fc Thanh tra
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• HOAI THU
Ttir n h d p nhdng gid c a , c h d t lUang...
Trong vdng sdu ndm qua, gid sijfa tdng khodng 30 tan. F^ng tddau ndm 2013 ddn nay, cdc hang sOa b&i da ba lan tuydn t>d tdng gid. Bdn canh dd, gan ddy xudt hidn tinh trang nhdp nhang, "phii ptiep" suta thdnh cdc san F^dm bd sung dinh dudng, tiiuc pham ehdc ndng. Da tdn san phdm sda dd "Idch tuaf b^n thud, cung edp thdng tin sai leeh ve san p h i m , nhieu mdl hdng sisa chdt luong kem.
Gid vd chdi limig sOa Id vdn di dang dugc du ludn xd hgi het sdc quan tdm, dnh h^fng ldn vd true tiep din sdc khde cua ngudi tieu ddng.
Mac du vdy, nhieu bvte xdc cua ngudi tieu ddng Uen quan dd^n viec nhdp nhim ten ggi, gid cd, chdt lugng sim vd cdc sdn phrnntuffngtu^ dugc neu, song trdch nhiem trudc ngudi tieu ddng thudc ve ca quan ndo thuc te chua rd.
GIA CA - CHAT LUDNG VA CONG TAC QUAN LY
khdng ro ngudn gdc xuat xdvan t r ^ ndi trdn ttii trudng...
nhSm Idch ludt tr6n thud, ta^nh ke khai ddng ky gid dd tdng gid, tnjc lot. Tnidc tinh fa^ng do, cdc co quan chdb ndng dang xem xet du^ mdt hdng nay vdo dien kidm sodt gid.
Bdn canh dd, theo quy djnh hidn nay, ndu mtiC gid tdng vuot 'Iran" 20% se bi tuyt edi. Nhiing do ddy Id mdt hang kinh doanh hodn todn theo eo che thj IrUdng ndn cde hdng sijta ed quyen ehd ddng d i ^ ra gid ban va chiu trach nhidm vdri gid, midn td mdc t5ng mdi tan khdng qua 20%
ttong vdng 15 ngdy lidn tue. Vi vdy, de "Idch" quy djnh ndy, ede hdng sQd vd t u dieu chlnh tdng gtd ban, mien td mdc tdng mdi ldn thdp hon quy djnh.
Mdt "chieu trb "phd bidn khde dang duOc nhidu cdng ty dp dung de ty giai vide tdng gid td dau tU ldn cho vide nghidn cdu, phdt bien san pham mdi. Ode blet, nhieu doanh nghidp nhap khdu sda da "bat tay" vdl nhd san xuat di "kd" gid Idn eao hdn mdc binh thudng. chdp nhdn chju thue nhdp khdu eao hon rdi edng thdm cdc chi phf khde vd I h d r gid eao..,
Trong khi dd. Id ddu ndm 2012 ddn nay, Bd Tdi ehinh dd ban hdnh nhidu vdn ban lidn quan den gia sisa. Nhiing vide thuc thi cdc ydu cdu cda cae van tian dd ehu^
nghiem tdc, khdng thudng xuyen, ehi khi ndo gid cd bidn ddng mdi ttiut: hidn.
Theo quy djnh, ehi ed sQia ddnh eho tt^ em dudi sdu tudi khi bdn mdi phai ke khai ddng ky gid, chju sU quan ty cda Nhd nudc Id mdt ke hd de nhiing nha san xudt vd phan phdi sQia t u do tdng gid. Do san pham dinh dudng khdng nam trong danh muc dupe binh OT gid nen khdng bat bupc ddng ky khi tdng gid. Do dd, nhd san xuat va F^dn phdi thudng t u y ndng gid mot sd san pham sda dpi tdt san pham dinh dudng.
Tai cudc toa ddm tnic tuydn mdi day vdi ehd de "Thj trudng siia: gid ea vd chdt tupng" do Cdng Thdng tin didn t d Cht'nh phCi td chdc, Phd Cue trudng Quan ty gid - Bd Tdi chinh Pham Vu Anh cho bidt, trudc ngdy 1-1-2013, thdi ^ e m Ludt Gid cd hidu lUc, chung ta ed Phap ldnh Gid, Nghj djnh eda Chinh phd vd quan \-^ gid. Theo dd, gid sua bdt eho tre em dUdi sau ti<di Id mdt hang binh dn gid, khi nha san xuat, phdn phoi .tieu ehinh gid bdn thi phai ddng ky vdi co quan quan ty. Trdn CO sd do, co quan quan ty rd sodt cde yeu td de xem ddng ky gia ed hpp ly khdng, ehd Nhd nude khdng quan ty gid ban mdt hang nay. T d 1-1-2013, khi Luat Gia eo hidu liie, mdt hdng sua bdt ddnh eho tte dudi sdu tudi eung td mdt hdng binh dn gid, nhung ban chat cd khde Id vide ddng ky gid eiia doanh nghidp ehi la mdt trong nhieu bien phdp de binh on gid khi gid sda tdng cao bat hpp ty, khi cdn thidt thi mdi Idm. Ttie Id cd su khac nhau gida ddng ky gid thdi diem trudc vd sau khi ed Luat Gid.
Oe quan ty gia, ngay tii ddu ndm, khi Ludt cd hidu luC, Cue Quan ly gid - Bd Tat ehinh da ed edng vdn gdi eae Sd Tai chinh hudng dan lai ve quan ty gid, ddng ky gid. E)en nay, Sd Tdi ehinh eda gan 30 tinh da cd t)do edo ve, ede Sd phdi hpp vdi Sd Cdng Thutmg, cdc co quan Thud di kiem tra tinh hinh thuc hidn phdp luat vd gia ddi vdi mdt hdng sua va nhiing san pham dinh dudng. Qua dpt kiem tta vda rdi, ede dja phuong kien nghj phdn loai sua, tap tmng vdo ede loai ehd yeu de quan ty. Ludt khdng ttie quy djnh eu the ioai siia, vi ten san pham tudn thay ddi theo su phdl trien cda ngdnh sufa. Tai eude hpp bdo thudng ky eCia Bd Tdi chinh mdi ddy. Cue Quan ty gid ttidng bdo, Cue dd kidn nghj Bd Cdng ThuOng td ehdt hpp bdn ve quan ty gia
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ddi vdi mdt hang tmdc day goi Id sua cho tte em dudi sdu tudi nhUhg nay ttieo quy chuan cda Bd Y te Id thuc pham bd sung, san pham dinh dudng hoac ttidc dn cdng ttidc eo pha ehd cung nhu ede mat hang khae cd tdc dpng den ddi sdng eda ddng dao ngUdi tidu dung can xem xet nghiem tuc ve ten gpi. Cue da ydu cau Sd Tai chinh cae dja phuong tang cUdng kiem tt^ cae td ehdc, ed nhdn kinh doanh sQa bao dam tudn thd cdc quy iSnh cda phap ludt ve gid; chi dao khdng tang gia khi cae ydu t d hinh tiidnh gia khdng ttiay doi.
... de'n t e n goi c u a cdc sdn p h d m sQ'a Van de quan trpng la ede co quan chdC ndng phai Idm tdt tdng khau quan ty san pham nhdp khau, xdc djnh rd san pham ndy Id cat gi, thude phan loai hdng hda ndo...
Khi san phdm ndy den doanh nghidp thi doanh nghidp ndo cd tinh ttiay ten ddi nhan thi co quan Quan ty thj trudng se xd ty. Oe binh on gid ede mat hdng ndy thi Bd Y te can phai ehuan hda tdn mat hang. Tren eo sd do, cdc CO quan ehdc ndng se xem xet cd dim mat hdng ndy vdo danh mue mdl hdng binh dn gid hay khdng. Theo Phd Phong Quan ty san pham thiic pham - Cue An todn thUC pham - Bd Y t d Ld Hodng, IrUdc khi hang vd thi nha nhap khau da phai cdng bd cdc tieu chuan, ehat lUpng, ten gdc cda san pham nhdp khau. Khi san pham vd ddn Vidt Nam thi doanh nghiep phai thuc hien kiem tra lai co quan quan ty nhd nude. Khi co quan Hai quan thdng quan thi phai dua tren giay xdc nhan cda ede eo quan quan ty khde vd quan trpng niia Id ap ma thud nhap k h l u thi cdn ed ban ehat hdng hda va eau tao san pham chd khdng chl edn ed vdo ten san pham. Lien quan ddn imdng hpp mot sd doanh nghidp nhap khau nhdp nhem ve ten gpi khi khai bao hai quan dd hudng thue suat 10% edn khi kiem nghidm, ddng ky trong nUdc lai "doi tdn" Id thUe pham bo sung vdi mde thud suat 15% nham hudng ehenh leeh thue suat, dng Dd Thanh Lam Phd Cue trudng Cue Quan ty thj trUdng - Bd Cdng ThUPng eho rang, khi phat hien sai pham, iuc lupng Quan ty thj trudng can ed vdo eae quy djnh hidn hanh eiia phdp ludt de x d ty. Trong vu bd bdi
"Sija dd Danlait", neu doanh nghiep neu dung tdn td thiic pham bd sung thi ede bd me nudi eon nhd chua chac da mua. Vi vdy, can ed ten gpi thong nhat trong ede san pham sda, thuc pham bo sung de ngudi dan dd hidu, mua dung san pham minh mong mudn...
Tuy nhidn, ed y kien cho r i n g , ngodi vide dot tdn san pham de hudng Ipi bat chinh, doanh nghidp kinh doanh siia vd san pham luong t i i edn ddnh nhiiTig khoan d i i phi khdng Id eho hoa hdng bdn hang, quang eao, tidp thj...
day gid siia tdng eao vd ngudi tieu dung phai gdnh. Theo dng Ha Quang Tuan, Tdng Giam dde Cdng ty cd phan Sdd Hd Not cho biet, gia siia bao gom chi phi san xuat, bdn hdng, tidp thj vd quang eao, ndn giam ehi phi quang edo cd ttie giam mot phan chi phi gia sua. Sd tidn ehi phi quang edo eda cdc hang sua Idn moi ndm ed the ten ddn hdng nghin ty ddng... Ong Le Hoang cho biet thdm: Ve
mdt khoa hpe, sQa bdt Id nguyen lieu di san xuat ra nhiihg san pham ddnh eho nhOfng ddi tuong khde nhau nhusijs cho tte em, ngudi gid, bd me mang tiiai... Tnidc ddy san pham siia edng ttidc ddnh cho tte nhd duoc gpi Id sifa lifil, tijy nhidn, nd ehi chda 15-40% lupng sua bdt tuy ttieo ga"
doan phdt ttidn eda tte nho, ngoai ra edn ed ehda vi-ta-min, khoang ehdt, chat dinh duQng khde... Cde thdnh phan nay duoe phdi tt^n vcfi nhau tiieo cdng thdc nhat ^ n h , vi vay ngudi san xuat ddt tdn dinh dudng edng ttidc ddnh eho Ire, Bd Y t d cung da xdy dUhg quy ehuan cae edng ttidc siti dinh dudng ddnh cho tte, trong do phan bidt rd siia botch!
ta sOa nguyen lieu, cdn ten gpi sua bdt eho tre em trubc ddy ttii can phai thay ddi cho ddng Id sda cdng thiic dit*
dudng hodc ttiuc pham dinh duQng danh d i o tre em, Thuc te d i o ttiay, chi rieng viee quan ty gid sisa va ten gpi cda cdc san pham sua cong ttidc (quen gpi Id sua boi) da rdt phdc tap. Khdng phai ngUdi tidu dung nao khi mua sda cung dd thdng thdi de tim hieu day dCi cde quy djnh c6 lidn quan nham tranh thidt hai khi s d dung. TnDng khi do, siia hay cdc mdt hdng siia cdng ttidc khdng ro ngudn goc xuat xd, chdt tuong kem d u ^ ten gpi "hang xdc^ tay" van trdi ndi tren thj tmdng.
Theo Phd Cue ttudng Cue Quan ty thj tmdng - Bp Cdng ThUOng B d Thanh Lam, moi ndm luc tuOng Quan !J thj tmdng x d ty khoang 90 nghin vu vi pham, xd phat 400 ty ddng, trong dd sd lupng Idn Id bia, njOu, thude la, qitin do... IViae dd vdy, so vdi ky vpng eda ngudi dan, con sdnay cdn chua eao, Cd nhidu nguyen nhdn nhu thieu nhan tut, trang thidt bj, ngodi ra, trong qua trinh san xuat kinh doanti, cd nhdng doanh nghiep khdng tU phuong thdc, thO doan ndo dd thu lot bat chinh; ehinh sach quan ty cdn nhuhg bat cap. Cue Quan ty thi trudng dd nhieu Idn de nghj va tidp tde tieh eUC vdi nhidu co quan ehdc ndng, bao chf, ngufii ddn dd x d ty cac vi pham trong do cd lien quan mdt ti^ng siia, nhu ttong vu siia dd Danlait v i ^ qua. Hidn nay tren thj tnidng van eon nhdhg loai sua dutJe gpi Id "hdng xadi tay". Duong nhien, nhOfng loai siia nay khdng theo quy tiinh thCi tuc nhu vay ndn khdng duoc cdc ed quan quan IJ nhd nude eua Viet Nam kiem tra ve ehat tuOng. Khdng loai trir trong dd ed sd luong sda nhap lau, ede loai siifa nay rat nguy hiem, vi cd thd Id sOd kem chat luong, hodc la SOB qud han sd dung, ngUdi bdn tay xda lai dd ban ra thj ttudng de kiem Idi. Sd di sufa khdng rd nguon goc vdn tdn tai la do mdl sd ddi tuong Idm dn phi phdp tim mpi each de kifflTi Icf, Van de thd hai td tdm ty "sinh ngoai" eua mot bd piian ngudi tieu dung...
C o n g t d c q u d n ly v d b i n h o n g i d sufa Sua khdng phai mdl hdng do Nha nudc djnh gia, tuy nhidn Bp Tdi chfnh can xdy dung nguyen tae xac dinti cO cdu gia thdnh day dd, chfnh xde theo cdc yeu td hinh ttBf*
gid va ludn dam bao tinh hpp ty de hinh thdnh gia ban tiOp ty. Gid ban le trong nude bang gia nhdp khau cong vdi mS sd ehi phi vd tpi nhudn hpp ty. Oay Id cdn c d dd ed quan
()^m tie'p Irang 34)
;^Ihanh tra
^ WI C H f N H
ehinh - ddi mdi", 100% can bd cdng chdc ttianh. k i l m tra^
thud ndi ridng vd todn the can bd cdng chdc cda ngdnh ^ Thud Hd Npi tiep tuc no luc cd gang ddng gdp tti tue, sdc
tuc VI sU nghiep chung cda ngdnh Thue. 1 Od hodn thdnh tdt nhiem vu thu ngan sdch ndm 2013^
trong tinh hinh khd khdn nhu tiidn nay. Cue Thud thdnh ^ phd Hd Ndi tap tiung ttiUe hidn cdc giai phdp ndng eao hidu qua edng tae kidm tta tai ttu sd co quan Thud, cung nhu ndng cao hidu qua edng tde kiem ti^ tfiue tai ttu sd ngudi nop thud. Day dupe eoi la giai phdp quan trong de_
gdp phan tdng thu ngdn sddi nha nudc vd ndng cao y ttitJte_
ehap hdnh eda ngudi nop thue ttong vide thuc hien nghla^
vu ttiue. Ddng thdi. giai quyet vUdng mac ttong edng tae|
hodn thud vd tdng cudng gidm sdt ddi vdi cdng tde hodn^
thud. Quan tdm xdy dung eO sd dd lieu ngUdi nop thue vd_
lap ke hoaeh kidm ti^ ddi vdi ede Phdng Kiem tra vd cde_
Chi cue Thue ttong quan ty rdi ro. Tdng eudng ddo lao. t u ddo tao eho edn bd thanh, kidm tta thud, di ddi vdl kiem tta cdc doanh nghidp cd dau hidu ehuydn gid..."
T h j trtfClinO s i i f a . . . (m-ptlieo trang 32) Tdi chinh kiem tra vide tfnh gid va ddng ky gia bdn eung nhu su dieu chtnh gia khi eo bidn dpng chi phi dau vdo. Co quan Thud, Hal quan edn kidm tra sd luong, gid sua nguyen lieu dau vdo, gid sua thanh pham nhdp khau de ed ed sd so sdnh vdi gid bdn.
Cue Quan ty gid cdn phdi hpp chdt che hon vdi Bp Cdng Thuong vd cdc bd, nganh lien quan khde sidt ehdt nhdng quy cfinh hidn hdnh, x d phat, khong ehd triet d l hdnh vi vi pham quy djnh quang edo, lien ket tdng gid. Thu thdp nhdhg edn cd de xem xet vide cae doanh nghiep ed ddu hidu bdt tay nhau tdng gid, neu ed can xd ty nghiem.
Cac CO quan chdc ndng can phoi hpp ehdt ehe thudng xuyen kidm tra, kiem seat gid tai cde eo sd dai ty, ndu ed dau hidu ddu co nang gid bdt hpp ty se tidn hdnh x d ty nghiem theo phap luat. Kiem tra edng tde ddng ky gid, ke khai gid va thiiC hien gid ban theo gid ddng ky. Phai xem xet viec tdng gid dot bidn cd hpp ty khdng? Co quan chdc ndng thudng xuyen cd sd lieu ddi ehidu gid nhdp khdu, qua dd se la edn cd dd kidm sodt gid dang ky,
Vi ly do bi mdt kinh doanh, t>ang b'nh gid c h i ^ bao gid edng khai de ngudi tidu dung dupe biet ehi phi, gid thanh thuc td vd mdc hoa hdng eho dai ty hay lpi nhuan md doanh nghidp dang hudng. Do vay, can cdng khai bang ti'nh gid de ngudi tieu dung giam sdt. Can lap ttung tim bien phdp tidt giam d khdu ehi phi chiet khau gida doanh nghidp va dai ty cho hpp ty. Cdc doanh nghiep phai eat bdt cde khdu tmng gian, cac khdu khdng can thidt de dn cfinh mdc chiet khau. Co quan Tdi ehinh se quan ty vd kidm tra cdc mdc chidt khau eho dai ty.
Ben eanh do, ngudi tidu dung can tubao ve minh, khi mua san pham phai tim hidu rd, lay hda ddn de khi cd
tt^nh ehap ttii ede cO quan cd cO sd dd ) ^ ty. Ban ttidn cac CO quan quan ty, cdc doanh nghiep Vidt Nam ke ca cac doanh nghidp san xud't, kmh doanh phai dinh hudng cho ngudi tidu dung. Ndu tdm dupe nhu vay thi sda lau, suS kem chat lupng se giam. Ouong nhien cdc luc lupng ctiut ndng cdn tang eUdng k l l m tra, kidm sodt vd xd ty ngtiiem ede hdnh vi vi pham theo ddng ludt phap. Cd nhii vay ehiing ta mdi bao ve dupc ngudi tieu dung vd lam ctio ttii tnidng siia ldnh manh hPn.
Thuc ttang trdn eho thay, mde dii cd nhidu quy inh gidm sat quan ty gid, chat lupng sda vd vd sd san \A^
ttAJng l u mang ten "sua bdt" bay bdn, song d l bdnh thiel thdi, ngudi tieu dung ehi eon mot each duy nhat: b i bao ve chinh minh.
Hiep hdi Sda Viet Nam (VDA) kien nghj: Can tang cudng cdng tdc thanh tra, kidm tta ede co sd s i n xudl ttiilt pham vd kiem djnh chat tupng cae san pham frdn ttij tmdng, x d ly nghiem cac trudng hop vi pham nham bao ve quyen lpl cda ngudi tidu dung vd eda cdc doanh ngtiiep san xudt d i d n chinh. Hpi Tieu chudn va Bao ve ngUdi tieu diing Viet Nam (Vinastas) bdy td quan ngal, tten ttii ttudng vdn luu thdng cdc san pham sda khdng nhdn mdc, bdi nS, khdng rd ngudn gde... tidm dn rui ro, anh hufeig sdc kh6e ngudi tieu diing. Hdi kidn nghj ede eo quan chdc ndng dn tdng eudng kiem tra thi tiudng siia, kidn quydt xd phat c6c hdnh vi vi pham ve san xuat, kinh doanh san pham sib.
tVldt khde, Vinastas eung khuydn edo ngudi tidu diing|ni mua san pham siia can lua chpn nhdng san phdm co yy tin, nhdn mac rd rdng, han sCf dung cdn xa, ed edng bdtw quy hodc edng bd phu hop quy dinh an todn thUC phJ^
Ngoai s i i trdng chd vdo vide e6 mdt quy chd p h ^ hdp.ctiS' ehe giQa ede ngdnh ehdc ndng ed lidn quan, ngUflf tiSu dung van phdi t u bao ve minh tnjde nhOfng hdnh vi ttif*
doanh thidu tanh manh eda doanh nghiep. •
