TRUONG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc so 42 (02jj020) DOI MOfI SANG TAO - TRIET LY CtfA NEN GIAO DUG VIET NAM TREN CON DUOTVG THAY DOI, PHAT TRIEN, VlTOT QUA THACH THlTC
CUA CACH MANG CONG NGHIEP 4.0
• H 6 Ba Tham"
Tom tat
Xd hoi trong ky nguyen cua Cdch mang cong nghiep 4.0 (co the goi xd hoi 4 0) co cdc dac diem phi truyen thong md de huong tai cdn co mpt triit ly hanh dong la doi mai sdng tgo. Gido due doi mdi sdng tgo - mot tnet ly, mot gid tn co bdn dang huong toi se tra thdnh siec song cua nen gido due va dao tgo Viet Nam ngdy nay (Gido due 4.0). Nguon luc con nguoi se quyit dinh thdnh bai thuc hien Cach mang cong nghiep 4 Ova dao tao chinh la chia khoa Nhung de di din mo hinh gido due - ddo tgo 4.0 (mo hinh gido due thong minh) thi con nhiiu thach thitc to Ion. O do can nhanh chong nghien cim, dp dung mo hinh gido due 4.0 trong gido due dgi hpc. Di vugt qua thach thitc, cdc chii the phai thuc su ddi moi sdng tgo, tit do tgo dung mo hinh gido due - dao tao 4 0 Bdi viit tdp tnrng bdn ve gido due dgi hoc trong Cdch mang cong nghiep 4.0 voi triit ly ddi moi sdng tgo.
Tie khoa. Gido due, ddo tgo, triet ly, ddi mai, sdng tao, Cdch mgng cong nghiep. 4.0, thdeh thitc, thdng minh
I. Nhu cau va ddi hdi cua Cach mang cong nghiep 4.0 doi voi giao due - dao tao
1.1. Dac diem trong ky nguyen ciia Cach mang cong nghiep 4.0 (co the goi xa hoi 4.0)®
- The gidi duoc ket noi va trao ddi th6ng tin qua Intemet/wifi vdi nhau ke ca vdi con ngudi.
Robot se la ban ddng nghiep chu khdng cdn la cong cu giiip viec.
- Cong nghe thuc te ao dang xda dan ranh gidi giira the gidi that va the gidi ao. Toe do tinh toan ngay cang tang nhanh, cac he thong thuc te ao ngay cang giong that
- Tat ca mgi cong viec cd the hoan tat bdi cac he thong thdng mjnh hay robot deu se duoc thay the. Cac he thong thdng minh va robot se cd kha nang quyet dinh, hanh dong doc lap va tu dong de hoan t^t edng viec giao phd nhanh chong, Con ngudi chi can thiep khi cac he thong thdng minh nay khdng cd kha nang quy el dinh ma thoi (entical, bad and ill-defined situations).
- Cong nghe se giiip con ngudi sdng lau hon va chat luong cuoc song ciing cao ban do dd nhu cau phuc vu ciing se tang theo
So vdi qua khir, tap quan cua con ngudi ngay nay ciing da thay doi nhieu va tuong lai se cdn nhieu
•' Vien Giao due \a Phat Uien nhan luc A Chau
thay doi. Rubaneswaran (Malaysia) thiranhan rang, do se khdng phai la mpt qua trinh de dang, vdi nhiing thach thirc chinh la van boa noi lam viec va thay doi phuang thirc quan ly, Tuy nhien, dug nhan manh rSng hau het cac nude se tien tdi cong nghe 4.0, do do Malaysia can thay doi cang nhanh cang tot. "Myanmar, Thai Lan va Viet Nam se vuot len trong eupc choi. Thai Lan cd mot khuon kho chinh sach 4,0 va ciing nhu Viet Nam, dd la mpt qudc gia ndng nghiep, se de dang chuyen ddi sang nen san xuat 4 0 so vdi Malaysia, noi van cd nhieu he thong d mire 2,0 va 2 5" [10]
Nhu mot ti^n trinh tat yeu, cuoc each mang cong nghiep (CMCN) ma chimg ta dang trai qua dugc thiic day bdi cac tien bd bao gom 4 yeu to:
san xuat thdng minh, robot, tri tue nhan tao va Internet van vat (loT) Keo theo dd la 5 xu hudng san xuat trong tuong lai: Cong ngh? san xuat 360°;
Cong nghe in 3D; San xuat tren he thong tu dong, Xay dung cae nha may thdng mmh - sir dung cong nghe dien toan dam may, Su len ngdi cua robot, nhimg van do con ngudi dieu khien
Trong dieu kien thue tien hien nay, nen kinh te Viet Nam dang phai chay hai toe &Q. Mot mat theo toe do cua nen kmh te tri thirc thdi dai CMCN 4.0, mat khac theo toe dd thuc hien giam ngheo va phat trien loan dien, giu 'viing on dmh - nhat la d khu 'VUC n6ng th6n, ndng nghiep lac hau Keo theo
TRUONG DAI HOC DONG T H A P Tap chi Khoa hoc so 42 (02-2020) giao due nghe nghiep ndi rieng va giao due - dao
t^o ndi chung phai cd giai phap hai toe do tuong img, de cung cap ngudn nhan l\rc dap img va giai quyet ddng thdi hai van de co ban sau'
(1) Giai quyet nhiing thach thirc hen quan den kinh te, xa hdi va mdi trudng cdn ton dpng hien nay nhu: ty le lao dpng nong thdn, ndng nghiep cdn cao (chiem khoang 70% dan sd). Chinh phu phai cd ke hoach chuyen doi mo hinh kinh te phat tnen ben viing - img phd vdi su bien doi khi hau, xda ddi giam ngheo.
(2) Nhanh chong tan dung nhirng ca hpi vang ciia dat nude va the manh cua Viet Nam de dot pha vugn len tam quoc te, •vuot len nhiing thach thiic mdi, vdi ddi ngii lao dong cd kinh nghiem - trinh do dang cap quoc te trong cac ITnh vuc cd ling dung cdng nghe mdi, hien dai - theo dac trung cua cuoc CMCN 4.0, lam tien phong thiic day dua dat nude di len, trd thanh qudc gia khdi nghiep, tien hen, hien dai
Xay dung duoc luc luang phat trien khoa hoc dii lieu va sir dung dugc khoa hgc du lieu rong rai se cho phep ta "thu hep khoang each so" trong nhieu linh 'VUC, CO the tao ra su dot pha cho nhu eau phat trien ciia dat nude Viec lam chii duac cdng nghe so ddi hdi dau tu hieu qua cac nghien ciru co ban va nghien cim img dung chpn Igc, can rat nhieu thay doi d cac vien - trudng va doanh nghiep, duong nhien ca d each lam cua nha nude. Cd mot luc lugng chuyen gia ngudi Viet ve hpc may va khoa hgc du lieu ciing nhu rat nhieu ngudi Viet tre cd kien thirc va ky nang trong cac linh nay dang lam viec d ngoai Viet Nam Ket noi duoc luc lugng nay vdi trong nude la mot dieu rat can lam [2],
Vdi xu the toan cau hda, su phan cdng lao ddng trong chudi cung san pham va djch vu tren the gidi da khdng cdn gidi ban dia ly, Co hgi cho mdi ca nhan, to chirc cd the tham gia vao eac cong viec tren the gidi ia binh dang cho moi ngudi, moi dan toe va mpi quoc gia Vi vay, vdi bdi canh robot se la trung tam cua eupc CMCN ke tiep sau PC - Intemet cua the gidi trong vdng 20 nam nua, Viet Nam khdng the bd lo co hdi nay nhu vdi may VI tinh PC 30 nam trudc De dat dugc dieu nay, chiing ta phai cd nhirng dinh hudng ngay tir bay gid nhu: Ve dao tao, can tap trung phat trien ddng
dao nguon nhan luc cd kien thirc toan dien tir sir dung den nghien ciru phat trien cae robot va cac ling dimg lien quan.
Chinh thuc te dang dien ra ciia cuoc CMCN 4.0 ddi hdi phai doi mdi sang tao - mpt tu duy mdi lam CO sd cho chien luoc va chuong trinh hanh ddng mdi ciia nen giap due - dao tao nude nha.
1.2. Doi moi sang tao - tir khai niem den triet ly pho quat mang tam thoi dai
Doi mdi sang tao la khai niem de cap nhieu trong thdi gian vai nam gan day, Trudc day chi ndi doi mdi, sang tao nhu hai khai mem rieng bi^t dii it nhieu cd lien quan, cdn bay gid la mpt tir ghep' doi mdi sang tao, hay, ddi mdi - sang tao.
Vi doi mdi la thay eii bang cai mdi tir cai cu vdi cae cap dp khac nhau, sang tao nhat dinh la bao ham ddi mdi, dii sang tao khdng chi la ddi mdi eai eii ma edn la eai hoan toan mdi. Tuy nhien, cac dan tgc khac nhau trong bang gia tri sang tao thi coi trgng khac nhau ca trinh nhan thirc va hanh vi.
() My, sang tao la gia tn dau tien trong bang gia tri dat nude dimg hang dau ve phat mmh va sang tao. Hay Israel la dan tgc luon Iu6n danh gia cao su phat minh, su sang tao va la dat nude ed ti le phat minh sang tao khoa hoc rat cao. Cdn Viet Nam, gia tn sang tao nam gan cuoi trong bang gia tri Viet va thuc te su phat minh, sang tao cdn rat khiem tdn dii cd liie, cd ngudi ciing ndi rang tu duy tri tue Viet khdng he thua kem tri tue dan toe nao Chac la ndi vS tiSm nang chang? Cung khdng dimg, vi danh sach 25 quoc gia cd IQ cao nhat thi khdng c6 dan tgc Viet [7], Nhu vay cung can nhin nhan thuc te gia tri va hem nang sang tao cua dan toe Viet, tri tue ciia dan tgc Viet d mite nao'^
Trd lai khai niem doi mdi sang tao, la mot tir ghep bao quat ca hai ndi ham doi mdi va sang tao tiiy theo hen trinh thay ddi, phat tnen, Nhung vi sao nd lai xuat hien liic nay'^ Theo chimg tdi, la tinh hinh the gidi, toan cau cd nhimg thay ddi mang tinh budc ngoat Idn, dudi tac dong nhieu mat nhung dang ndi nhat la vdi eupc CMCN 4.0 dang tao ra mot khdng - thdi gian hoan toan mdi, loai khdng - thdi gian ao, khong - thdi gian thdng minh cho su phat tnen tren toan cau ciing nhu mdi quoc gia dan tpc ma Viet Nam ta khdng ngoai le. Bay gid, nhat la ve mat tu duy phat trien khi ap dung 17
TRUdNG DAI HOC D 6 N G THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc so 42 (02-2020) cong nghe hien dai tir CMCN 4 0, khdng chi la
ddi mdi ma chii yeu bay gid la sang tao vdi tu duy va hanh ddng phi truyen thong, khong tuan tu, rat nhanh, dirt khoat, neu khdng se lac hau va bat ra ngoai con tau va xu hudng phat trien chu dao cua the gidi ngay nay
Tir dd ddi mdi sang tao trd thanh nguyen ly, triet ly chinh yeu, mot gia tn cot loi hang dau ciia triet ly, tnet hoc phat trien ngay nay se dmh hudng, chi dao moi mat ciia ddi sdng xa hdi tir kinh te, chinh tri, xahpi van hda, giao due
Vdi y nghTa ay nen giao due Viet Nam ngay nay, trudc het phai la mot nen giao due doi mdi sang tao.
1.3. Giao due doi moi sang tao - mot triet ly co*
ban cua nen giao due va dao tao Met Nam ngay nay Ta biet tnet ly eo ban nen van hda Viet Nam mdi la khoa hoc, dan tgc va dai chimg, hay la tien tien dam da ban sac dan toe, Khoa hgc nhu la mot thuoc tinh ciia hien dai, hen tien, vay tinh nhan ban, nhan van thi sao. Cdn nen giao due Viet Nam, tir thdi Viet Nam dan chii cong hda cho den thdi doi mdi hdm nay thi triet ly co ban la gi van dang c6n tranh luan va y kien cung cdn khac nhau ca ngi dung va each tiep can [12],
Thdi Viet Nam Cong hda trudc nam 1975, nen giao due cua hp liic dd la "nhan ban, dan tgc, khai phong" [4] da de lai dau an trong lich sii van hda cua nen giao due nude Viet Nam.
Cd hai cap do ve tnet ly giao due, cap dp tdng quat, CO ban nhu nhan ban, dan tgc va khai phdng;
va d cap do cu the ban, nhu hpc di ddi vdi hanh, phat tnen con ngudi toan dien, tien hoc le hau hpc van. .; hay hoc de biet, hpc de chung song, hpc de hanh..., hay hgc de nang cao gia tri ban than (nang luc va pham chat) .[11]
Ngay nay, xet d cap do co ban khi neu chii truong ddi mdi toan dien va co ban hay ddi mdi ca ban va toan dien nen giao due - dao tao, ciing tiic la tao nen mot nen giao due hien dai, dan tgc va lanh manh (theo Td Duy Hgp: Tam hda: hien dai hda, dan tdc hda, lanh manh hda (ndi lanh manh hda vi ndn giao due dang bi nhieu tri tre va tieu cue, tire khdng lanh manh ,.), nhan van.
Nhimg hien nay, theo chimg toi ddi mdi sang
tao nhu menh lenh cua eupc song, trong do vira CO ban vira cap bach doi vdi nen giao due nude nha, nhat la do ddi hdi cua CMCN 4,0. Han the niia, doi mdi sang tao la triet ly co ban cua nen giao due Viet Nam ngay nay trong tien trinh thay doi va phat trien. Tire nd tro thanh yeu cau, ngi dung, pham chat ciia nen giao due mdi. Cho nen, trong tien trinh eai t&o, xay dung mdi ay, ciing nhu trong qua tritih phat trien tham dam trong tam chien luoc va chuong trinh hanh dpng ey the, ca ve mat lanh dao, quan ly, quan tri, mat npi dung chuong trinh va phuong thirc, phuang phap la phai ddi mdi sang tao cho phii hap vdi thdi each mang so hda va tri tu? nhan tap, nhat la tir CMCN 4,0 va tiep theo nira.
Tnet ly, tnet hpc cua thdi ky so hda va tri tue nhan tao, dd la hen ket van vat mang thdng mmh;
la thdi ky len ngdi eiia the giai ao chi phoi hoat ddng con ngudi trong san xuat va giao thuong xa hdi, va bang trao doi ket noi thdng tin thdng minh, la thdi ky tri tue nhan tao, ngudi may, hpc may thay the nhieu phan viec mang tinh logic ly tinh ciia con ngudi, canh tranh vdi con ngudi vdi hieu suat cdng viec rat cao, la thai ky chuyen tir cdng nghe la trung tam sang thdi ky con ngudi va hanh phuc ciia con ngudi la trung tam (xa hpi 5.0, theo chu truong ciia Nhat Ban), cd su hai hda giira yeu to khoa hgc, cdng nghe va nhan van mdi la muc tieu cao nhat
Vi vay triet ly, triet hoc cua thdi ky/ ky nguyen sd hda va tri tue nhan tao, CMCN 4.0, rdi 5 0 hay 6,0 [15] l a e o s d l y luan co ban nhat, true tiep nhat cua nen giao due - dao tao Viet Nam ngay nay ca trong thay doi, xac lap, t£io dung va phat tnen.
M6t nen giao due doi mdi la can thiet nhung khdng du ma cdn phai la mpt nen giao due sang tao Nen giao due sang tao se gan hen vdi nen giao due khai phdng®, dan chii va tu do.. Tat nhien nen giao due vdi dinh hudng triet nhan van (nhan van chir khdng chi nhan ban hay nhan dao), giau ban sac dan tpc la rat co ban.
Mdt nen giao due - dao tao tien tien, hien dai, trudc het phai tham nhuan va thuc thi triet ly doi mdi sang tao tir muc heu, phuong hudng, md hinh, den quan ly va ndi dung chuong trinh cung nhu phuang thirc, phuong phap giao due, tu giao due.
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc so 42 (02-2020) dao tao, tu dao tao. Tire la phai khac phyc ca su tri
tre bao thu, giao dieu, lac h^u va ca su ndng vpi, thieu can cir khoa hgc va thuc tien bSng tu duy va hanh dong doi mdi ma cao ban nira la sang tao, tao nen su mdi me, phi truyen thong, phi tuan tu, tao sir khac biet, tham chi chua timg cd thi mdi phu hap vdi nen giao due cdng nghe so hda, tri tue hda tren dudng hudng tdi tuong lai. Cd nhu vay, nen giao due khdng chi tien tien hien dai ma cdn nang dgng lanh manh hoa ay mdi khdng chi tuong ddng, phii hgp ma cdn di trudc tao tien de cho nen kinh te, nen chinh tri, nen van hda xa hdi, nen giao due so hda, tri tue hda vdi hinh thai CMCN 4,0 dang den va hien hiru.
2. M^t so thach thuc cua nen giao due Met Nam trutrc cuoc CMCN 4.0 can vufft qua
2.1. Giao due 4.0: Nguon lu-c con ngu-oi se quyet dinh thanh bai thyc hien CMCN 4.0 va dao t^o chinh la chia khoa
Giao due 1.0: Hoc sinh muon hgc phai den trudng;
Giao due 2.0, D u g c danh dau bdi viec diing mang;
Giao due 3.0: Phuc vu cho nen kinh te tn thiic (hien tai),
Giao due 4.0: Phuc vu cho nen kinh te sang tao [14]
Qua nghien ciiu sau ve cac dae diem ciia Giao due han lam 4 0 cac nha khoa hoc giao due Tay Au cd mot so ggi y de xuat nham dat thanh cong trong thu nghiem dao tao sinh vien cho tuong lai nhu Mpt la, do phiic tap eiia the gidi "ben ngoai" phai dugc phan anh trong moi binh dien edng tac dao tao bSng xay dung chuan hda, va chuan hda phai di ddi vdi dan gian hda. Hai Id, de tao ra su khac nhau can thiet ciia qua trinh hoc dai hoc, phai dua tren cac nang luc tu to chiic cua ca ca nhan lan tap the sinh vien (td, nhdm, Idp); ma dieu kien tien quyet cho phat tnen nang lire do la smh vien phai xac dinh dugc muc dich hoc eiia rieng hg. Giao vien cd the bd trg qua trinh nay bang each khuyen khich sinh vien tap trung vao 2 tieu chi. tai nang va myc dich rieng de hg cam ket va thda man vdi viec hgc. Ba la, cae thach thirc tuong lai la tinh lien mon va xuyen suot cac mon hoc tang len Phai thay
rang hang loat mdn hpc, nganh hpc ngay cang trd nen loi thdi. Cai ma sinh vien can la each nhin cau tnic tong quan ve -viec hpc de tich hgp kien thirc dugc thudng xuyen tich luy. Bdn Id, qua trinh hoc ca nhan can cd each trac nghiem ca nhan Nam Id.
thdng tin can cho sinh •vien dang ed san rat nhieu d khap noi (sach, bai bao, tap chi, blogs, MOOCS ...) Thach thirc la lam sao giiip hg sir dung cac kha nang mdi nay, Sau la, dac biet, hpc (leaming) la mpt hoat dpng xa hgi, Khai niem E-leaming dang chet va duoc thay the bang "Chiing tahoc suot ddi"
(Long live WE-leammg) Phai md toang khudn vien nha trudng de mdi moi sinh vien su dung khdng gian nay lam cho gap mat, do sire, thao luan va giao luu Can tao ra cac bdi canh xa hdi thich hgp va dan chii hem de smh vien tranh luan ve eac van de cd thue trong eupc sdng lien quan den hg, Bdy Id, viec chuyen giao kien thirc theo each doe thoai giiia thay vdi trd khdng tao ra dugc gia tri gia tang, Cach giang bai truyen thdng kem hieu qua hon so vdi cae hinh thirc hpc tich cue. Mdi trudng xung quanh rat quan trpng cho cac qua trinh nh|n thirc nen kha nang thiet ke va bd tri cac khdng gian lam viec rieng cho sinh 'vien se md ra loi thoat cho phong each tu duy mdi [1].
Theo cac chuyen gia, trong the ky XXI se cd nhiing xu the ve viee lam, tuyen dung va dao tao sau, (1) Tir san xuat hang loat sang san xuat hang loat theo don dat hang;
(2) Tir ngudi lao dpng phuc vu may va e6ng cu sang may va cong cu phuc vu ngudi lao ddng (robot se lam thay the phan Idn ngudi lam viec),
(3) Tir lao ddng thuc hien nhiem vu mpt each lap di lap lai sang lao dpng img dung tri thirc;
(4) Tir lay von lam trpng sang lay tn thirc lam trong,
(5) Tir lay von lam dau sang lay tn thirc lam dau khi khdi nghiep sang tao;
(6) Tir ky nang tay chan sang ky nang tu duy, (7) Tir viec lam truyen thong sang viec lam xanh;
(8) Tir tim viec lam sang tu tao viec lam va khdi nghiep sang tao;
(9) Tir tuyen dung da qua dao tao sang tuyen dung c6 the dao tao duac;
TRUdNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hgc s6 42 (02-2020) (10) Tir dao tao dua vao ndi dung sang hgc de
hgc tiep (hpc tip suot ddi),
Cac quoc gia phai het sire chii trpng dao tao cdng dan toan cau va tao co hdi viec lam. "Neu nhu trudc day trpng tam ciia giao due la e6 viee lam, tao ra kien thirc, thi nay phai la sang tao va kien tao gia tri. San pham cua giao due nhiing nam trudc la ngudi lao dong c6 ky nang, cd kien thirc hay cao hon la ngudi tao ra kien thirc thi sap tdi phai la nhiing nha sang tao va nha khdi nghiep", Ong Ho Thanh Phong, Dai hpc Quoc te (Dai hoe Quoc gia Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh) da dua ra giai phap trudc mat, vdi cdng tac dao tao, tat ca chirc nang phai dugc so hda, tich hgp va lien ket bang cdng nghe.
Mdi trudng phai vach ra chien luge img phd vdi CMCN 4.0 vdi timg mire do uu tien, dua ra cac de an thi diSmva xac dinh cac nang luc caned [17],
"Den thdi cdng nghiep 4 0, cdng viec ciia ngudi lam nhan su da rat khac Ngoai tim kiem tai nang, phai hgc each de giir ngudi tai, quy hoach ngudn nhan luc lam sao phii hgp vdi dinh hudng kinh doanh cung nhu van hda ciia edng ty; lam nhan su phai tu duy theo kieu kinh doanh, ciing phai hoan thanh muc tieu kinh doanh ma edng ty de ra" (Vo Dire Tri The, Giam doc dao tao Trudng Doanh nhan PACE)
Phd giao su, hen sT Dinh Dire Anh Vii, Trudng Ban dai hoc - Dai hoc Quoc gia Thanh phd Ho Chi Mmh, cho rang chuong trinh dao tao hien nay xay dung van chua duoc linh hoat, npi dung chua phii hgp vdi nhu cau va xu the thi trudng lao dpng CMCN 4.0 Cac trudng dai hoc thuc hien boat dgng dao tao theo hai hudng, mot mat phai dap img tinh dinh hudng xa hgi, mat khac dao tao cung cap nguon nhan luc dap img yeu cau eiia thi trudng lao dgng.
De Viet Nam thay doi ngdi thir trong cuoc CMCN nay, theo ong Cudng, can phai chuan bi bon nen tang, dd la: (i) Ha tang ket noi di ddng va CO dinh; (ii) Lam chii edng nghe ve van vat ket noi, tri tue nhan tao, dien toan dam may va dir lieu Idn; (iii) tTng dung cdng nghe thdng tin trong cac nganh nghe, dac biet xay dung ca sd dir lieu Idn v6 dan cu, y te, bao hiem de dimg chung cho eac ITnh vuc; (iv) Dao t&o nguon nhan luc Vdi baySu to dau tien, Viet Nam da lam duac, nhung cai dang lo ngai
nhat chinh la chat lugng ngudn nhan luc va lam the nao de dao tao va chuyen ddi lye luong lao dgng Can cd cau noi giiia 4 nha: nha khoa hoc, nha trudng, nha quan ly va nha doanh nghiep. Da su ket hgp va bat tay nhau ISn dau tien giua ddi ngu tri thirc Viet Nam tren toan cau vdi cac tri thiic, doanh nghiep Viet Nam trong nude Neu ed thi su tuong dong giira CMCN 4 0 va each mang giao due 4.0 la gi? Phai chang la d su tich hgp ket noi giira bp ba
"the gidi s6/ao - the gidi vat ly/thyc - con ngudi"
nhu quan niem pho bien hien gid?
Vi the, ham hd vdi CMCN 4.0 thi cii ham hd nhung dimg bd quen yeu td con ngudi Con ngudi va nguon nhan luc trong eupc CMCN 4.0 se la nhu the nao'^ Dd la con ngudi cdng nghe va nguon nhan luc edng nghe 4.0
Cac eupc CMCN dao tao nhan lire the nao? 1.0 la can dao tao ra nguon nhan lire lanh nghe, 2 0 la dao tao nhan luc cd tri thiic, 3.0 la dao tao nhan luc tao ra tn thirc mdi, cdn 4.0 la tao ra doanh nghiep va doi mdi/sang tao
2.2. Nghien cuu, ap dung mo hinh giao due 4.0 trong giao due dai hoc
Theo cac chuyen gia can ddi mdi md hinh dao tao xay dung md hinh dao tao - doanh nghiep, gan vdi doanh nghiep, phuc vu nhu cau xa hdi dang va se can chir khdng phai cai minh ed, Cach tdt nhat la cac trudng dai hoc nen lien danh vdi doanh nghiep Idn de hinh thanh md hinh dai hpc mdi - dai hoc doanh nghiep, dai hgc thdng minh. Thay doi tir cho
"day nhirng gi gidi hgc thuat san ed" sang each
"day nhiing gi thi trudng can, doanh nghiep can", hoac tham chi xa ban la "day nhiing gi thi trudng va doanh nghiep se can".
Viet Nam nen nhanh chdng thu nghiem va tnen khai md hinh dai hgc thdng minh 4,0 trong nhung dy an thi diem, Cu the la xay dung nhirng edng cu thdng minh, gom ca cdng cu quan ly dai hgc va san sde sinh vien dua tren the thdng minh, phan mem tri tue nhan tao (AI), ban dia hda kho tai lieu hpc va day manh lien ket quoc te.
Mdi trudng dai hpc nen cd mdt trung tam hay mpt ban du an ve giao due 4.0 nham chuan bi chii dpng doi phd vdi thach thiic va nam bat kip thai ca hdi ma CMCN 4,0 dua d8n, dac biet
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hgc so 42 (02-2020) la eo hpi khdi nghiep cho doanh nghiep xa hdi,
Bdi vi, cai each theo hudng giao dye 4 0 mdi dap img nhu cau va tinh canh tranh cao cua ngudn nhan luc cho xa hpi va do mdi la xu hudng cua thdi d^i toan cau,
Noi dung chuong trinh, phuong phap dao tao phai doi mdi thich hop sao cho phii hop vdi xu the giao due dao tao khai phdng tao nen khdng gian tu do phat trien ca nhan hda va ket hgp cong n g h | hda va nhan van hda. Md hinh Idp hoe thich hop, linh boat va hgc qua mang Intemet chir khdng chi d trudng Idp cd dinh dii la van can thiet Trong tuong lai gan, sinh vien se hgc them mot sd tin chi til cac trudng dai hoc khac tren the gidi, thdng qua cac khoa hpc md online tren mang. Dieu nay ed nghTa la bang cap ma sinh vien nhan dugc tir mot trudng dai hgc se bao gdm them kien thirc tir nhieu trudng dai hgc khac
Vay thi eac dai hpc truyen thdng se phai lam gi trudc CMCN 4.0. Chac chan, neu chi ling dung edng nghe thdng tin thuan tiiy la chua dii ma phai ed mpt euge each mang thuc su trong ca day va hgc, Cac bac thay duong nhien phai thuan thuc trong viec su dung bai giang true tuyen de loi euon hgc tr6 qua mang. Sd gid len Idp thuc te ciing vi the ma duoc giam thieu Tuy nhien, se cd nhirng tiet hoc ma sinh vien khdng the vang mat. Dd la nhiing buoi thao luan chuyen de (seminar) ve mot van de nao do. Cd the nhiing seminar nay ciing khdng can diem danh nhung neu vang mat, sinh vien se khd tu viet dupe bao cao thu hoach
Ddi vdi qua trinh day, can chuyen tir truyen thu kien thiic sang hinh thanh pham chat va phat trien nang luc ngudi hoc hay lato chiie mdt nen giao due md, thye hgc, thuc nghiep; chuyen phat trien giao dye va dao tao tir chii yeu theo so lugng sang chii trgng ca so lugng, chat lugng va hieu qua, chuyen tir chi chu trgng giao due nhan each ndi chung sang ket hgp giao due nhan each vdi phat huy tot nhat tiem nang ca nhan, chuyen tir quan mem cir cd kien thirc la cd nang luc sang quan niem kien thiic chi la yeu to quan trgng cua nang luc chir chua phai tat ca, 2.3. De vugt qua thach thuc, cac chii the phai thuc su doi moi sang tao
Trudc bet, giang vien phai thyc hien 3 chirc
nang rat quan trgng' chirc nang sang tao, chirc nang phan bien va chiic nang giao dye.
Cae chuyen gia cho rang, vdi CMCN 4 0, su hda quyen giua trinh dd tri tue cua nha khoa hoe vdi nha giao d dai hoc la nen tang de ngudi giang vien tru viing trong tuong lai. Ve mat dinh tinh, Sen chi ngudi giang vien phai cd siic cam hda thdng qua hoat dgng giang day va nghien ciiu khoa hoc khi tiep can sinh vien, phai truy6n dugc cdm himg den vdi ho, thiic day va lan tda rong ca ve nhan each, thai do va nhirng kT nang eo ban
Vdi viec hgc, can chuyen tir hoc thupe, nhd nhieu sang hinh thanh nang luc van dyng, thich nghi, giai quyet van de, tu duy ddc lap. Khdng chi hpc trong sach vd, tai lieu ma phai hpc qua nhieu hinh thirc khac nhu trd chai, lien he tuong tac, cung img dam ddng, hoc bang du an. Dac biet, vdi hoc sinh, smh vien la ngudi lao dpng trong tuong lai can thay doi suy nghT hpc mdt lan cho ca ddi bang viec hpc ca ddi de lam viec ca ddi, tu tim lay tai heu nghien cim, xu ly, tu ren ky nang lao ddng mdi, Sinh vien hien nay cd ky nang mem han che, kien thiic co ban chua vung. Do vay chat lugng sinh vien cd the chia thanh 3 nhdm: Nhdm thii nhat, khoang 20% sinh vien tich cue, cham chi trong hgc tap va cd thai do nghiem tiic; Nhdm thir 2, khoang 30% sinh vien hoc binh thudng; Nhdm thir 3, khoang 50% sinh vien hgc ddi phd va ludi hoc [5].
Nhu vay, nen giao due can chuyen ddi each thirc giao due tir truyen thu kien thirc sang phat tnen pham chat va nang luc cua hoc sinh ca day lam ngudi va day lam viee. Tren co sd dd chuang trinh giao due phd thdng mdi va ca dai hgc can xac dinh cac chuan nang luc chung va nang luc chuyen mdn; eac hinh thiic tich hop hoac phan h6a trong chuong trinh day hoc tiiy theo cap hoc,
Phuang phap giang day cua trudng la hudng ngudi hgc di theo quy trinh "hinh thanh y tudng - thiet ke - tnen khai - van hanh" Tinh doi mdi, sang tao, hen nganh va hgc tap suot ddi duoc trang bi eho cac sinh vien. Chuong trinh dao tao ed tinh "lien tuc cai thien" va luon bam sat vdi yeu eau ciia thuc hen cdng nghiep [3], Tire la phuang phap giao due ciing phai doi mdi manh me hon niia trong viec to chirc giao due qua Intemet. Qua dd, hinh thirc giao due 2 1
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hgc so 42 (02-2020) se linh hoat ve thdi gian, khdng gian, phii hgp vdi
dieu kien va nhu cau ca nhan phat trien E-leaming hay sir dyng img dyng cdng nghe dien toan dam may cho phep ngudi day cd the cung cap tai lieu hgc tap cho ngudi hoc va thu thap lai cac ket qua ciia qua trinh day hgc tir phia ngudi hoc mdt each lien tuc va linh hoat.
Ngay nay, chirc nang giao vien da thay ddi, tap trung vao (theo UNESCO): Dam nhan nhieu chirc nang, cd trach nhiem nang hon trong viec lua chpn ndi dung day hpc va giao due; Td chirc viec hoc eiia hpc sinh, sir dyng toi da nhimg nguon tri thirc trong xa hgi, Ca biet hda hoc tap, thay doi tinh chat trong quan he thay trd; Sir dung rpng rai hon nhijng phuang hen day hoc hien dai; Hap tac rpng rai va chat che hon vdi cac giang vien cimg trucmg, thay doi quan he giira cac giang vien vdi nhau CMCN 4.0 tiep tuc thay doi tir dia vi ngudi day sangngudi tuong tac, to chirc, thiet ke, co van, huan luyen va tao ra mdi trudng hgc tap. Gia tri cua ngudi thay khdng phai la giang bai ma la hudng dan, xiie tac giiip sinh vien biet tu dmh hudng trong hoc tap,
Theo Nguyen Nggc Quang. Giang vien cae trudng dai hpc phai la nha nghien ciru khoa hoc phuc vy cho chuyen mdn dao t^o cua minh, thudng xuyen nghien ciru cai mdi va cdng khai tren eac tap chi de thao luan cimg vdi cac ddc gia va dong nghiep [5], Trong xa hdi da dang, giao vien phai coi mdi sinh vien la mdt ca nhan va xiie tac viec hgc ciia hg dua tren hung thii ciia timg ngudi. Su da dang hda va ca nhan hda nay se lam cho the gidi trd nen ddc dao dac biet Mac du, dieu nay cd ve cdn khd khan nhung khong phai la khdng the lam dugc. Vdi tu each la giao vien cd nang suat trong ky nguyen ky thuat sd, ngudi thay phai cai tien phuong phap day va khdng nhiing trau ddi hgc hdi nghiep vu eua nhimg phat mmh mdi de dap img dugc yeu cau giang day trong thdi dai so [ 18], trong nen giao due, dao tao thdng minh.
Du bao: Robot se day hgc eho eon ngudi vao nam 2030: Mdt nha khoa hoe theo chu nghTa vi lai cho rang robot se day hoe cho con ngudi trong 14 nam tdi. Khi dd, nhirng ong Idn trong lang Intemet se trd thanh cac doanh nghiep giao due [13]
Thdi dai CMCN 4.0 ddi hdi nhimg con ngudi
cd nang luc tu duy va sang tao, doi mdi, ed ky nang phan tich va tdng hap thdng tin, cd kha nang lam viec ddc lap va ra quyet dinh dua tren co sd phan tich cae chiing cir va dii li§u. Day ciing la nhung ky nang ma sinh vien Viet Nam dang thieu nhieu nhat. De giai quyet van de nay, giao due - dao t^o 4.0 se la mot trong nhiing giai phap hieu qua ma giao due dai hpc can trien khai.
Doi vdi ITnh vuc giao due dgi hpc, noi dao tao true tiep nguon nhan luc cho cuoc CMCN 4.0, can phai nhanh chdng ddi mdi mo hinh, chuang trinh va phuong thirc dao tao, tir khau tuyen sinh den khau danh gia, kiem djnh chat lugng, nhat la danh gia sinh vien tdt nghiep
Sy tien bd cua edng nghe thdng tin se lam xuat hien nhung loai hinh dao tao mdi He thong dao tao true tuyen dai chimg, dao tao online la nhiing loai hinh dao tgo mdi (tren khdng thdi gian ao) thach thiic cac phuang thue dao tgo truyen thong. Can cd trung tam nghien cim ling dyng trong mdi trudng dai hpc de tu van xay dung ndi dung chuang trinh phuong phap dao tao theo 4 0 thich hop, ddn dau.
Chimg ta dang budc vao eupc CMCN 4.0 va cuoc each mgng nay dang dien ra vdi toe do rat nhanh.
Rieng vdi giao dye, CMCN ciing dang tac dpng tdi mgi nganh hgc.
Vdi mdi trudng Intemet pho bien, sinh vien deu cd the de dang tim kiem cac thdng tin khoa hgc cdng nghe cho minh thay vi chi len Idp nghe bai giang. Theo Mai Liem True - nguyen Thii trudng Thudng true Bd Buu chinh Vien thdng, trong moi thdi dai nhat la trong CMCN 4 0 thi trai nghiem thuc te luon quan trong hon kien thirc va kmh nghiem, Vi the, nen khuyen khich va tao dieu kien cho smh vien tu tim kiem de tai khoa hgc cho neng minh va ban than giang vien ciing phai cimg vdi sinh vien nghien ciiu nhirng van de mdi, Cach giang dgy theo kieu "thay doe, trd chep" chac chan la khdng cdn phii hgp trong thdi dai CMCN 4.0.
Tuy nhien, nghien ciiu khoa hoe eiia sinh vien dgt hieu qua tot nhat, van can cd giang vien hudng dan thay vi tu nghien cim cae de tai mdi.
Su tac ddng cua cuge CMCN 4 0 da, dang va se dgt len vai eac nha quan ly giao due hang logt thach thitc va co hdi mdi Dieu nay ddi hdi phai
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc sd 42 (02-2020) nang cao tir nhan thiic den tu duy cua cac nha quan
ly, lanh dgo trong cae ca sd giao due, Ddng thdi can phai dugc thay ddi tir nhan thiic vai trd quan ly cimg vdi hinh thanh cac nhdm nang lire de dap img yeu cau ket noi mdi tren nen tang kien thiic va cdng nghe Vdi dan sd gan 100 trieu ngudi, dpi ngu can bg, giang vien, giao vien va nhan vien hogt dgng trong ITnh vuc giao due va dap tgo cua Viet Nam chiem 1,2 tn?u ngudi. Vai trd cua dpi ngu can bd quan ly giao due la dac biet quan trong. Hg la nhiing dau may, quyet dinh hudng di va tdc do cua ca he thong giao due Vi vgy, phat trien nang luc can bd quan ly giao due Viet Nam sap cho dii sire, du tam, dap img yeu cau doi mdi can ban, toan dien giao due va dao tao la mdt bai toan Idn cua Viet Nam, (Phgm Qugng Trung nhan manh),
2.4. Vugl: qua thach thuc tao dung mo hinh giao due - dao tao 4.0
CMCN 4.0 vira la thach thirc vira la eo hpi Idn eho eac trudng dai hgc trong nude. Khoang each giira cac dgi hgc trong nude va khu vuc se thu hep Igi hoac gia tang dang ke tuy vao chinh sach hop ly ciia Nha nude va timg trudng dai hoc. Ban than trudng dai hgc phai cd su chuan bi tdt va thich nghi vdi giai dogn mdi nay. Cd bon nhan to quan trgng tuong tac lan nhau trong mdi dgi hpc, giira boi canh thay ddi nay: nhan luc, dao tao, nghien ciru va qua trinh tu thay doi Dac biet, qua trinh tu thay doi dien ra d nhieu khia canh khac nhau, nhu doi mdi ve tu duy quan ly, danh gia diing gia tri cua doi mdi va sang tgo, triet ly ve dao tao, dau tu ve hg tang cdng nghe thdng tin va phdng thi nghiem tien tien, Tich cue hudng tdi nhung khdng vdi vang Theo Gottfried Vossen, cai khd Idn nhat trpng viec chuyen dpi mo thiic dao tao tai cac trudng chinh la rao can tu duy va quan tn. Ong eho rang, cac trudng dai hgc cdng lap ludn ly tudng hda cac gia tri tmyen thong lau nay hg tao dung. Do do, cae trudng nay muon "doi thay dien mao" theo tieu chi dgi hgc 4.0 rat khd khan vi ho da ap dgt cac chuan truyen thong trong suy nghT va hanh dgng
Md hinh dai hoe truyen thong dang bi thach thirc rat Idn trudc "con bao" each mgng so ma cude CMCN 4 0 quet qua cae nude. Tuy nhien, theo ong md hinh dai hgc 4.0 van dang trong giai doan vira
lam vira md mam hgc tap nen chua cd mdt md hinh ly tudng vi cdng nghe thudng xuyen thay doi, nhu eau hgc tap cua sinh vien ciing ludn thay ddi,
Theo Gottfried Vossen. "Cac trudng dgi hgc khdng nen bd qua ly thuyet, vdi vang xa rdi khoa hpc nen tang. Dge biet, cae trudng ciing khong nen qua chieu cae ddi hdi cua sinh vien bd qua eac nen tang kien thirc eo ban de xay dung eai mdi vi cac nen tang dai hoc 4.0 chua cd chuan cu die ma la muc tieu di dgng"
De hudng den md hinh dgi hpc 4,0 theo Gottfried Vossen (Han Qudc) cae trudng theo duoi md hinh nay can thay doi triet de mpi mat. "Thay vi chi dimg cac tai lieu, giao trinh kho khan sinh vien it tap trung dge, nghien ciiu, cac trudng nen game hda eac tai lieu, giao trinh giang day de tao ddng luc, kich thich sinh vien hgc tap Dong thdi can tuyen cac giang vien tre de tang cudng su tuong tac, ket noi vdi smh vien nhieu hon, vi day cung la nhu cau thuc te cua sinh vien [16]. NghTa la rat nhieu van de phai ddi mdi co ban va mgnh me neu khdng se cham chan va tut haul Ong noi.
"Suot thdi gian dai, Han Quoc da dao tao ra the he hgc sinh, smh vien viing vang kien thiic, ky nang, dap ling nhu cau cua nen san xuat hang loat, gidi lam theo ban ve, md hinh san cd ma hau nhu rat khd sang tao, thiet ke tir sd 0 Nhu vay mai mai chi di theo sau ngudi khac. Vi vay, chinh phu da thay doi dmh hudng tir nen kinh te thuong mai noi tiep sang nen kinh te tri thirc, dau tu cho nghien ciru va phat trien de tao ra dot pha cdng nghe, thanh ngudi tien phong trong mot so ITnh -vuc the manh". Ong Lee cho rang xu hudng ca nhan hda Id trinh hoc cho hgc vien se nudi duong kha nang doi mdi sang tgo, thay vi ap dung mdt chuan muc giao due cho tat ca Trong do, muc tieu "hoc de thi" trd thanh "hgc de tiep tuc nghien ciru", hoc thong nhat theo he thdng doe sang hoc doi chieu da he thong, ket hgp chuyen gia d trudng va noi lam viec [6].
3. Ket luan
Tom lai, tir yeu cau eiia thdi cude trong budc ngoat hien nay, nhat la vdi CMCN 4.0, nen giao dye - dao tao, nhat la giao due dai hoc phai khdi xudng va tiiuc thi triet ly eg ban tdng quat ddi mdi
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc so 42 (02-2020) sang tao nen giao due nude nha Nam lay co hdi
vugt qua thach thirc, cac chu the ciia nen giao due ciing nhu cac cap lanh dao quan ly tir vi tri eua minh phai thuc su ddi mdi sang tao tir ban than.
Dd la menh lenh cua cuoc sdng Dd ciing la pham chat va gia tn eg ban hang dau ciia nen giao dye Viet Nam ngay nay di tdi tuong lai.
edng nghiep tmyen thong, AI va robot se thay the con ngudi trong nhieu ITnh virc va giiip lam ra nhieu cua eai vgt chat hon.
Thicndm. xahpi 5.0 cd kha nang se lam sau sac hon su phan tang xa hgi giau - ngheo. Bdi se ed nhiing ngudi khong theo kip su phat trien ciia xa hgi cdng nghe dan den trd thanh "the he bi bd rai"
© Khai phdng d day dupe hieu la khai phong cho cac tiem nang ciia con ngudi, khai phdng cac nang lire tiem tang cua con ngudi, bien cac nang luc dd thanh siic manh. Khai phdng theo nghTa nay duac hieu nhu la su giai phdng ban than va giai phdng cho ngudi khac Tir y tudng nay Freire hinh thanh quan niem ve mdt nen giao due khai phdng trong dd vai trd ciia eac thanh phan tham gia vao qua trinh giao due ed the hoan ddi lan nhau. giao vien va hgc sinh deu cd the ddng vai trd nha giao due, hai ben giao due lan nhau qua qua trinh day va hgc. Ddi thogi trd thanh phuong thiic dgy hoc chii yeu eiia giao due khai phdng. Hoc sinh khdng tiep nhan mdt each thu ddng, ma chii ddng ddi thoai vdi giao vien. Va phuang phap nay giiip cho cae nang luc eiia hpc sinh duoc khai phdng [8].
Ghi chu:
® Xa hgi 5 0 cd the hieu dupe xay dung tren 5 ndi ham co ban [9]:
Thif nhat, day la xa hpi sieu thdng minh, la hinh mau eua mdt xa hpi toi uu hda su tham gia ciia robot, tri tue nhan tao (AI) trong nhieu hoat ddng, giam thieu toi da su tham gia ciia con ngudi.
Thir hai, day la mpt xa hgi van minh, hien dgi, giai phdng sire lao dgng ciia con ngudi vdi mgt euge sdng day dii va vien man, phuc vu tdt nhat cho con ngudi
Thif ba, van vat deu dupe ket noi internet (Intemet of things).
Thu tu. xa hdi 5.0 se tac ddng sau sac tdi moi mat ciia cuoc song, tham chi thay doi ca cac nganh
Tai lieu tham khao
[I] ChungTh]VanAnh(2017),"CMCN4,0vdigiaoducdaihocndichungvaDaihoeBaRia-ViingTaun6i neng", rruowgftor/ipcSaffia-rfiwgrdw, https//bvu edu vn^vu/-/assetJ^ubhsher^
cach-mang-cong-nghiep-4-O-voi-giao-duc-ai-hoc-noi-chung-va-ai-hoc-ba-ria-vung-tau-noi-rieng.
[2]. Ho Til Bao (2017), "Hieu va di trong CMCN lan thir tu", Tia sdng, http./Ztiasang com.
vn/-doi-moi-sang-tao/Hieu-va-di-trong-cach-mang-cong-nghiep-lan-thu-tu-10652.
[3] Cue Cdng tac phia Nam - BO Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe (2017), "Thach thirc tir each mgng 4 0 trong eac trudng dai hgc", http //sromost gov.vn/vi/tin-tuc-su-kien/146-trao-doi-va-dao-tao/618-thach-thuc-tu- cach-mang-40-trong-cac-truong-dai-hoc.
[4]. Cuu chiing sinh Hue (2018), "Tnet ly giao due Nhan ban - Dan tgc - Khai phdng. Luoc sii he thong giao due tgi Viet Nam trudc nam 1975", http://euucshuehn.net/Giao-due/Triet-ly-giao-duc-Nhan- ban-Dan-toe-Khai-phong~Luoe-su-he-thong-giao-duc-tai-Viet-Nam-truoc-nam-1975-10352,html.
[5]. Hong Hanh (ghi) (2016), "225.000 cir nhan, thae sT that nghiep: He qua ciia md ffudng dgi hgc 6 at", Ddn Tri, http.//dantri com vn/giao-duc-khuyen-hoc/225000-cu-nhan-thac-si-that-nghiep-he-qua- eua-mo-truong-dai-hoc-p-at-20l60531074206426.htm.
[6] Tudng Han (2018), "Dgi hpc phai thiet ke lai chuang trinh giang day", Tudi tre Online, https://
tuoitre.vn/dai-hoc-phai-thiet-ke-lai-chuong-trinh-giang-day-20180324I01658808.htm.
[7]. Dao Hien (Tong hgp) (2017), "25 quae gia cd chi so IQ trung binh cao nhat the gidi", Ddn Tri, https://dantri.eom vn/khoa-hoc-cong-nghe/25-quoc-gia-co-chi-so-iq-trung-bmh-cao-nhat-the- gioi-20171026071300841 htm,
[8]. Nguyin Thi Tir Huy, Phan Van Thang (2019), "Khai phdng giao dye; Khai phdng chinh minh.
TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc so 42 (02-2020) khai phdng mdi ca nhan". Van hod Nghe An, http://www.vanhoanghean com.vn/van-hoa-va-doi-song27/
khach-moi-cua-tap-chi45/khai-phong-giao-duc-khai-pho-ng-chi-nh-mi-nh-khai-pho-ng-mo-i-ca-nhan.
[9] Do Thanh Huyen (2019), "Xa hpi 5.0: Thach thirc cho Viet Nam", Diin ddn Doanh nghiep, https://entemews.vn/xa-hoi-5-0-thach-thuc-cho-viet-nam-145812 html.
[10]. H. K. (2017), "Malaysia lo ngai Thai Lan, Viet Nam vuot trudc trong "cuoc dua" CMCN 4.0", Tgp chi dien tu Viettimes, https://viettimes vn/malaysia-lo-ngai-thai-lan-'viet-nam-vuot-truoc-trong- cuoc-dua-cmcn-40-I32525 html.
[11] Thiiy Linh (ghi) (2018), "Triet ly giao due Viet Nam cua Giao su Pham Mmh Hac", Gido due Viet Nam, https.//giaoduc.net, vn/giao-duc-24h/triet-ly-giao-duc-viet-nam-cua-giao-su-pham-minh-hac- postl93092.gd,
[12] Phimg Xuan Nhg (2019), "Triet ly giao due eua Viet Nam la gi''", Tuoi tre Online, https.//
hioitre.vn/triet-ly-giao-due-cua-vn-la-gi-20190108084116038.htm.
[13] Thanh Thanh (2017), "Hoc nganh gi de khdng bi robot thay the?", Bdo P f e m>, https://viTvw.
phunuonline.eom,vn/hoc-nganh-gi-de-khong-bi-robot-thay-the-al 04274.html
[14]. Truong Nguyen Thanh (2017), "Giao dye 4.0 - Thir thach va ca hdi", Dgi hpc Hoa Sen, https//
news.hoasenedu,vn/vi/tin-hoa-sen/giao-duc-40-thu-thaeh-va-co-hoi-4970,html.
[15]. Ho Ba Tham (2019), "Khai luge mdt so van de triet hpc tit eu6e CMCN lan thir 4", Ky yeu hpi thao - Phdt triin triit hoc vd triit hoc phdt trien trong bdi cdnh CMCN 4 0, Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh, ngay 21 thang 11 nam 2019.
[16]. Anh Tii (2017), ""Md hinh dai hoc 4.0 can eho tuong lai nhung khdng the vdi vang"", Gido due vd Thai dgi, https,//giaoduethoidai vn/giao-duc/mo-hinh-dh-40-ean-cho-tuong-lai-nhung-khong- the-vpi-vang-3563394-v.html.
[17]. Mgnh Tiing (2017), "Hieu trudng dai hpc neu thach thiic ciia Cach mang 4.0 vdi eupc song", W£'x/jre55,https://vnexpress,net/tin-tue/giao-duc/hieu-truong-dai-hoc-neu-thach-thuc-cua-eaeh-mang- 4-0-voi-cuoc-song-3667579,html
[18], Nguyen Thj Thanh Xuan (2017), "Vai trd cua ngudi Thay trong cude CMCN 4 0", Hpc vien Cdnh sat nhan ddn, http://hvcsnd.edu.vn/home/nghien-cuu-trao-doi/dai-hoc-40/
vai-tro-cua-nguoi-thay-trong-cuoc-cach-mang-eong-nghiep-40-3223.
INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY - THE PHILOSOPHY OF VIETNAM EDUCATION ON THE PATH OF CHANGING, DEVELOPING, OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 Abstract
Society in the era of Industrial Revolution 4 0 (also called 4.0 society) has non-traditional charactenstics tiiat need to be targeted by an action philosophy of innovation Innovative education - a philosophy, a basic value to be aimed at will become the vitality of education and training in current Viehiam Education 4.0, human resources •will determine its success or failure, and framing is the key to It But amving at the 4.0 education and training model (smart education model), there are still many great challenges- It is urgent to study and apply the 4.0 education model in higher education. To overcome challenges, relevant subjects must truly innovate. As such, they are able to overcome challenges and make an education - training model 4.0. The paper focuses on higher educahon in the Industnal Revoluhon 4.0, based on the philosophy of irmovation
Keywords: Education, training, philosophy, innovation, creativity. Industrial Revolution 4,0, challenge, intelligence
