NGHlfEN Cl'/U TI?/VO 00\
Gop piiSn lam song la! mot thi trudng
NHlN N H A N V E T H I TRUCJNG
Trong hoat ddng tao md viec lam ngoai node cho lao ddng Viet Nam, viec md them dupe mdt thj trudng da khd, nhung duy tri, phat then thj phan mdt each ben vQng cdn khd hOn. Oac biet la, vdi mdt thj trudng, ma trUdc dd da cd thdi ky phat trien ao at, manh me, nhung vi nhieu ly do, ca khach quan va ehu quan nay da di xudng "tham hai" - mudi phan khdng edn dUde mdt, thi viec khdi phue lam sd'ng lai nd se eang khd hdn nhieu.
Tuy nhien, neu ed nhan thUe diing, day du ve thj trudng, neu nhan rd dupe nhOng can nguyen cua thanh cdng va that bai, neu kien tri va ed each lam dung, neu biet lua chpn ehinh xae ddi tae va don hang, neu biet dat Ipi ieh ngudi lao ddng len trudc va khdng tha'p hdn loi ieh doanh nghiep, neu doanh nghiep ludn giai quyet nhanh gpn, vdi tinh than trach nhiem cao, vdi mdi trudng hpp rui ro cua ngudi lao ddng, neu doanh nghiep ludn quan tam xay dung va biet dua vao niem tin eua ngudi lao ddng, thi van cd the lam sd'ng lai mdt thi trudng.
Malaysia cd the xem nhu mdt vi du thuc te cho nhan dmh neu tren.
Trong 9 nam dUa lao ddng sang lam viec tai Malaysia, binh quan mdi nam, Viet Nam dua vao th! trudng nay gan 20.000 lao ddng. Nam cao nha't (2003) la
^ TS. NGUYEN LlTONG TRAO Chti tich Hiep hpi XKLD Viet Nam
Lao dpng Viet Nam tai Malaysia.
38.227 lao ddng; nam 2006 la 37.941 lao ddng; nam 2007 (trudc khung hoang kinh te the gidi) 26.704 lao ddng. Nhung den nam 2009 chi cd 2.792 lao dpng.
Mac du bj sut giam nghiem trpng nhu vay, nhung nghien eUu sau ve th! trudng nay, ehung tdi nhan thay:
- Kinh te Malaysia da phue hdi td't hdn, chd"lam viee mdi dUdc tao ra nhieu hdn, cung vdi viec true xua't mpt sd lUdng Idn lao ddng nhap cU bat hdp phap, dan tdi tang nhu eau nhan lao ddng tO nudc ngoai theo kenh chinh thd'ng.
- Ngudn eung lao ddng Viet Nam khdng theo nhip eau, tao thuan Ipi cho doanh nghiep nude ta lua chpn ddi tae, lua chpn hdp ddng td't hon, dan tdi quyen ldi
cua ngudi lao ddng se dUOc bao dam tdt hon.
- NhOng thdng tin true tie'p tU ngudi lao ddng dang lam viec d Malaysia ve gia dinh, ban be, thdn xdm ve viec lam, thu nhap thuc te d day da lam cho nhieu ngudi lao ddng yen tam lUa ehpn th! trudng nay.
- Ci nhieu vung ndng thdn Viet Nam, va"n cdn mdt bd phan lao ddng khdng nhd thieu viec lam, chua duoc dao tao nghe nghiep, kinh te gia dinh cdn khd khan. Phan Idn trong sd hp chua du dieu kien de cd the tham gia vao th! trudng ddi hdi cao d ngoai nudc.
TU nhOng nhan dinh tren, Hiep hdi da tu van va khuye'n eao doanh nghiep, cac d!a phuong rang th! trUdng nay va"n can va cd
TAP CHl lAO OOMC MA ; ^ H O I - ro 396 - kV 1 THAI^G 1Q/Q010
NGI-llfEN C:i'/U TP^XC OOI
the khai thac de phuc vu cho mdt bd phan khdng nhd ngudi lao ddng khdng du dieu kien tham gia nhung thj trudng ddi hdi cao. Va, neu ed each lam td't, thi van dem lai hieu qua eho ngudi lao ddng khdng kem va cung cd the cao hdn mdt so thj trudng d khu vUe Trung Odng.
KET QUA BU6C DAU Vdi SU nd" luc vuot khd eCia eac doanh nghiep, trong 11 thang nam 2010, theo thd'ng ke chua day du cua Cue Quan ly Lao ddng Ngoai nudc, ket hpp sd lieu khao sat tai mdt sd doanh nghiep cija Hiep hdi, chung ta da dua tren 9.500 lao ddng sang lam viec tai Malaysia.
Nhu vay, trong sd 10 th!
trudng cd so lUpng lao ddng Viet Nam duoc tie'p nhan cao nha't trong 11 thang qua, thi Malaysia dUng thO hai. Dieu dang quan tam hdn la viec lam cua ngudi lao ddng dn djnh, thu nhap kha td't, trong dieu kien chi phi tha'p, ngudi lao ddng hai Idng vdi cdng viec va thu nhap, va viec nay da dUdc nhieu ngudi thdng tin ve nUde cho ngudi than. Va, nhd vay ngay eang nhieu ngudi lao ddng quan tam, tham gia thj trudng nay.
Khao sat mdt so doanh nghiep thude td'p dau ve sd lao ddng dUa di Malaysia 10 thang qua cho thay:
Cong ty HANIC:
- Da dua dupc tren 800 lao ddng lam viec cdng xUdng (dien to khoang 55%, det 30%, cd khi, nude, nhua...15%);
- Thu nhap eua lao dpng lam dien tO nhQng thang ft viee: 6 - 7 trieu ddng/thang, nhQng thang nhieu viec dat 7 - 8 trieu ddng/thang;
- Thu nhap cua lao ddng det dat 6 - 8 trieu ddng/thang, cd trudng hdp 10 trieu;
- Lao ddng eo khi dat 8 trieu ddng/thang.
Cong ty VILACO:
- Da dua dupc 1.011 lao ddng, trong dd ed gan 400 ngudi to huyen ngheo, 80% lao ddng lam dien tQ, 10% cO khi, 10%
nghe khae;
- Thu nhap cua lao ddng dien to dat tren 1.000 ringit (tren 6 trieu ddng), thu nhap cua lao ddng cO khi dat 7,5 - 8 trieu, cd trudng hop cao hdn.
Cong ty VIHATICO:
- Da dua di tren 800 ngudi, du kien ea nam nay se dat tren 1.000 lao ddng;
- Lao ddng chu yeu lam viec eho eac nha may dien tO. Thu nhap phd bien dat 6 trieu ddng trd len, trudng hop han hQu, thap nhat eung dat 5 trieu ddng/thang.
Cong ty HAIDECO:
Dua duoc 837 lao ddng, thu nhap cua ngudi lao dpng cQng tuong to.
KINH NGHllM BUdC DAU Nghien eUu each lam daii de'n thanh cdng eua cac doanh nghiep ddng gdp nhieu cho viee khdi phue th! trudng Malaysia, budc dau cd the rut ra mdt sd kinh nghiem dudi day:
Mpt la: Oanh gia dung ve thj trudng, chpn ddi tac va dOn hang tdt. Day la yeu td tien quyet de lay lai th! phan da mat tai Malaysia.
- Nhd danh gia dung ve thj trudng, nen cae doanh nghiep mdi du quyet tam, kien tri theo bam de vuc day th! trudng nay.
- Nhd lua chpn ddi tae, don hang td't, nen viec lam. thu nhap
cija ngudi lao ddng dn dinh va cao hon trUdc day. Dd la each td't nha't de doanh nghiep lay lai niem tin cua ngudi lao ddng ve th!
trudng nay.
- Nhung lam the nao de cd ddi tac tdt, don hang td't?
TO thuc te hoat ddng cua Cdng ty HANIC, eh! Nguyeri Thj Tuyet Mai, Phd Tdng GD cho biet;
"Ban than edng ty phai hoat ddng bai ban ehuyen nghiep; Ddi hdi cao vdi ddi tac va dap Ung ddi hdi eao CLia ddi tae; Phdi hdp trach nhiem cao vdi ddi tae".
- Mdt ehi tiet dang quan tam la cac doanh nghiep dem lai thu nhap cao cho ngudi lao ddng deu khdng lam qua Outsersing. Chu sO dung da phan la eac nha dau tu nudc ngoai.
Hai la: Td chUc td't viee cung cap thdng tin dung thOc te cho ngodi lao ddng.
Hau nho tat ca cac doanh nghiep tren deu chu trpng stl dung kenh thdng tin tO chinh ngudi lao ddng dang lam viec d Malaysia cung cap eho gia dinh, ban be va eho nhOng ngOdi lao ddng d Viet Nam cd nguyen vpng di lam viec d node ngoai ve dieu kien sinh hoat, lam viee, thu nhap eua hp d Malaysia.
Cdng ty HANIC khi ve dja phuong tuyen ehpn, khdng nhQng eung cap cho ngudi dan nhQng doan phim ve dieu kien lam viec, sinh hoat cua lao dpng dja phudng dd dang d Malaysia, ma cdn tao dieu kien chp hp ndi chuyen dien thoai true tiep vdi nhau de hieu biet thuc te, tham ehi cdn mdi nhQng gia dinh cd ngudi than dang d Malaysia den de tuyen truyen tao ngudn. Da cd mdt gia dinh d xa Binh Son, Luc Nam, Bac Giang cd con trai va eon dau dang lam viec d Malaysia TAP CHi lAO DOUG ^ Wi HOI - ro 396 - kV 1 THAhG 1Q/Q010
NGMlfEN Cl/U TI?/XC OCI
do cdng ty dua di, gidi thieu cho edng ty tren 30 lao ddng.
Cdng ty VILACO cung thpc hien chu trUdng "Lam tU nhd den Idn", lay chinh ngudi lao ddng da dua di de tuyen truyen eho ngudi khac; mdi chinh quyen dia phudng, phdng vien truyen hinh di thuc te de tuyen truyen cho ngudi dan.
Ba ta: Tuyen chpn va dao tao ky ludng.
Cac doanh nghiep lam td't deu eho rang, mac du cd thdi diem khan hiem ngudi, nhung trong tuyen ehpn khdng dUOc "vO beo, vat tep", kien quyet khdng tuyen nhOng ngudi xet tha'y khdng bao dam tieu chuan vi se dan de'n nhQng hau qua nang ne.
Lien theo viec tuyen ehpn la to chOc dao tao giao due djnh hudng trude khi xuat eanh that chu dao, dae biet la ve y thUc chap hanh ky cUOng, sinh hoat cua ngudi lao ddng khi d Malaysia.
Bon la: Hd'tro ngUdi lao ddng hoan tat nhanh thu tuc va tie'p can vd'n vay.
Nhieu doanh nghiep cO can bd ve tan d!a phoong hudng dan, tu van giup ngudi lao ddng trong viec hoan thien cae thu tue can thiet de xuat canh va tiep can vd'n vay. De giam bdt khd khan cho ngudi lao ddng cd doanh nghiep da thdng nha't vdi ehu sO dung de ngudi lao ddng tra dan chi phi khi da cd luong d Malaysia.
Nam la: Tan tinh hd"tro kjp thdi ngudi lao ddng khi gap rui ro.
Dieu nay vUa the hien trach nhiem, tinh cam eua doanh nghiep ddi vdi ngUdi lao ddng, ddng thdi cung la each lam td't de doanh nghiep xay dung uy tin, thuong hieu doanh nghiep va phat
trien th! trudng mdt each ben vQng.
Theo phan anh cua eac doanh nghiep, nam 2010 vdi each lam mdi, tinh trang rui ro cua ngudi lao ddng da giam den mOc rat tha'p. Va, khi gap trudng hop rui ro, doanh nghiep hd"tro thda dang eho ngudi lao ddng.
Cdng ty HANIC, cd mdt sd lao ddng khi sang de'n Malaysia kham lai sUe khde khdng dat.
Theo quy dinh, phfa ban se tra ve nudc, nhung cdng ty da de'n dam phan vdi ddi tac, de nghj keo dai cho ngudi lao ddng lam them 1 - 2 thang de bu lai mdt phan chi phi; Odng thdi cdng ty cung hd"
tro mdt phan de bO dap chi phi cho ngudi lao ddng. Dae biet ed hai trudng hop ve Viet Nam kham lai tha'y ket qua dat, cdng ty da bd tri lai di mieri phi.
Hudng tdi se ngay eang nhieu lao ddng Viet Nam dUdc chuan b! du dieu kien de tham gia vao eac th! trudng ed thu nhap va ddi hdi cao, ehung ta van can gan lpe va duy tri mdt th! trudng ed kha nang thu hut hang chuc nghin lao ddng Viet Nam, ma ngay trong hoan canh khd khan, da cd tdi ehue nghin lao ddng nudc ta lua chpn.
Gdp phan lam sd'ng lai mdt thi trudng nhu Malaysia nam qua la mdt nd" lue Idn, la thanh cdng budc dau. Oe th! trudng nay tiep tuc phat trien ben vOng, cae doanh nghiep tham gia can cd each lam mdi, can khai thac, thOc hien td't cae kinh nghiem thanh cdng neu tren, ddng thdi khac phuc triet de nhQng khiem khuyet trudc day cua minh. Oac biet la can quan triet phuong cliam: "Lay chat lupng lam trpng, tfch epe nhung phai vOng chac" •
Dao tao nghe...
(Tie'p theo trang 26) ndng dan trong thdi gian nhan rdi, ddng thdi dao tao lao dpng ky thuat cao dai han; phai gan day nghe ket hpp day van hda va y thOe to loc vOOn len de ngudi hpe cd the tp minh tiep can vdi cO hdi tim dope viec lam cd thu nhap eao; td chOe dao tao nghe phai gan vdi chien lope phat trien kinh te - xa hdi dja phuong, vung; dia phuong nao manh nganh gi thi uu tien xay dung trudng ky thuat day nghe eho nganh dd; cae trudng day nghe do tinh quan ly tap trung dao tao lao ddng ky thuat eao (trung cap, cao dang nghe), cae trudng day nghe do huyen quan ly tap trung day cac nghe thu cdng ddi vdi nhdm lao ddng cd trinh dp tha'p nham eung Ong lao ddng cho cac doanh nghiep nhd.
Day la giai phap tfch epe, ehu ddng va linh hoat trong viec tao dau vao eho dao tao nghe gdp phan thay ddi ed ca'u "thp - thay"
chua hop ly hien nay, va eung cap luc luong lao ddng cd tay nghe eao. Viec thie't lap ehuong trinh phai dam bao gan vdi thpc te: doanh nghiep can gi, nha trudng thiet ke chOdng trinh dung theo yeu eau dd, khi ket thuc hpc phan, hpc vien ra trudng di lam ed the Ung dung ngay nhOng kien thUe da hpc, sau nay neu cd dieu kien thi hpc lien thdng len cap eao hOn, bat dau d so cap sau dd nang len trung cap va edng nhan ky thuat rdi tien tdi la ky sU. Quy hoaeh td't hpe nghe, day nghe ehinh la khau then chd't tao cdng an viec lam eho hoc vien •
TAP CHI LAO DOMG V|A ^ HOI " ro 396 - kV 1 THAhG IQ/QOIO
