VAN HOA BIEN DAO V(3l PHAT TRIEN DU LICH BEN ViJNG d HAI PHONG
Nguyen Thi Chien Khoa Ly lugn chinh tri Emaiichienhtp@gmail. com
Ngdy nhgn bdi: 09/11/2017 Ngdy PB ddnh gid: 30/11/2017 Ngdy duyet ddng: 09/12/2017
TOM T A T
v a n hda biln dao Hdi Phdng cd tbi ndi la mdt frong nhiing ndt ddc tnmg cua vdn hoa ngudi Viet frong qua trinh bao tdn va phdt friln. Bai viet tap trung vao hoan cdnh dieu ki?n mdi d ven biln can duyen Hdi Phdng, de vdn hda bien ddo dugc coi la nhiing nhdn td quan ttgng gdp phdn dang k l vao sy thdnh cdng cho qud trinh khai thae va phdt trien du lich ben virng. Bdn eanh nhiing ngudn tai nguyen du lich ty nhien hdt sue phong phii thi tdi nguydn du lich nhdn vdn dugc nhan dinh nhu mgt tiem nang phdt trien ben vung vdi eac thanh td van hda v^t thi vd phi vat thi. Ddng thdi, day la mdt xu hudng md ra cho sy phdt triin du lich bin virng d Hdi Phdng.
Tir khda: vdn hoa, bien ddo, du lich ben vieng
SEA-ISLAND CULTURE IN THE PERMANENT DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN HAIPHONG
ABSTRACT
Haiphong sea-island is considered as one of the typical features of Vietnamese people in the conservation and developraent. The article focuses on the sea-island culture in coastal areas of Hai Phong, where culture is one ofthe vital factors greatly contributing to the success in exploiting and developing permanent tourism. Apart from varied natural tourism resources, the human cultural resources is thought to be a potential to develop material and non material tourism. Meanwhite, this is also the tendency to the permanent tourism development in Hai Phong.
Keywords: culture, sea-island, permanent tourism
I. DAT VAN DE cho du lich Hai Phong budc nhanh manh Cd mdt nin du lieh bin viing la cd ™"8 chdc bdng chinh ngi lyc tai nguyen du trong tay mgt nin kinh tl xanh bin vimg. Uch cua minh. Khdng ngoai dau khdc van Dilu nay da tao ra mdt dgng lyc manh me ^^^ bien dao cua cu dan Hdi Phdng la mpt
30 I TRirCfNG DAI HQC HAI PHONG
the raanh tiem ndng tuong xiing vdi cac tnmg tdm du lich cua ca nudc. Dung nhu Mang Ludi td chuc Du lich The gidi cua Lien Hgp Qudc (United Nation World Tourism Organization Network - UNWTO) chi ra rdng: "viee phdt ttien du lich ben vung khdng ehi chu ttgng den mdi trudng ma cdn tap trung vao viec duy tri nhiing vdn hda cua dia phuang vd dam bao viec phat trien kinh te, mang lai lgi ich cdng bdng eho cdc nhdm ddi tugng tham gia". Nhung yeu td van hda do se tdn frgng tinh trung thuc ve xd hgi vd vdn hoa cua cac cdng ddng dia phucmg, bao tdn di san van hda vd cac gia tri tmyen thdng dd dugc xay dung va dang sdng dgng, ddng gdp vao su hieu biet, chia se lidn vdn hda. Trdn mgt gdc do khac thi du lich ben vung giup khai thdc ngudn tai nguyen ragt each cd y thuc vd khoa hgc, ddra bao cho cac ngudn tai nguyen ndy sinh sdi vd phdt trien dd the hd sau, the he tuong lai cd the dugc tiep ndi va tan dung.
Dieu ndy khdng ngodi yeu td ndo khac do chinh la van hda bien dao cua Hai Phong da frd thanh ehia khda md ra cho du lich phat trien diing hudng frong tuong lai.
2. NQl DUNG
2.1. Nhung nhgn dfnh cff bdn vi phdt triin du lich bin vimg & Hdi Phong Ndi din du lich Hai Phdng dugc nhdn dinh nhu mdt san pham du lieh bien xanh cung vdi ngudn tdi nguyen du lich tu nhien hit sue phong phu va hdp dan. Dieu nay se thiiu di rdt nhiiu vdi nhiing san phdm raang gia tri nhdn van ma vdn hda bien dao chiem ty Id khdng nhd frong cae chuong trinh du lich. Cimg vdn 6h khai thdc va sd dung tai nguyen thi thyc sy eo phai la nhiing khd khan eho vide phdt triin du lich ben viing. Vay ddu la nguyen nhdn chinh va chu yeu khien cho viec phat triin du lich ben vimg d nhiing khu
vyc biln ddo d Hdi Phdng cdn gap nhieu khd khan vd thyc bien cham chap. Qua su tun hidu, van la each khai thac tmyen tbdng frong dd tap trung chu yeu vao ngudn nhan lyc du lich chua dugc nhan thdc ddy du ve du lich ben vung khai thac cho san pham van hda.
Phdt tridn du lich ben viing ddi bdi su tham du hieu biet eiia tdt ca nhiing nhdm dugc anh hudng bdi du lich, ciing nhu sy lanh dao chinh tri manh me de dam bao su tham gia sdu rdng va xay dung sy ddng thudn. Dat dugc du lich ben viing la mdt qua frinh lien tyc vd ddi hdi sy gidra sat khdng ngiing cua nhirng anh hudng, gidi thieu nhimg bidn phap phdng trdnh bode sua ehiia bat kl khi nao cdn thidt.
Gdn ddy du lich vdn hda duge xem la loai san pham ddc thu cua cae nudc dang phat trien, thu hut nhieu khach du lich qudc te. Du lieh van hda chii yeu dua vao nhiing san pham vdn hda, nhung Id hgi truyen tbdng dan tdc, ke ca nhiing phong tuc tin ngudng... de tao sdc hut ddi vdi khdch du lich bdn dia vd tu khdp noi fren the gidi. Ddi vdi khach du lich cd so thich nghien ciiu, kham pha van hda va phong tuc tap quan ban dia, thi du lich van hda la ca hdi de thda man nhu cdu cua hg. Phan ldn boat ddng du lich vdn hda gan lien vdi dia phuang - noi luu giii nhieu le hdi van Hda va ciing la ddu an ban sdc van hda tai qudc gia do. Bdi le, mdi khu vuc tten the gidi ed ddc diem van hda khac nhau. Du lich van hda khdng nhihig giup md rdng gia tri san pham van hda ma cdn giiip bao tdn, duy tri lau ben nhung gia tri vdn hda dang ngay cdng hi mai mgt bode hi pha buy bdi thdi gian hay bdi sy lang quen cua ngudi dan bdn dia. Neu khdng cd du lieh, san phdm vdn hda chi dan thuan cd gia tri ljch su, nghe thudt hay khoa hgc khdng tbi mdt ndm ddng gdp mgt gid tri kinh te nhdt dinh cho nin kinh te qude ddn. Khi du lich tham nhap vao edng TAP CHI KHOA HQC, S6 27, thang 3/2018 31
ddng lai dl lam thuong mai hda nhung gid tri van hda ban dia. Trong khi do ban sdc chua dugc sii dung sao cho that hieu qua dl quang bd, giao luu vdn hda trong du lich thi cac binh thiic pha tap van hda lai cd nhung nhan td anh hudng manh me. Nhu vay, de bdo tdn, khai thdc nhiing ydu td vdn hda bien dao eho du ljch ben viing thi khdng ngoai ai khae la cu dan dia phuong, chinh hg la ngudn nhan lue nhdm dap iing yeu cau cua thi trudng va cdng ddng.
2.2, Nhiing dieu kien vdn hda Men ddo noi b&t tgo thugn lgi cho du lich Hdi Phong phdt trien ben vung.
Hai Phdng cd bd bien dai tren 125 km ke ca bd bien chung quanh cae dao khai, trai qua 7 quan huyen, tiep giap vdi Quang Ninh phia Bdc va Thai Binh phia Nam, chiem ty Id 0,019 ldn so vdi bd biln Viet Nam. Bd bidn cd hudng mgt dudng eong 1dm cua bd vinh Bdc Bd, thdp va kha bdng phdng, cdu tao chu ydu la cat bun do 5 ciia sdng chinh dd ra. Tren doan chinh giiia bd biln, mui Dd San nhd ra nhu mdt ban dao. Ddy la diem mut ciia dai ddi niii chay ra tu trong ddt liin, cd cdu tao da cdt ket (sa thach) tudi Devon, dinh cao nhdt dat 125 m, do dai nhd ra biln 5 km theo hudng Tdy Bdc - Ddng Nam. LTu t h i v l cdu tnic ty nhien nay da tao cho Dd Son cd mdt vj tri chien luge quan trgng tren raat bien, ddng thdi ciing la mdt thdng eanh ndi tieng ciia dia phuong. Ngoai khoi thudc dia phan Hdi Phdng ed nhiiu dao rai rae tren khdp mat biln, ldn nhdt cd dao Cat Ba, xa nhdt la dao Bach Long VT. Biln, bd biln vd hai dao da tao nen cdnh quan thien nhien ddc sdc cua thanh phd duyen hai. Day cung la mgt thi manh tiim ndng cua ndn kinh t l du lich dia phuong.
Cu dan ven biln Hai Phdng ngudn goi binh thanh va thanh phan kha phiic tap, do di vd mat CO cdu td chuc lang xd eiing rat di dang. Hau bet cu dan da cd dat dinh cu trer bd, song tai mgt sd lang chdi ven cda sdng ldn dd ra bien vdn edn hinh thuc sinh sdng tten thuydn thdnh cdc lang. Tren manh dil cac ldng ven bien each day hang van ndm da cd con ngudi sinh sdng. Cu dan eac Idng ven bien Hdi Phong binh thanh tu hai ngudn chii yen dd la ngudi Viet ban dia vd ngudi Viet tii noi khdc den ed mdi lien he vdi nhiing nguoi sir dung ngii be Ma Lai da ddo. Vung biln Hai Phdng xua ndra tten con dudng di cu v6 phuong Nam va tdc ngudi nay cd ty cu Iai thanh nhiing lang ben cua bien, ddng sdng ldn eua Hdi Phong bay khdng, didu dd cSn phdi tidp tyc nghien ciiu va gidi ma chinh xac cho cu dan viing nay. Theo cac gia pha, sac than, qua dieu tta dien da cho thay cdc ddng hg cua ngudi Hai Phdng da dang, qudn tu cu dan tu bdn phia, ttong ngoai. Tir miln niii theo xudng ddng bdng, xudng biln thanh nhieu dgt, vd hoang, ldn biln din dau lap nghiep den dd. Dai bg phan dan cu ven biln deu sinh sdng frong cdc cgng ddng cung voi nhiing ngudi lam nghi khac ma ddc tnmg nhat vdn la cu dan ndng nghiep. Ndi chung, noi dang sdng Id ddt mdi khai khdn, frong khi cu ddn lai cd gde gac tu dan lam nghi nong nghiep la ehu yeu. Nhu vay, vdn d l dat ra la cu ddn vung ven biln Hai Phdng trudc khi co cu dan ndng nghiep trong ngi dia di ra khai pha thi ai la chu nhan noi day. Chii nhan cac vdn hod khao cd ven bien hidn nay di ddu va ai la di due ciia hg.
Thdng qua ket qua khdo ciiu nghien euu ve khao cd bgc, tu lieu lich sii va tmyIn thuylt dan gian cho thay qua trinh hinh thanli va phdt tridn cua ngudi Viet d Hdi Phdng
32 I TRirONG D^I HQC HAI PHONG
xuat hien ben canh nhdm ngudi Viet bdn dia cdn cd nhieu nhdm ngudi Viet khae tu ddng bang Bdc Bd vd Bdc Trung Bg di cu tdi. Ldu dan hg trd thanh mdt bd phan dan cu, chia se kinh nghiem 1dm an, cgng sinh, cdng cam va cgng mdnh fren manh ddt mdi. Ben canh tmh phue tap ve ngudn gdc cu dan (co cau dan cu tap ngudn, tu chdu thd trdn ra bien, cu dan tien tni, thdm chi cd bd phan dan cu ngoai bidn di cu tdi ...), do phai ddi mdt hdng ngdy vdi tinh khdc liet cua bidn ca, sdng vdi sdng nudc, cdt chat cugc ddi vdi eon thuyen, nen tu duy ciia ngudi dan ven bien bet sue gidn don. Tu do hinh thanh frong cac cdng ddng nay mdt ldi sdng, van hda, phong tue, tap qudn sinh boat vd bdn liiih ridng trong each ling xu vdi bien ca.
Bd bien cd hudng mgt dudng eong lorn cua bd vinh Bdc Bd, thdp va kha bang phdng, edu t^o ehu yeu Id cdt bim do 5 cua sdng chinh do ra. Cac lang ven bien dugc hinh thdnh tu eua sdng Bach Dang den cua sdng Thai Binh qua cac xd, phudng thudc cac huyen Cat Hai, Thuy Nguyen, Kien Thuy, Tien Lang, VTnh Bao, cdc qudn Dd Son, Hdi An. Cdc lang xa ven bien Hai Phdng eung dugc dinh cu nhu cac ldng xd ngudi Viet d vung ddng bdng chau thd sdng Hdng. Bieu hien sy thich nghi ciia mdt bd phdn ngudi Viet tnrdc vung ddt mdi. Sy binh thdnh cae lang ven bien ngdy nay la ket qud cua bao the he ngudi Viet xdy dyng ldn. Du ttong hoan cdnh nao, cu dan vdn td ehiic theo quy dinh cua Nha nudc, vdn hinh thanh theo truyen thdng cua eu dan ndng ngbiep ket hgp vdi nghd di biln radi. Dilu nay duge phdn ndo thd hien qua ket cdu canh quan, boat ddng nghi nghiep di biln. Ten lang xa thudng ggi hay gdn vdi viing ddt radi hoac ten lang tu ten cua que cii (ten chii chu yeu bieu dat udc
vgng binh an, phdn thinh; ten ndra cd y nghia vi tri dinh cu, ddc trung lam dn cua cu ddn) nhu Van Huong, Van Son, Tdy Hung, Tien Hung... Thiia khai sinh lap ap, lap lang, nhan dan mdt sd ldng ven bien chu yeu sdng bdng nghe danh bdt thuy bai san vd ttdng lua. Dat dai ven bien chua man ddi hdi phai dugc cai tao, nggt boa mdt each ben bi, lau dai. Liia d vung nay ndng sudt thdp ndn nghi danh bdt ca sdng, bien dugc eoi la nghe chinh. Nghe ddnh bdt thuy san phat ttien ciing khien viec che bien thuy san, ddng mdi va sua chiia ngu cy phdt trien.
Cu dan thudc cac ldng can ke bien khdng cd cdc con sdng chay, chit ydu sdng bang nghe di bien, danh bdt hai san, nudi trdng bdi sdn. Cung vdi nghi ddnh bdt ea bien, hg cdn cd nghe budn ban/thuong nghiep, d day boat ddng ndng nghiep chiem ty trgng thap hon so vdi 2 ngdnh nghd ngu nghidp va thuong nghiep. Cu dan d cac lang cua sdng can duyen ddi sdng kinh te ndng nghiep vdn chiem ty ttgng cao (khodng 40%), ngodi ra, cdn ed nghd lam mudi va cd kinh te thuong nghiep (bdn ca, ban mudi...) chiem ty ttgng thdp ban kinh te ndng nghidp. Ciing chinh xudt phat tu dia binh, ddc diem ty nhien, ddc didm cua ddi sdng kinh te, ty trgng cac thanh phan kinh te frong ddi sdng cua cdng ddng cu dan d cdc lang ven bien Hdi Phong tuy cd nhiing net tuong ddng phd quat, nhung ve mdt phuang didn nao dd vdn cd nhiing net rieng. N I U nhu d cac ldng d can ke bien yeu td vdn hda bien da dugc the hidn rd net/tinh trdi (thd cac bieu tugng cua mat trang) thi d cac lang eiia sdng can duyen cd the nhan thay cd yiu td van hda biln va van hda ndng nghiep (thd cac bidu tugng mat frdi phu hgp vdi ddi sdng kinh tl ndng nghiep vd cu dan lam raudi...). Ddi vdi cac lang xa
T^P CHI KHOA HQC, S6 27, thang 3/2018 33
bien d hai ben cdc con sdng, vdi nhimg canh ddng bang phdng, mau md d mdt gdc do nao do vdn hda ndng nghidp vdn mang tinh frdi, yeu td vdn hda bidn bien phan ndo cdn md nhat (Id hdi cdu mua mong cd nudc cho sdn xuat ndng ngbiep va nia man cho dat. Vi vao miia khd, cac con sdng can nudc, nude bidn xdm nhdp vdo eae eon sdng, khidn cho nude man ngdm vdo ddt frdng frgt).
Hien nay, eu ddn cac lang vimg Kien Thuy smh sdng chu ydu tren them phu sa cd bdi tg cua con sdng Vdn Uc. Ben canh ddi sdng vdt chdt phong phu, cdn cd nhiing net ddc ddo rieng ve van boa tinh than gan vdi nghi Id thd than hoang, ngudi cd cdng vdi lang, thd ciing td tien... Sau nhirng miia vu lao ddng vdt vd, ttong nhimg ngay 16 tet, hgi he, nhan dan tu tap ve san dinh, chiia, vui choi bieu dien nhimg ldn dieu dan ca, hat vi, hat cheo... dam da sac van hoa cu dan vimg dat ven bien Hai Phdng. Vdo nhung ngay ddu xuan, nhan ddn thudng td chdc cac ttd choi vui khoe the hien tinh thugng v5 nhu danh vat, danh du, cd ngudi, keo co... Ddc biet vao ngay hdi lang mdng sau thang Gidng dia phuong td chiic md hdi Idn (ddng dam) te than Ddng Hai Dai Vuong Thien Quan Vii Mudi, cd mde kieu, mua rdng phugng, ngodi san dinh cd frd vdt cdu la frd chinh thu hut ddng dao ngudi tham gia va xem hdi.
CJ vung ddt ddng bang ven biln huydn Tien Lang, theo dieu tra thyc dia, d noi nay cd 80 ddng hg tu Hdi Duong, Kiln Thuy, Thai Binh. Ddy Id ket qua cua vide dl ddn trong thdi ky ldn bien, khai hoang dyng dp, lap lang. Trai qua cac triiu dai phong kiln, lang xdm da kha phdn thinh, dat dai mau md lang xdm ddng ddn, hinh thanh tiiem nhiiu lang mdi. Sau do lan sdng di ddn din vung dat nay ngay cang ddng vua dl khai pha md mang, viia lam phdn dau giu gin miln duydn
hai. Mdt sd tudng ITnh cd cdng dugc cdp dat, md dien ttang thai dp d vimg ddt dugc tdn vinh la thdnh hoang ldng vd dugc thd ty d cac dinh, den, mieu.
Dai bg phan cu ddn ven bidn d Dd Son, Cdt Hai, diu sinh sdng dinh cu tten dat liin thdnh cac thdn lang, ragt hinh thiic td chuc xa hdi CO ban nhu phan ldn cu ddn ndng nghidp khac. Ldng ven biln la diem tu cu cua ngu dan d ngay tten bai cdt sat bien hay lui xa vdo phia ttong bdi mgt chut. Cu ddn eac ldng nay vdn edn gift lai hdi uc la hg td mgt nai nao do tdi lap cu d ddy, tii bien vao, cd le td Thanh Hod theo dudng bidn vao Dd Son, cd gia dinh ddng hg lai tu Hdi Duong hay cac tinh ddng bang khdc di ra.
Cac vung ven bien Hdi Phdng co nhiing budc ddu phdt tridn raanh rae, v6 co edu kinh te nghi nghiep, mgt sd nghe ca, ndng nghidp chidra ty le kha cao trong nen kinh te. Tu nhiing nhdn dinh ttdn ddy, chung tdi cdn cii vao tap quan cu tni, ddi tugng ngudn lgi ma cac nhdm cgng ddng khai thac, ky thudt danh bdt thuy sdn, quan be xa hgi, ddi sdng tdn giao va tin ngudng,... thdy rdng ndi bdt ldn 3 binh thai lang ven bien ed ddc diim theo dia hinh dinh eu nhu sau: ldng ven biln cd dia hinh sdt vdi bd bidn, dao ven bd (can duydn);
lang cda sdng ven bidn dugc dinh cu ngay sat vdi cua sdng Bach Ddng, sdng Cdm, sdng Lach Tray, sdng Van Uc vd sdng Thai Binh; lang ndi ddng (cdc ldng ven biln dinh cu bai ben bd cac ddng sdng cd ydu td anh hudng cua biln). Sd dT nhdn dinh dugc nhu vay Id do yeu td dia hinh dinh cu da quyet dinh den kinh te, chinh tri, vdn hda, xa hdi va vdn hda se la tdm guong phan chiiu cho dae diem ndi bat cua cae ydu td ndy.
34 I TRUdNG D^I HQC HAI PHONG
Hdu bet cac lang dinh cu tai eae vung eua sdng ven biln ddu theo Phat giao. Nhieu lang ven biln theo dao Thien Chiia. Tm ngudng thd thanh hoang eung dugc cac lang ndng nghidp va cac lang ngu ngbiep thd phyng. Ngoai ra cdn cd tin ngudng ddn gian thd than bien, thdn nui, than sdng, thdn ttdu, than nudc, than mua, than mat ttdi, mat frdng, than set, Ddng Hai Dai Vuong, Nam Hai Dai Vuong, Diem Tude Dai Vuong (ca ba vi than ndy ddu gdn vdl biln). Dac biet, cac vi thanh than anh hung dan tde cd cdng khai khan dat dai frong cdc cugc chien dau ehdng ke thu xam luge phuang Bdc nhu nS tudng Le Chdn, Ngd Quyin, Trdn Hung Dao, Pham Tu Nghi... eiing duge nhdn dan hit long thd phyng.
Cu ddn cac lang ven bien Hai Phdng den nay vdn cdn duy tri cac phong tue mang net chung nhu nhimg eu dan Viet. Ngoai viec cung le dinh ky vao ddu mdi vu ed (le xudng miia) hay trudc khi tha mgt vdng (me) ludi mdi (le xudng luai), thdng thudng trudc mdi ldn di biln, ngu ddn cung 1dm l l cung can mong cho chuyen di dugc thuan budm xudi gid, cho tdm cd day thuyen. Ben canh dd Id nhiing kinh nghiem di bien - nhiing tri thuc ddn gian cua ngu dan ve thdi tidt, ve bien, ve luong ca... vd cung phong phu va sinh ddng.
Gidng nhu nhiing ngudi dan chai d cac vimg biln khac, cu dan Dd Son ciing xem tbdi tiet va dua vao cac hidn tugng ty nhien.
2.3. Nhihig vdn di dat ^ffc khi khai thdc du lich
Nhiing net van hda bien ddo tao net rieng cho du lich Hai Phdng trong qua trinh phdt tridn du Uch bin viing da dugc danh gid hit sue tilra nang. Song van de khai thdc va bao tdn d ddy chinh la ngudn nhan luc cua dia phuang thara gia vao hoat ddng du lieh.
Khdng ngoai ai khdc hg chinh la nhung nhan td tich eye vua bao tdn vd phdt tridn du lich ben vftng cua dia phuang. Ddng thdi, de tao dugc cac nhan td tich cyc cho phat tnen bin vung loai hirib du lieh bien dao ben canh ngudn tai nguyen ty nhien phong phu thi tdi nguydn nhdn vdn chinh la van hda bidn dao da tao len nhan td ben vimg cho du lich. Cimg vdi do Id sy vdo eudc cua ngudi dan dia phuong, chinh quyen sd tai, cac co quan qudn Iy nhd nudc v l vdn hda sd gdp phan bao ve tich cue cho loai hinh du lich nay ngay cdng bdn viing bon trong con mdt cua du khdch.
Phat trien ngudn nhan luc du lich la nhiing boat dgng nhdm tdng cudng ve sd lugng, chdt lugng vd hieu qud frong khai thac, bao tdn vdn hda bien dao. Nhan lyc du lich cua mdi dia phuang se dam bao hgp ly giua cac trinh do dao tao, cac loai edng viee, cae chuyen nganh va ITnh vyc, eac nghi (Id tan, phyc vu budng, cbl bien mdn dn, hudng ddn vidn du lich, didu hdnh tour, nhdn vidn dai ly 1ft hdnh, dieu khien phuong tien van chuyen khdch du lich...) va giua cac dia diem du lich. Chinh ngudn nhan lyc dia phuang se lam ndi frdi nhihig net vdn hda bien dao cua dia phuong frong viec phuc vu du lieh ben viing frong tucmg lai. Day dugc coi la nhiing quydt sdch cd tinh chien luge cho du lich bidn ddo cua Hai Phdng dugc phdt trien ben vimg.
3. KET LUAN
Vdn hda bidn dao d Hai Phdng da phan anh sy da dang van hda ttong thdng nhdt cita cdng ddng cu dan ven bien cira sdng. Trong tien trinh phat trien xudng vimg cira sdng ven biln Hai Phong dd muu smh, md mang bd coi, ngudi Viet trong the iing xu vdi ty nhien va cac tdc ngudi khac ludn the hien ban sac van hda cua dan tgc. Dien ra ttong mdi trudng dia ly ty nhien
TAP CHi KHOA HQC, So 27, thang 3/2018 35
vd mdt hoan canh lich su cu the frong quang canh van hda vimg ven bien, eua sdng, frong cac quan be xa hdi d mdt vung dat mdi ket hgp giua ndng nghiep vd ngu nghiep. Do vay, van hda biln dao ciia cu ddn ven bien Hdi Phdng vua mang cai chung ciia tmyen thdng lai in dara cai neng: do Id sy tilp nhan mgt each tu nguyen cac gid tri van hda cita vdn cd ciia ngudi Viet d ddng bdng sdng Hdng, viia cd sy kit hgp vdi nbftng yeu td manh me cita bien.
Phat triin du lich bin vftng dya tren CO sd van hda dia phuong ddi hdi rat nhidu cdng sue va sy lam viec nghiem tuc ciia cac ben tham gia thuc hien. Nhung sau rat nhieu nam, tdt ca deu da dugc khai thae ben vung cho thay mgt sy thay ddi ro rdt.
Didu nay day len mdt cau hdi v l quyet tdm cua cac lanh dao trung uang vd dia phuong trong viec phat trien du Hch ben vftng. Cho den khi nao du lich ben vftng dugc thyc hien mdt each sdu rdng va dat hieu qua cao nhdt d l tao edng dn viec lam
cho ngudi dan ven biln Hdi Phdng, giiip bao ve mdi trudng va tao tidn dd eho sy phat trien ben vftng cua the he tucmg lai.
Dd la mgt cdu bdi cdn dang cdn ldi giai dap cua rat nhiiu ngudi, dac biet eua cac ben lien quan va vai trd cua cdc nha quan ly cd nhftng quydt sach dung dan eho du lich vdn hda noi day dugc coi la mgt san pham hap ddn khach du lich.
Nhiem vu frgng tdra nhdm khai thac hem nang cua vdn hda bien la bao ve ddc ldp chu quyen bien dao cua Td qudc dang duge cac cdp, cdc nganh, dia phuong vimg ven biln Hai Phdng trien khai tiiyc bidn. Vi le do khi nghien cihi, nhan dien de bao tdn, phat huy nhiing gia tri vdn hod bien ddo frong phat trien du lich b6n viing se gdp phdn phat tridn kinh td du lieh bien dao ttong chien luge "vuon ra bien Idn". Dap ling nhu cau sang tao vdn boa bien dao ma vin nguyen gid tri vdn cd lai dugc lam gjau th6m nhftng gid tri mdi frong du lich phii hgp vdi cugc sdng hien tai./.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Hdi ddng lich su tiianh phd Hdi Phdng (1990), Dia chi Hdi Phdng, Nhd Xudt ban Hai Phong, Hai Phdng.
2. Hgi ddng lich su thanh phd Hai Phdng (1987), Qud Pinh hinh thdnh phdi trien thdnh phd vd dgc tinh ngu&i Hdi Phdng, Nha Xudt ban Hai Phong, Hdi Phdng.
3. Nguydn Thj Hai Le (2010), 'Dac trung van hda biln cua ngudi Viet', Tap chi Vdn hoa Nghe thudt, so 315, fr.90, Ha Ndi.
4. Nguyen Nggc Thao, Le Thi Loan, Ngd Ddng Lgi (2001), Mgt sd di sdn vdn hod Hdi Phdng, Nhd Xudt ban Hai Phdng, Hdi Phdng.
5. Ngd Due Thjnh (2010), 'TmyIn thdng vdn hoa biln cdn duyen cua ngudi Viet', Tgp chi Vdn hda Nghi thudt, sd 316, tt.l5. Ha Ndi.
6. Tran Phuong (2006), Du lich vdn hda Hdi Phdng. Nha Xudt ban Hdi Phdng - Sd Du lich Hai Phdng, Hdi Phdng.
36 I TRlTCKNG D^I HQC HAI PHONG
