ciia nMeu think tank a ede nude khae nhau. Khde vdi ede think tank dugc tai ttg bdi chinh phu, cdc nhdm van ddng hoac cac cdng ty tnrde day, think tankngay cdng hudng d i n vile ty tao doanh tiiu tii cde boat ddng tu van, thyc Men cac du an ttong thyc te.
Xu hudng van dgng cua diink tankli xudt Men nhtrng Mnh thiic thirik tank mdi; kM canh ttanh tdng lin, riMlu thmk tanicdang phai dinh Mnh lai hudng tiep can cua minh de trd thdnh "fact tank" (tdp trung vdo tai lieu, sd Ueu cu the hon Id khuyin nghi chinh sach don thudn) hay "do tank" (dua khuyin ngM eu the vao thuc tl); V.V.. a
(1) Harper, Donald: Lich su Cambridge cua Trung Qudc cd dai: Tu ngudn gdc cua nen van minh din nim 221 trudc Cdng nguyen, Dai hgc Bao cM Cambridge. 1999.
(2) "LimthinaoThhikTankstidthanhddngcacua tuyin truyen boanggia", Tap chi Tablet Magazine.
(3) Nguyin Hai Hoanh: "Think Tank, Ddi mdi &
Phat triin". Lien Mep cdc Hpi Khoa hpc va Ky tiiuat Viet Nam.
(4) lames G.McGann: "Thmk tanks va xuyen qudc gia hda chinh sich ddi
ngoai", Vien ngMen ciiu chinh sach ddi ngoai.
LYLUAN CHINHTR!-So11/2019
