THUI; TRANG NHU CAU sU UUNG THIH GIAN NGOAI GIU LEN IDP CUA SINH lilEN TRiriiNG DAI HUC Slf PHAM - DAI HOC THAI NGUYEN
ThS. P H A M V A N C U O N G '
H
ien nay, sinh vien (SV) cac trudng dai hpc.eao dang trong ca nt/dc dang hoe tap theo phuong thtjfe dao tao theo hpe ehe tin chi.
Phupng thue dao tao nay njt ng^n thdi gian hoc tap li thuyet cua ngudi hoe d tren Idp, dong thdi tang thdi gian ti/ hpc, tu nghien ciJfu d nha. Do dd, S V ed nhieu thdi gian de thuc hien eac hoat ddng ngoai gid len Idp (HCNGLL). Vay, thdi gian do dupc SV sudung vao nhung hoat ddng (HD) gi'? Nhung HO nao dupe SV ua thieh? Day la nhung van de can dupc tim hieu, nghien CIKJ de giup cac nha quan li, giang vien (G V) ed su djnh hucffig, hudng d i n SV su dungthdi gian NG LL mpt each hpp li, dat dupe hieu qua tdi uu.
1. Hien nay, khai niem ''nhu cat/' da dupc l<ha nhieu nha tam li hpe. giao diic hpe trong nude va qude te dinh nghla dudi nhieu gdc dp khac nhau (tham ehl suquan tam nghien culi edn dupc nang len 0 mire dp "hpe thuyet ve nhu cau").
C. Mac cho r^ng; "Nhu cau la nhung dol ha khach quan eua moi con ngudi trong nhung dieu kien nhat dinh dam bao cho su sdng va phat trien cua eon ngudi" (1); edn theo tac gia ViJ Dung: "Nhu cau ta nhung doi hoi tat yeu. deca nhan ton tai va phat then Imng nhung dieu kien nhat tf/n/i"(2). Cae y kien nay eung ddng nhat vdi quan niem dung pho bien hien nay trong tam W hqc: nhu cau la sudoi hoi tat yeu ve vat chat, tinh than ma con ngucfi thay can dugc thda man deton tai va phat then.
Ddi vdi hoat dpng hpc tap cua SV tai cac tn/dng dai hpc, chijng tdi quan mem: "thdigian tren /cp"la khoang ha gian SV phai thuc hien HO hpc tap (hpc chinh khda. tht/c hanh. thao luan, seminar,...) bat budc theo chuong trinh quy dmh va ed su hudng dan tore tiep eua giang vien (GV); cdn 7/jd/ gian WGLi'la khoang thoi gen SV khdng phai den ta/dng, dU(?c tl/ hpe, nghl ngpi hay tham gia cac HD khac (nhu: tt/ hpc. vui choi giai tri, lam them,...) ma khdng cd sir glam sat ciJaGV.
2.0edanhgiavenhu cau sudung thdi gian NGLL cua SV Trudng Dai hpc su pham - Dai hpc Thai Nguyen (OHSP-DHTN), ehung "tdi da sudung PP
28 Tap chi Gide dye so 304
nghien eiiu "dieu tra viet" la chu yeu (vdi 3 mde dp nhu cau: - Cao (!v tu 2.4 den 3,0); - Binh thudng (!v tir 1,7 den 2.39); - Thap ( T tu 1,0 den 1,69) co ket hc^ vdl mpt sd PP (nhu: nghien ci/u tai lieu, tro chuyen, quan sat, st) dung phan mem thdng ke SPSS,...) ddi vdi 150 SV nam tht/ 2 {K45} dang hpc tai (DHSP-DHTN). Ket qua thu dupc nhu sau:
Bang 1. Nhu cau stidung thdigian NGLL cua SV Tn/ong DHSP-DHTN s n
1
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CSC HONGLL
i J h o c tunghien cuu Lam BiSm Vui ctiOi Q i l l In van hOa van ngfrf TOTT Tinh nguyin
wcea Jn/eng tuydn
SL 59 20 90 3J n
%
39 3 133 GD.O 22 7 B.O
Dit kin SL 75 SB SB 104 77
%
sn.o 3flB 37 3 E9.3 5! ,3
KltCng lao giO SL IG 72 4 12 61
1.
10.7 4S.0 2,7 a,o
40,7
iii i
u%
l,S5 Z,S7 z.ts 1.67
Bang 1 cho thay SV sii dung Ihdi gian NGLL khong nhu nhau voi cac HD l<hac nhau: SV co nhu cau cao nhat trong HD "vui chai, giai tri, (DTB: 2,57):
CO nhu cau d miJrc do binh thudng d cac HD "tuhoc, tunghien cuW va "van hda, van nghe, TDTT] co nhu cau thap vol cac HD "tinh nguyen", "iam them',...
Tim hieu them ve HO "vui choi, giai tri", ehung toi nhan thay: SV Tn/ong DHSP-DHTN co nhu cau cao doi vol cac HD "nai/ arf (OTB: 2,76] (tat nhien, ket qua nay cung do SV nhom khach the dieu tra co toi 80% ia ni? nen hp thudng tap trung vao cac HO phu hop vdi sd thich cua phai na): "xem phim, nghe nhad" (OTB: 2,67): "ngit (OTB: 2,58): "ditham, gap gdban bf (DTB; 2,50) va co nhu cau thap hon a cac HO nhu "di tham quan, du lich" (DTB' 1,92 • do dieu kien kinh te khong cho phep nen cac em van cho \a "xa xi, ton kem"), 'chaigamef (DTB: 1,90),...
De hieu sau hdn ve cac yeu to anh huong den nhu cau si) dung thdi gian NGLL cua SV, chiJng toi tien hanh tim hieu nguyen nhan. Ket qua thu duoc nhi/sau(xem/)a'rT32):
* Tnrang fiai boc stf plian - fiai boc Tbai Nguyen
-(kl2-2l2013)
Bang 2. Yeu tdanh hudng deh nhu cau sudung thdigian NGLL cua SV Tmdng DHSP-DHTN
NgufinntOn
Nguyen nhin chii quan
Nguyin
idtach q u i n
1 Oo tam ll t h i d l c h d hOn hoc 2. Chu^ n h i n thuc duoc d^y dii si/
c i n lh)tt zia vltc sis dung itiOl gian NGLL
3 Tlf y VHJC v j Vltc %\s dung Ihdi gtan NGLL cdn han c h t 4 Bdn Ihan Cd nhiSu nhu cSu can m u c W h i
S lOioana Ihdi gian r j n h rdi t\\ii nhitu 6 Kndng c d s i / qudn li cua gia dinh, nha irUdng n t n dUOc tU dd Irong smh hoat
7 SU h i p d j n cda cac HONGLL S. Aflh hudng ciia mdi Irudng sdng va hQC U p
Ting
361 376 367 343 363 376 375 331
BIB 2.41
2 51
2 « 2.33
2.42
2.52
2,50
2.33 TB 6 2
-
7 S 1 3 8
- Nha trudng can co su phoi hop vdi gia dinh de tang cudng su quan li, giam sat cac HONGLL cua SV. •
Nhuvay, da co nhieu nguyen nhan chu quan va khach quan anh hudng den nhu cau su dyng thdi gian NGLL cija SV nha tn/dng. Trong do, nhom nguyen nhan anh huong nhieu den nhu cau sudung thdi gian NGLL cua SV ia: "iihong co suquan iicHa gia dinh, nha tmdng nen duae tudo, thoai mai trong smh hoai (DTB: 2,52); 'chua nhan thiic duae day du cua viec su dung thai gian A/GLi" (OTB: 2,51);
"do suhap din cua HONGLL' (DTB: 2,50) va cac nguyen nhan anh hudng Jt ia: "Ban than co nhieu nhu cau phai thuc hierf; "Anh huang cua moi tn/cmg song va hoc tap',...
3. Qua nhOng nghien ciiu ve thuc trang nhu cau sudgng thdi gian NGLL cua SV trudng OHSP • OHTN Chung toi cd mot so y k i l n de x u S nhu sau:
• HONGLL la nhCrng HO bo'tro, giup ich rat nhieu cho HO hpc tap va nghien cuu khoa hgc cua SV.
Do vay, de tranh cho SV thyc hien cac HONGLL khong thiet thuc, nha tn/dng can chi dao Doan thanh nien, Hpi SV to' chdc nhiing HO oho SV da dang, phong phu, can doi hai hda giira hpc tap va vui chdi.
- Doan thanh nien can to chuc cac buoi tpa dam.
seminar,... ve nhOng lac dong, anh huiing cua viec siydimg thdi gian NGLL hdp li va chua hpp ii tac dpng den su hinh thanh, phat trie'n nhan each cua SV.
• Khi hudng dan SV ve PP tu hpc, l u nghien ciiu d nha, GV can giup oac em xay dung ke hoach tu hpc, thdi gian bie'u hpp li cho mdi mon hpc, ki hpc.
- SV can xay dung "thdi gian bleu" chp HONGLL;
luon y thuc duoc nhiem vu chu yeu cho timg toai HO:
phan phdi thdi gian hpc tap, lam them, vui choi hpp li, phu hpp vdi dieu kien cua ban than.
Tai lieu tham khao
2 C.Mac. He tirtinrng Dlic. NXB SiflMr H. 1987.
I. VQ Dflng (chii bien). Tir dien T a m li hoc. NXB Ti, dien Itdcii tUioa. H. 2008
SUMMARY
Nowadays, in the training method of the credits at colleges and universiUes around oitr country, time for students in the class ts shortened: in contrast, their outside-classroom time is lengthened. So what do students actually use this outside-classroom Ume for? In this article, we do a research on the current state at College of Education. Thai Nguyen Univer- sity to answer that question. The article presents 9 reasons, both subjective and objective, for the cur- rent state and at the same time, we propose some soluUons which help students use their outside-class- room time effectively and suitably.
Mot SO hinh thirc to chirc...
(Ti^ Iheo trang 44)
"Van nghe"'Day la n h i ^ g tiet muc (hat, miia, tieu pham,,..) do chinh SV dan dt/ng va bieu diln c6 ngi dung phu hffp vai chu de cua buoi sinh hoat.
Hoat dong CLB "Em yeu LS'la mot hinh thiic to chiic day hgc khong chi giup HS pho thong them yeu thich mon LS ma con la cO hgi cho SV su" pham tham gia. Hinh thiic nay can duoc nhan rang de phat huy vai tro cua bao tang trong SLT nghiep doi mcfi giao due hien nay. •
(ki2-2/2013)-
Tai lieu tham kliao
I. NguySn Thj Cfii. Bdo tang Uch sir, each mang trong day hoc lich su- <r truwng phrf thdng NXB Dai hoc quae gia Hd N6i, 1998.
1. Phan Ngoc Lifin (chu biftn) P h m m g phap day hoc lich SIT {tap 2). NXB Dai hoc supham, 2009.
3 Mejaejesa E.B. IOXHCBHH M.K). MyieHuafi neiiarorHKa B uiKOJie. Bwn. 2 • CDS.. Cnea/lHX, 2000;
208 c.
SUMMARY
This article proposes some ways to organize 7 love History" Club at Vietnam National Museum of History for History Education Students - Teachers in the future. Attending these activities, students not only develope their History content knowledge but also their professional skills, that meets the require- ments of teaching History subject at schools.
